阅读说明：本技术 一种可调节甘蔗收获机械 (Adjustable sugarcane harvesting machine ) 是由 赵雪虎 于 2020-07-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及农作物收割工具技术领域,具体来说是一种可调节甘蔗收获机械,包括底架、收集箱和若干个切割组,每个切割组均设置有支撑板、导向板、调节装置和拔出装置；所述的收集箱设置在底架上,相邻的两个切割组通过导向板铰接在一起,所述的支撑板设置在底架上且在收集箱的前侧,所述的调节装置设置在支撑板的下部,所述的拔出装置设置在支撑板的侧面且在调节装置的一侧；本发明能够调整切割组之间的距离和利用调节装置改变拔出装置的位置来适应不同间距的甘蔗,同时拔出装置能够连续不间断地将甘蔗连根拔出,提高甘蔗收获的效率。(The invention relates to the technical field of crop harvesting tools, in particular to an adjustable sugarcane harvesting machine which comprises an underframe, a collecting box and a plurality of cutting groups, wherein each cutting group is provided with a supporting plate, a guide plate, an adjusting device and a pulling-out device; the collecting box is arranged on the underframe, two adjacent cutting groups are hinged together through the guide plate, the supporting plate is arranged on the underframe and at the front side of the collecting box, the adjusting device is arranged at the lower part of the supporting plate, and the pulling-out device is arranged at the side surface of the supporting plate and at one side of the adjusting device; the sugarcane root-connecting device can adjust the distance between the cutting groups and change the position of the pulling-out device by using the adjusting device to adapt to the sugarcanes with different distances, and meanwhile, the pulling-out device can continuously pull out the sugarcanes with roots, so that the sugarcane harvesting efficiency is improved.)

1. The utility model provides an adjustable sugarcane harvesting machine, includes chassis (1), collecting box (6) and a plurality of cutting group, every cutting group all is provided with backup pad (2), deflector (3), adjusting device (4) and extraction element (5), its characterized in that:

the underframe (1) is arranged at the front part of the agricultural vehicle; the supporting plate (2) is arranged on the bottom frame (1), and the lower part of the rear end of the supporting plate (2) is provided with two round holes; one end of the guide plate (3) is hinged with the support plate (2), and two adjacent cutting groups are hinged together through the guide plate (3); the collecting box (6) is arranged on the bottom frame (1) and on one side of the supporting plate (2);

the adjusting device (4) is arranged at the lower part of the supporting plate (2) and comprises a round rod (41), a roller (42), a base frame (43), a sliding block (44) and a spring (45); the number of the round rods (41) is two, and the round rods (41) penetrate through the round holes of the supporting plate (2) and are arranged on the bottom frame (1); the number of the rollers (42) is a plurality, the rollers (42) are arranged on the base frame (43), and the wheel surfaces of the rollers (42) are attached to the round rod (41); the left side and the right side of the base frame (43) are respectively provided with a groove, a roller (42) on the base frame (43) is connected with a driving motor, and the base frame (43) is provided with a control module; the sliding block (44) is arranged in the groove, one end of the sliding block (44) is in contact with the supporting plate (2), and a pressure sensor is arranged at the contact position; one end of the spring (45) is arranged in the groove of the base frame (43), and the other end of the spring (45) is connected with the other end of the sliding block (44);

the pulling-out devices (5) are arranged on the side face of the supporting plate (2) and on one side of the adjusting device (4), the number of the pulling-out devices (5) is a plurality, and each pulling-out device (5) comprises a connecting plate (51), a driving roller (52), a driven roller (53), a squeezing plate (54), an auxiliary rod (55) and a conveying belt (56); the number of the connecting plates (51) is a plurality; the driving roller (52) is obliquely arranged on the side surface of the supporting plate (2) through a connecting plate (51), and one end of the driving roller (52) is connected with a motor; the driven roller (53) is arranged on the side surface of the supporting plate (2) through a connecting plate (51), the driven roller (53) is positioned in front of the driving roller (52) and is parallel to the driving roller (52), and the height of the driving roller (52) is greater than that of the driven roller (53); the extrusion plate (54) is positioned between the driven roller (53) and the driving roller (52), and the extrusion plate (54) is connected to the supporting plate (2) through a connecting plate (51); the number of the auxiliary rods (55) is several, and the auxiliary rods (55) are vertically and uniformly arranged on the side surface of the extrusion plate (54); the conveying belt (56) is wound on the driving roller (52), the driven roller (53) and the extrusion plate (54).

