All-terrain vehicle
阅读说明:本技术 全地形车辆 (All-terrain vehicle ) 是由 杰弗里·D·班尼特 瑞安·K·勒沃尔 P·G·拉格兰 于 2019-02-11 设计创作,主要内容包括:示出一种具有转向系统(36)的ATV(2),该转向系统包括动力转向单元,该动力转向单元具有联接至拉杆(460)的驱动摇臂和从动摇臂(350,420)。该驱动摇臂(350)侧向偏离车辆中心线(520)并且由该动力转向单元驱动。一种替代性的动力转向系统包括联接至动力转向马达(302)的齿轮齿条子组件(642),该齿轮齿条子组件然后联接至该ATV(2)的转向臂(222)。(An ATV (2) is shown having a steering system (36) including a power steering unit having driving and driven rocker arms (350, 420) coupled to a tie rod (460). The drive rocker arm (350) is laterally offset from a vehicle centerline (520) and is driven by the power steering unit. An alternative power steering system includes a rack and pinion subassembly (642) coupled to a power steering motor (302), which is then coupled to the steering arm (222) of the ATV (2).)
1. A method of manufacturing all-wheel drive vehicles of various widths, the method comprising the steps of:
providing a frame having a front portion and a rear portion;
providing a powertrain and coupling the powertrain to the frame, the powertrain including a main power unit, a transmission, a front final drive, a rear final drive, and couplings between the transmission and the front and rear final drives;
providing a plurality of front and rear suspension members having different lengths;
providing a plurality of front and rear half shafts having different lengths;
selecting a set of front and rear suspension components and front and rear half shafts to define a measured distance from a longitudinal centerline of the vehicle;
providing front and rear wheels, wherein the distances measured from the outer sides of the front and rear wheels are different for the different groups;
providing a front toggle coupling the front wheel to a selected front suspension component; and
a steering stop is provided that can be used with all of the plurality of front suspension components having different lengths.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising the steps of:
providing a power steering unit;
providing a plurality of steering arms having different lengths; and
the steering arms are selected to cooperate with said front and rear suspension members and sets of front and rear half shafts.
3. A method as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein at least two lengths of front and rear suspension members and front and rear axle shafts are provided, wherein a first group provides a first width vehicle and a second group provides a second width vehicle, wherein the first width is less than the second width.
4. A method as recited in claim 3 wherein on the first width vehicle the axle shafts are swept back to define a first track of the first vehicle.
5. The method of claim 4 wherein, on the second width vehicle, the half-shafts are forward swept to define a second track of the second vehicle, wherein the first track is less than the second track.
6. The method of any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the first width vehicle has a maximum width in the range of 45 "to 51".
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the first width vehicle has a maximum width of 48 ".
8. The method of any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein the second width vehicle has a maximum width in the range of 52 "to 58".
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the second width vehicle has a maximum width of 55 ".
10. The method of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the frame is defined by longitudinally extending upper and lower tubes.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the front and rear suspension members are defined by upper and lower a-arms extending generally transversely from the frame.
12. The method of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the steering stops comprise a first stop member positioned on each of the front right and left suspensions; and a second stop member positioned on each of the right and left toggle joints; wherein the first stop member and the second stop member cooperate to provide an extreme rotational position.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein one of the first stop member and the second stop member is defined as an upstanding post.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein the other of the first stop member and the second stop member is defined as an arcuate slot in which the upright rotates, the arcuate slot including a stop surface contoured to contact a side of the upright, wherein for the first vehicle and the second vehicle, the upright contacts different stop surfaces of the arcuate slot.
15. An All Terrain Vehicle (ATV) comprising:
a frame;
ground-contacting members supporting the frame, the ground-contacting members including a front ground-contacting member and a rear ground-contacting member;
a right front suspension and a left front suspension;
a front wheel steering mechanism including right and left toggle joints pivotally coupled to respective right and left front suspensions;
a power steering unit coupled to the frame, the power steering unit including an output shaft that is laterally offset from a vertical centerline of the vehicle;
right and left steering arms coupled to respective right and left toggles, an
A linkage coupling the output shaft to the steering arms, wherein the right and left steering arms are substantially the same length;
this aggregate unit includes:
a drive rocker arm coupled at a first end to the output shaft and coupled at a second end to one of the right or left front steering arms;
a driven rocker arm coupled to the driving rocker arm by a pull rod;
wherein the steering arms are coupled to the driving rocker arm and the driven rocker arm at a first location and the tie rod is coupled to the driving rocker arm and the driven rocker arm at a second location.
