阅读说明：本技术 无纺布过滤效率优化方法及优化装置 (Non-woven fabric filtering efficiency optimization method and optimization device ) 是由 张文芳 于 2020-08-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种无纺布过滤效率优化方法及优化装置,纺丝料由旋杯静电喷丝系统的雾化喷杯雾化成微纳丝后由风刀将雾化的纺丝料微纳丝二次分配至待喷丝无纺布上。优化装置包括旋杯静电喷丝系统和旋风系统,旋风系统包括抽风箱体和风刀,抽风箱体与待喷丝无纺布分别置于传送网带的两侧；风刀位于雾化旋杯和待喷丝无纺布之间。本发明将旋杯静电喷丝系统与旋风系统结合使用,风刀设于雾化喷杯与待喷丝无纺布之间,风刀的出气孔设计为螺旋形排列,通过调节风量形成旋风,从而将雾化的微丝二次分配,均匀的吹到无纺布上,防止落到无纺布的外围造成原料浪费,通过微丝将无纺布的微孔交织成更细的网,有效截留了大于0.3um的气溶胶,提高无纺布尤其是熔喷无纺布的过滤效率。(The invention provides a method and a device for optimizing the filtration efficiency of non-woven fabrics. The optimization device comprises a spinning cup electrostatic spinning system and a cyclone system, wherein the cyclone system comprises an air suction box body and an air knife, and the air suction box body and the non-woven fabric to be spun are respectively arranged at two sides of the conveying mesh belt; the air knife is positioned between the atomizing spinning cup and the non-woven fabric to be spun. The invention combines the spinning cup electrostatic spinning system and the cyclone system, the air knife is arranged between the atomizing spinning cup and the non-woven fabric to be spun, the air outlet holes of the air knife are designed to be spirally arranged, and the cyclone is formed by adjusting the air quantity, so that the atomized microfilaments are secondarily distributed and uniformly blown onto the non-woven fabric, the raw material waste caused by the falling of the atomized microfilaments on the periphery of the non-woven fabric is prevented, the micropores of the non-woven fabric are interwoven into a thinner net through the microfilaments, the aerosol with the diameter of more than 0.3um is effectively intercepted, and the filtration efficiency of the non-woven fabric, especially the melt.)

1. The method for optimizing the filtration efficiency of the non-woven fabric is characterized in that a spinning material is atomized into micro-nano filaments by an atomizing nozzle of a spinning cup electrostatic spinning system and then blown onto the non-woven fabric to be spun.

2. The method for optimizing the filtration efficiency of the non-woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the spinning material is atomized into micro-nano filaments by an atomizing nozzle of a spinning cup electrostatic spinning system, and the micro-nano filaments of the atomized spinning material are secondarily distributed to the non-woven fabric to be spun by an air knife.

3. The method for optimizing the filtration efficiency of a nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the atomizing spray cup, the air knife and the nonwoven fabric to be spun are arranged in this order from top to bottom.

4. The method for optimizing filtration efficiency of nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the atomizing cup, the air knife, and the nonwoven fabric to be spun are arranged in order in the left-right direction.

5. An optimization device used in the method for optimizing the filtration efficiency of the non-woven fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising a frame, a mesh belt transmission system, a non-woven fabric conveying device, a spinning cup electrostatic spinning system and a cyclone system, wherein the mesh belt transmission system comprises a conveying mesh belt, a mesh belt transmission motor and 4 mesh belt transmission shafts, the 4 mesh belt transmission shafts are distributed on the frame in a 2 x 2 array, one mesh belt rotating shaft is in transmission connection with an output shaft of the mesh belt transmission motor, and the conveying mesh belt is wound on the 4 mesh belt transmission shafts to form a square ring belt;

the non-woven fabric conveying device comprises an unwinding shaft and a winding shaft, the unwinding shaft and the winding shaft are respectively arranged on two sides of the mesh belt conveying device, and the non-woven fabric to be spun is unwound by the unwinding shaft and then conveyed to the winding shaft along with the conveying mesh belt for winding;

the spinning cup electrostatic spinning system comprises an atomizing nozzle cup, an atomizing nozzle cavity is arranged in the atomizing nozzle cup, a plurality of shunting ports are arranged on the cup head surface of the atomizing nozzle cup, and the shunting ports are arranged facing to non-woven fabrics to be spun;

the cyclone system comprises an exhaust fan, an air suction box body and an air knife, the air suction box body is connected with the exhaust fan, the air suction box body is positioned in a ring opening of the conveying mesh belt, an air suction opening of the air suction box body and the non-woven fabric to be spun are respectively arranged on two sides of one section of the conveying mesh belt between two mesh belt conveying shafts, and the non-woven fabric to be spun is attached to the side surface of the conveying mesh belt; the air knife is positioned between the atomizing rotary cup and the non-woven fabric to be spun;

the atomizing spray cups, the air knives, the non-woven fabrics to be sprayed, the conveying mesh belt and the air suction openings of the air suction box body are sequentially arranged along the same direction, wherein the atomizing spray cups can be one, one or a plurality of groups.

