Environment-friendly easily-degradable antibacterial non-woven fabric and preparation method thereof
阅读说明：本技术 一种环保易分解型的抗菌无纺布及其制备方法 (Environment-friendly easily-degradable antibacterial non-woven fabric and preparation method thereof ) 是由 谈正杰 殷成燕 石忠坤 于 2021-04-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种环保易分解型的抗菌无纺布及其制备方法,方法包括：S1、将改性聚氨酯纤维、海藻纤维和木浆纤维素加热熔融,将丙烯酸、柠檬酸、甲基丙烯酸环氧丙酯和抗氧化剂搅拌反应；S2、将步骤S1所得物料进行混合熔融、纺丝、冷却、拉伸、卷绕和梳理后得到复合纤维网；S3、复合纤维网水刺处理,得到无纺布基材；S4、无纺布基材定型处理,得到无纺布成品；S5、将无纺布成品浸泡在抑菌剂和去离子水形成的水溶液中,烘干后得到抗菌无纺布；装置包括双螺杆挤出机、纺丝机、面料定形机和烘干机；本发明工艺结构设计合理,所得抗菌无纺布具有良好的生物可降解性以及抗菌性能,适宜大量推广。(The invention discloses an environment-friendly easily-decomposed antibacterial non-woven fabric and a preparation method thereof, wherein the method comprises the following steps: s1, heating and melting the modified polyurethane fiber, the alginate fiber and the wood pulp cellulose, and stirring and reacting the acrylic acid, the citric acid, the glycidyl methacrylate and the antioxidant; s2, mixing, melting, spinning, cooling, stretching, winding and carding the material obtained in the step S1 to obtain a composite fiber web; s3, carrying out spunlace treatment on the composite fiber net to obtain a non-woven fabric base material; s4, shaping the non-woven fabric base material to obtain a non-woven fabric finished product; s5, soaking the finished non-woven fabric in an aqueous solution formed by a bacteriostatic agent and deionized water, and drying to obtain the antibacterial non-woven fabric; the device comprises a double-screw extruder, a spinning machine, a fabric setting machine and a dryer; the process structure of the invention is reasonable in design, and the obtained antibacterial non-woven fabric has good biodegradability and antibacterial performance, and is suitable for mass popularization.)
1. The preparation method of the environment-friendly easily-decomposed antibacterial non-woven fabric is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-45 parts of modified polyurethane fiber, 8-20 parts of alginate fiber, 6-18 parts of wood pulp cellulose, 5-8 parts of citric acid, 12-26 parts of glycidyl methacrylate, 1-3 parts of bacteriostatic agent, 0.5-2 parts of antioxidant and 16-25 parts of deionized water;
the bacteriostatic agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-30 parts of nano bamboo charcoal, 5-12 parts of potassium permanganate, 4-7 parts of chitosan, 5-15 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 4-8 parts of sodium hypochlorite solution, 2-4 parts of acetone solution and 3-6 parts of tween;
the antioxidant is a mixture consisting of titanium dioxide, quartz powder, dibutyl hydroxy toluene and butyl hydroxy anisol according to the mass ratio of 1:2:1: 3;
the preparation method of the non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the modified polyurethane fiber, the alginate fiber and the wood pulp cellulose in a melting furnace, heating the materials to 175-215 ℃, and continuously stirring the materials in the heating process to obtain a mixed fiber material A; stirring the citric acid, the glycidyl methacrylate and the antioxidant at the temperature of 40-60 ℃ for reaction for 15-25 min; obtaining a mixed material B;
s2, feeding the mixed fiber material A and the mixed material B obtained in the step S1 into a double-screw extruder respectively to be melted into mixed melt; then putting the mixed melt into a spinning machine, spraying the mixed melt from a spinneret plate of the spinning machine to form a composite fiber strand silk, and then cooling, stretching, winding and carding to obtain a composite fiber web; the working temperature of the double-screw extruder is 180-230 ℃, the fineness of the composite fiber filament is 2-5dtex, and the rotating speed of a carding and carding machine used for carding operation is 500-900 rad/min;
s3, carrying out spunlace treatment on the composite fiber web obtained in the step S2 for 25-30min by using atomized water to obtain a non-woven fabric substrate; wherein, the water punching treatment is carried out for 3 times, the first and second water punching treatment adopts round net type water punching, the third water punching treatment adopts platform type water punching, the water pressure of the water punching treatment is 30-60bar, and the number of water punching heads is 3-9;