2. An adjustable sugar cane harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein: the adjusting device (4) is positioned below the driven roller (53) in the pulling-out device (5).

3. An adjustable sugar cane harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein: the horizontal moving speed of the joint part of the conveying belt (56) and the extrusion plate (54) is equal to the advancing speed of the chassis (1) but opposite to the advancing speed.

4. An adjustable sugar cane harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein: the wheel surface of the roller (42) is provided with anti-skid grains.

5. An adjustable sugar cane harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein: and one end of the guide plate (3) far away from the pulling-out device (5) is an arc-shaped end surface.

6. An adjustable sugar cane harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein: the part of the auxiliary rod (55) exposed out of the extrusion plate (54) is smaller than the part of the auxiliary rod (55) installed in the extrusion plate (54).

7. An adjustable sugar cane harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein: the inner side of the conveying belt (56) is provided with anti-skid teeth, and the outer side is provided with a rubber layer.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of crop harvesting tools, in particular to an adjustable sugarcane harvesting machine.

Background

The sugarcane is divided into fruit sugarcane and sugar cane, the sugar cane is a raw material for processing and manufacturing the sugar in a factory, and the harvesting of the sugar cane is generally realized by adopting a special harvesting machine to operate on a large scale and directly cutting off the sugarcane from the root; however, in order to keep the freshness of the sugarcane and prevent the water loss of the sugarcane during the harvesting of the sugarcane, the root of the sugarcane needs to be reserved, so the root of the sugarcane needs to be dug out together during the harvesting, and the mode of harvesting the sugarcane still mainly adopts manual pulling out of the sugarcane, which is slow in efficiency and easy to cause personnel fatigue.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an adjustable sugarcane harvesting machine, which changes the traditional manual operation mode by using mechanical equipment, extracts the sugarcane root by root, avoids the operation fatigue of personnel and improves the production efficiency.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: an adjustable sugarcane harvesting machine comprises an underframe, a collecting box and a plurality of cutting groups, wherein each cutting group is provided with a supporting plate, a guide plate, an adjusting device and a pulling-out device.

The underframe is arranged at the front part of the agricultural vehicle; the supporting plate is arranged on the underframe, and the lower part of the rear end of the supporting plate is provided with two round holes; one end of the guide plate is hinged with the support plate, and two adjacent cutting groups are hinged together through the guide plate; the collecting box is arranged on the bottom frame and on one side of the supporting plate.

The adjusting device is arranged at the lower part of the supporting plate and comprises a round rod, a roller, a base frame, a sliding block and a spring; the number of the round rods is two, and the round rods penetrate through the round holes of the supporting plate and are arranged on the underframe; the number of the rollers is a plurality, the rollers are arranged on the base frame, and the wheel surfaces of the rollers are attached to the round rods; the left side and the right side of the base frame are respectively provided with a groove, a roller on the base frame is connected with a driving motor, and the base frame is provided with a control module; the sliding block is arranged in the groove, one end of the sliding block is contacted with the supporting plate, and a pressure sensor is arranged at the contact position; one end of the spring is arranged in the base frame groove, and the other end of the spring is connected to the other end of the sliding block.

The pulling-out devices are arranged on the side face of the supporting plate and on one side of the adjusting device, the number of the pulling-out devices is a plurality, and the pulling-out devices comprise connecting plates, driving rollers, driven rollers, extrusion plates, auxiliary rods and conveying belts; the number of the connecting plates is a plurality; the driving roller is obliquely arranged on the side surface of the supporting plate through a connecting plate, and one end of the driving roller is connected with the motor; the driven roller is arranged on the side surface of the supporting plate through a connecting plate, the driven roller is positioned in front of the driving roller and is parallel to the driving roller, and the height of the driving roller is greater than that of the driven roller; the extrusion plate is positioned between the driven roller and the driving roller and is connected to the supporting plate through a connecting plate; the auxiliary rods are vertically and uniformly arranged on the side surface of the extrusion plate; the conveying belt is wound on the driving roller, the driven roller and the extrusion plate.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the adjusting device is located below the driven roller in the drawing device.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the horizontal moving speed of the contact portion between the conveyor belt and the compression plate is equal to but opposite to the advancing speed of the base frame.

As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the wheel surface of the roller is provided with anti-skid grains.

As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, one end of the guide plate, which is far away from the extracting device, is an arc-shaped end surface.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the portion of the auxiliary rod exposed from the pressing plate is smaller than the portion of the auxiliary rod installed in the pressing plate.

