阅读说明：本技术 一种具有柔性减速功能的常闭式制动器 (Normally closed brake with flexible speed reduction function ) 是由 王晓华 于 2020-07-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及制动器技术领域,尤其是涉及一种具有柔性减速功能的常闭式制动器。制动器包括制动部、制动外壳、制动拉杆、制动弹簧、调节推杆、调节弹簧和施力装置。制动器的柔性减速功能由制动弹簧与调节弹簧联合实现,施力装置的施力端在伸缩过程中,能够对调节推杆施加的调节力进行调整,调节力施加到制动弹簧,减弱制动弹簧产生的制动力,制动弹簧所剩余的弹力,即为所要得到的制动力,这个过程可以根据实际情况随时改变,即为柔性制动力的形成过程。通过制动弹簧、调节弹簧和施力装置的配合使用,在制动过程中制动力可以任意(100％至0或0至100％)施加,实现所需要的减速效果,实现了柔性制动的效果,减少对运行系统的冲击。(The invention relates to the technical field of brakes, in particular to a normally closed brake with a flexible speed reduction function. The brake comprises a braking part, a braking shell, a braking pull rod, a braking spring, an adjusting push rod, an adjusting spring and a force application device. The flexible speed reduction function of the brake is realized by combining the brake spring and the adjusting spring, the force application end of the force application device can adjust the adjusting force applied by the adjusting push rod in the stretching process, the adjusting force is applied to the brake spring to weaken the braking force generated by the brake spring, the residual elastic force of the brake spring is the braking force to be obtained, and the process can be changed at any time according to the actual condition and is the forming process of the flexible braking force. Through the matching use of the braking spring, the adjusting spring and the force application device, the braking force can be applied randomly (100% to 0 or 0 to 100%) in the braking process, the required speed reduction effect is realized, the flexible braking effect is realized, and the impact on an operating system is reduced.)

1. A normally closed brake with flexible speed reduction function is characterized by comprising a braking part, a braking shell, a braking pull rod, a braking spring, an adjusting push rod, an adjusting spring and a force application device;

the brake pull rod is arranged in the brake shell, and the first end of the brake pull rod extends to the outer side of the brake shell and is connected with the brake part;

the brake spring is sleeved on the brake pull rod, one end of the brake spring is abutted against the inner wall of the shell, and the other end of the brake spring is abutted against a first side face of a second end of the brake pull rod;

the adjusting push rod is arranged in the brake shell and is coaxial with the brake pull rod;

the adjusting spring is arranged between the adjusting push rod and the brake pull rod, one end of the adjusting spring is abutted against the second side face of the second end of the brake pull rod, and the other end of the adjusting spring is abutted against the first end of the brake pull rod;

the second end of the adjusting push rod extends to the outer side of the brake shell and is arranged opposite to the force application end of the force application device, and the force application end can stretch along the axis direction of the adjusting push rod.

2. The normally closed brake with the flexible deceleration function according to claim 1, wherein the force applying device comprises a force applying housing and an electric push rod;

the electric push rod comprises a cylinder body and a lead screw;

the electric push rod is arranged in the force application shell, the cylinder body is rotationally connected with the force application shell, and the lead screw is a force application end of the force application device.

3. The normally closed brake with the flexible deceleration function according to claim 2, wherein said force applying means further comprises an electromagnet and a return spring;

the electromagnet and the return spring are symmetrically arranged;

the electromagnet is fixed in the force application shell, one end of the reset spring is connected with the force application shell, the other end of the reset spring is connected with the cylinder body, and the screw rod and the adjusting push rod are coaxially arranged through magnetic force generated by the electromagnet and elastic force of the reset spring.

4. The brake of claim 3, wherein a return guide wheel is disposed on one side of the end of the lead screw, and a return guide rail is disposed on the other side of the force application housing corresponding to the return guide wheel.

5. The normally closed brake with the flexible deceleration function according to claim 2, wherein the brake housing and the force application housing are fixedly connected;

the force application shell is provided with a through hole, an adjusting guide sleeve is arranged in the through hole, and the adjusting push rod penetrates through the adjusting guide sleeve and then extends into the force application shell.

6. The brake of the normally closed type with the flexible deceleration function according to claim 5, wherein a sensor is provided outside the through hole.

7. The brake of the normally closed type with the flexible deceleration function according to claim 2, wherein a working roller is provided at a tip end of the lead screw.