s4, placing the non-woven fabric base material obtained in the step S3 into a fabric setting machine, setting the temperature at 130-150 ℃, setting the time at 15-45S, after setting is finished, symmetrically folding the obtained material, placing the material into a hot rolling machine for hot rolling treatment, controlling the temperature of a hot rolling roll at 150-180 ℃, and the pressure at 1-3kg/cm2After hot rolling is finished, obtaining a non-woven fabric finished product;
s5, uniformly mixing the bacteriostatic agent and deionized water to form a bacteriostatic agent aqueous solution, heating the bacteriostatic agent aqueous solution to 35-50 ℃, then soaking the non-woven fabric finished product obtained in the step S4 in the bacteriostatic agent aqueous solution for 1-3h, and finally sending the soaked non-woven fabric finished product into a dryer to be dried for 15-45min, thus obtaining the antibacterial non-woven fabric.
2. The method for preparing the environment-friendly easily-degradable antibacterial non-woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein before the step S1, the modified polyurethane fiber and the alginate fiber are respectively washed with sterile water for 3-6 times under a ventilated condition, and then are respectively soaked in purified water at 50-55 ℃ for 30-35 min.
3. The method for preparing the environment-friendly and easily degradable antibacterial non-woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein after step S5 is completed, the antibacterial non-woven fabric is subjected to alcohol soaking treatment for 50-80min under the condition of ultrasonic waves, and then is subjected to pressure drying treatment, wherein the alcohol soaking treatment temperature is 20-50 ℃, and the power of the ultrasonic waves is 300-500W.
4. The method for preparing the environment-friendly easily-degradable antibacterial non-woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the method for preparing the wood pulp cellulose comprises the following steps: 1) pulverizing wood, and sieving with 60-80 mesh sieve to obtain wood powder with particle size of 0.15-0.25 mm; 2) dissolving the wood powder obtained in the step 1) in a sodium succinate solution with the mass concentration of 12-16% at room temperature, heating the mixture in water bath at 55-60 ℃, and mechanically stirring for reaction for 20-35h to obtain the wood pulp cellulose.
5. The preparation method of the environment-friendly easily-degradable antibacterial non-woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the modified polyurethane fiber comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing polyurethane and terephthalic acid solution according to the volume ratio of 1:2-4, then reacting for 1-2h under the condition of ultraviolet irradiation, taking out after the reaction is finished, centrifugally drying for 4-15min, finally drying for 1-3h under the condition of 160 ℃ plus materials at 120 ℃, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the modified polyurethane fiber.
6. The method for preparing the environment-friendly easily-decomposed antibacterial non-woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein after the step S5 is completed, 5-15 parts of nano silver oxide powder is sprayed on the surface of the antibacterial non-woven fabric in a gas sputtering mode, the sputtering gas is argon, the working pressure during sputtering is 3-7Pa, the sputtering power is 30-50W, and the sputtering time is 3-5 min.
7. The method for preparing the environment-friendly and easily decomposable antibacterial nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the water pressure of the first hydroentangling treatment is 30-40bar, the water pressure of the second hydroentangling treatment is 40-50bar, and the water pressure of the third hydroentangling treatment is 50-70 bar.
