阅读说明：本技术 一种偏心轮振动钻床 (Eccentric wheel vibration drilling machine ) 是由 代文青 *** 蒋煜 毛蔚 付强 陈国庆 吴淑晶 于 2020-04-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种偏心轮振动钻床,包括工作台以及位于其下方的偏心轮振动机构；所述偏心轮振动机构包括固定在传动轴上的偏心轮、用于带动传动轴围绕其自身轴线做旋转运动的驱动机构以及与工作台连接的振幅调节装置,振幅调节装置与滚子从动件的顶杆相连接,滚子从动件的滚子由偏心轮驱动。本发明的钻床的振幅为0.1～0.5mm,振幅相对较大,钻削铝、铜等塑性大的软金属时,会出现零相位差振动断屑现象,随着振幅的增大,切屑由不断屑到局部断屑,最后整体断屑,因此有利于断屑和排屑。本发明的偏心轮振动钻床,可以通过调节变速器来改变偏心轮的转速,实现对频率的调整,频率范围为0.05～100Hz,通过振幅调节装置实现对振幅的调整。(The invention relates to an eccentric wheel vibration drilling machine which comprises a workbench and an eccentric wheel vibration mechanism positioned below the workbench; the eccentric wheel vibration mechanism comprises an eccentric wheel fixed on a transmission shaft, a driving mechanism used for driving the transmission shaft to rotate around the axis of the transmission shaft, and an amplitude adjusting device connected with the workbench, wherein the amplitude adjusting device is connected with an ejector rod of a roller driven piece, and a roller of the roller driven piece is driven by the eccentric wheel. The amplitude of the drilling machine is 0.1-0.5 mm, the amplitude is relatively large, when soft metals such as aluminum and copper with high plasticity are drilled, the zero phase difference vibration chip breaking phenomenon can occur, along with the increase of the amplitude, chips are broken from continuous chips to local chips and finally are broken integrally, and therefore the chip breaking and chip removal are facilitated. The eccentric wheel vibration drilling machine can change the rotating speed of the eccentric wheel by adjusting the speed changer, so that the frequency can be adjusted, the frequency range is 0.05-100 Hz, and the amplitude can be adjusted by the amplitude adjusting device.)

1. An eccentric wheel vibration drilling machine is characterized in that: comprises a workbench (2) and an eccentric wheel vibration mechanism positioned below the workbench;

the eccentric wheel vibration mechanism comprises an eccentric wheel (7) fixed on the transmission shaft, a driving mechanism used for driving the transmission shaft to rotate around the axis of the transmission shaft, and a transmission assembly II connected with the workbench (2); the transmission assembly II consists of a roller driven part (6) and an amplitude adjusting device (29) connected with the workbench; the eccentric wheel is contacted with a roller driven piece (6) of the transmission component II.

2. The eccentric wheel vibration drilling machine according to claim 1, wherein the driving mechanism comprises a motor (9) and a transmission assembly I, the transmission assembly I comprises a speed changer (11), an input shaft (12) and an output shaft (13), the motor and the input shaft are connected through a coupling (41), the rotating speed of the motor is 30000r/min, and the reduction ratio of the speed changer ranges from 2.5:1 to 5000: 1.

3. The eccentric vibratory drilling machine according to claim 2 wherein the drive shafts comprise a drive shaft i (37), a drive shaft ii (38) and a drive shaft iii (39), the three drive shafts being horizontally disposed;

the gear II (23), the gear III (8) and the gear IV (24) are straight gears which are the same, and the gear III, the gear II and the gear IV are respectively arranged in the middle positions of the transmission shaft I (37), the transmission shaft II (38) and the transmission shaft III (39).

4. The eccentric wheel vibration drilling machine according to claim 3, wherein the gear I (22) is a straight gear, the gear I (22) is mounted on the output shaft (13), the number of teeth of the gear I (22) is half of that of the gear II, the gear I (22) is meshed with the gear II (23), and the gear II (23) is meshed with the gear III (8) and the gear IV (24) respectively.

5. The eccentric wheel vibration drilling machine according to claim 4, characterized in that both ends of the transmission shaft I (37), the transmission shaft II (38) and the transmission shaft III (39) are respectively provided with a deep groove ball bearing (27);

the transmission shaft I (37) and the transmission shaft III (39) are respectively provided with 2 eccentric wheels (7), and the installation position of each eccentric wheel is equal to the distance between the centers of the transmission shafts where the eccentric wheels are respectively arranged.

