Novel shell and tube heat exchanger and marine refrigerating system
阅读说明:本技术 一种新型壳管式换热器及船用制冷系统 (Novel shell and tube heat exchanger and marine refrigerating system ) 是由 杨牧青 杨滨滨 邓志阳 黄家丽 邓志红 向淼 于 2020-07-03 设计创作,主要内容包括:本发明公开一种新型壳管式换热器,包括换热管、壳体、流体挡板,流体挡板内置于壳体内部,换热管穿过流体挡板,在壳体内延伸,壳体沿换热管方向通过流体挡板分隔,两端密封;换热管外部流动载冷剂,内部流动制冷剂,载冷剂通过流体挡板分隔的空隙流动,流过换热管,完成载冷剂和制冷剂之间的换热,在载冷剂流入壳体一侧,离换热管端面及靠近此侧壳体密封面之间,设置一个静压腔体,里面固定设置有一个同轴线的活动叶轮,可通过流入壳体的载冷剂推动叶轮运转。应用该技术方案,在静压腔体内设置一个叶轮,可通过静压腔,减少动力损失,也通过推动叶轮,改变流向,达到降低动力损耗,还额外提供了一部分流向换热管方向动力,加强了换热。(The invention discloses a novel shell-and-tube heat exchanger, which comprises a heat exchange tube, a shell and a fluid baffle, wherein the fluid baffle is arranged in the shell, the heat exchange tube penetrates through the fluid baffle and extends in the shell, the shell is separated by the fluid baffle along the direction of the heat exchange tube, and two ends of the shell are sealed; the secondary refrigerant flows outside the heat exchange tube, the refrigerant flows inside the heat exchange tube, the secondary refrigerant flows through the gap separated by the fluid baffle and flows through the heat exchange tube to finish the heat exchange between the secondary refrigerant and the refrigerant, a static pressure cavity is arranged between the end surface of the heat exchange tube and the sealing surface of the shell close to the side when the secondary refrigerant flows into the shell, a coaxial movable impeller is fixedly arranged inside the static pressure cavity, and the impeller can be pushed to operate by the secondary refrigerant flowing into the shell. By applying the technical scheme, the impeller is arranged in the static pressure cavity, power loss is reduced through the static pressure cavity, the flow direction is changed by pushing the impeller, power loss is reduced, part of power flowing to the direction of the heat exchange tube is additionally provided, and heat exchange is enhanced.)
1. A novel shell-and-tube heat exchanger comprises a heat exchange tube, a shell and a fluid baffle, wherein the fluid baffle is arranged in the shell, the heat exchange tube penetrates through the fluid baffle and extends in the shell, the shell is separated by the fluid baffle along the direction of the heat exchange tube, and two ends of the shell are sealed; the heat exchange tube is characterized in that a static pressure cavity is further arranged on one side of the heat exchange tube where the secondary refrigerant flows, and an impeller coaxial with the shell is arranged in the static pressure cavity, and the impeller is movably fixed in the static pressure cavity and can push blades which are arranged on the impeller and inclined towards the direction of the secondary refrigerant flowing to the heat exchange tube to rotate so as to drive the impeller to operate.
2. The novel shell and tube heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fluid baffle is a baffle plate, the baffle plate partially shields the inner cross section of the shell and tube along the direction of the heat exchange tubes, the baffle plate is arranged in a staggered manner from top to bottom in sequence to form a curved flow passage, and the coolant flows in the flow passage in a curved manner to complete the heat exchange with the heat exchange tubes.
3. The novel shell and tube heat exchanger as set forth in claim 1 wherein the fluid baffle is a jet plate, the outer edge of the jet plate is sealed with the inner surface of the shell and has jet holes formed therein, and a coolant is injected through the jet holes onto the heat exchange tubes to perform heat exchange with the heat exchange tubes.
4. The novel shell and tube heat exchanger as set forth in claim 1 wherein the impeller extends a rotary rod centrally along the heat exchange tubes, the rotary rod passing through a bearing fixed to the fluid baffle plate, terminating at the sealing surface of the other end of the shell, and being fixed and rotatable by the bearing.