6. The optimizing device of claim 5, wherein a drying box is arranged outside the non-woven fabric to be spun between the unwinding shaft and the conveying mesh belt.

7. The optimizing device of claim 5, wherein the air knife is one or more of a standard air knife, a small air knife, a curved air knife, an arc-shaped combined air knife, a ring-shaped air knife, a hot air knife and an ion air knife.

8. The optimizing apparatus as claimed in claim 5 or 7, wherein the air knife is provided with air outlets arranged in a spiral shape.

9. The optimizing device of claim 5, wherein the air draft port of the air draft box body is provided with an air draft screen plate, and the air draft screen plate comprises a screen plate body and a flanging edge surrounding the screen plate body.

10. The optimizing device of claim 9, wherein the mesh plate body is a metal mesh plate, and the flanged edge is a cylindrical or square non-metal edge.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of electrostatic spinning, and particularly relates to a method and a device for optimizing the filtration efficiency of non-woven fabrics.

Background

The electrostatic spinning is a method for preparing nano-fibers which are developed rapidly in recent years, the nano-fibers obtained by the method have a series of excellent performances such as ultra-high specific surface area, good sensitivity, biocompatibility and the like, can be used for manufacturing products such as sensors, drug carriers, artificial blood vessels, filter materials and the like, and play a great role in the fields of chemical industry, medical treatment, environmental protection, fast consumer goods and the like.

Electrospinning is generally carried out in a specific apparatus, which generally consists of several parts, a raw material injection device, a high voltage power supply, a spraying device and a receiving device, using as raw materials a polymer solution and a melt that are mixed according to a recipe. The spraying device and the receiving device are respectively connected with the anode and the cathode of a high-voltage power supply. The raw materials are injected into the spraying device in a liquid drop mode, a Taylor cone is formed at the outlet of the spraying device under the action of a high-voltage electric field, and when the action of the electric field force is greater than the surface tension of the Taylor cone, a spraying trickle is formed at the tip of the Taylor cone. The charged trickle falls to the receiving device under the action of electric field force, and simultaneously the solvent evaporates and finally winds on the receiving device to form the nanofiber felt.

Although the performance of the nano-fiber is excellent, the low production efficiency of electrostatic spinning seriously restricts the popularization of the technology in the market. At present, electrostatic spinning nozzles are mainly classified into needle type and needle-free type. The needle head is used as a spraying device, so that a Taylor cone with a good shape can be obtained, but the needle head is easy to block; the multiple needles are beneficial to improving the efficiency, but the electric fields among the multiple needles interfere with each other to influence the quality of the nano fibers. The needleless jet is the development direction of electrostatic spinning equipment, the production efficiency of nano fibers is improved by producing a plurality of taylor cones or micro liquid drops at one time, but the direction of the nano fibers generated by the free liquid level needleless jet is not easy to control.

The structure of the prior pneumatic motor type electrostatic spinning spray head comprises a conical shell, a conical screw, a shell sealing cover, a screw sealing ring, a set of pneumatic motor driving device, a set of propelling device, a set of air supply device, a set of high-voltage power supply and a receiving device. The side surface of the conical shell is provided with a hole and is connected with the propelling device; the propulsion device is filled with prepared solution; the bottom end of the conical shell is an open cylinder, so that the wire outlet direction can be conveniently controlled; the top end of the conical shell is provided with six threaded holes; the shell sealing cover is step-shaped, six holes are formed in the lower edge of the shell sealing cover, and the shell sealing cover is installed on the conical shell through screws; the top end of the shell sealing cover is provided with six air holes, and the air holes are connected to the air supply device through pipelines; the top end of the shell sealing cover is also provided with the conical screw mounting hole and the screw sealing ring mounting hole; the upper end of the conical screw is provided with a cylindrical mounting rod, the middle of the conical screw is provided with a step surface, and the lower end of the conical screw is provided with a conical screw with blades; a cylindrical mounting rod of the conical screw penetrates through a conical screw mounting hole in the shell sealing cover to be connected with the driving device; the conical screw rod is driven by the driving device to rotate at a high speed; the screw rod sealing ring is arranged on the shell sealing cover to ensure that the conical screw rod is sealed when rotating; the positive pole of the high-voltage power supply is connected with the conical shell, and the negative pole of the high-voltage power supply is connected with the receiving device. The conical screw rotates to generate airflow similar to tornado, so that the liquid drops are driven to rotate, collide, break and be atomized repeatedly, and then are sprayed out under the action of high-pressure gas and a high-voltage electric field to form the nano fibers. However, the rate of droplet formation directly affects the electrospinning efficiency, and the more micro-droplets at a time, the more fibers are formed. In previous researches, micro-droplets are obtained by using a sieve or a mesh structure, so that the blockage is easy and the cleaning is inconvenient.