6. The eccentric vibratory drilling machine according to claim 5, wherein the eccentricity of the 4 eccentrics (7) is the same, the eccentricity being 0.6 mm.

7. The eccentric vibratory drilling machine according to claim 1, wherein the roller follower comprises a roller (14) and a stub shaft (21), the roller (14) being cylindrical, the roller (14) being mounted on the stub shaft (21), the roller (14) being in line contact with the eccentric (7).

8. The eccentric vibratory drilling machine according to claim 1, wherein said amplitude adjustment means (29) are 4 in number, each cooperating with a roller follower;

the amplitude adjusting device (29) comprises a bolt hole (31), a piezoelectric actuator (32), a stud bolt (33), a push rod (15), a wire passing hole (35) and a piezoelectric ceramic driver (28), wherein the piezoelectric actuator (32) is connected with the end part (34) of the push rod through the stud bolt, and a connecting circuit of the piezoelectric actuator penetrates through the wire passing hole (35) to be connected with the piezoelectric ceramic driver (28).

9. The eccentric vibrating drill press according to claim 8, wherein the total stroke of the piezoelectric actuator (32) is 0-400 μm, the self-locking force is 100000N, and the working voltage is 20-1000V; the height of the upper end space of the piezoelectric actuator (32) is 0.5 mm.

10. The eccentric wheel vibration drilling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the top of the vibration machine box (1) is provided with a vibration machine box upper cover (26), and a support plate (30) is arranged between the working platform (2) and the vibration machine box upper cover (26).

11. The eccentric wheel vibration drilling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that a workpiece clamping mechanism (3) is arranged on the working table (2); the workpiece clamping mechanism (3) comprises a holding rod (16), an upper pressure plate (17), a lead screw (18), a lower pressure plate (19), a round column (40) and a fixing plate (20); the lower pressing plate (19) and the fixing plate (20) are welded into an I shape and clamped in guide grooves (25) on two sides of the workbench (2), the screw rod (18) is matched with threaded holes in the upper pressing plate (17), the lower pressing plate (19) and the fixing plate (20), and the holding rod is installed at the top of the screw rod.

12. The eccentric vibratory drilling machine according to claim 1 wherein the eccentric vibratory mechanism is mounted within a square base.

13. The eccentric vibratory drilling machine of claim 12, further comprising a drilling mechanism coupled to the base by a support; the drilling mechanism is an oil pressure automatic drilling mechanism.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of processing machines and relates to an eccentric wheel vibrating drilling machine.

Background

Drilling plays a very important role in machining. With the continuous improvement of the scientific and technical level, the research and development of composite materials are accelerated, a plurality of materials with high strength and large plasticity are applied, and the traditional drilling machine is difficult to meet the processing requirements of new materials. Traditional drilling machine all has the drilling power big, the drilling temperature is high, the cutter is short-lived, shortcoming such as chip breaking chip removal difficulty, to deep-hole machining and if aluminium, the big soft metal material's of plasticity processing such as copper, the smear metal that traditional drilling processing produced is most for banded smear metal, the smear metal is many and the chip removal passageway is long, if the chip breaking is not good, the chip removal is not smooth, the smear metal then can block up in the helicla flute of drill bit, very easy emergence card bores or the broken drill accident, damage the drill bit, the smear metal is untimely discharged still can the scratch machined surface, the processingquality in hole also can't be guaranteed. The drill bit works in a state of approximate sealing, and has the advantages of long time, large heat and difficult dispersion, so the drill bit is easy to wear.

Vibration drilling is an advanced technique that helps solve the above problems. The vibration of a certain law is applyed with the drill bit to current vibration drilling machine most of to realize the vibration drilling, but the drill bit realizes that axial vibration just needs to reform transform the main shaft, makes the main shaft structure complicated, is difficult to the vibration parameter adjustment. In addition, when some soft metals with high plasticity are drilled, the effect of low-amplitude vibration drilling technology (the amplitude is only about 10 microns) such as ultrasonic vibration on chip breaking is not obvious, and the vibration drilling technology with relatively large amplitude is needed to solve the problems.

Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, a new structure of the vibration drilling machine is needed to be researched.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problem that a vibration drilling machine in the prior art is small in amplitude and cannot be used for soft metals with large plasticity, and provides an eccentric wheel vibration drilling machine.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

an eccentric wheel vibration drilling machine comprises a workbench and an eccentric wheel vibration mechanism positioned below the workbench;

the eccentric wheel vibration mechanism comprises an eccentric wheel fixed on the transmission shaft, a driving mechanism used for driving the transmission shaft to rotate around the axis of the transmission shaft, and a transmission assembly II connected with the workbench; the transmission assembly II consists of a roller driven part and an amplitude adjusting device connected with the workbench; the eccentric wheel is in contact with a roller driven piece of the transmission assembly II.

As a preferred technical scheme:

according to the eccentric wheel vibration drilling machine, the driving mechanism comprises the motor and the transmission assembly I, the transmission assembly I comprises the speed changer (different amplitudes and frequencies are needed for different materials, the rotating speed of the eccentric wheel can be changed through the speed changer, so that the frequency can be adjusted), the input shaft and the output shaft are connected through the coupler, the rotating speed of the motor is 30000r/min, and the reduction ratio range of the speed changer is 2.5: 1-5000: 1.

The eccentric wheel vibration drilling machine comprises a transmission shaft I, a transmission shaft II and a transmission shaft III, wherein the three transmission shafts are horizontally arranged; the center distance between the transmission shaft I and the transmission shaft II is equal to the center distance between the gear III and the gear II, and the center distance between the transmission shaft II and the transmission shaft III is equal to the center distance between the gear II and the gear IV;

the gear II, the gear III and the gear IV are straight gears which are the same, so that the gear III and the gear IV can have the same rotating speed, and the stability of vibration is facilitated; and the gear III, the gear II and the gear IV are respectively arranged in the middle positions of the transmission shaft I, the transmission shaft II and the transmission shaft III.

According to the eccentric wheel vibration drilling machine, the gear I is a straight gear, the gear I is installed on the output shaft, the number of teeth of the gear I is half of that of the gear II, the gear I is meshed with the gear II, and the gear II is meshed with the gear III and the gear IV respectively.

According to the eccentric wheel vibration drilling machine, the two ends of the transmission shaft I, the transmission shaft II and the transmission shaft III are respectively provided with the deep groove ball bearings;

2 eccentric wheels are respectively arranged on the transmission shaft I and the transmission shaft III, and the distance between the installation position of each eccentric wheel and the center of the transmission shaft where the eccentric wheel is located is equal.

According to the eccentric wheel vibration drilling machine, the eccentricity of the 4 eccentric wheels is the same, and the eccentricity is 0.6 mm. During installation, the eccentric positions of the 4 eccentric wheels are ensured to be the same.

The eccentric wheel vibration drilling machine comprises a roller and a short shaft, wherein the roller driven part comprises a cylindrical roller and a short shaft, the roller is arranged on the short shaft, and the roller is in line contact with the eccentric wheel; wherein, the eccentric wheel is the driving part, and the roller is the follower.

According to the eccentric wheel vibration drilling machine, the number of the amplitude adjusting devices is 4, and the amplitude adjusting devices are respectively matched with the roller driven parts for use;

the amplitude adjusting device comprises a bolt hole, a piezoelectric actuator, a stud bolt, a push rod, a wire passing hole and a piezoelectric ceramic driver, wherein the piezoelectric actuator is connected with the end part of the push rod through the stud bolt (the stud bolt is screwed at the end part of the push rod through one hand and is screwed at the lower end of the piezoelectric actuator through the other hand), and a connecting circuit of the piezoelectric actuator penetrates through the wire passing hole to be connected with the piezoelectric ceramic driver.

According to the eccentric wheel vibration drilling machine, the total stroke of the piezoelectric actuator is 0-400 mu m, the self-locking force is 100000N, and the working voltage is 20-1000V; the height of the upper end space of the piezoelectric actuator is 0.5 mm.

According to the eccentric wheel vibration drilling machine, the top of the vibration machine box is provided with the upper cover of the vibration machine box, and the supporting plate is arranged between the workbench and the upper cover of the vibration machine box.

According to the eccentric wheel vibration drilling machine, the work piece clamping mechanism is arranged on the work table; the workpiece clamping mechanism comprises a holding rod, an upper pressing plate, a screw rod, a lower pressing plate, a round stand column and a fixing plate; the lower pressing plate and the fixing plate are welded into an I-shaped shape and clamped in the guide grooves in the two sides of the workbench, the screw rod is matched with threaded holes in the upper pressing plate, the lower pressing plate and the fixing plate, the screw rod rotates to drive the lower pressing plate and the fixing plate which are fixed relatively to the upper pressing plate to move, the rotation of the screw rod is converted into the linear motion of the upper pressing plate, the upper pressing plate is limited by the round stand column to rotate along with the screw rod, and the holding rod is installed at the top of the.

