3D glass, manufacturing method thereof, glass cover plate and electronic equipment
阅读说明：本技术 3d玻璃及其制作方法、玻璃盖板及电子设备 (3D glass, manufacturing method thereof, glass cover plate and electronic equipment ) 是由 黄茂昭 于 2019-03-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种3D玻璃及其制作方法、玻璃盖板及电子设备。3D玻璃的制作方法,包括如下步骤：提供模具,模具包括凹模及与凹模相适配的凸模,凹模具有微孔,凹模的内壁上具有预设的立体图案；将待加工玻璃置于凹模内,并使待加工玻璃与凹模共同形成腔体,将凸模置于待加工玻璃上；将凹膜中的待加工玻璃加热至成型温度,在成型温度下通过微孔对腔体进行抽真空处理以使凸模和凹模合模,以将立体图案转印至待加工玻璃上,得到3D玻璃,其中,成型温度大于或等于待加工玻璃的软化点温度。上述3D玻璃的制作方法制作的3D玻璃的模具印较轻且具有更加精细的立体图案。(The invention relates to 3D glass, a manufacturing method thereof, a glass cover plate and electronic equipment. The manufacturing method of the 3D glass comprises the following steps: providing a die, wherein the die comprises a female die and a male die matched with the female die, the female die is provided with micropores, and the inner wall of the female die is provided with a preset three-dimensional pattern; placing glass to be processed in a female die, enabling the glass to be processed and the female die to form a cavity together, and placing a male die on the glass to be processed; heating the glass to be processed in the concave film to a forming temperature, and vacuumizing the cavity through the micro holes at the forming temperature so as to enable the male die and the female die to be matched, so that the three-dimensional pattern is transferred to the glass to be processed, and obtaining the 3D glass, wherein the forming temperature is greater than or equal to the softening point temperature of the glass to be processed. The 3D glass die manufactured by the manufacturing method of the 3D glass has light printing and more fine three-dimensional patterns.)
1. The manufacturing method of the 3D glass is characterized by comprising the following steps:
providing a die, wherein the die comprises a female die and a male die matched with the female die, the female die is provided with micropores, and the inner wall of the female die is provided with a preset three-dimensional pattern;
placing glass to be processed in the female die, enabling the glass to be processed and the female die to form a cavity together, and placing the male die on the glass to be processed;
heating the glass to be processed in the concave film to a molding temperature, and vacuumizing the cavity through the micro holes at the molding temperature to enable the male die and the female die to be matched, so that the three-dimensional pattern is transferred to the glass to be processed, and the 3D glass is obtained, wherein the molding temperature is higher than or equal to the softening point temperature of the glass to be processed.
2. The method for manufacturing 3D glass according to claim 1, wherein the difference between the thermal expansion coefficient of the concave die and the thermal expansion coefficient of the glass to be processed is 2 × 10-6Below/° c, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the male mold differs from the coefficient of thermal expansion of the glass to be processed by 2 × 10-6Below/° c;
and/or the porosity of the female die is 12-18%;
and/or the difference between the forming temperature and the softening point temperature of the glass to be processed is less than 100 ℃;
and/or in the step of vacuumizing the cavity through the micropores at the forming temperature, the vacuum degree of the cavity is kept to be 0.1 × 10-8MPa～1×10-8MPa。
3. The method for manufacturing 3D glass according to claim 1, wherein the concave mold is made of gas-permeable graphite, and the step of heating the glass to be processed in the concave mold to a molding temperature and the step of vacuumizing the cavity are both performed in an atmosphere of protective gas.
4. The method for producing 3D glass according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the glass to be processed is aluminosilicate glass.
5. The method for making 3D glass according to claim 4, wherein the step of heating the glass to be processed in the concave film to a forming temperature comprises: heating the glass to be processed to 300-400 ℃, heating for 60-90 seconds, then continuously heating to 500-600 ℃, heating for 60-90 seconds, and then continuously heating to the molding temperature;
and/or the softening point temperature of the glass to be processed is 700-800 ℃, and the molding temperature is 800-850 ℃;
and/or the thermal expansion coefficient of the concave die is 5 × 10-6/℃～8×10-6/° C, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the male die is 5 × 10-6/℃～8×10-6/℃；
And/or after the step of vacuumizing the cavity through the micro-holes at the molding temperature, the method further comprises the step of annealing, and the step of annealing comprises the following steps: the temperature is reduced to 500-600 ℃ from the molding temperature within 60-90 seconds, and then is reduced to 25-80 ℃ from 500-600 ℃ within 120-180 seconds.