A spinning cup electrostatic spray gun is a common device in the spinning industry and comprises a gas rotary motor, an atomizing spray cup, an atomizing forming pusher, a spinning material supply system, an electrostatic generator and a control system, wherein paint or spinning material is delivered to an inner cavity of the atomizing spray cup through an oil supply pump and a delivery pipeline, the spinning material is uniformly thrown and dispersed to an outer cavity of the spray cup through a plurality of branch ports of the inner cavity of the spray cup by utilizing the gravity centrifugal force of high-speed rotation of the atomizing spray cup in linkage with an air motor, meanwhile, the spinning material is rubbed with a side cup wall of the outer cavity of the spray cup at a high speed to finish advanced atomization in the cup, the spinning material is thinned and thinned, and when the spinning material flows out of the opening part of the spray cup, the spinning material is blown and pushed towards a workpiece by the gas pressure through the atomizer on the outer side of the spray cup. The atomization technology of the atomizing spray cup is shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, and the atomizing spray cup generally has three installation modes: the spinning material is conveyed to a high-speed rotating cup head from the center, and the cup head is charged and transmits 80KV high voltage to the spinning material. When the spinning material contacts the cup head, the spinning material is charged with high voltage negative charges, because the charges repel each other, and when the spinning material leaves the cup head, the spinning material micro-nano filaments are split into smaller and more uniform particles by the charges until the surface tension of the spinning material is balanced with the charge repulsion.

The electrostatic effect is combined with the centrifugal force of high-speed rotation to generate better and more uniform micro-nano yarns of the spinning material, and the particles with high-voltage charges are attracted to a workpiece with good grounding, so that excellent surface quality and extremely high spinning material transfer efficiency are achieved.

In the spinning process, by means of the principle that like poles repel and opposite poles attract of an electrostatic magnetic field, an electrostatic negative pole (with the voltage of 60-120 KV) is connected to the end of a rotating cup spray gun, paint is repelled mutually and uniformly dispersed through the negative pole, and meanwhile, atomized spinning material micro-nano filaments in a certain distance around a workpiece are adsorbed on the surface of the workpiece by the principle that the positive pole of the workpiece attracts to form a paint film.

Wind-knife refers to cold wind, sharp wind. The special technology of industrial water cutting, drying, scrap removal and the like. The air knife has the advantages that the air knife can perfectly meet the application in the industrial field under the condition of compressed air supply, and can be used for blowing out dust and moisture on planes such as steel plates and aluminum alloy sections, blowing out moisture on the surfaces of bottles such as beverage bottles and packaging tanks, blowing out impurity dust and residual liquid on the surfaces of products, blowing out moisture on outer packages, cleaning transmission belts and the like. The air knife can be driven by a vortex fan or a high-pressure centrifugal fan (instead of compressed air with high energy consumption), and different fans are matched with wind power to blow and dry dust and moisture on the surface of an object in time. The air knife is not used in the field of non-woven fabric production, and is not combined with a rotary cup electrostatic spray gun to improve the filtering efficiency of the non-woven fabric.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method and a device for optimizing the filtration efficiency of non-woven fabrics, wherein an air knife is added to secondarily distribute atomized micro-filaments to uniformly blow the micro-filaments onto the non-woven fabrics, so that the micro-filaments are prevented from falling to the periphery of the non-woven fabrics, local air pressure is different due to the air suction effect of the non-woven fabrics, and the part with large gaps of the non-woven fabrics can adsorb more micro-nano-filaments, thereby effectively improving the filtration efficiency of the non-woven fabrics, particularly melt-blown.

In order to solve the technical problem, an embodiment of the invention provides a method for optimizing the filtration efficiency of non-woven fabrics.

Wherein, the atomizing nozzle cup, the air knife and the non-woven fabric to be spun are arranged in sequence from top to bottom.

The spinning direction can also be as follows: the atomizing spray cup, the air knife and the non-woven fabric to be sprayed are sequentially arranged along the left and right directions.