8. The normally closed brake with the flexible deceleration function according to claim 1, wherein the brake part comprises a triangular lever, a pull rod, a brake arm, a brake block, a brake wheel and a base;

each brake arm is rotatably connected with a brake block;

the two brake blocks are oppositely arranged, and the brake wheel is arranged between the two brake blocks;

the two brake arms are respectively a first brake arm and a second brake arm;

one end of the first brake arm is hinged with the base, and the other end of the first brake arm is hinged with the first end of the pull rod;

one end of the second brake arm is hinged with the base, and the other end of the second brake arm is hinged with the first corner of the triangular lever;

the second end of the pull rod is hinged with the second corner of the triangular lever;

and the third angle part of the triangular lever is hinged with the brake pull rod.

9. The normally closed brake with the flexible deceleration function according to claim 8, wherein the tie rod comprises a long tie rod, a short tie rod and an adjusting nut;

the long pull rod and the short pull rod are connected through an adjusting nut, the end portion of the long pull rod is hinged with the triangular lever, and the short pull rod is hinged with the first brake arm.

10. The brake of claim 8, wherein the force applying device is rotatably connected to the base.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of brakes, in particular to a normally closed brake with a flexible speed reduction function.

Background

Mechanical equipment such as various cranes, belt conveyors, ropeways, elevators and the like must be provided with a normally closed brake, which is one of the most critical safety protection components in a driving and even whole operation system. Once the normally closed brake fails, the running safety of mechanical equipment is seriously threatened, and even a malignant safety accident is caused.

Normally closed brakes on the market at present are usually caliper type, disc type or drum type brakes, and a motor is adopted to drive hydraulic oil or an electromagnet to be sucked, so that the acting force of a brake spring is counteracted, and the brake is started; after the motor or the electromagnet is powered off, the counteracting acting force disappears, and the brake is closed under the action of the brake spring. The problems with these two modes of operation: firstly, the braking moment is large, the braking time is short, and the braking deceleration cannot be effectively controlled; secondly, the flexible application of braking force (namely the braking force is from 0 to 100 percent or 100 percent to 0) in the braking process can not be realized, the impact on an operating system is large, the brake system can only be continuously switched on and off, and the impact generated by the large braking force is relieved; thirdly, in order to reduce the influence and impact of the braking force on a motion system, dangerous methods such as adjusting the acting force of a braking spring are often adopted, the braking efficiency of the brake is reduced, and the safe operation of equipment is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a normally closed brake with a flexible speed reduction function, which can solve the problem of large impact force in the braking process.

The invention provides a normally closed brake with a flexible speed reduction function, which comprises a braking part, a braking shell, a braking pull rod, a braking spring, an adjusting push rod, an adjusting spring and a force application device, wherein the braking part is arranged on the braking shell;

the brake pull rod is arranged in the brake shell, and the first end of the brake pull rod extends to the outer side of the brake shell and is connected with the brake part;

the brake spring is sleeved on the brake pull rod, one end of the brake spring is abutted against the inner wall of the shell, and the other end of the brake spring is abutted against a first side face of a second end of the brake pull rod;

the adjusting push rod is arranged in the brake shell and is coaxial with the brake pull rod;

the adjusting spring is arranged between the adjusting push rod and the brake pull rod, one end of the adjusting spring is abutted against the second side face of the second end of the brake pull rod, and the other end of the adjusting spring is abutted against the first end of the brake pull rod;

the second end of the adjusting push rod extends to the outer side of the brake shell and is arranged opposite to the force application end of the force application device, and the force application end can stretch along the axis direction of the adjusting push rod.

Preferably, the force application device comprises a force application shell and an electric push rod;

the electric push rod comprises a cylinder body and a lead screw;

the electric push rod is arranged in the force application shell, the cylinder body is rotationally connected with the force application shell, and the lead screw is a force application end of the force application device.

Preferably, the force application device further comprises an electromagnet and a return spring;

the electromagnet and the return spring are symmetrically arranged;

the electromagnet is fixed in the force application shell, one end of the reset spring is connected with the force application shell, the other end of the reset spring is connected with the cylinder body, and the screw rod and the adjusting push rod are coaxially arranged through magnetic force generated by the electromagnet and elastic force of the reset spring.

Preferably, one side of the end part of the screw rod is provided with a reset guide wheel, and one side of the force application shell corresponding to the reset guide wheel is also provided with a reset guide rail.

Preferably, the brake housing and the force application housing are fixedly connected;

the force application shell is provided with a through hole, an adjusting guide sleeve is arranged in the through hole, and the adjusting push rod penetrates through the adjusting guide sleeve and then extends into the force application shell.

Preferably, a sensor is arranged outside the through hole.

Preferably, the top end of the lead screw is provided with a working roller.