8. The apparatus for preparing the environment-friendly easily-degradable antibacterial non-woven fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising a twin-screw extruder, a spinning machine, a fabric setting machine and a dryer, wherein the twin-screw extruder is used for melt extrusion of the mixed fiber material A and the mixed material B, the spinning machine is used for spinning a mixed melt formed by the mixed fiber material A and the mixed material B, and the fabric setting machine is used for setting a non-woven fabric base after the spunlace treatment; the dryer is used for drying a formed non-woven fabric finished product, the fabric forming machine comprises a machine base (1), an upper forming pressing plate (2), a lower forming pressing plate (3), a guide roller (4), a winding drum (5) and a lower pressing component (6), the machine base (1) is hollow, the upper end of the machine base is provided with a mounting groove (10), the lower forming pressing plate (3) is movably clamped on the mounting groove (10) through a sliding column (30), a first damping spring (31) is arranged between the sliding column (30) and the mounting groove (10), two sliding support rods (20) are respectively arranged on two sides of the lower end face of the upper forming pressing plate (2), the upper forming pressing plate (2) is inserted on the machine base (1) through the sliding support rods (20), the moving support rods (20) extend into the machine base (1), and the two sliding support rods (20) positioned on two sides in the machine base (1) are connected through pull rods (21), the lower ends of the two pull rods (21) are respectively provided with a connecting rod (22), and one sides of the upper shaping press plate (2) and the lower shaping press plate (3) which are opposite are respectively provided with an electric heating plate (7); the guide rollers (4) are provided with two guide rollers (4), the two guide rollers (4) are arranged at the head end of the base (1) through a first mounting rack (40) in parallel from top to bottom, the winding drum (5) is arranged at the tail end of the base (1) through a second mounting rack (50), a rotary hand wheel (51) is arranged on the winding drum (5), the pressing component (6) comprises guide sliding rods (60) and pressing plates (61), the guide sliding rods (60) are provided with two guide sliding rods (60) which are arranged at two sides in the base (1) in parallel, the two guide sliding rods (60) are respectively sleeved with a second damping spring (600), the pressing plates (61) are movably sleeved on the two guide sliding rods (60) and are abutted against the second damping springs (600), the upper end surfaces of the pressing plates (61) are fixedly connected with the connecting rods (22), and pedals (610) are arranged on the pressing plates (61), the pedal (610) penetrates through the side wall of the machine base (1) and can move up and down along the side wall of the machine base (1).
9. The manufacturing device according to claim 8, characterized in that a third damping spring is provided at the junction of the guide roll (4) and the first mounting frame (40).
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of non-woven fabric preparation, in particular to an environment-friendly easily-degradable antibacterial non-woven fabric and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The non-woven fabric is a high-technology content in a flexible material production system, has wide market demand, relates to a wide-range modern material industry, develops at an astonishing speed, and is known as the 'sunward industry' in the textile industry. The non-woven fabric is a non-woven fabric which is formed by directly utilizing high polymer slices, short fibers or filaments to form a net through air flow or machinery, then carrying out spunlace, needling or hot rolling reinforcement, and finally carrying out after-treatment. A novel fabric product having a soft, air-permeable and planar structure, which is strong, durable, silky and soft without generating lint, is one of reinforcing materials, and has a cotton-like feeling, and a non-woven fabric bag which is easy to form and inexpensive as compared with cotton.
