阅读说明：本技术 一种水下捷联式重力测量数据处理方法 (Underwater strapdown gravity measurement data processing method ) 是由 蔡体菁 吴黎明 于 2020-07-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种水下捷联式重力测量数据处理方法,包括对激光陀螺单轴旋转捷联惯性导航系统的位置进行误差估计与补偿,再经低通滤波器,得到准确的位置；以新的准确位置和计程仪的速度和深度计的水深作为捷联式重力仪的外观测量,应用扩展卡尔曼滤波,计算出当地地理坐标系下的加速度计比力值；经重力各项改正后,用正反综合卡尔曼滤波,得到当地重力异常值。本发明提供的一种水下捷联式重力测量数据处理方法,能够满足水下长时间、高精度、低成本的捷联式重力测量需求。(The invention discloses an underwater strapdown gravity measurement data processing method, which comprises the steps of carrying out error estimation and compensation on the position of a laser gyro single-axis rotation strapdown inertial navigation system, and obtaining an accurate position through a low-pass filter; taking the new accurate position, the speed of the log and the water depth of the depth meter as external observation quantities of the strapdown gravimeter, and calculating an accelerometer ratio value under a local geographic coordinate system by applying extended Kalman filtering; and after various corrections of gravity, using positive and negative integrated Kalman filtering to obtain a local gravity abnormal value. The underwater strapdown gravity measurement data processing method provided by the invention can meet the requirements of underwater strapdown gravity measurement on long time, high precision and low cost.)

1. An underwater strapdown gravity measurement data processing method is characterized by comprising the following specific steps: estimating the position error of the laser gyro single-axis rotation strapdown inertial navigation system by using extended Kalman filtering according to the speed of the log, compensating the position error, and obtaining an accurate position by using a low-pass filter; taking the new accurate position, the speed of the log and the water depth of the depth meter as external observation quantities of the strapdown gravimeter, and calculating an accelerometer ratio value under a local geographic coordinate system by applying extended Kalman filtering; and after various corrections of gravity, using positive and negative integrated Kalman filtering to obtain a local gravity abnormal value.

2. The underwater strapdown gravity measurement data processing method according to claim 1, wherein the gravity corrections are an ertfe correction, a normal gravity field correction, a spatial position correction, a horizontal acceleration correction, and a gravimeter null shift correction.

3. The underwater strapdown gravity measurement data processing method according to claim 1, wherein the low pass filter is a positive and negative Hanning window FIR low pass filter.

Technical Field

The invention relates to an underwater strapdown gravity measurement data processing method, and belongs to the field of gravity measurement.

Background

The underwater gravity measurement has important significance for national economic development and national defense construction. Accurate underwater positioning information is needed for underwater long-time large-range movable gravity measurement. With the development of science and technology, the laser gyro single-axis rotation strapdown inertial navigation system can provide high-precision underwater positioning information for a long time by depending on external information. The invention provides an underwater strapdown gravity measurement data processing method, which aims at an underwater strapdown gravity measurement system consisting of a laser gyro single-shaft rotation strapdown inertial navigation system, a log, a depth meter and a strapdown gravity meter and can meet the requirements of underwater long-time, high-precision and low-cost strapdown gravity measurement.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to meet the requirements of underwater strapdown gravity measurement for a long time, high precision and low cost.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: estimating the position error of the laser gyro single-axis rotation strapdown inertial navigation system by using extended Kalman filtering according to the speed of the log, then compensating the position error, and obtaining the accurate position by using a low-pass filter; taking the new accurate position, the velocity of the log and the water depth of the depth meter as external observation quantities of the strapdown gravimeter, and applying a strapdown navigation algorithm and extended Kalman filtering to obtain an accelerometer specific force value under a local geographic coordinate system; after various corrections of gravity, a positive and negative comprehensive Kalman filtering is used to obtain a local gravity abnormal value.

The gravity correction of the invention is Hertefis correction, normal gravity field correction, spatial position correction, horizontal acceleration correction and gravimeter null shift correction.

The low-pass filter described for the present invention is a positive and negative hanning window FIR low-pass filter.

Has the advantages that:

the underwater strapdown gravity measurement data processing method provided by the invention can meet the requirements of underwater strapdown gravity measurement on long time, high precision and low cost.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an underwater strapdown gravity measurement data processing method of the invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.

For an underwater strapdown gravity measurement system consisting of the laser gyro single-shaft rotating strapdown inertial navigation system, the log, the depth gauge and the strapdown gravimeter, the measurement point position of the underwater strapdown gravimeter is provided by the laser gyro single-shaft rotating strapdown inertial navigation system/log combination system.

