阅读说明：本技术 测试物质遇水放出气体速率的装置及用途 (Device for testing gas velocity of substance in water and application ) 是由 郭璐 王康 厉鹏 费轶 张金梅 于 2019-04-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种测试物质遇水放出气体速率的装置及用途,主要解决现有技术中测试结果不准确的问题。本发明通过采用一种测试物质遇水放出气体速率的装置,主要包括恒温箱、试验瓶、样品池、精密蠕动泵、流量计、压力探测器、水浴箱,样品池放置于试验瓶的底部,试验瓶底部设有入水口,试验瓶口设有瓶塞,排气管线一端穿过瓶塞伸入试验瓶内部,另一端与流量计入口相连,流量计入口前的排气管线上设有压力探测器,所述试验瓶放置于水浴箱中,水浴箱设有包括加热片、溢流口、低水位开关、水温传感器、制冷器、循环水泵、底部排水管线的附属设备的技术方案较好地解决了上述问题,可用于测试物质遇水放出气体速率中。(The invention relates to a device for testing the gas velocity of a substance in water and application thereof, and mainly solves the problem of inaccurate test result in the prior art. The invention solves the problems well by adopting the technical scheme that the device for testing the gas releasing rate of the substance when encountering water mainly comprises a constant temperature box, a test bottle, a sample pool, a precise peristaltic pump, a flowmeter, a pressure detector and a water bath box, wherein the sample pool is placed at the bottom of the test bottle, the bottom of the test bottle is provided with a water inlet, a bottle plug is arranged at a test bottle opening, one end of an exhaust pipeline penetrates through the bottle plug and extends into the test bottle, the other end of the exhaust pipeline is connected with an inlet of the flowmeter, the pressure detector is arranged on the exhaust pipeline in front of the inlet of the flowmeter, the test bottle is placed in the water bath box, and the water bath box is provided with auxiliary equipment comprising a heating sheet, an overflow port, a low water level switch, a water temperature sensor, a refrigerator, a circulating.)

1. A device for testing the gas velocity of a substance discharged when encountering water mainly comprises a constant temperature box, a test bottle, a sample pool, a precise peristaltic pump, a flow meter, a pressure detector and a water bath box, wherein the sample pool is placed at the bottom of the test bottle; the test bottle, the exhaust pipeline, the sample pool, the outlet pipeline of the precision peristaltic pump, the flowmeter, the pressure detector, the water bath box and the accessory equipment thereof are all arranged in the constant temperature box.

2. The device for testing the gas velocity of a substance in water according to claim 1, wherein the water inlet is connected to the outlet of the peristaltic pump via a tube.

3. The device for testing the gas velocity of a substance in water according to claim 1, wherein the sample cell is a cylinder, the top of the sample cell is concave, and the depth of the concave is 0.3 cm.

4. The apparatus for testing the rate of gas evolution upon water of a substance according to claim 1, wherein the outlet of the flow meter is connected to an exhaust collection bag.

5. The apparatus for testing the rate of gas evolution upon contact with water of claim 1, wherein the incubator is provided with a heater, a refrigerator, and an illuminator.

6. The apparatus for testing the rate of gas evolution upon contact with water of claim 1, wherein a water drain valve is provided on the bottom drain line.

7. Device for testing the gas evolution rate in water of substances according to claim 1, characterized in that the oven guarantees a constant temperature of 25 ℃ during the test.

8. The device for testing the gas velocity of a substance in water according to claim 1, wherein the flow meter is a constant pressure type gas flow meter, and the flow meter can measure the extremely small flow rate of less than 0.01ml/min, which is consistent with the pressure in the test bottle during operation.

9. The device for testing the gas velocity of a substance in contact with water of claim 1, wherein the sample cell is made of glass.

10. Use of a device for testing the gas evolution rate of a substance upon contact with water according to claims 1-9 for the testing of the gas evolution rate of a substance upon contact with water.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a device for testing the gas velocity of a substance in water and application thereof.