Although the non-woven fabrics produced by different processes have excellent effects in improving sanitary environment and facilitating use. However, human skin and clothes are places where bacteria grow, the bacteria take human excrement such as urea in sweat as a nutrient source, the bacteria continuously propagate, and ammonia with strong odor is discharged, so that the health of people is affected and the bacteria are not sanitary.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides the environment-friendly easily-degradable antibacterial non-woven fabric with reasonable process design and the preparation method and the device thereof.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a preparation method of an environment-friendly easily-degradable antibacterial non-woven fabric comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-45 parts of modified polyurethane fiber, 8-20 parts of alginate fiber, 6-18 parts of wood pulp cellulose, 5-8 parts of citric acid, 12-26 parts of glycidyl methacrylate, 1-3 parts of bacteriostatic agent, 0.5-2 parts of antioxidant and 16-25 parts of deionized water;
the bacteriostatic agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-30 parts of nano bamboo charcoal, 5-12 parts of potassium permanganate, 4-7 parts of chitosan, 5-15 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 4-8 parts of sodium hypochlorite solution, 2-4 parts of acetone solution and 3-6 parts of tween; the bacteriostatic agent in the proportion has a lasting antibacterial effect, has excellent biocompatibility and does not generate any stimulation to users in the using process;
the antioxidant is a mixture of titanium dioxide, quartz powder, dibutyl hydroxy toluene and butyl hydroxy anisol according to the mass ratio of 1:2:1: 3; the antioxidant in the proportion can avoid oxidation corrosion of the antibacterial non-woven fabric in the using process and the phenomenon of fiber breakage inside the antibacterial non-woven fabric, and prolong the service life of the antibacterial non-woven fabric;
the preparation method of the non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the modified polyurethane fiber, the alginate fiber and the wood pulp cellulose in a melting furnace, heating the materials to 175-215 ℃, and continuously stirring the materials in the heating process to obtain a mixed fiber material A; stirring citric acid, glycidyl methacrylate and antioxidant at 40-60 deg.C for 15-25 min; obtaining a mixed material B;
s2, feeding the mixed fiber material A and the mixed material B obtained in the step S1 into a double-screw extruder respectively to be melted into mixed melt; then putting the mixed melt into a spinning machine, spraying the mixed melt out of a spinneret plate of the spinning machine to form composite fiber strands, and then cooling, stretching, winding and carding to obtain a composite fiber web; the working temperature of the double-screw extruder is 180-230 ℃, the fineness of the composite fiber filament is 2-5dtex, and the rotating speed of a carding and carding machine used for carding operation is 500-900 rad/min;
s3, carrying out spunlace treatment on the composite fiber web obtained in the step S2 for 25-30min by using atomized water to obtain a non-woven fabric substrate; wherein, the water punching treatment is carried out for 3 times, the first and second water punching treatment adopts round net type water punching, the third water punching treatment adopts platform type water punching, the water pressure of the water punching treatment is 30-60bar, and the number of water punching heads is 3-9;
s4, placing the non-woven fabric base material obtained in the step S3 into a fabric setting machine, setting the temperature at 130-150 ℃, setting the time at 15-45S, after setting is finished, symmetrically folding the obtained material, placing the material into a hot rolling machine for hot rolling treatment, controlling the temperature of a hot rolling roll at 150-180 ℃, and the pressure at 1-3kg/cm2After hot rolling is finished, obtaining a non-woven fabric finished product;
s5, uniformly mixing the bacteriostatic agent and deionized water to form bacteriostatic agent aqueous solution, heating the bacteriostatic agent aqueous solution to 35-50 ℃, then soaking the non-woven fabric finished product obtained in the step S4 in the bacteriostatic agent aqueous solution for 1-3h, and finally, drying the soaked non-woven fabric finished product in a dryer for 15-45min to obtain the antibacterial non-woven fabric.
Further, before the step S1, the modified polyurethane fiber and the alginate fiber are respectively washed by sterile water for 3-6 times under the ventilation condition, and then are respectively soaked in purified water at 50-55 ℃ for 30-35min, so that the fibers are fluffy, and the use comfort of the antibacterial non-woven fabric is improved.
Further, after the step S5 is completed, the antibacterial non-woven fabric is subjected to alcohol dipping treatment for 50-80min under the ultrasonic condition, and then is subjected to pressure drying treatment, wherein the alcohol dipping treatment temperature is 20-50 ℃, the power of the ultrasonic wave is 300-500W, and the use safety of the antibacterial non-woven fabric is improved by performing the alcohol dipping treatment on the antibacterial non-woven fabric.
Further, the preparation method of the wood pulp cellulose comprises the following steps: 1) pulverizing wood, and sieving with 60-80 mesh sieve to obtain wood powder with particle size of 0.15-0.25 mm; 2) dissolving the wood powder obtained in the step 1) in a sodium succinate solution with the mass concentration of 12-16% at room temperature, heating the mixture in water bath at 55-60 ℃, and mechanically stirring for 20-35h to obtain the wood pulp cellulose.