Preferably, the braking part comprises a triangular lever, a pull rod, a braking arm, a braking block, a braking wheel and a base;

each brake arm is rotatably connected with a brake block;

the two brake blocks are oppositely arranged, and the brake wheel is arranged between the two brake blocks;

the two brake arms are respectively a first brake arm and a second brake arm;

one end of the first brake arm is hinged with the base, and the other end of the first brake arm is hinged with the first end of the pull rod;

one end of the second brake arm is hinged with the base, and the other end of the second brake arm is hinged with the first corner of the triangular lever;

the second end of the pull rod is hinged with the second corner of the triangular lever;

and the third angle part of the triangular lever is hinged with the brake pull rod.

Preferably, the pull rod comprises a long pull rod, a short pull rod and an adjusting nut;

the long pull rod and the short pull rod are connected through an adjusting nut, the end portion of the long pull rod is hinged with the triangular lever, and the short pull rod is hinged with the first brake arm.

Preferably, the force application device is rotatably connected with the base.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the flexible speed reduction function of the brake is realized by combining the brake spring and the adjusting spring, the force application end of the force application device can adjust the adjusting force applied by the adjusting push rod in the stretching process, the adjusting force is applied to the brake spring to weaken the braking force generated by the brake spring, the residual elastic force of the brake spring is the braking force to be obtained, and the process can be changed at any time according to the actual condition and is the forming process of the flexible braking force. Through the matching use of the braking spring, the adjusting spring and the force application device, the braking force can be applied randomly (100% to 0 or 0 to 100%) in the braking process, the required speed reduction effect is realized, the flexible braking effect is realized, and the impact on an operating system is reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a normally closed brake with a flexible deceleration function according to an embodiment of the present invention (brake pads hug a brake wheel);

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a force applying device according to an embodiment of the present invention (the figure corresponds to a brake pad applying a partial braking force to a brake wheel);

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a quick braking state of the force application device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

1: brake spring, 2: brake pull rod, 3: triangular lever, 4: long pull rod, 5: adjusting nut, 6: short pull rod, 7: brake arm, 8: brake pad, 9 brake wheel, 10: electromagnet, 11: electric push rod, 12: work rollers, 13: adjusting push rod, 14: adjusting the guide sleeve and 15: adjusting a spring, 16: return spring, 17: reset guide wheel, 18: reset guide rail, 19: force application housing, 20: sensor, 21: a base.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise. Furthermore, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment provides a normally closed brake with a flexible deceleration function, which includes a brake part, a brake housing, a brake spring 1, a brake lever 2, an adjustment push rod 13, an adjustment spring 15, and a force applying device.

The brake pull rod 2 is arranged in the brake shell, and the first end of the brake pull rod 2 extends to the outer side of the brake shell 2 and is connected with the brake part.

The brake spring 1 is sleeved on the brake pull rod 2, one end of the brake spring 1 is abutted to the inner wall of the brake shell, and the other end of the brake spring 1 is abutted to the first side face of the second end of the brake pull rod 2.

The adjusting push rod 13 is arranged in the brake shell, and the adjusting push rod 13 and the brake pull rod 2 are coaxially arranged.

The adjusting spring 15 is arranged between the adjusting push rod 13 and the brake pull rod 2, one end of the adjusting spring 15 is abutted against the second side face of the second end of the brake pull rod 2, and the other end of the adjusting spring 15 is abutted against the first end of the brake pull rod 2.

The second end of the adjusting push rod 13 extends to the outer side of the brake shell and is arranged opposite to the force application end of the force application device, and the force application end can stretch along the axial direction of the adjusting push rod 13.

The flexible speed reduction function of the brake is realized by combining the brake spring 1 and the adjusting spring 15, the force application end of the force application device can adjust the adjusting force applied by the adjusting push rod 13 in the stretching process, the adjusting force is applied to the brake spring 1 to weaken the braking force generated by the brake spring 1, the residual elasticity of the brake spring 1 is the braking force to be obtained, and the process can be changed at any time according to the actual condition, namely the forming process of the flexible braking force. Through the matching use of the braking spring 1, the adjusting spring 15 and the force application device, the braking force can be applied randomly (100% to 0 or 0 to 100%) in the braking process, the required deceleration effect is realized, the flexible braking effect is realized, and the impact on an operating system is reduced.

In the embodiment, a specific structural form of the force application device is provided, mainly the electric push rod 11 is adopted, and of course, in the actual use process, any device capable of stretching, retracting, such as an oil cylinder, an air cylinder and the like can be adopted. The specific description is as follows:

the force application device comprises a force application shell 19 and an electric push rod 11, and the electric push rod 11 comprises a cylinder body and a lead screw.