According to the eccentric wheel vibration drilling machine, the eccentric wheel vibration mechanism is arranged in the square base, the shape of the base is not limited to the square shape, and other reasonable shapes can be adopted as long as the main body part of the eccentric wheel vibration mechanism can be installed in the base.

The eccentric wheel vibration drilling machine further comprises a drilling mechanism, the drilling mechanism is connected with the base through a supporting piece, and the drilling mechanism is an oil pressure automatic drilling mechanism.

The principle of the invention is as follows:

the driving mechanism is utilized to drive the transmission shaft to rotate around the axis of the driving mechanism, so that the eccentric wheel is driven to convert the circular motion into the linear reciprocating motion, the vertical vibration of the workbench is realized through the transmission assembly II, the amplitude of the workbench is adjusted through the amplitude adjusting device, the vibration of the eccentric wheel can generate the amplitude of 0.1-0.5 mm, the amplitude is relatively large, the drilling tool can be used for drilling soft metals with large plasticity, drilling cuttings are easy to break, outlet burrs can be reduced, the service life of the drill bit is prolonged, and the processing quality is improved.

Has the advantages that:

(1) according to the eccentric vibration drilling machine, the eccentric wheel vibration mechanism and the oil pressure automatic drilling mechanism are matched to realize low-frequency vibration drilling on a workpiece, the eccentric wheel vibration can generate the amplitude of 0.1-0.5 mm, and the amplitude is relatively large. The average axial force of the present invention is smaller because the average axial force of drilling decreases with increasing amplitude. When soft metals with high plasticity such as aluminum and copper are drilled, the phenomenon of zero phase difference vibration chip breaking can occur, chips are broken from continuous chips to local chips and finally are broken integrally along with the increase of the amplitude, so that the drill cuttings are easier to break, the chips are more convenient to remove, and the processing efficiency can be improved;

(2) according to the eccentric vibration drilling machine, the vibration frequency is adjusted by controlling the rotating speed through the speed changer, the amplitude is changed by replacing the eccentric wheel, and the reasonable matching of the vibration parameters (amplitude and frequency), the feeding amount and the rotating speed of the main shaft can realize easier chip breaking, less outlet burrs and longer service life of a drill bit during processing of soft metal, so that the processing precision is improved;

(3) the eccentric vibration drilling machine can generate larger amplitude, when the amplitude is larger than the minimum chip breaking amplitude, chips are converted into C-shaped chips with thorough chip breaking from a belt shape, and the C-shaped chips are smaller in size, so that the chips can be removed, a large amount of cutting heat can be taken away, and the processing temperature is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an eccentric wheel vibrating drill press according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an eccentric wheel vibrating mechanism according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a right side view of the eccentric wheel vibration mechanism of the present invention (with deep groove ball bearings broken away);

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission system of an eccentric wheel vibration mechanism in the invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a roller follower of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the construction of the work clamping mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a right side view of the workpiece clamping mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the work table of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an amplitude adjusting device according to the present invention;

wherein, 1-a vibration cabinet, 2-a workbench, 3-a workpiece clamping mechanism, 4-a drill bit, 5-an oil pressure automatic drilling mechanism, 6-a roller follower, 7-an eccentric wheel, 8-a gear III, 9-a motor, 10-a transmission base, 11-a transmission, 12-an input shaft, 13-an output shaft, 14-a roller, 15-a mandril, 16-a holding rod, 17-an upper pressing plate, 18-a screw rod, 19-a lower pressing plate, 20-a fixing plate, 21-a short shaft, 22-a gear I, 23-a gear II, 24-a gear IV, 25-a guide groove, 26-a vibration cabinet upper cover, 27-a deep groove ball bearing, 28-a piezoelectric ceramic driver, 29-an amplitude adjusting device and 30-a supporting plate, 31-bolt holes, 32-piezoelectric actuators, 33-stud bolts, 34-ejector rod end parts, 35-wire through holes, 36-shaft sleeves, 37-transmission shafts I, 38-transmission shafts II, 39-transmission shafts III, 40-circular columns and 41-shaft couplings.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.