The extended Kalman filter state equation of the combined system is

Wherein, X_kIs the system state vector, phi_k+1/kIs a matrix of state transitions that is,_k+1is the noise transfer matrix of the system, W_KIs a noise matrix. The state vector is

Wherein, V_E，V_NEast and north speed and error, L, lambda longitude and latitude error,are respectively 3 error angles, G of the strapdown inertial navigation mathematical platform_x，G_yAnd G_zZero drift, A, for the X, Y, Z axes of the gyroscope, respectively_x，A_yZero offset for the X and Y axes of the accelerometer, v_EV and v_NFor east and north ocean current errors of the log, the W noise matrix consists of white noise from the gyroscope and accelerometer:

W＝[w_gx,w_gy,w_gz,w_ax,w_ay]^T(3)

state transition matrix:

Φ_k+1/k≈E_n+F_k·Δt (4)

wherein E is_nIs an identity matrix, F_kIs a matrix of combined system error equations, F ═ F_i,j],i,j＝1,…14，f_i,jThe non-zero terms are: f. of_1,7＝n_N；f_1,11＝c11；f_1,12＝c12；f_1,13＝c13；f_2,7＝-f_1,6＝n_h；f_2,7＝-n_E；

f_2,11＝c21；f_2,12＝c22；f_2,13＝c23；

f_5,7＝-f_7,5＝-ω_N,f_5,8＝c11；f_5,9＝c12；f_5,10＝c13。

f_6,7＝-f_7,6＝ω_E,f_6,3＝-UsinL；f_6,8＝c21；f_6,9＝c22；f_6,10＝c23；

f_7,8＝c31,f_7,9＝c32,f_7,10＝c33；

c_ijIs an attitude matrix element, U is the angular rate of rotation of the earth, n_E,n_N,n_hThe specific force of the accelerometer in the northeast direction is respectively.

The extended Kalman filter observation equation of the combined system is

Z_k+1＝H_k+1X_k+1+V_k+1(5)

Wherein Z_k+1Is an observation vector, H_k+1Is an observation matrix, V_k+1The noise matrix is observed, specifically as follows:

wherein V_EAnd V_NEast and north velocities, V, respectively, obtained from a laser gyro single-axis rotation strapdown inertial navigation system_E,LAnd V_N,LIs the east and north speed output by the log, and the observation matrix H_k+1＝[h_i,j]i 1,2, j 1, … 14The non-zero terms are: h is_1,1＝1，h_1,7＝-V_N，h_1,13＝-1，h_2,2＝1，h_2,7＝V_E，h_2,14＝-1。

And estimating the position error of the laser gyro single-axis rotation strapdown inertial navigation system through the extended Kalman filtering, and compensating the position error. And then using a positive and negative Hanning window FIR low-pass filter to eliminate oscillation and obtain an accurate position.

Calculating according to the angular velocity output by the gyroscope and the specific force output by the accelerometer of the underwater strapdown gravity meter by using a strapdown navigation algorithm to obtain the position, the velocity and the attitude angle of the strapdown gravity meter; and taking the position information provided by the combined system, the speed information provided by the log and the water depth information provided by the depth meter as observed quantities of the underwater strapdown gravimeter, and calculating the attitude angle of the strapdown gravimeter and the specific force on a local geographical coordinate system by applying extended Kalman filtering.

The extended Kalman filtering state equation of the strapdown gravimeter/log/depth meter combined system has the same form as the equation (1), but the state vector is

Wherein, V_UPIs the error of the speed in the direction of the sky, h is the error of the depth, A_zFor zero offset of the accelerometer Z-axis, the other physical quantities are explained above. W noise matrix of

W＝[w_gx,w_gy,w_gz,w_ax,w_ay,w_az]^T(8)

F＝[f_i,j],i,j＝1,…17，f_i,jThe non-zero terms are:

f_1,9＝n_N；f_1,13＝c11；f_1,14＝c12；f_1,15＝c13；f_2,7＝-f_1,8＝n_h；f_3,8＝-f_2,9＝n_E；

f_2,13＝c21；f_2,14＝c22；f_2,15＝c23；f_3,13＝c31；f_3,14＝c32；f_3,15＝c33；

f_6,3＝1；f_7,9＝-f_9,7＝-ω_N,

f_8,9＝-f_9,8＝ω_E,

f_8,4＝-UsinL；f_8,10＝c21；f_8,11＝c22；f_8,12＝c23；

f_9,10＝c31,f_9,11＝c32,f_9,12＝c33；f_7,10＝c11；f_7,11＝c12；f_7,12＝c13。

the physical quantities are explained above.

The extended Kalman filtering observation equation of the strapdown gravimeter/log/depth meter combined system has the same form as equation (5), but the observation vector is

Wherein, V_E,IAnd V_N,IEast and north velocities, V, respectively, calculated by a strapdown gravimeter_E,LAnd V_N,LEast and north speed, L, of log output_I，λ_IAnd h_IRespectively longitude, latitude and depth, L, calculated by a strapdown gravimeter_LGAnd λ_LGIs given by a combined systemDegree and latitude, h_DIs the depth of the depth gauge output.

Observation matrix H_k+1＝[h_i,j]The non-zero term in i-1, … 5, j-1, … 17 is: h is_1,1＝h_2,2＝1，h_1,9＝-V_Nh_1,16＝-1，h_2,9＝V_E，h_2,17＝-1，h_3,4＝h_4,5＝h_5,6＝1。

And performing gravity correction on the vertical specific force in the local geographic coordinate system, such as Hertefsh correction, normal gravity field correction, spatial position correction, horizontal acceleration correction and gravimeter null shift correction.

And obtaining the local gravity anomaly by positive and negative comprehensive Kalman filtering according to the vertical specific force after gravity correction.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the invention described in this specification is not particularly limited to the embodiments described in the specification, and that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and equivalents can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and it is intended that all such modifications and equivalents fall within the scope of the invention as defined in the claims.