The invention also provides an optimizing device used by the non-woven fabric filtering efficiency optimizing method, which comprises a rack, a mesh belt transmission system, a non-woven fabric conveying device, a rotary cup electrostatic spinning system and a cyclone system, wherein the mesh belt transmission system comprises a conveying mesh belt, a mesh belt transmission motor and 4 mesh belt transmission shafts, the 4 mesh belt transmission shafts are distributed on the rack in a 2 x 2 array manner, one mesh belt rotating shaft is in transmission connection with an output shaft of the mesh belt transmission motor, and the conveying mesh belt is wound on the 4 mesh belt transmission shafts to form a square ring belt;

the non-woven fabric conveying device comprises an unwinding shaft and a winding shaft, the unwinding shaft and the winding shaft are respectively arranged on two sides of the mesh belt conveying device, and the non-woven fabric to be spun is unwound by the unwinding shaft and then conveyed to the winding shaft along with the conveying mesh belt for winding;

the spinning cup electrostatic spinning system comprises an atomizing nozzle cup, an atomizing nozzle cavity is arranged in the atomizing nozzle cup, a plurality of shunting ports are arranged on the cup head surface of the atomizing nozzle cup, and the shunting ports are arranged facing to non-woven fabrics to be spun;

the cyclone system comprises an exhaust fan, an air suction box body and an air knife, the air suction box body is connected with the exhaust fan, the air suction box body is positioned in a ring opening of the conveying mesh belt, an air suction opening of the air suction box body and the non-woven fabric to be spun are respectively arranged on two sides of one section of the conveying mesh belt between two mesh belt conveying shafts, and the non-woven fabric to be spun is attached to the side surface of the conveying mesh belt; the air knife is positioned between the atomizing rotary cup and the non-woven fabric to be spun;

the atomizing spray cups, the air knives, the non-woven fabrics to be sprayed, the conveying mesh belt and the air suction openings of the air suction box body are sequentially arranged along the same straight line, wherein the atomizing spray cups can be one or one group or a plurality of atomizing spray cups according to the requirements of the area and the efficiency of the non-woven fabrics.

Wherein, the non-woven fabrics outside between unreeling axle and the conveying mesh belt is equipped with the stoving case, preferably hot air drying case.

The air knife is one or a plurality of combinations of a standard air knife, a small air knife, a bent air knife, an arc-shaped combined air knife, an annular air knife, a hot air knife and an ion air knife.

Furthermore, the air knife is provided with air outlets which are arranged in a spiral shape, and the air volume is adjusted to form cyclone, so that atomized microfilaments are distributed for the second time and are uniformly blown onto the non-woven fabric, and the atomized microfilaments are prevented from falling to the periphery of the non-woven fabric.

Wherein, the exhaust opening department of box that induced drafts is equipped with the otter board that induced drafts, the otter board that induced drafts includes the otter board body and encloses the hem that turns over of locating otter board body all around, and the non-woven fabrics covers on it for it is sealed, guarantee the amount of wind and all inhale from the non-woven fabrics above, thereby can effectually play the microfilament adhesion after the atomizing on the not equidimension space of non-woven fabrics, thereby the effectual filtration efficiency who improves the non-woven fabrics.

Preferably, the net plate body is a metal grid plate, the meshes are circular, rhombic or rectangular, and the flanging edge is a cylindrical or square non-metal edge.

The air knife is driven by a vortex motor or a high-pressure centrifugal fan to replace compressed air with high energy consumption.

The spinning cup electrostatic spinning system further comprises a gas rotating motor, an atomization forming pusher, a spinning material supply device, an electrostatic generator and a control system, and can be connected with positive high voltage or negative high voltage.

The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the invention, the spinning cup electrostatic spinning system and the cyclone system are combined for use, the air knife is arranged between the atomizing spinning cup and the non-woven fabric to be spun, the air outlet holes of the air knife are designed to be spirally arranged, and the cyclone is formed by adjusting the air volume, so that atomized micro-filaments are secondarily distributed and uniformly blown onto the non-woven fabric, and as the non-woven fabric is arranged on the negative pressure air suction cavity, different pressure differences are formed due to different sizes of micro-pores on the non-woven fabric, and more micro-nano-filaments can be adsorbed due to large gaps, thereby effectively improving the filtering efficiency of the non.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a diagram of an atomizing technique of a prior art atomizing cup in the background of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the structure at A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a structure of a suction net plate according to a first embodiment;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a cross-sectional view of a suction screen plate according to the first embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of a wind knife in the first embodiment;

fig. 7 is a block diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

1. unwinding the reel; 2. a drying box; 3. non-woven fabrics to be spun; 4. an air draft box body; 5. a winding shaft; 6. a mesh belt conveying shaft; 7. an air suction screen plate; 8. a conveyor belt; 9. an atomizing spray cup; 10. an air knife; 101. an air outlet; 102. a compressed air pipe interface; 11. a screen body; 12. and (6) folding edges.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The invention provides a method for optimizing the filtration efficiency of non-woven fabrics.

Wherein, the atomizing spray cup, the air knife and the non-woven fabric to be sprayed are arranged in sequence from top to bottom as shown in figure 5.

The following spinning directions can also be used: the atomizing spray cup, the air knife and the non-woven fabric to be sprayed are arranged in sequence along the left and right directions, as shown in figure 3.