As shown in fig. 1, an eccentric wheel vibration drilling machine comprises a workbench 2, a drilling mechanism and an eccentric wheel vibration mechanism positioned below the workbench; the eccentric wheel vibration mechanism is arranged in the square base, and the drilling mechanism is connected with the base through a supporting piece; the drilling mechanism is an oil pressure automatic drilling mechanism 5 which mainly comprises a drill bit 4, an oil pressure system, an electric control system and the like;

as shown in fig. 2 to 4, the eccentric wheel vibration mechanism comprises an eccentric wheel 7 fixed on the transmission shaft, a driving mechanism for driving the transmission shaft to rotate around the axis of the driving mechanism, and a transmission assembly ii connected with the workbench 2; the transmission assembly II consists of a roller driven part 6 and an amplitude adjusting device 29 connected with the workbench; the eccentric wheel is in contact with a roller driven piece 6 of the transmission assembly II;

the transmission shafts comprise a transmission shaft I37, a transmission shaft II 38 and a transmission shaft III 39, and the three transmission shafts are horizontally arranged; the center distance between the transmission shaft I37 and the transmission shaft II 38 is equal to the center distance between the gear III 8 and the gear II 23, and the center distance between the transmission shaft II 38 and the transmission shaft III 39 is equal to the center distance between the gear II 23 and the gear IV 24; the driving mechanism comprises a motor 9 and a transmission assembly I, the transmission assembly I comprises a speed changer 11 (arranged on a speed changer base 10), an input shaft 12 and an output shaft 13, the motor and the input shaft are connected through a coupler 41, the rotating speed of the motor is 30000r/min, and the reduction ratio range of the speed changer is 2.5: 1-5000: 1; the gear I22 is a straight gear, the gear I22 is installed on the output shaft 13, the number of teeth of the gear I22 is half of that of the gear II, the gear I22 is meshed with the gear II 23, and the gear II 23 is meshed with the gear III 8 and the gear IV 24 respectively; the gear II 23, the gear III 8 and the gear IV 24 are the same straight gears; the gear III, the gear II and the gear IV are respectively arranged in the middle positions of the transmission shaft I37, the transmission shaft II 38 and the transmission shaft III 39; two ends of the transmission shaft I37, the transmission shaft II 38 and the transmission shaft III 39 are respectively provided with a deep groove ball bearing 27; 2 eccentric wheels 7 are respectively arranged on the transmission shaft I37 and the transmission shaft III 39, and the distance between the installation position of each eccentric wheel and the center of the transmission shaft where the eccentric wheel is respectively arranged is equal; the eccentricity of the 4 eccentric wheels 7 is the same, and the eccentricity is 0.6 mm;

as shown in fig. 5, the roller follower includes a roller 14 and a stub shaft 21, the roller 14 is cylindrical, the roller 14 is mounted on the stub shaft 21, and the roller 14 is in line contact with the eccentric 7; as shown in fig. 9, there are 4 amplitude adjusting devices 29, each of which is used in cooperation with a roller follower; the amplitude adjusting device 29 comprises a bolt hole 31, a piezoelectric actuator 32, a stud bolt 33, a mandril 15, a wire through hole 35 and a piezoelectric ceramic driver 28, wherein the piezoelectric actuator 32 and the mandril end 34 are connected through the stud bolt, and the connection line of the piezoelectric actuator passes through the wire through hole 35 and is connected with the piezoelectric ceramic driver 28; the total stroke of the piezoelectric actuator 32 is 0-400 μm, the self-locking force is 100000N, and the working voltage is 20-1000V; the height of the upper end space of the piezoelectric actuator 32 is 0.5 mm;

the top of the vibrating case 1 is provided with a vibrating case upper cover 26, and a supporting plate 30 is arranged between the workbench 2 and the vibrating case upper cover 26; a shaft sleeve 36 is arranged at the joint of the mandril 15 and the upper cover 26 of the vibrating case; as shown in fig. 6 to 8, a workpiece clamping mechanism 3 is arranged on the worktable 2; the workpiece clamping mechanism 3 comprises a holding rod 16, an upper pressure plate 17, a lead screw 18, a lower pressure plate 19, a round column 40 and a fixing plate 20; the lower pressing plate 19 and the fixing plate 20 are welded into an I shape and clamped in the guide grooves 25 on two sides of the workbench 2, the screw rod 18 is matched with the threaded holes in the upper pressing plate 17, the lower pressing plate 19 and the fixing plate 20, and the holding rod is installed at the top of the screw rod.