The electric push rod 11 is arranged in the force application shell 19, the cylinder body is rotationally connected with the force application shell 19, and the lead screw is a force application end of the force application device.

By the operation of the electric push rod 11, the lead screw thereof can be extended and contracted and apply a force to the adjusting push rod 13.

The force applying means further comprises an electromagnet 10 and a return spring 16. The electromagnet 10 and the return spring 16 are symmetrically arranged, the electromagnet 10 is fixed in the force application shell 19, one end of the return spring 16 is connected with the force application shell 19, the other end of the return spring 16 is connected with the cylinder body, and the screw rod and the adjusting push rod 13 are coaxially arranged through magnetic force generated by the electromagnet 10 and elastic force of the return spring 16.

Through the setting of electro-magnet 10 and reset spring 16, when electro-magnet 10 circular telegram, can ensure under both combined action that the lead screw keeps and adjusts the coaxial setting of push rod 13, when electro-magnet 10 outage back, reset spring 16 acts on alone, makes the lead screw and adjusts push rod 13 and breaks away from, and the lead screw stops to adjusting push rod 13 and exert the effect of power, and the stopper can quick braking this moment.

A reset guide wheel 17 is arranged on one side of the end part of the screw rod, and a reset guide rail 18 is also arranged on one side of the force application shell corresponding to the reset guide wheel 17.

Through the arrangement of the reset guide wheel 17 and the reset guide rail 18, after the screw rod is separated from the adjusting push rod 13, the screw rod inclines to one side of the reset guide rail 18 under the action of the reset spring 16, and the reset guide wheel 17 is contacted with the reset guide rail 18 and moves along the reset guide rail 18.

The connection mode of the brake shell and the force application shell 19 is as follows:

the brake housing and the apply housing 19 are fixedly connected. Specifically, the brake housing is a hood-shaped structure having an opening at a lower end thereof. The apply housing 19 is of a rectangular configuration and the brake housing is disposed at the upper end of the apply housing 19.

The upper part of the force application shell 19 is provided with a through hole, an adjusting guide sleeve 14 is arranged in the through hole, and the adjusting push rod 13 penetrates through the adjusting guide sleeve 14 and then extends into the force application shell 19.

The sensor 20 is arranged outside the through hole. Specifically, when the adjustment rod 13 is moved downward, the upper end thereof triggers the sensor 20. Such as sensor 20 being a force sensor. When the brake pads 8 of the brake unit are worn, the detection value of the force sensor changes. The degree of wear of the brake pad 8 can be determined from the change in the detected value. Alternatively, when the brake pads 8 are worn to a certain extent, the adjusting push rod 13 contacts the sensor 20 and triggers the sensor 20, and when the sensor 20 is triggered, the brake pads 8 have reached the set amount of wear.

The top end of the screw is provided with a work roller 12. Through the arrangement of the working roller 12, when the electromagnet is powered off, the lead screw is convenient to deflect relative to the adjusting push rod 13 under the action of the return spring 16.

In addition, in order to improve the firmness of the attraction between the electromagnet 10 and the cylinder body, an iron plate is arranged on the cylinder body corresponding to the electromagnet.

In the embodiment, a specific structure of a braking part is also provided, and the braking part comprises a triangular lever 3, a pull rod, a braking arm 7, a braking block 8, a braking wheel 9 and a base 21.

A pair of brake arms 7 are provided on the base 21, and each brake arm 7 is rotatably connected with a brake block 8. The two brake blocks 8 are oppositely arranged, and the brake wheel 9 is arranged between the two brake blocks 8.

The two brake arms 7 are respectively a first brake arm and a second brake arm. One end of the first brake arm is hinged with the base 21, and the other end is hinged with the first end of the pull rod. One end of the second brake arm is hinged with the base 21, and the other end is hinged with the first corner of the triangular lever 3.

The second end of the pull rod is hinged with the second corner of the triangular lever 3, and the third corner of the triangular lever 3 is hinged with the brake pull rod 2.

The pull rod comprises a long pull rod 4, an adjusting nut 5 and a short pull rod 6, the long pull rod 4 is connected with the short pull rod 6 through the adjusting nut 6, the end part of the long pull rod 4 is hinged with the triangular lever 3, and the short pull rod 6 is hinged with the first brake arm.

By adjusting the distance between the long and short tie rods 4, 6, the braking force of the brake pads 8 can be adjusted.

In addition, the force application device is rotatably connected to the base 21.