16. The ATV of claim 15 wherein the power steering unit output shaft is offset laterally to the left of the vertical centerline of the vehicle.
17. The ATV of any one of claims 15 and 16, wherein the right and left front suspensions each include upper and lower a-arms, and the upper a-arm is defined by a front tubular member and a rear tubular member, wherein the rear tubular member is bent upwardly to provide clearance over the steering arms.
18. The ATV of any one of claims 15-17, wherein the front wheel steering mechanism further comprises a steering column coupled to the power steering unit, and further comprising an elevation block coupled to the steering column and a steering actuation member coupled to the elevation block, the elevation block being movable forward and rearward to adjust a position of the steering actuation member.
19. The ATV of claim 18, wherein the steering actuation member is a handlebar.
20. The ATV of any one of claims 15-19, wherein the first position is intermediate the pivot point of the driving and driven rocker arms and the second position.
21. An All Terrain Vehicle (ATV) comprising:
a frame;
ground-contacting members supporting the frame, the ground-contacting members including a front ground-contacting member and a rear ground-contacting member;
a right front suspension and a left front suspension;
a front wheel steering mechanism including right and left toggle joints pivotally coupled to respective right and left front suspensions;
a power steering unit coupled to the frame, the power steering unit including an output shaft coupled to the right toggle and the left toggle for steering;
a first stopper member positioned on each of the right front suspension and the left front suspension; and
a second stop member positioned on each of the right toggle and the left toggle;
wherein the first stop member and the second stop member cooperate to provide an extreme rotational position.
22. The ATV of claim 21, wherein one of the first stop member and the second stop member is defined as an upright post.
23. The ATV of claim 22, wherein the other of the first stop member and the second stop member is defined as an arcuate slot in which the upright rotates, the arcuate slot including a stop surface contoured to contact a side of the upright.
24. The ATV of any one of claims 22 and 23, wherein the upright post is shark fin contoured.
25. The ATV of claim 24, wherein the right front suspension and the left front suspension each include a first a-arm coupled to the right toggle and the left toggle, and the upright post and the arcuate slot are positioned adjacent to an intersection of the toggle and the a-arm.
26. The ATV of claim 25, wherein the upright post is positioned on the a-arm adjacent to the toggle.
27. The ATV of any one of claims 25 and 26, wherein the upright post tapers upwardly from a position adjacent the a-arm toward an end thereof.
28. An All Terrain Vehicle (ATV) comprising:
a frame;
ground-contacting members supporting the frame, the ground-contacting members including a front ground-contacting member and a rear ground-contacting member;
a right front suspension and a left front suspension;
a power steering unit coupled to the frame, the power steering unit comprising:
a power steering motor having an output shaft, an
A rack and pinion subassembly coupled to the power steering unit, the rack and pinion subassembly having a housing and a pinion gear drivingly coupled with the output shaft and a rack drivingly coupled to the pinion gear;
a steering column providing a torsional input to the power steering unit; and
a steering arm coupled to the rack;
wherein a torsional input to the power steering unit causes rotation of the output shaft and the pinion gear, and linear movement of the rack and the steering arm.
Disclosure of Invention
In an exemplary embodiment, a method of manufacturing all-wheel drive vehicles of multiple widths is provided, the method comprising the steps of: providing a frame having a front portion and a rear portion; providing a powertrain and coupling the powertrain to the frame, the powertrain including a main power unit, a transmission, a front final drive, a rear final drive, and couplings between the transmission and the front and rear final drives; providing a plurality of front and rear suspension members having different lengths; providing a plurality of front and rear half shafts having different lengths; selecting a set of front and rear suspension components and front and rear half shafts to define a measured distance from a longitudinal centerline of the vehicle; and providing front and rear wheels, wherein the distances measured from the outer sides of the front and rear wheels are different for the different groups.
In one example, the method further comprises the steps of: providing a power steering unit; providing a plurality of steering arms having different lengths; and selecting a steering arm to cooperate with said front and rear suspension members and said set of front and rear half shafts.
In another example, at least two lengths of front and rear suspension members and front and rear axle shafts are provided, wherein a first group provides a first width vehicle and a second group provides a second width vehicle, wherein the first width is less than the second width. In one variation, on the first width vehicle, the half shafts are swept back to define a first track width of the first vehicle. In another variation, on the second width vehicle, the half-shafts are swept forward to define a second track width of the second vehicle, wherein the first track width is less than the second track width. In another variation, the first width vehicle has a maximum width in the range of 45 "to 51". In yet another variation, the first width vehicle has a maximum width of 48 ". In yet another variation, the second width vehicle has a maximum width in the range of 52 "to 58". In yet another variation, the second width vehicle has a maximum width of 55 ".