As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the inner side of the conveying belt is provided with anti-skid teeth, and the outer side of the conveying belt is provided with a rubber layer.

The invention relates to an adjustable sugarcane harvesting machine, which comprises the following use processes:

step S1: according to the distance between sugarcane ridges and the distance between adjacent two guide plates hinged by the cutting groups, the pulling-out device is made to adapt to the distance between the sugarcanes, a motor on the driving roller is started, the driving roller rotates to drive the conveying belt to continuously move on the driving roller, the driven roller and the auxiliary rod along the inclined direction;

step S2: starting a motor on the bottom frame, enabling the equipment to move forwards, enabling the conveyer belts of the pulling-out device to be close to the sugarcane and move continuously, clamping the sugarcane by two adjacent conveyer belts under the support of the auxiliary rod, enabling the conveyer belts to move towards the direction opposite to the forward direction of the equipment and move upwards along the inclined direction of the driving roller and the driven roller, and further pulling out the sugarcane;

in the process, when one side of the guide plate contacts with the sugarcane, extrusion force is generated to further push the connected support plates to move, the moving distances of the support plates connected with the two sides of the adjusting device are different, so that the sliding blocks connected with the springs on the two sides of the base frame generate different pressures, the pressures are received by the pressure sensors and are processed by the control system, the driving motor in the adjusting device drives the roller wheels to rotate, the roller wheels drive the base frame to move along the round rods, the spring extrusion sliding blocks push the support plates to move towards the complete opposite direction of the sugarcane, and therefore the position of the pulling-out device is adjusted, the sugarcane is close to a vertical state in the working range of the pulling;

step S3: the pulled sugarcane is placed in a collecting box after the pulling device.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) according to the sugarcane harvester, the sugarcane is clamped under the support of the extrusion plate through the conveying belt, and the sugarcane is pulled out upwards with the movement of the conveying belt and the advancing of the whole harvesting machine, so that the root of crops is prevented from being left in soil, meanwhile, the conveying belt rotates ceaselessly, the whole machine can pull out the sugarcane continuously, and the sugarcane harvesting efficiency is improved.

(2) The device can adjust the distance between the plurality of cutting groups, so that the device roughly adapts to the distance between the sugarcane planting ridges and the ridges, and meanwhile, in the sugarcane pulling-out process, the adjusting device can further move and adjust the pulling-out device on the supporting plate to accurately adapt to the position of the sugarcane, so that the sugarcane is prevented from inclining or bending, and the sugarcane is prevented from bending in the harvesting process.

(3) The conveying belt in the pulling-out device is wider, and the auxiliary rod vertically supports the conveying belt, so that the contact area between the sugarcane and the conveying belt is increased, and the sugarcane is prevented from being damaged.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of A-A of FIG. 1 according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the conveyor belt of the present invention;

in the figure: the device comprises a chassis-1, a support plate-2, a guide plate-3, an adjusting device-4, a pulling device-5, a collecting box-6, a round rod-41, a roller-42, a base frame-43, a sliding block-44, a spring-45, a connecting plate-51, a driving roller-52, a driven roller-53, a squeezing plate-54, an auxiliary rod-55 and a conveying belt-56.

Detailed Description

It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

Referring to fig. 1, an adjustable sugarcane harvesting machine comprises a base frame 1, a collecting box 6 and a plurality of cutting groups, wherein each cutting group is provided with a supporting plate 2, a guide plate 3, an adjusting device 4 and a pulling-out device 5.

The underframe 1 is arranged at the front part of the agricultural vehicle; the supporting plate 2 is arranged on the underframe 1, and the lower part of the rear end of the supporting plate 2 is provided with two round holes; one end of the guide plate 3 is hinged with the support plate 2, two adjacent cutting groups are hinged together through the guide plate 3, and one end of the guide plate 3, which is far away from the pulling-out device 5, is an arc-shaped end surface; the collecting box 6 is arranged on the bottom frame 1 and on one side of the supporting plate 2.