5. The novel shell and tube heat exchanger as set forth in claim 4 wherein flights are fixedly disposed in segments on rotating rods separated by said fluid baffle segments, said flights being freely rotatable without obstruction.
6. The novel shell and tube heat exchanger as set forth in claim 4 wherein the connection between the rotating rod and the impeller is a flexible connection.
7. The novel shell-and-tube heat exchanger as recited in claim 4, wherein the diameter of the rotating rod is 5-10 mm, and the surface is provided with spiral concave veins.
8. The shell and tube heat exchanger as set forth in claim 1 wherein coolant entering the shell flows through open channels located near the central axis of the shell and tangentially upward along the central portion of the impeller to propel the impeller blades.
9. The shell and tube heat exchanger as recited in claim 1 wherein coolant entering said shell flows in through a channel of circular arc shape disposed at an upper portion of said static pressure chamber, and is sealed along a section of four sides coaxial with said shell and enclosed by an inner wall of said shell, and exits through an outlet port in the same direction as a tangential line of said impeller, thereby driving said impeller blades to rotate.
10. The marine refrigeration system using the novel shell-and-tube heat exchanger as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the refrigeration system comprises a compressor, a heat recovery liquid storage tank, an air-cooled condenser, a throttling device, an evaporator, a freezing liquid storage tank and a refrigeration end, a high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged by the compressor firstly flows into the novel shell-and-tube heat exchanger through an exhaust pipe, exchanges heat with a secondary refrigerant in the novel shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the heated secondary refrigerant flows into the heat recovery liquid storage tank for storage, the refrigerant which completes primary heat recovery continuously flows into the air-cooled condenser, and finally completes condensation through forced heat exchange of a fan; the condensed liquid refrigerant continuously flows into the throttling device through a pipeline, flows into the evaporator after being throttled, is evaporated, absorbs the heat of the secondary refrigerant flowing into the evaporator, circularly flows into the freezing liquid storage tank to be stored after the temperature of the secondary refrigerant is reduced, the evaporated gas refrigerant is finished, and then flows back to the compressor for compression through an air return pipeline, and the refrigeration compression cycle is continuously finished;
the low-temperature secondary refrigerant stored in the freezing liquid storage tank directly flows into the heat exchange tube at the refrigerating tail end, and the fresh-keeping or freezing requirement of the articles is realized in a way that the refrigerating tail end absorbs the heat of the articles; the secondary refrigerant absorbing heat circularly flows back to the freezing liquid storage tank and flows to the evaporator through the freezing liquid storage tank, and circularly exchanges heat with the refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator to continuously absorb cold;
when the surface of the refrigeration tail end is frosted and the heat exchange efficiency is reduced, the refrigeration secondary refrigerant flowing to the refrigeration tail end is closed at the moment, the high-temperature secondary refrigerant stored in the heat recovery liquid storage tank flows into the refrigeration tail end to defrost by absorbing the cold energy of the refrigeration tail end, the temperature of the secondary refrigerant absorbing the cold energy is reduced, the secondary refrigerant circularly flows back to the heat recovery liquid storage tank and then flows into the novel shell and tube heat exchanger by the heat recovery liquid storage tank, the heat of the high-temperature high-pressure gas refrigerant is circularly absorbed, the temperature of the high-temperature secondary refrigerant is ensured during defrosting, the defrosting is finally completed, and after the defrosting is completed, the high-temperature secondary refrigerant stops supplying liquid to the refrigeration tail end, and the low-temperature secondary refrigerant stored in the refrigeration liquid storage tank supplies.
11. The marine refrigeration system of claim 10 wherein said high and low temperature coolant is calcium chloride, sodium chloride or ethylene glycol.
12. A marine refrigeration system according to claim 10, wherein said low temperature coolant temperature is in the range of-10 ℃ to-60 ℃.