Background

Some substances (such as Na, K and Mg) react with water to release explosive gases such as hydrogen, thereby causing fire and explosion accidents. At present, although the existing domestic water-gas-release testing method and testing instrument realize the functions of water injection, automatic recording, automatic calculation and the like in the whole testing process, the existing testing method and testing instrument have problems, for example, the experiment instrument for hazardous substances emitting flammable gas when meeting water, which is disclosed by the Chinese patent ZL01201816.3, the device for testing substances emitting flammable gas when meeting water, which is disclosed by the Chinese patent ZL200810160135.9, and the tester for hazardous chemicals emitting flammable gas when meeting water, which is disclosed by the Chinese patent ZL01020104849.0, provide some schemes for accurate measurement, but in actual work, the existing testing method and testing instrument find that although the functions of measuring the flow velocity of the gases emitted when meeting water are basically realized, the existing testing method and testing instrument still have defects, and the device based on the balance weighing principle in the ZL01201816.3 cannot measure small flow rate; due to the transient nature of the chemical reaction, the protocol of ZL200810160135.9 resulted in time differences and dead volume measurements with addition of water in a separatory funnel; the arrangement of ZL01020104849.0 uses gas mass flow meter measurements without taking into account the effects of different gas classes. In addition, they have an unsolved problem in that the time for the reaction of the sample with water to start and the volume of gas released cannot be determined and recorded because the pressure in the test container changes during the process of adding water to the sample either before or after the start of the test. After the test is started, adding water into the experimental container and reacting with the sample, wherein the water continuously enters the experimental container in the period of time to cause the pressure in the container to change; due to the defects of the test method, the deflation rate recorded by the instrument at this time is not the rate of gas evolution due to the reaction of the substance with water, and the period of time just after the substance and the water start to contact is the most violent time period of the reaction, so the calculated maximum deflation rate is not accurate. These defects cause great errors and uncertainty in the detection data of the existing equipment, and the detection data cannot be accurately measured for different types of gases, particularly cannot accurately distinguish between type II and type III, and between type III and non-dangerous goods. Therefore, the transportation of the chemicals which should belong to dangerous goods according to non-dangerous goods or the transportation of part of the chemicals which should belong to non-dangerous goods according to dangerous goods causes the confusion of various links such as packaging, loading and the like, and has unnecessary potential safety hazards.

Disclosure of Invention

One of the technical problems to be solved by the invention is the problem of inaccurate test result in the prior art, and the invention provides a new device for testing the gas release rate of a substance when meeting water, and the device has the advantage of accurate test result. The second technical problem underlying the present invention is to provide a device for testing the rate of evolution of gas in water corresponding to the first technical problem underlying the present invention.

In order to solve one of the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a device for testing the gas velocity of a substance discharged when encountering water mainly comprises a constant temperature box, a test bottle, a sample pool, a precise peristaltic pump, a flow meter, a pressure detector and a water bath box, wherein the sample pool is placed at the bottom of the test bottle; the test bottle, the exhaust pipeline, the sample pool, the outlet pipeline of the precision peristaltic pump, the flowmeter, the pressure detector, the water bath box and the accessory equipment thereof are all arranged in the constant temperature box.

In the above technical solution, preferably, the water inlet is connected with the outlet of the precision peristaltic pump through a pipeline.

In the above technical scheme, preferably, the sample cell is a cylinder, the top of the sample cell is concave, and the depression is 0.3 cm.

In the above technical solution, preferably, the outlet of the flow meter is connected to the exhaust gas collection bag.

In the above technical solution, preferably, the oven is provided with a heater, a refrigerator, and an illumination.

In the above technical solution, preferably, a drain valve is provided on the bottom drain line.

In the above technical solution, preferably, the constant temperature box can ensure a constant temperature of 25 ℃ during the test.

In the technical scheme, the flow meter is preferably a constant-pressure gas flow meter, the pressure in the test bottle is kept consistent during work, and the extremely small flow less than 0.01ml/min can be measured.

In the above technical solution, preferably, the sample cell is made of glass.

In order to solve the second problem, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: use of a device for testing the rate of gas evolution of a substance upon contact with water for the testing of the rate of gas evolution of a substance upon contact with water.