Further, the preparation method of the modified polyurethane fiber comprises the following steps: the polyurethane fiber and the terephthalic acid solution are uniformly mixed according to the volume ratio of 1:2-4, then the mixture is reacted for 1-2h under the condition of ultraviolet irradiation, after the reaction is finished, the mixture is taken out, centrifugally dried for 4-15min, and finally dried for 1-3h under the condition of 120-160 ℃, and cooled to room temperature, so that the modified polyurethane fiber can be obtained.
Further, after the step S5 is completed, 5-15 parts of nano silver oxide powder is sprayed on the surface of the antibacterial non-woven fabric in a gas sputtering mode, the sputtering gas is argon, the working pressure during sputtering is 3-7Pa, the sputtering power is 30-50W, the sputtering time is 3-5min, the nano silver oxide powder is sprayed on the surface of the antibacterial non-woven fabric through a gas sputtering method, and the antibacterial effect of the nano silver oxide powder is utilized, so that the sterilization effect of the antibacterial non-woven fabric is further improved, and the use effect is improved.
Further, in step S3, the water pressure of the first water-jet treatment is 30-40bar, the water pressure of the second water-jet treatment is 40-50bar, and the water pressure of the third water-jet treatment is 50-70bar, and by performing the three water-jet treatments, the damage of the internal fiber in the non-woven fabric during the preparation process is reduced, the uniformity of material distribution is improved, and the flatness of the surface of the non-woven fabric is improved.
An environment-friendly and easily-decomposed antibacterial non-woven fabric preparation device comprises a double-screw extruder, a spinning machine, a fabric setting machine and a dryer, wherein the double-screw extruder is used for melt extrusion of a mixed fiber material A and a mixed material B, the spinning machine is used for spinning a mixed melt formed by the mixed fiber material A and the mixed material B, and the fabric setting machine is used for setting the base part of the non-woven fabric subjected to spunlace treatment; the drying machine is used for drying the formed non-woven fabric finished product, the fabric forming machine comprises a machine base, an upper forming press plate, a lower forming press plate, a guide roller, a winding drum and a lower pressing component, the machine base is hollow, the upper end of the machine base is provided with a mounting groove, the lower forming press plate is movably clamped on the mounting groove through a sliding column, a first damping spring is arranged between the sliding column and the mounting groove, two sides of the lower end surface of the upper forming press plate are respectively provided with two sliding support rods, the upper forming press plate is inserted in the machine base through the sliding support rods, the movable support rods extend into the machine base, the two sliding support rods positioned on the two sides in the machine base are connected through pull rods, the lower ends of the two pull rods are respectively provided with a connecting rod, and one side of the upper forming press plate, which is opposite to the lower forming press plate, is provided with an electric heating plate; the guide rolls are provided with two, two guide rolls are arranged at the head end of the base up and down through the first mounting frame, the winding drum is arranged at the tail end of the base through the second mounting frame, a rotary hand wheel is arranged on the winding drum, the pressing component comprises a guide slide bar and a pressing plate, the guide slide bar is provided with two guide slide bars, the two guide slide bars are arranged at two sides inside the base in parallel, the two guide slide bars are all sleeved with a second damping spring, the pressing plate is movably sleeved on the two guide slide bars, and abutted against the second damping spring, the upper end face of the pressing plate is fixedly connected with the connecting rod, the pressing plate is provided with a pedal, the pedal penetrates through the side wall of the base, and can move up and down along the side wall of the base.
Further, two guide rolls all are provided with third damping spring with first mounting bracket junction for two guide rolls are close to each other all the time, have avoided non-woven fabrics base cloth to produce the fold when passing two guide rolls, improve the roughness of the non-woven fabrics base cloth after the design through setting up third damping spring.