In order to further explain the normally closed brake with the flexible deceleration function, the embodiment further provides a specific working process of the brake:

the process of realizing flexible braking by the brake comprises the following steps:

when the device is in a static state, the pretightening force of the brake spring 1 is transmitted to one of the brake arms 7 through the brake pull rod 2 and the triangular lever 3 and is applied to one of the brake blocks 8 and finally applied to one side of the brake wheel 9; the other path is transmitted to the other brake arm 7 through the long pull rod 4, the adjusting nut 5 and the short pull rod 6, is applied to the other brake block 8, and acts on the other side of the brake wheel 9 to jointly generate the required brake torque.

When the braking torque needs to be reduced, the electromagnet 10 is electrified for suction, the electric push rod 11 is electrified for positive rotation, the lead screw of the electric push rod 11 extends out, the working roller 12 upwards presses the adjusting push rod 13, and the adjusting push rod 13 compresses the adjusting spring 15. The adjusting spring 15 exerts a force on the brake pull rod 2 and the brake spring sleeved on the brake pull rod 2. The thrust generated by the adjusting spring 15 is proportional to the extension length of the electric push rod 11, the thrust generated by the adjusting spring 15 is subtracted from the braking force generated by the brake spring 1, and the rest of the force is the force generated by the brake pad 2 acting on the brake wheel 9. If the lead screw of the electric push rod 11 is continuously extended, the braking force applied to the brake wheel 9 is continuously reduced, and if the requirement is met, the electric push rod 11 (the lead screw of the electric push rod 11 has a self-locking function) is powered off; if the electric push rod 11 continues to rotate forwards, the braking force applied to the brake wheel 9 is continuously reduced until the braking force is zero, and the adjustment of the braking force from 100% to 0 is realized; if the electric push rod 11 continues to rotate forwards, the brake block 8 completely leaves the brake wheel 9, the electric push rod 11 extends out to reach the limit position, and the power-off and forward rotation functions are closed.

When the braking force needs to be increased, the electric push rod 11 rotates reversely, the screw rod contracts, after the screw rod leaves the extreme position, the brake block 8 contacts the brake wheel 11, the working roller 12 also contracts along with the contraction of the screw rod, the adjusting push rod 13 runs along with the working roller 12 under the combined action of the brake spring 1 and the adjusting spring 15, the thrust generated by the adjusting spring 15 is reduced, the brake spring 1 generates the action of increasing the braking force on the brake wheel 9, if the braking force does not reach the requirement, the electric push rod 11 can rotate forwards and adjust, and when the requirement is met, the electric push rod 11 is powered off. If the electric push rod 11 continues to reversely rotate, the braking force applied to the brake wheel 9 continues to increase until the maximum, and the adjustment of the braking force from 0 to 100 percent is realized; if the electric push rod 11 continuously rotates reversely, the electric push rod 11 contracts to reach the limit position, and the power-off and reverse rotation functions are closed.

The implementation mode of the rapid braking of the brake is as follows:

no matter the working state of the screw rod of the electric push rod 11 is stretching out, shrinking or stopping, when rapid braking is needed, the electromagnet 10 is powered off, the electric push rod 11 loses suction force, under the action of the reset spring 11, the dead weight, the adjusting spring 15 and the brake spring 1, the electric push rod 11 is rapidly pushed (pulled) away from the working position (namely, the screw rod is separated from the adjusting push rod 13), the reset guide wheel 17 stops on the reset guide rail 18, and rapid braking is completed under the elastic force action of the brake spring 1 and the adjusting spring 15. The electric push rod 11 rotates reversely, the screw rod contracts, the reset guide wheel 17 returns to the working position along the reset guide rail 17, the electric push rod 11 resets and stops contracting, and the reverse rotation function is closed.

The realization mode of the movable block abrasion monitoring function is as follows:

after the brake blocks (two blocks) 8 are worn, the wear loss is transmitted to the adjusting spring 15 and the adjusting push rod 13 through the brake arms (two blocks) 7, the short pull rod 6, the adjusting nut 5, the long pull rod 4, the triangular lever 3 and the brake pull rod 2 under the action of the brake spring 1; when the abrasion loss of the brake block 8 exceeds a specified value, the push rod 13 is adjusted to trigger the sensor 20, so that the abrasion loss of the brake block is monitored; the adjusting guide sleeve 14 is used for guiding the adjusting push rod 13 and adjusting the monitoring value of the abrasion loss of the brake block 8, specifically, the sensor 20 is arranged on the adjusting guide sleeve 14, the position of the sensor 20 can be changed by adjusting the position of the adjusting guide sleeve, and then the monitoring value of the abrasion loss of the brake block 8 can be adjusted.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.