The invention mainly solves the problems that after the test is started, water is added into the experimental container and reacts with a sample, and the water continuously enters the experimental container in the period of time to cause the pressure in the container to change; due to the defects of the test method, the deflation rate recorded by the instrument at this time is not the rate of gas evolution due to the reaction of the substance with water, and the period of time just after the substance and the water start to contact is the most violent time period of the reaction, so the calculated maximum deflation rate is not accurate. Meanwhile, all gases generated in the whole test process are accurately recorded by adopting a novel flowmeter, and the maximum deflation rate can be automatically calculated. In addition, since the experimental standards specify that the test is to be carried out at 25 ℃, the existing equipment only controls the temperature of the test container part, and the components such as the gas pipeline, the water storage tank and the like are usually exposed to the room temperature environment, which is different from the temperature in the test container. After the test is started, water enters the test container to cause temperature change in the test container, and the time is required for balancing to 25 ℃, but the test is started at the moment, so that data errors are caused, and the device effectively solves the problem.

Because the initial time period of the contact reaction of the water and the test substance is the most violent reaction stage, the invention can effectively eliminate the influence of the change of factors such as air pressure in the container and the like on the air release amount and the air release rate caused by adding water in the reaction stage, and greatly improves the accuracy and precision of the test result. There is a certain demand for scientific research units engaged in research on chemical hazards, various institutions engaged in management and testing of hazardous chemicals, institutions requiring testing of outgassing rate of chemicals when encountering water, such as traffic inspection and safety supervision. As the management of dangerous chemicals in China becomes more and more standard and various testing means are gradually improved, the method has considerable application and popularization values in dangerous chemical engineering units and various chemical enterprises. According to the conditions of document retrieval and market investigation, no relevant mechanism in China develops the same type of test system according to the method described by the invention, and no commercialized water-encountering air release rate test system similar to the invention exists. After the device is designed and manufactured, the deflation rate in water of the substances such as mancozeb, ferrosilicon and the like is tested in sequence, the use condition of the device in the test is stable, and the deflation rate in water of the test sample can be conveniently and accurately tested; meanwhile, compared with the data of the existing water-meeting air release device using the pressure sensor method, the method can effectively remove the interference factors at the beginning stage of the test, so that the test data is more real and accurate, and a better technical effect is achieved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the apparatus of the present invention.

In fig. 1, C1 — oven heater; c2-incubator freezer; c3 — incubator lighting; c4-water bath heating plate; c5-overflow port of water bath; C6-Water bath Low level switch; c7- -Water bath Water temperature sensor; c8-water bath refrigerator; c9-water bath circulating water pump; c10 — pressure probe; c11-flow meter; c12 — water release valve; c13 — precision peristaltic pump; c14 — exhaust collection bag; c15 — test bottle; c16-water bath; c17 — sample cell.

The present invention will be further illustrated by the following examples, but is not limited to these examples.

Detailed Description

[ example 1 ]

A device for testing the gas velocity of a substance discharged when meeting water is mainly composed of a constant temperature box, a test bottle, a sample pool, a precise peristaltic pump, a flowmeter, a pressure detector and a water bath box, wherein the sample pool is placed at the bottom of the test bottle, the bottom of the test bottle is provided with a water inlet, the water inlet is connected with the outlet of the precise peristaltic pump through a pipeline, the opening of the test bottle is provided with a bottle plug, one end of an exhaust pipeline penetrates through the bottle plug and extends into the test bottle, the other end of the exhaust pipeline is connected with the inlet of the flowmeter, the pressure detector is arranged on the exhaust pipeline in front of the inlet of the flowmeter, the test bottle is placed in the water bath box, the water bath box is provided with auxiliary equipment comprising a heating sheet, an overflow port, a low water level; the test bottle, the exhaust pipeline, the sample pool, the outlet pipeline of the precision peristaltic pump, the flowmeter, the pressure detector, the water bath box and the accessory equipment thereof are all arranged in the constant temperature box.

The specific experimental process and method of the invention are referred to relevant contents in the 'recommendation about dangerous goods transportation-experimental manual' of the United nations for carrying out test experiments, and the maximum rate of gas release when meeting water is calculated according to the test data, so that the inflammable risk of the sample when meeting water is determined.