13. A marine refrigeration system according to claim 10, wherein said evaporator is a new shell and tube heat exchanger.
14. A marine refrigeration system according to claim 10, wherein said evaporator is a flooded shell and tube heat exchanger.
15. The marine refrigeration system of claim 10 wherein said refrigeration terminal is a low temperature air cooler of aluminum fin construction, the cold air flowing through the fins and the low temperature coolant within the heat exchange tubes disposed within the fins effecting heat exchange.
16. The marine refrigeration system of claim 10 wherein said refrigeration terminal is a frame-type quick-freeze system, wherein items to be frozen are placed on the heat exchange tubes and heat exchange is accomplished by flowing cryogenic coolant.
17. A marine refrigeration system as claimed in claim 10 wherein said refrigeration terminal is a quick freeze screw bed type system.
18. The marine refrigeration system of claim 10 wherein said refrigeration terminal is a wall bank pipe freezing arrangement system.
19. The marine refrigeration system of claim 10 wherein the refrigeration terminal is an ice making system, and wherein the low temperature coolant flows through the heat exchange tubes to exchange heat with water outside the heat exchange tubes, such that the water becomes ice, thereby making ice.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of heat exchangers and refrigeration, in particular to a novel shell-and-tube heat exchanger and a marine refrigeration system using the novel shell-and-tube heat exchanger.
Background
The shell and tube heat exchanger that uses in the air conditioning field at present, generally for the secondary refrigerant gets into shell and tube heat exchanger after, directly strikes and places the heat exchange tube of shell and tube heat exchanger in, after using for a period of time, can cause the damage of this part pipeline, leads to the refrigerant to reveal to influence shell and tube heat exchanger's normal use, and because the secondary refrigerant business turn over direction is perpendicular with shell and tube heat exchanger's heat exchange tube, cause the secondary refrigerant to flow into shell and tube heat exchanger after, the direction changes suddenly, make the kinetic energy loss of secondary refrigerant great, and can form the endless loop in the part, directly influence the heat transfer. Based on above shortcoming, a shell and tube heat exchanger appears afterwards, and this kind of heat exchanger adds one section cavity when secondary refrigerant gets into the casing, separates through a reposition of redundant personnel orifice plate, supplies the liquid for the heat exchange tube through the hole that sets up on the reposition of redundant personnel orifice plate, accomplishes the heat transfer, because the heat exchange tube is located reposition of redundant personnel orifice plate opposite side, just so can avoid the loss that the striking produced, this kind of technical record is in patent application number: CN201220473419.5, the patent name "shell and tube heat exchanger of central air conditioner set".
However, in practical use, the technical scheme has the defect that holes formed in the flow dividing pore plate are easy to block after being used for a period of time, and the secondary refrigerant is connected with an external pipeline in a complex and troublesome-to-replace mode through a pipeline liquid supply mode coaxial with the shell of the heat exchanger.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects, the invention provides a novel shell-and-tube heat exchanger which comprises a heat exchange tube, a shell and a fluid baffle, wherein the fluid baffle is arranged in the shell, the heat exchange tube penetrates through the fluid baffle and extends in the shell, the shell is separated by the fluid baffle along the direction of the heat exchange tube, and two ends of the shell are sealed; the heat exchange tube is characterized in that secondary refrigerant flows outside the heat exchange tube, refrigerant flows inside the heat exchange tube, the secondary refrigerant flows through a gap separated by the fluid baffle and flows through the heat exchange tube to complete heat exchange between the secondary refrigerant and the refrigerant, a static pressure cavity is further arranged between the end surface of the heat exchange tube and a sealing surface of the shell close to the side where the secondary refrigerant flows into the shell, an impeller coaxial with the shell is arranged in the static pressure cavity, and the impeller is movably fixed in the static pressure cavity and can push blades which are arranged on the impeller and inclined towards the direction of the secondary refrigerant flowing into the heat exchange tube to rotate so as to drive the impeller to operate.