In yet another example, the frame is defined by upper and lower longitudinally extending tubes. In one variation, the front and rear suspension members are defined by upper and lower a-arms extending generally laterally from the frame.
In a further example, the steering stops include a first stop member positioned on each of the front right and left suspensions, and a second stop member positioned on each of the right and left toggles; wherein the first stop member and the second stop member cooperate to provide an extreme rotational position. In one variation, one of the first stop member and the second stop member is defined as an upstanding post. In another variation, the other of the first stop member and the second stop member is defined as an arcuate slot in which the upright post rotates, the arcuate slot including a stop surface contoured to contact a side of the upright post, wherein for the first vehicle and the second vehicle, the upright post contacts different stop surfaces of the arcuate slot.
In another exemplary embodiment, an All Terrain Vehicle (ATV) is provided. The ATV includes a frame; ground-contacting members supporting the frame, the ground-contacting members including a front ground-contacting member and a rear ground-contacting member; a right front suspension and a left front suspension; a front wheel steering mechanism including right and left toggle joints pivotally coupled to respective right and left front suspensions; a power steering unit coupled to the frame, the power steering unit including an output shaft that is laterally offset from a vertical centerline of the vehicle; right and left steering arms coupled to the respective right and left toggles, and a linkage coupling the output shaft to the steering arms, wherein the right and left steering arms are substantially the same length. In an embodiment, the linkage comprises: a drive rocker arm coupled at a first end to the output shaft and coupled at a second end to one of the right or left front steering arms; a driven rocker arm coupled to the driving rocker arm by a pull rod; wherein the steering arms are coupled to first locations of the driving rocker arm and the driven rocker arm, and the tie rod is coupled to second locations of the driving rocker arm and the driven rocker arm.
In one example, the power steering unit output shaft is offset laterally to the left of the vertical centerline of the vehicle. In another example, the right and left front suspensions each include upper and lower a-arms, and the upper a-arm is defined by front and rear tubular members, with the rear tubular member being bent (jog) upwardly to provide clearance on the steering arms.
In a further example, the front wheel steering mechanism further includes a steering column coupled to the power steering unit, and further includes an elevation block coupled to the steering column and a steering actuation member coupled to the elevation block, the elevation block being movable forward and backward to adjust a position of the steering actuation member. In one variation, the steering actuation member is a handlebar. In another variation, the first position is intermediate the point of rotation of the driving rocker arm and the driven rocker arm and the second position.
In another exemplary embodiment, an All Terrain Vehicle (ATV) is provided. The ATV includes a frame; ground-contacting members supporting the frame, the ground-contacting members including a front ground-contacting member and a rear ground-contacting member; a right front suspension and a left front suspension; a front wheel steering mechanism including right and left toggle joints pivotally coupled to respective right and left front suspensions; a first stopper member positioned on each of the right front suspension and the left front suspension; and a second stop member positioned on each of the right and left toggle joints; wherein the first stop member and the second stop member cooperate to provide an extreme rotational position.
In one example, one of the first stop member and the second stop member is defined as an upright post. In one variation, the other of the first stop member and the second stop member is defined as an arcuate slot in which the upright rotates, the arcuate slot including a stop surface contoured to contact a side of the upright. In another variant, the upright post is in the contour of a shark fin. In yet another variation, the right front suspension and the left front suspension each include a first a-arm coupled to the right toggle and the left toggle, and the upright post and the arcuate slot are positioned adjacent to an intersection of the toggle and the a-arm. In a further variation, the upright post is positioned on the a-arm adjacent to the toggle. In yet another variation, the upstanding post tapers from a position adjacent the a-arm upwardly toward an end thereof.
In yet another exemplary embodiment, an All Terrain Vehicle (ATV) is provided. The ATV includes a frame; ground-contacting members supporting the frame, the ground-contacting members including a front ground-contacting member and a rear ground-contacting member; a right front suspension and a left front suspension; a power steering unit coupled to the frame; a steering column providing a torsional input to the power steering unit; a steering system support bracket coupled to the frame for supporting the power steering unit; and a steering stop coupled between the steering shaft and the steering system support bracket to provide an extreme rotational position of the steering shaft.