The adjusting device 4 is arranged at the lower part of the supporting plate 2 and comprises a round rod 41, a roller 42, a base frame 43, a sliding block 44 and a spring 45; the number of the round rods 41 is two, and the round rods 41 penetrate through the round holes of the support plate 2 and are arranged on the bottom frame 1; the number of the rollers 42 is several, the rollers 42 are arranged on the base frame 43, the wheel surfaces of the rollers 42 are attached to the round rod 41, and the wheel surfaces of the rollers 42 are provided with anti-skid lines; the left side and the right side of the base frame 43 are respectively provided with a groove, a roller 42 on the base frame 43 is connected with a driving motor, and the base frame 43 is provided with a control module; the sliding block 44 is arranged in the groove, one end of the sliding block 44 is contacted with the supporting plate 2, and a pressure sensor is arranged at the contact position; one end of the spring 45 is arranged in the groove of the base frame 43, and the other end of the spring 45 is connected with the other end of the sliding block 44.

The pulling-out devices 5 are arranged on the side surface of the supporting plate 2 and on one side of the adjusting device 4, the number of the pulling-out devices 5 is several, and each pulling-out device 5 comprises a connecting plate 51, a driving roller 52, a driven roller 53, a squeezing plate 54, an auxiliary rod 55 and a conveying belt 56; the number of the connecting plates 51 is several; the driving roller 52 is obliquely arranged on the side surface of the supporting plate 2 through a connecting plate 51, and one end of the driving roller 52 is connected with a motor; the driven roller 53 is arranged on the side surface of the supporting plate 2 through a connecting plate 51, the driven roller 53 is positioned in front of the driving roller 52 and is parallel to the driving roller 52, the driving roller 52 is higher than the driven roller 53, and the adjusting device 4 is positioned below the driven roller 53; the pressing plate 54 is positioned between the driven roller 53 and the driving roller 52, and the pressing plate 54 is connected to the support plate 2 through the connecting plate 51; the number of the auxiliary rods 55 is several, the auxiliary rods 55 are vertically and uniformly arranged on the side surface of the extrusion plate 54, and the part of the auxiliary rods 55 exposed out of the extrusion plate 54 is smaller than the part of the auxiliary rods 55 arranged in the extrusion plate 54; the conveying belt 56 is wound on the driving roller 52, the driven roller 53 and the extrusion plate 54, the horizontal moving speed of the joint part of the conveying belt 56 and the extrusion plate 54 is equal to the advancing speed of the chassis 1 but opposite to the advancing speed, anti-skid teeth are arranged on the inner side of the conveying belt 56, and a rubber layer is arranged on the outer side of the conveying belt.

The invention relates to an adjustable sugarcane harvesting machine, which comprises the following use processes:

step S1: according to the distance between the sugarcane ridges, the distance between the guide plates 3 hinged to two adjacent cutting groups is increased or decreased, the pulling-out device 5 is made to roughly adapt to the ridge distance between the sugarcanes, a motor on the driving roller 52 is started, the driving roller 52 rotates, and the conveying belt 56 is driven to continuously move on the driving roller 52, the driven roller 53 and the auxiliary rod 55 along the inclined direction;

step S2: starting a motor on the chassis 1, enabling the equipment to move forwards, enabling the conveyer belts 56 of the pulling-out device 5 to approach the sugarcane and move continuously, enabling the adjacent two conveyer belts 56 to clamp the sugarcane under the support of the auxiliary rod 55, enabling the conveyer belts 56 to move in the direction opposite to the advancing direction of the equipment and move upwards along the inclined direction of the driving roller 52 and the driven roller 53, and further pulling out the sugarcane;

in the process, when one side of the guide plate 3 contacts with the sugarcane, extrusion force is generated to further push the connected support plates 2 to move, the movement distances of the support plates 2 connected with the two sides of the adjusting device 4 are different, so that different pressures are generated by the sliding blocks 44 connected with the springs 45 on the two sides of the base frame 43, the pressures are received by the pressure sensors, the pressure difference F is calculated through processing of the control system, the driving motor in the adjusting device 4 drives the roller 42 to rotate, the roller 42 drives the base frame 43 to move towards the pressure sensor with smaller pressure along the round rod 41 until the pressure difference is in the range of-F/4 to-F/2, the pressure difference is maintained at the value, the sugarcane is approximately in a vertical state at the moment, and the adjusting device 4 does not move when the pressure difference is maintained at the value due. The control system records the time for maintaining the pressure difference unchanged at the moment through the internal timer, the sugarcane is basically pulled up after the time reaches 1-2 seconds, and then the adjusting device 4 is controlled to reset.

Step S3: the extracted sugarcane is placed upside down in a collecting box 6 after the extracting device 5.

It should be understood that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent flow transformations made by the present specification and drawings, or applied directly or indirectly to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.