The working principle of the fabric setting machine provided by the invention is as follows: when the non-woven fabric winding device is used, an external power supply is used for supplying power to the electric heating plate, and one end of the non-woven fabric substrate penetrates through a gap between the two guide rollers and then is connected with the winding drum; at the moment, the lower shaping pressing plate is close to the lower end face of the non-woven fabric substrate under the action of the first damping spring, and the pedal is stepped on, so that the lower pressing plate passes through the connecting rod, the upper shaping pressing plate is pulled by the pull rod and the sliding support rod to move downwards and coincide with the lower shaping pressing plate, the non-woven fabric substrate is heated and shaped by the electric heating plates on the upper shaping pressing plate and the lower shaping pressing plate, after shaping is finished, the pedal is loosened, the lower end face of the non-woven fabric substrate is close to the lower end face of the non-woven fabric substrate under the action of the first damping spring, the upper shaping pressing plate is stepped on to move upwards under the action of the second damping spring, the winding drum is rotated by the rotating hand wheel, and the non-woven fabric substrate after shaping is collected and sorted.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the process structure of the invention is reasonable in design, the modified polyurethane fiber and the alginate fiber are subjected to melting treatment after being subjected to sterile water treatment, and the obtained mixed fiber material is extremely easy to biodegrade, and has a certain antibacterial property, so that the use effect and efficiency of the antibacterial non-woven fabric are improved, and the development of the non-woven fabric manufacturing industry is promoted; the wood pulp cellulose and the modified polyurethane fiber prepared by the method not only realize the sustainable utilization efficiency of natural resources, but also improve the degradation efficiency of the antibacterial non-woven fabric, avoid the pollution of the degraded non-woven fabric to the environment, improve the toughness and resilience of the polyurethane fiber and improve the transverse and longitudinal tensile strength of the polyurethane fiber; after the antibacterial non-woven fabric is prepared, the antibacterial effect of the antibacterial non-woven fabric is further improved and the using effect is improved by alcohol dipping treatment and nano silver oxide powder sputtering treatment and utilizing the antibacterial effect of the nano silver oxide powder.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the fabric setter of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the upper setting platen, guide rollers and winding drum of the present invention in position on a machine base;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the fabric setting machine of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a left side view of the fabric setter of the present invention;
the device comprises a base 1, a mounting groove 10, an upper shaping pressing plate 2, a sliding support rod 20, a pull rod 21, a connecting rod 22, a lower shaping pressing plate 3, a sliding column 30, a first damping spring 31, a guide roller 4, a first mounting rack 40, a winding drum 5, a second mounting rack 50, a rotary hand wheel 51, a pressing component 6, a guide sliding rod 60, a second damping spring 600, a pressing plate 61, a pedal 610 and an electric heating plate 7.
Detailed Description
Example 1: a preparation method of an environment-friendly easily-degradable antibacterial non-woven fabric comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of modified polyurethane fiber, 8 parts of alginate fiber, 6 parts of wood pulp cellulose, 5 parts of citric acid, 12 parts of glycidyl methacrylate, 1 part of bacteriostatic agent, 0.5 part of antioxidant and 16 parts of deionized water;
the bacteriostatic agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of nano bamboo charcoal, 5 parts of potassium permanganate, 4 parts of chitosan, 5 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 4 parts of sodium hypochlorite solution, 2 parts of acetone solution and 3 parts of tween; the bacteriostatic agent in the proportion has a lasting antibacterial effect, has excellent biocompatibility and does not generate any stimulation to users in the using process;
the antioxidant is a mixture of titanium dioxide, quartz powder, dibutyl hydroxy toluene and butyl hydroxy anisol according to the mass ratio of 1:2:1: 3; the antioxidant in the proportion can avoid oxidation corrosion of the antibacterial non-woven fabric in the using process and the phenomenon of fiber breakage inside the antibacterial non-woven fabric, and prolong the service life of the antibacterial non-woven fabric;