In yet another exemplary embodiment, an All Terrain Vehicle (ATV) is provided. The ATV includes a frame; ground-contacting members supporting the frame, the ground-contacting members including a front ground-contacting member and a rear ground-contacting member; a right front suspension and a left front suspension; a power steering unit coupled to the frame, the power steering unit comprising: a power steering motor having an output shaft and a rack and pinion subassembly coupled to the power steering unit, the rack and pinion subassembly having a housing and a pinion gear drivingly coupled with the output shaft and a rack gear drivingly coupled to the pinion gear; a steering column providing a torsional input to the power steering unit; and a steering arm coupled to the rack; wherein a torsional input to the power steering unit causes rotation of the output shaft and the pinion gear, and linear movement of the rack and the steering arm.
Additional features of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the following detailed description of illustrative embodiments.
Drawings
The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a front left perspective view of an ATV of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a rear right perspective view of the ATV of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a left side view of the ATV;
FIG. 4 is a right side view of the ATV;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the ATV;
FIG. 6 is a front view of the ATV;
FIG. 7 is a rear view of the ATV;
FIG. 8 is a front left perspective view of the frame of the ATV of FIGS. 1-7;
FIG. 9 is a rear right perspective view of the frame of FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a front left perspective view of a 55 "width version of an ATV showing the front suspension and steering system;
FIG. 11 is a front view of the front suspension and steering system of the ATV of FIG. 10;
FIG. 12 is an enlarged rear elevational view of the right suspension system of FIG. 11;
FIG. 13 is a front left perspective view of the hub illustrated in FIG. 12;
FIG. 14 is an exploded view of the hub coupled to the lower A-arm of FIG. 13;
FIG. 15 is a rear right perspective view of the ATV shown in FIG. 10;
FIG. 16 is a bottom perspective view of the suspension and steering system;
FIG. 17 is a bottom perspective view showing the electric power steering unit mount and the steering arm linkage;
FIG. 18 is an exploded view of the electric power steering unit mount and steering linkage of FIG. 17;
FIG. 19 shows a rear right perspective view of the steering linkage of FIG. 18;
FIG. 20 is a rear left perspective view of the linkage of FIG. 19;
FIG. 21 is a lower perspective view showing the driven rocker arm along with the steering stop;
FIG. 22 is a bottom side view of the suspension showing a 55 "width ATV;
FIG. 23 shows a view similar to FIG. 22 showing a suspension of 48 "width ATV;
FIG. 24 shows a bottom view of the left suspension of the 55 "width ATV;
FIG. 25 shows a bottom view of the left side suspension of the 48 "width ATV;
FIG. 26 shows a rear view of the rear suspension of the 55 "width ATV;
FIG. 27 shows a bottom view of the suspension of FIG. 24;
FIG. 28 shows a rear view of the 48 "rear suspension;
figure 29 shows a bottom view of the suspension of figure 26;
FIG. 30 shows a right rear perspective view of the right rear hub;
FIG. 31 shows a left rear perspective view of the mounting of the rear final drive with the frame of the ATV;
FIG. 32 shows a rear right perspective view of the ATV frame showing the engine with the exhaust line installed;
FIG. 33 shows a front left perspective view of the ATV muffler of FIG. 32;
FIG. 34 shows a rear right view of the muffler of FIG. 31;
FIG. 35 shows a rear left perspective view of the hitch mount on the ATV;
FIG. 36 is a front view of an alternative rack and pinion steering system;
FIG. 37 is a left side view of the rack and pinion steering system of FIG. 36;
FIG. 38 is a bottom view of the rack and pinion steering system of FIG. 36;
FIG. 39 is a rear left view of a lift block assembly that may be used with the handlebar; and
fig. 40 is an exploded view of the assembly of fig. 39.
Corresponding reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views. Unless otherwise indicated, the drawings are to scale.
Detailed Description
Referring first to fig. 1-7, the ATV of the present disclosure will be described in more detail. As shown, the ATV is shown generally at 2 and includes front wheels 4 and
As disclosed herein, two widths of ATV2 may be provided, namely 48 "width and 55" width. According to the present disclosure,
The
The
The
Finally, and with respect to the
Referring now to fig. 10-16, a
As shown in fig. 10,
As best shown in fig. 13, the
The forgings also produced 45 ° angle contact, but rather significantly improved strength. This design is lighter and results in better control of the stop.