6. A3D glass, characterized in that the 3D glass is prepared by the method for manufacturing the 3D glass according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. The 3D glass of claim 6, wherein the 3D glass has a surface with a curved surface portion having a radius of curvature of 0.5 mm or greater.
8. The 3D glass of claim 7, wherein the curved surface portion comprises at least four planar elements that are joined to one another.
9. A glass cover plate, characterized by being processed from the 3D glass according to any one of claims 6 to 8.
10. An electronic device comprising the glass cover plate according to claim 9.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of glass processing, in particular to 3D glass, a manufacturing method thereof, a glass cover plate and electronic equipment.
Background
With the continuous development of science and technology, the mobile phones are updated more and more quickly, and consumers tend to pursue more creative, fresher and more attractive mobile phone products with higher appearance expressive force. At present, glass shells limited by various technologies in the market and having stable and reliable mass production are generally manufactured into curved surface shapes with the curved surfaces connected with the planes in a hot-press forming mode, and have homogenization tendency. Because the glass is softened at high temperature and the concave-convex state of the surface of the mold is transferred when the glass is extruded by the mold, namely the mold mark, and the polishing is difficult to remove when the mold mark is serious, the forming temperature of the hot-press forming technology is generally limited below the softening point temperature of the glass, so that the hot-press forming can only be used for forming curved surfaces with the curvature radius larger than 3mm, and the forming of the glass with finer three-dimensional patterns is difficult to realize.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on this, it is necessary to provide a method for manufacturing 3D glass with lighter mold printing and finer three-dimensional pattern.
A manufacturing method of 3D glass comprises the following steps:
providing a die, wherein the die comprises a female die and a male die matched with the female die, the female die is provided with micropores, and the inner wall of the female die is provided with a preset three-dimensional pattern;
placing glass to be processed in the female die, enabling the glass to be processed and the female die to form a cavity together, and placing the male die on the glass to be processed;
heating the glass to be processed in the concave film to a molding temperature, and vacuumizing the cavity through the micro holes at the molding temperature to enable the male die and the female die to be matched, so that the three-dimensional pattern is transferred to the glass to be processed, and the 3D glass is obtained, wherein the molding temperature is higher than or equal to the softening point temperature of the glass to be processed.
The manufacturing method of the 3D glass adopts the female die with the micropores, so that the cavity formed by the glass to be processed and the female die together can be directly vacuumized at the outer side of the female die through the micropores, the micropores can not influence the forming of the glass to be processed in the female die, the vacuumizing treatment is carried out on the cavity at the forming temperature, so that the pressure difference is formed between the cavity and the outside, the vacuumizing process is carried out at the forming temperature which is higher than or equal to the softening point temperature of the glass to be processed, the glass to be processed has better fluidity at the temperature, so that the melted glass to be processed can be in close contact with the inner wall of the female die under the vacuumizing action, so as to conform to the inner wall of the die to transfer the finer three-dimensional pattern of the inner wall of the die, the die is matched with the female die by the vacuumizing treatment, and the transfer printing of the three-dimensional pattern is realized under the limit action of the male die, in the process of closing the male die and the female die, no pressure is applied to the male die, and compared with the traditional mode of directly applying external force to the die for closing the die, the die formed on the glass by the manufacturing method is light in print and easy to polish and remove.
In one embodiment, the difference between the thermal expansion coefficient of the female die and the thermal expansion coefficient of the glass to be processed is 2 × 10-6Below/° c, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the male mold differs from the coefficient of thermal expansion of the glass to be processed by 2 × 10-6Below/° c;
and/or the porosity of the female die is 12-18%;
and/or the difference between the forming temperature and the softening point temperature of the glass to be processed is less than 100 ℃;
and/or in the step of vacuumizing the cavity through the micropores at the forming temperature, the vacuum degree of the cavity is kept to be 0.1 × 10-8MPa～1×10-8MPa。
In one embodiment, the concave mold is made of gas-permeable graphite, and the step of heating the glass to be processed in the concave film to a molding temperature and the step of vacuumizing the cavity are both performed in an atmosphere of protective gas.
In one embodiment, the glass to be processed is an aluminosilicate glass.
In one embodiment, the step of heating the glass to be processed in the concave film to a forming temperature comprises: heating the glass to be processed to 300-400 ℃, heating for 60-90 seconds, then continuously heating to 500-600 ℃, heating for 60-90 seconds, and then continuously heating to the molding temperature;
and/or the softening point temperature of the glass to be processed is 700-800 ℃, and the molding temperature is 800-850 ℃;
and/or the thermal expansion coefficient of the concave die is 5 × 10-6/℃～8×10-6/° C, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the male die is 5 × 10-6/℃～8×10-6/℃；
And/or after the step of vacuumizing the cavity through the micro-holes at the molding temperature, the method further comprises the step of annealing, and the step of annealing comprises the following steps: the temperature is reduced to 500-600 ℃ from the molding temperature within 60-90 seconds, and then is reduced to 25-80 ℃ from 500-600 ℃ within 120-180 seconds.