the preparation method of the non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the modified polyurethane fiber, the alginate fiber and the wood pulp cellulose in a melting furnace, heating the materials to 175 ℃, and continuously stirring the materials in the heating process to obtain a mixed fiber material A; stirring and reacting citric acid, glycidyl methacrylate and an antioxidant at the temperature of 40 ℃ for 15 min; obtaining a mixed material B;
s2, feeding the mixed fiber material A and the mixed material B obtained in the step S1 into a double-screw extruder respectively to be melted into mixed melt; then putting the mixed melt into a spinning machine, spraying the mixed melt out of a spinneret plate of the spinning machine to form composite fiber strands, and then cooling, stretching, winding and carding to obtain a composite fiber web; the working temperature of the double-screw extruder is 180 ℃, the fineness of the composite fiber strand silk is 2dtex, and the rotating speed of a carding machine used for carding operation is 500 rad/min;
s3, carrying out spunlace treatment on the composite fiber web obtained in the step S2 for 25min by using atomized water to obtain a non-woven fabric substrate; wherein, the water punching treatment is carried out for 3 times, the first and second water punching treatment adopts round net type water punching, the third water punching treatment adopts platform type water punching, the water pressure of the water punching treatment is 30bar, and the number of water punching heads is 3;
s4, placing the non-woven fabric base material obtained in the step S3 into a fabric setting machine, setting the temperature at 130 ℃ for 15S, symmetrically folding the obtained material after setting, placing the material into a hot rolling mill for hot rolling treatment, controlling the temperature of the hot rolling mill at 150 ℃ and the pressure at 1kg/cm2After hot rolling is finished, obtaining a non-woven fabric finished product;
s5, uniformly mixing the bacteriostatic agent and deionized water to form bacteriostatic agent aqueous solution, heating the bacteriostatic agent aqueous solution to 35 ℃, then soaking the non-woven fabric finished product obtained in the step S4 in the bacteriostatic agent aqueous solution for 1h, and finally, sending the soaked non-woven fabric finished product into a dryer to dry for 15min to obtain the antibacterial non-woven fabric.
The preparation device of the environment-friendly easily-degradable antibacterial non-woven fabric used in the method of the embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, comprises a double-screw extruder, a spinning machine, a fabric setting machine and a dryer, wherein the double-screw extruder is used for melt extrusion of the mixed fiber material a and the mixed material B, the spinning machine is used for spinning a mixed melt formed by the mixed fiber material a and the mixed material B, and the fabric setting machine is used for setting the base of the non-woven fabric subjected to the spunlace treatment; the dryer is used for drying the formed non-woven fabric finished product, the fabric forming machine comprises a machine base 1, an upper forming press plate 2, a lower forming press plate 3, a guide roller 4, a winding drum 5 and a lower pressing component 6, the machine base 1 is hollow, the upper end of the machine base is provided with a mounting groove 10, the lower forming press plate 3 is movably clamped on the mounting groove 10 through a sliding column 30, a first damping spring 31 is arranged between the sliding column 30 and the mounting groove 10, two sides of the lower end surface of the upper forming press plate 2 are respectively provided with two sliding support rods 20, the upper forming press plate 2 is inserted on the machine base 1 through the sliding support rods 20, the movable support rod 20 extends into the machine base 1, the two sliding support rods 20 positioned at two sides in the machine base 1 are connected through a pull rod 21, the lower ends of the two pull rods 21 are respectively provided with a connecting rod 22, and one side of the upper shaping press plate 2 opposite to one side of the lower shaping press plate 3 is respectively provided with an electric heating plate 7; the guide rollers 4 are provided with two, the two guide rollers 4 are arranged at the head end of the base 1 up and down in parallel through the first mounting rack 40, the winding drum 5 is arranged at the tail end of the base 1 through the second mounting rack 50, the rotating hand wheel 51 is arranged on the winding drum 5, the pressing component 6 comprises two guide slide rods 60 and a pressing plate 61, the two guide slide rods 60 are arranged at two sides inside the base 1 in parallel, the two guide slide rods 60 are sleeved with the second damping spring 600, the pressing plate 61 is movably sleeved on the two guide slide rods 60 and abutted against the second damping spring 600, the upper end face of the pressing plate 61 is fixedly connected with the connecting rod 22, the pressing plate 61 is provided with a pedal 610, and the pedal 610 penetrates through the side wall of the base 1 and can move up and down along the side wall of the base 1.