Furthermore, the fluid baffle is a baffle plate, the baffle plate partially shields the inner section of the shell tube along the direction of the heat exchange tube, the baffle plate is sequentially arranged up and down to form a curved flow channel, and the secondary refrigerant flows in the flow channel in a curved manner to finish heat exchange with the heat exchange tube. The baffle plates are arranged, a curve flow channel is formed through the baffle plates, the flow state of the secondary refrigerant is changed by changing the flow direction of the secondary refrigerant, and the effect of improving the heat exchange efficiency is achieved.
Furthermore, the fluid baffle is a jet flow plate, the outer edge of the jet flow plate is sealed with the inner surface of the shell, a jet hole is formed in the upper surface of the jet flow plate, and secondary refrigerant is sprayed onto the heat exchange tube through the jet hole to complete heat exchange between the secondary refrigerant and the heat exchange tube.
The jet holes are formed in the baffle plate, secondary refrigerant is sprayed onto the heat exchange tubes through the jet holes, the flow velocity is greatly improved, and the effect of improving the heat exchange efficiency can be achieved.
Furthermore, a rotating rod extends from the central position of the impeller along the direction of the heat exchange tube, and the stirring rod penetrates through a bearing fixed on the fluid baffle plate, is stopped at the sealing surface at the other end of the shell, and is fixed and rotates through the bearing.
The rotary rod is arranged, and the secondary refrigerant is disturbed through the rotation of the rotary rod, so that the effect of further improving the heat exchange efficiency is achieved.
Further, on the rotating rods partitioned by the fluid baffle segments, spiral pieces are fixedly arranged in segments, and the spiral pieces can freely rotate without obstacles.
The spiral piece is arranged on the rotating rod, and the secondary refrigerant can be further disturbed through the rotation of the spiral piece, so that the effect of further improving the heat exchange efficiency is achieved.
Further, the rotating rod is movably connected with the impeller.
The movable connection can achieve the effect of being convenient for replacing the damaged rotary rod.
Further, the diameter of the rotating rod is 5-10 mm, and spiral concave grains are arranged on the surface of the rotating rod.
The rotary rod is provided with the spiral concave veins, so that the secondary refrigerant can be further disturbed through the spiral concave veins, and the effect of further improving the heat exchange efficiency is achieved.
Furthermore, the secondary refrigerant entering the shell flows out of a pipeline arranged at the middle position of the impeller and in the tangential upward direction through a pipeline arranged at the central axis of the shell close to the impeller, so as to push the blades of the impeller to operate.
The inflow direction of the secondary refrigerant is arranged along the tangential direction of the middle part of the impeller, so that the kinetic energy loss of the secondary refrigerant can be reduced, and the effect of influencing heat exchange due to possible formation of dead circulation is avoided.
Furthermore, the secondary refrigerant entering the shell flows in through the upper position of the static pressure cavity, is sealed along a section of four sides which is coaxial with the shell and is surrounded by the inner wall of the shell, and flows out from an arc-shaped flow channel with an outlet in the same direction with the tangent line of the impeller, so that the impeller blades are pushed to operate.
The outflow direction of the circular arc-shaped flow channel is arranged along the tangential direction of the impeller, so that the kinetic energy loss of the secondary refrigerant can be reduced, and the effect of influencing heat exchange due to possible formation of dead circulation is avoided.