The 3D glass is prepared by the manufacturing method of the 3D glass. The mold of the 3D glass is light in print and easy to polish and remove, and the 3D glass has fine three-dimensional patterns.
In one embodiment, the 3D glass has a surface with a curved surface portion having a radius of curvature of 0.5 mm or more.
In one embodiment, the curved surface portion includes at least four planar elements that are joined to one another.
A glass cover plate is obtained by processing the 3D glass. The glass cover plate has a fine three-dimensional pattern.
An electronic device comprises the glass cover plate. The glass cover plate of the electronic equipment has fine three-dimensional patterns, so that the electronic equipment has better appearance expressive force.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method of manufacturing 3D glass according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the 3D glass in the method of making the 3D glass shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of one arrangement mode of the female die, the glass to be processed and the male die in step S120 of the method for manufacturing the 3D glass shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a clamped state of a male mold and a female mold in step S130 of the method for manufacturing the 3D glass shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a 3D glass according to an embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of another angle structure of the 3D glass shown in FIG. 5;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of another angle of the 3D glass shown in fig. 5.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, e.g., "a scheme, including feature a; and/or, feature B; and/or, feature C ", which includes the following situations: "type 1: a solution, comprising feature a. The 2 nd: a scheme comprising feature B. And (3) type: a solution, comprising feature C. And 4, the method comprises the following steps: a scheme comprising feature a; and (5) feature B. And (5) the following steps: a scheme comprising feature a; and (5) feature C. The 6 th: a scheme comprising feature B; and (5) feature C. And 7, the following steps: a scheme comprising feature a; a feature B; and (5) feature C. "
As shown in fig. 1, the method for manufacturing 3D glass according to an embodiment can process glass to be processed, for example, flat glass (2D), into 3D glass having a three-dimensional pattern. The method can manufacture glass with a curved surface part with a curvature radius of more than 0.5 mm, and is particularly suitable for manufacturing glass with a curved surface part with a curvature radius of more than 0.5 mm and less than 3 mm. For example, glass having a texture similar to a diamond structure, such as the 3D glass shown in fig. 5-7. The radius of curvature referred to herein refers to the radius of curvature of the corner connecting two faces, and as shown in fig. 2, a cross-sectional view of one curved surface portion of the 3D glass, the radius of curvature of the corner R is the radius of curvature of the curved surface portion, that is, the radius of curvature of the corner R is 0.5 mm or more and less than 3 mm. The manufacturing method of the 3D glass comprises the following steps:
step S110: and providing a die, wherein the die comprises a female die and a male die matched with the female die, the female die is provided with micropores, and the inner wall of the female die is provided with a preset three-dimensional pattern.
Wherein microporous means pores having a pore size of less than 1 micron.
Specifically, the difference between the thermal expansion coefficient of the concave die and the thermal expansion coefficient of the glass to be processed is 2 × 10-6The difference between the thermal expansion coefficient of the male die and the thermal expansion coefficient of the glass to be processed is 2 × 10-6Below/° c. If the difference between the thermal expansion coefficient of the mold and the thermal expansion coefficient of the glass to be processed is too large, the formed glass is easy to deform, and the appearance structure of the glass is influenced.
Specifically, the female die is made of a microporous material. In one embodiment, the female mold is made of gas permeable graphite. The gas-permeable graphite not only has a thermal expansion coefficient which is relatively close to that of glass, but also has micropores and proper porosity and strength so as to facilitate the subsequent vacuum-pumping treatment.
It should be noted that the material of the concave die is not limited to air-permeable graphite, and the material of the concave die may be other microscopic materials, but in order to ensure that the formed glass has a better appearance structure and to take into consideration subsequent vacuum-pumping treatment, production efficiency, and the like, the material of the concave die preferably has a thermal expansion coefficient closer to that of the glass to be processed, and an appropriate porosity and strength.
Specifically, the porosity of the concave die is 12% to 18%. The small porosity can lead to slow follow-up vacuumizing rate, insufficient vacuum degree in a follow-up cavity, increase forming time and reduce production efficiency, and the too large porosity can influence the strength of a die, the smoothness of the inner surface of a female die and the like, so that the surface quality of the formed glass is influenced.