Referring now to fig. 15-21,
As should be appreciated, when
As best shown in fig. 21, the
As best shown in fig. 18, there is shown a driven
Still referring to fig. 18 and 19, the driving and driven
Finally, referring to fig. 18, each
Referring now to fig. 11 and 16, further features of the steering system will be described as best shown in fig. 11, the steering
Further, referring to fig. 16 and 19, each of the
Referring now to fig. 22 and 23, the front suspensions of the 48 "and 55" vehicles will be distinguished. Referring first to FIG. 22, the ATV2 is in the form of a 55 "vehicle, with lateral distance X1Distance from the outer surface of
Referring now to fig. 23, a front suspension 56 'for a 48 "vehicle is shown, wherein the front suspension 56' includes left a-arms 200 'and 202' and right a-arms 204 'and 206'. The half shafts 256' also have different lengths to accommodate lateral differences between the
Referring now to fig. 24 and 25, the front suspension of the 48 "vehicle and 55" vehicle will be described, referring first to fig. 24, a 55 inch vehicle is shown with the front left wheel turned to the maximum left position of β535 ° rotation. Due to the fact that half-
Referring now to FIG. 25, a 48 inch vehicle is shown with the front left wheel turned to the maximum right position of β635 ° rotation. Due to the fact that half-shafts 256 'on a 48 "vehicle (fig. 23) are swept backward, the first contact between CV joint 250 (fig. 13) and half-shafts 256' will be at the front side of CV joint 250. Thus, the
It should also be understood that the
Referring now to fig. 26-31, the
Referring now to fig. 28 and 29, a rear suspension 58' for a 48 "vehicle will be described. As with the front suspension, most of the components of the vehicle remain the same, but the left a-arm 550', 552' and half-shaft 564' are replaced to compensate for the vehicle width. Similarly, as on the left, the right suspension is also modified so that the lower A arm 554', upper A arm 556', and half shaft 574' have reduced dimensions. The torsion bar 580' is also different to accommodate the width of the vehicle.
Referring now to fig. 28, the linkage between the a-arm and the toggle will be described. As shown in fig. 28, the right rear suspension is shown with a
Referring now to FIG. 31, there is shown a rear
Referring now to fig. 32-35, exhaust system 52 will be described in more detail. As shown, the exhaust system 52 includes an exhaust pipe 610 coupled at a forward end thereof to an engine 612 and extending rearwardly through a Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT)614 to an
It should be appreciated that vehicle 2 includes a front drive shaft coupled between
Referring now to fig. 36-38, an alternative steering system is shown, being a rack and
Referring now to fig. 39 and 40, the steering block assembly 680 and the adjustable instrument panel 682 will be described herein. As shown, the block-up assembly 680 is coupled to an alternative steering arm 684 having a T-shaped post 686. The booster block assembly 680 includes a main body portion 690, which in the disclosed embodiment is an aluminum block extruded in the direction of the apertures 692 in the posts 694. The block 690 includes an upper surface 696 and a lower surface 698 for receiving the upper clamp 700 and the lower clamp 702, respectively. The lower clamp 702 includes an arcuate opening 706 for placement against the T-post 686, wherein the clamp 702 may be attached to the lower surface 698 with fasteners 708, 710 to clamp the T-post 686 therebetween. The lower end of the body portion 690 includes an arcuate opening 712 for receiving a T-post 686. It will be appreciated that the lower end of the aperture 692 is threaded for receiving threads on the fastener 708.
As best shown in fig. 40, the instrument panel 682 includes a bracket 716 including a lower plate portion 718 having an aperture 720. The aperture 720 is aligned with the aperture 722 of the upper clamp 700. Thus, the fastener 726 may be received through the aperture 720 of the bracket 716, through the aperture 722 of the clamp 700, and into the upper end of the aperture 692. It should be understood that the upper end of the aperture 692 is also threaded for receiving the threads on the fastener 726. Thus, when bracket 716 is coupled to block 690, handlebar 740 is coupled therebetween, and upper clamp 700 and block 690 clamp knurled surface 742 to maintain the position of handlebar 740. The upper end 690 on the main housing includes an arcuate opening 744 and the clamp 700 includes an arcuate opening 745 for clamping against the knurled surface 742. The bracket 716 includes a plurality of bracket arms 746, 748, 750 that allow the upper housing 760 of the cartridge bay 682 to be coupled to the bracket 716 by fasteners 762.
Thus, given the geometry of the booster block 690, the booster block 690 may be rotated on the T-post 686 toward and away from the occupant, which causes the handlebar 740 to face toward and away from the occupant to accommodate ergonomic sensations for occupants of different sizes. This also adjusts the cartridge bay 682 to accommodate different sized occupants. In addition, the block 690 allows the handlebar 740 to be rotated downward to a stowed or transport position shown in phantom in fig. 39.
While this invention has been described as having an exemplary design, the present invention may be further modified within the spirit and scope of this disclosure. This application is therefore intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention using its general principles. Further, this application is intended to cover such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice in the art to which this invention pertains.
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