The invention also provides a marine refrigeration system applying the novel shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the refrigeration system comprises a compressor, a heat recovery liquid storage tank, an air-cooled condenser, a throttling device, an evaporator, a freezing liquid storage tank and a refrigeration tail end, high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged by the compressor firstly flows into the novel shell-and-tube heat exchanger through an exhaust pipe and exchanges heat with secondary refrigerant in the novel shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the heated secondary refrigerant flows into the heat recovery liquid storage tank for storage, the primary heat recovery refrigerant is finished, the secondary refrigerant continuously flows into the air-cooled condenser, and the condensation is finished finally through forced heat exchange of a fan; the condensed liquid refrigerant continuously flows into the throttling device through a pipeline, flows into the evaporator after being throttled, is evaporated, absorbs the heat of the secondary refrigerant flowing into the evaporator, circularly flows into the freezing liquid storage tank for storage after the temperature of the secondary refrigerant is reduced, and the evaporated gas refrigerant flows back to the compressor through the pipeline to continuously complete the compression cycle;
the low-temperature secondary refrigerant stored in the freezing liquid storage tank directly flows into the heat exchange tube at the refrigerating tail end, and the fresh-keeping or freezing requirement of the articles is realized in a way that the refrigerating tail end absorbs the heat of the articles; the secondary refrigerant absorbing heat circularly flows back to the freezing liquid storage tank and flows to the evaporator through the freezing liquid storage tank, and circularly exchanges heat with the refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator to continuously absorb cold;
when the surface of the refrigeration tail end is frosted and the heat exchange efficiency is reduced, the refrigeration secondary refrigerant flowing to the refrigeration tail end is closed at the moment, the high-temperature secondary refrigerant stored in the heat recovery liquid storage tank flows into the refrigeration tail end to defrost by absorbing the cold energy of the refrigeration tail end, the temperature of the secondary refrigerant absorbing the cold energy is reduced, the secondary refrigerant circularly flows back to the heat recovery liquid storage tank and then flows into the novel shell and tube heat exchanger by the heat recovery liquid storage tank, the heat of the high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant is circularly absorbed, the temperature of the high-temperature secondary refrigerant is ensured during defrosting, defrosting is finally completed, and after defrosting is completed, the high-temperature secondary refrigerant stops supplying liquid to the refrigeration tail end, and continues to be supplied with liquid to the refrigeration tail end by the low-temperature.
The heat exchange effect between the refrigerant and the secondary refrigerant can be effectively improved, and the marine refrigeration system has the advantages of more compact volume and convenience in installation and maintenance.
Further, the high-temperature secondary refrigerant and the low-temperature secondary refrigerant are calcium chloride, sodium chloride or ethylene glycol.
Calcium chloride, sodium chloride or ethylene glycol is used as the high-temperature and low-temperature secondary refrigerant, and the high-temperature and low-temperature secondary refrigerant is a common material, so that the high-temperature and low-temperature secondary refrigerant has the effects of convenience in purchase and lower use cost.
Further, the temperature of the low-temperature secondary refrigerant is-10 to-60 ℃.
The temperature of the low-temperature secondary refrigerant is-10 to-60 ℃, and the effect of adjusting the temperature of the low-temperature secondary refrigerant according to the requirement to realize the fresh-keeping or refrigeration requirement can be achieved.
Further, the evaporator is a novel shell and tube heat exchanger.
The evaporator uses a novel shell and tube heat exchanger, and can achieve the effect of improving the evaporation heat exchange efficiency.
Further, the evaporator is a flooded shell and tube heat exchanger.
The evaporator adopts a flooded shell and tube heat exchanger, and the effect of improving the energy efficiency can be achieved.
Furthermore, the refrigeration tail end is a low-temperature air cooler with an aluminum fin structure, and cold air flows through the fins and low-temperature secondary refrigerant in the heat exchange tubes arranged in the fins to complete heat exchange.
The refrigeration end adopts the air-cooler, can take hoist and mount and sit ground formula mounting means, can many parallelly connected uses, can reach the installation flexibility, is convenient for change, and can realize in a flexible way keeping fresh to article, perhaps freezing treatment's effect.
Furthermore, the refrigeration tail end is a frame type quick-freezing structural system, articles to be frozen are placed on the heat exchange tube, and heat exchange is completed through flowing low-temperature secondary refrigerant.
The objects to be frozen are directly placed on the frame-type quick-freezing structure heat exchange tubes, and the frame-type quick-freezing structure is arranged in a tube row mode, so that the effect of quick freezing can be achieved.
Further, the refrigeration tail end is a quick-freezing spiral bed type system.
By adopting the quick-freezing spiral bed type system, the effect of freezing food in a short time can be achieved by rotating the articles on the spiral bed.
Further, the refrigeration end is a wall drain pipe freezing structure system.