In one embodiment, the male mold is made of gas permeable graphite. It should be noted that the material of the male mold is not limited to the air-permeable graphite, the material of the male mold may be the same as or different from the material of the female mold, and in order to ensure that the molded 3D glass has a better appearance structure and thus production efficiency, the material of the female mold preferably has a thermal expansion coefficient and a suitable strength that are closer to those of the glass to be processed.
Specifically, the preset solid pattern has a curved surface portion having a radius of curvature of 0.5 mm or more. Since the pattern on the 3D glass is transferred from the predetermined three-dimensional pattern on the concave mold, it is necessary to obtain glass having a curved surface portion with a radius of curvature of 0.5 mm or more, and the radius of curvature of the curved surface portion of the three-dimensional pattern on the inner wall of the concave mold needs to be 0.5 mm or more. In one embodiment, the 3D glass has a diamond texture as shown in fig. 5 to 7, and accordingly, the curved surface portion of the predetermined three-dimensional pattern on the inner wall of the female mold includes at least four planar units which are spliced with each other. In this case, the number of the planar units may be selected according to the requirement of the required 3D glass, or the curved surface portion may be configured like a circular truncated cone, like a truncated pyramid, or the like.
Step S120: and placing the glass to be processed in the female die, enabling the glass to be processed and the female die to form a cavity together, and placing the male die on the glass to be processed.
As shown in fig. 3, fig. 3 shows an embodiment in which the glass 20 to be processed is provided in the concave mold 10 and the convex mold 30 is placed on the glass 20 to be processed. The die 10 has a bottom wall 12 and an opening 14 opposite to the bottom wall 12, and the glass 20 to be processed is covered at the opening 14. The glass 20 to be processed is planar glass, and the cavity 40 is formed by the glass 20 to be processed and the female die 10.
In one embodiment, the glass to be processed is aluminosilicate glass or soda-lime glass, and the glass to be processed has better strength, wear resistance and the like, and can be used as cover glass of electronic equipment. Furthermore, the glass to be processed is aluminosilicate glass which has better strength and wear resistance than soda-lime glass, and the aluminosilicate glass can be manufactured by an overflow method and has better surface state and optical performance. The glass to be processed is not limited to the above glass, and the material of the glass to be processed can be selected according to the application field of the 3D glass.
If the glass to be processed is an aluminosilicate glass, the thermal expansion coefficient of the aluminosilicate glass is generally 7 × 10-6About/° c, and thus, in one embodiment, the coefficient of thermal expansion of both the female and male molds is 5 × 10-6/℃～8×10-6/℃。
Specifically, before the step of placing the glass to be processed in the female die, the method further comprises the step of processing the glass to be processed into a plane structure by adopting CNC. It is understood that if the glass to be processed is a planar structure, the step can be omitted; the glass to be processed is not limited to be processed into a plane structure, and the structure of the glass to be processed can be processed according to the requirement.
Step S130: and heating the glass to be processed in the concave film to a forming temperature, and vacuumizing the cavity through the micro holes at the forming temperature so as to enable the male die and the female die to be matched, so that the three-dimensional pattern is transferred to the glass to be processed, and the 3D glass is obtained.
Wherein the molding temperature is greater than or equal to the softening point temperature of the glass to be processed. The cavity is vacuumized through the micro-holes so that pressure difference is formed between the cavity and the outside, and the vacuumization process is performed at the forming temperature which is higher than or equal to the softening point temperature of the glass to be processed, so that the glass to be processed has better fluidity at the forming temperature, the glass to be processed can be in close contact with the inner wall of the female die under the vacuumizing action after being melted, and the fine three-dimensional patterns on the inner surface of the die can be transferred and printed by following the inner wall of the die. And the male die and the female die are matched with each other while vacuumizing, and the transfer printing of the three-dimensional pattern is realized under the limiting action of the male die, namely, no pressure is applied to the male die in the matching process of the male die and the female die, and the male die is matched with the female die by means of vacuumizing.
Specifically, the forming temperature is different from the softening point temperature of the glass to be processed by less than 100 ℃. If the forming temperature is too high, the glass is too soft, and the mould printing is serious after forming. If the glass to be processed is aluminosilicate glass, in one embodiment, the glass to be processed has a softening point temperature of 700 ℃ to 800 ℃ and a forming temperature of 800 ℃ to 850 ℃.