The freezing structure of the wall calandria is adopted, the air temperature of the closed space is reduced firstly, then low-temperature air is contacted with objects, the freezing of the objects is realized, and the effects of simple structure and lower installation and maintenance cost can be achieved.
Furthermore, the refrigeration tail end is provided with an ice making system, and low-temperature secondary refrigerant flows through the heat exchange tube and exchanges heat with water outside the heat exchange tube, so that the water is changed into ice, and ice making is completed.
The ice is made by using the low-temperature secondary refrigerant, so that the effects of simple refrigeration system and convenient maintenance can be achieved.
By applying the technical scheme, the static pressure cavity is arranged at the end, close to the water inlet pipe, of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the rotatable impeller is arranged in the static pressure cavity, so that the secondary refrigerant flowing into the shell-and-tube heat exchanger firstly flows into the static pressure cavity along the tangential direction of the impeller and then expands in the static pressure cavity, the flow velocity is reduced, the loss of dynamic pressure can be greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the secondary refrigerant is changed along the flow direction of the heat exchange pipe of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger by pushing the impeller to rotate, so that the secondary refrigerant is more gentle; in the process of pushing the impeller to rotate, the pushing force can also be decomposed, and the power for pushing a part of moving secondary refrigerant to flow along the direction of the heat exchange tube of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger is provided, so that the heat exchange efficiency is improved, and therefore:
firstly, the problems of kinetic energy loss caused by direct impact of the secondary refrigerant on the heat exchange tube, possible damage of the heat exchange tube and possible reduction of heat exchange efficiency caused by dead circulation are effectively solved, the service life is effectively prolonged, the kinetic energy loss is reduced, and the heat exchange effect is improved;
secondly, because the secondary refrigerant has power flowing towards the direction of the heat exchange tube, the secondary refrigerant can avoid the aggregation of obstructions in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger by the power, and can achieve the effect of ensuring the normal heat exchange efficiency for a long time;
finally, a conventional tube distribution mode of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger for the secondary refrigerant to enter and exit can be adopted, so that the effect of simplifying the connection with an external pipeline and facilitating the connection and replacement in a narrow use space is achieved when the shell-and-tube heat exchanger is installed with the outside.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a front view showing the structure of a first embodiment 1 of the shell and tube heat exchanger of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a side view of the structure of the first embodiment of the shell and tube heat exchanger 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a front view showing the structure of the second embodiment of the shell and tube heat exchanger 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a side view of a second embodiment of the shell and tube heat exchanger 2 of the present invention.
Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a refrigeration system incorporating the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a novel shell-and-tube heat exchanger, as shown in fig. 1, including a heat exchange tube, a U-shaped elbow, a left sealing
The heat exchange tube built in the
The structural schematic diagram of the circular arc-
The method adopts the tangential direction with the
During actual use, the secondary refrigerant pushing the
The
The problem of reducing the kinetic energy loss of the secondary refrigerant and improving the heat exchange efficiency can be solved by utilizing the inclination of the blades of the
The
The
One end of the
The diameter of the
The
The surface of the
Besides spiral concave lines are formed on the
When the secondary refrigerant pushes the
Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides another novel shell-and-tube heat exchanger, specifically referring to fig. 3, which is different from the first one in that:
firstly, the
By adopting the jet flow plate, when the secondary refrigerant passes through the jet holes, the secondary refrigerant is sprayed to the heat exchange tube at a higher jet speed, so that the heat exchange efficiency between the secondary refrigerant and the heat exchange tube is improved, and meanwhile, when the secondary refrigerant pushes the
Secondly, the
The
In example 2, since
Compared with embodiment 1, embodiment 2 eliminates the arc-shaped