If the glass to be processed is an aluminosilicate glass, in one embodiment, the step of heating the glass to be processed in the recessed film to a forming temperature comprises: heating the glass to be processed to 300-400 ℃, heating for 60-90 seconds, then continuously heating to 500-600 ℃, heating for 60-90 seconds, and then continuously heating to the molding temperature, namely heating the glass to be processed to 300-400 ℃, heating for 60-90 seconds at 300-400 ℃, then continuously heating to 500-600 ℃, heating for 60-90 seconds at 500-600 ℃, and then continuously heating to the molding temperature, so that the defective rate can be reduced, and the yield can be improved.
Specifically, the step of performing vacuum-pumping treatment on the cavity specifically comprises: and vacuumizing the cavity from the outer surface of the female die so that the molten glass to be processed is in close contact with the inner wall of the female die. More specifically, the cavity is evacuated from the outside of the bottom wall of the female die.
As shown in fig. 4, fig. 4 shows an embodiment in which the male mold 30 and the female mold 10 are clamped. At this time, the glass 20 to be processed is molded and is positioned between the male mold 30 and the female mold 10.
Specifically, in the step of vacuumizing the chamber, the vacuum degree of the chamber is maintained at 0.1 × 10-8MPa～1×10-8MPa. The vacuum degree directly corresponds to the thermal adsorption force, and if the vacuum degree is too small, the adsorption force is small, the glass cannot completely conform to the shape of the mold, and the molding is incomplete; the vacuum degree is large, the adsorption force is too large, and the die mark is serious. The time of the vacuum-pumping treatment is 60 seconds to 90 seconds.
Specifically, after step S130, an annealing step is further included. If the glass to be processed is an aluminosilicate glass, in one embodiment, the annealing step comprises: the temperature is reduced to 500-600 ℃ from the forming temperature for 60-90 seconds, then the temperature is reduced to 25-80 ℃ from 500-600 ℃ for 120-180 seconds, and the stress is released through the annealing treatment, so that the defective rate is reduced, and the yield is improved.
When the female die is made of the breathable graphite, the step of heating the glass to be processed in the female die to the forming temperature, the step of vacuumizing the cavity and the step of annealing are all carried out in the atmosphere of protective gas so as to prevent the die from being oxidized at high temperature. That is, the steps from the start of the heat treatment to the annealing treatment of the glass to be processed are performed under the atmosphere of the protective gas. Specifically, the protective gas is nitrogen, argon, or the like. Furthermore, the protective gas is nitrogen, and the nitrogen is lower in price compared with argon, so that the production cost is reduced. The material of the mold is not oxidized in air, and the heating step, the vacuum-pumping step, and the annealing step may be performed in an air atmosphere instead of the protective gas atmosphere.
The manufacturing method of the 3D glass at least has the following advantages:
by adopting the female die with the micropores, the cavity formed by the glass to be processed and the female die can be directly vacuumized at the outer side of the female die through the micropores, the micropores can not influence the forming of the glass to be processed in the female die, the vacuumizing treatment is carried out on the cavity at the forming temperature, so that the pressure difference is formed between the cavity and the outside, the vacuumizing process is carried out at the forming temperature which is higher than or equal to the softening point temperature of the glass to be processed, the glass to be processed has better fluidity at the temperature, so that the melted glass to be processed can be in close contact with the inner wall of the female die under the vacuumizing action to conform to the inner wall of the die to transfer a finer three-dimensional pattern of the inner wall of the die, the male die is matched with the female die by virtue of the vacuumizing treatment, the transfer printing of the three-dimensional pattern is realized under the limiting action of the male die, namely the matching process of the male die and the female die, the convex die is not stressed, and compared with the traditional mode of directly applying external force to the die for die assembly, the die print formed on the glass by the manufacturing method is lighter and is easier to polish and remove.
As shown in fig. 5, the
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, in one embodiment, the
The
An electronic device of an embodiment includes a glass cover plate, and the glass cover plate is processed from the 3D glass. The electronic device is a mobile phone, a tablet computer and the like. The processing method is at least one selected from polishing treatment, chemical strengthening, logo printing, film coating and ink spraying.
When the 3D glass is processed into the glass cover plate for use, one side with the curved surface part is the outer side. The glass cover plate has finer three-dimensional patterns, so that the electronic equipment has better appearance expressive force.
It is understood that the 3D glass is not limited to be used as a glass cover plate, and may be used as other decorative glass.
The following examples are given as examples of the following embodiments (the following examples are all made of 3D glass having a curved surface portion with a diamond texture pattern, the radius of curvature of the curved surface portion is 0.5 mm or more and less than 3mm, the following examples are made of aluminosilicate glass as glass to be processed, and the mold material is air-permeable graphite, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples):
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