Fig. 5 shows a marine refrigeration system using the novel shell-and-tube heat exchanger of the present invention, which includes a compressor 205, a heat recovery liquid storage tank 207, an air-cooled condenser 201, a throttling device 216, an evaporator 213, a freezing liquid storage tank 215, and a refrigeration end 217, wherein a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 205 flows into a heat exchange tube of the novel shell-and-tube heat exchanger 206 through an exhaust pipe 203, a coolant flows into the novel shell-and-tube heat exchanger 206 through a pipe 209, exchanging heat with the refrigerant flowing in the heat exchange tube of the novel shell-and-tube heat exchanger 206, condensing the refrigerant to release heat to the secondary refrigerant, flowing the heated secondary refrigerant into the heat recovery liquid storage tank 207 through the pipeline 208 for storage, finishing the primary heat recovery of the refrigerant, continuously flowing into the heat exchange tube of the air-cooled condenser 201, the fan 200 rotates to force air to flow across the surface of the air-cooled condenser 201, and forced heat exchange is carried out to finally finish condensation; the condensed liquid refrigerant continues to flow into the throttling device 216 through the pipeline 202, flows into the heat exchange tube of the evaporator 213 after throttling the refrigerant, evaporates to absorb the heat of the secondary refrigerant flowing into the evaporator 213 through the pipeline 212, flows out of the evaporator 213 through the pipeline 211 after reducing the temperature of the secondary refrigerant, circularly flows into the freezing liquid storage tank 215 for storage, and circulates back to the compressor 205 for compression through the gas return pipeline to finish the refrigeration compression cycle.
The low-temperature secondary refrigerant stored in the freezing
When the surface of the refrigeration tail end 217 is frosted and the heat exchange efficiency is reduced, the 2 nd
In order to adjust the temperature value of the low-temperature secondary refrigerant according to the requirement and realize the requirements of fresh keeping or refrigeration, the refrigeration system for the ship preferably selects the secondary refrigerant as calcium chloride, sodium chloride or ethylene glycol, and the temperature of the low-temperature secondary refrigerant is-10 to-60 ℃.
In order to improve the efficiency of the evaporation heat exchange, the
To improve energy efficiency, the
In order to solve the problems that the installation mode can be flexibly selected and used according to the needs, a plurality of cold air inlets can be connected in parallel for use, and replacement is convenient, preferably, the refrigeration tail end 217 can be selected and used as a low-temperature type air cooler with an aluminum fin structure, and cold air flows through fins and low-temperature secondary refrigerant arranged in heat exchange tubes inside the fins to complete heat exchange.
In order to solve the problem that the articles can be rapidly frozen, preferably, the refrigeration tail end 217 can be selected from a frame type quick-freezing structure system, the articles to be frozen are placed on the heat exchange tubes, heat exchange is completed through flowing low-temperature secondary refrigerant, the frame type quick-freezing structure is arranged in a tube row mode commonly used in a refrigeration house, namely, the heat exchange tubes are made into a frame shape capable of stacking the articles, and the articles are directly placed on the heat exchange tubes, so that the refrigeration requirement is met.
To solve the problem of time freezing food, the refrigeration end 217 may be preferably a quick-freezing spiral bed type system, i.e. a spiral bed, in which the conveyor belt is made into a spiral shape, the articles spirally move on the spiral conveyor belt, and the cold air cooled by the refrigeration end 217 forcibly flows to finish the quick freezing of the articles.
In order to solve the problem of reducing the installation and maintenance cost, the refrigeration tail end 217 is preferably a wall calandria freezing structure system, namely a wall calandria system, namely a heat exchange pipe is arranged close to a wall, articles to be frozen are placed in a closed space, and the freezing of the articles is completed through natural air convection or forced convection.
In order to solve the problem of convenience in maintenance during ice making, preferably, the refrigeration end 217 is an ice making system, and the low-temperature secondary refrigerant flows through the heat exchange tube and exchanges heat with water outside the heat exchange tube, so that the water is changed into ice to complete ice making.
In order to solve the stability problem of the refrigeration system for the ship, the whole refrigeration system can be integrally arranged on a shock absorption base for use, and certainly, part of components of the whole refrigeration system, such as a compressor 205 and the like, can be independently arranged on the shock absorption base or can be directly arranged on the ship for use.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the embodiment of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
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