Example 2: a preparation method of an environment-friendly easily-degradable antibacterial non-woven fabric comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of modified polyurethane fiber, 15 parts of alginate fiber, 13 parts of wood pulp cellulose, 6 parts of citric acid, 21 parts of glycidyl methacrylate, 2 parts of bacteriostatic agent, 1.2 parts of antioxidant and 120 parts of deionized water;
the bacteriostatic agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18 parts of nano bamboo charcoal, 9 parts of potassium permanganate, 6 parts of chitosan, 9 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 7 parts of sodium hypochlorite solution, 3 parts of acetone solution and 5 parts of tween; the bacteriostatic agent in the proportion has a lasting antibacterial effect, has excellent biocompatibility and does not generate any stimulation to users in the using process;
the antioxidant is a mixture of titanium dioxide, quartz powder, dibutyl hydroxy toluene and butyl hydroxy anisol according to the mass ratio of 1:2:1: 3; the antioxidant in the proportion can avoid oxidation corrosion of the antibacterial non-woven fabric in the using process and the phenomenon of fiber breakage inside the antibacterial non-woven fabric, and prolong the service life of the antibacterial non-woven fabric;
the preparation method of the non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:
s1, respectively carrying out sterile water cleaning on the modified polyurethane fibers and the alginate fibers for 3 times under the ventilation condition, then respectively soaking the modified polyurethane fibers and the alginate fibers in purified water at 50 ℃ for 30min, enabling the fibers to be fluffy through the operation, improving the use comfort of the antibacterial non-woven fabric, then placing the modified polyurethane fibers, the alginate fibers and the wood pulp cellulose in a melting furnace, heating the materials to 200 ℃, and continuously stirring the materials in the heating process to obtain a mixed fiber material A; stirring and reacting citric acid, glycidyl methacrylate and an antioxidant at the temperature of 50 ℃ for 20 min; obtaining a mixed material B;
s2, feeding the mixed fiber material A and the mixed material B obtained in the step S1 into a double-screw extruder respectively to be melted into mixed melt; then putting the mixed melt into a spinning machine, spraying the mixed melt out of a spinneret plate of the spinning machine to form composite fiber strands, and then cooling, stretching, winding and carding to obtain a composite fiber web; the working temperature of the double-screw extruder is 215 ℃, the fineness of the composite fiber filament is 4dtex, and the rotating speed of a carding machine used for carding operation is 700 rad/min;
s3, carrying out spunlace treatment on the composite fiber web obtained in the step S2 for 28min by using atomized water to obtain a non-woven fabric substrate; wherein, the water punching treatment is carried out for 3 times, the first and second water punching treatment adopts round net type water punching, the third water punching treatment adopts platform type water punching, the water pressure of the water punching treatment is 50bar, and the number of water punching heads is 7;
s4, placing the non-woven fabric base material obtained in the step S3 into a fabric setting machine, setting the temperature at 142 ℃ for 33S, symmetrically folding the obtained material after setting, placing the material into a hot rolling mill for hot rolling treatment, controlling the temperature of the hot rolling mill at 165 ℃ and the pressure at 2kg/cm2After hot rolling is finished, obtaining a non-woven fabric finished product;
s5, uniformly mixing the bacteriostatic agent and deionized water to form bacteriostatic agent aqueous solution, heating the bacteriostatic agent aqueous solution to 43 ℃, then soaking the non-woven fabric finished product obtained in the step S4 in the bacteriostatic agent aqueous solution for 2 hours, and finally, sending the soaked non-woven fabric finished product into a dryer to dry for 30 minutes to obtain the antibacterial non-woven fabric.
The preparation device of the environment-friendly easily-degradable antibacterial non-woven fabric used in the method of the embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, comprises a double-screw extruder, a spinning machine, a fabric setting machine and a dryer, wherein the double-screw extruder is used for melt extrusion of the mixed fiber material a and the mixed material B, the spinning machine is used for spinning a mixed melt formed by the mixed fiber material a and the mixed material B, and the fabric setting machine is used for setting the base of the non-woven fabric subjected to the spunlace treatment; the dryer is used for drying the formed non-woven fabric finished product, the fabric forming machine comprises a machine base 1, an upper forming press plate 2, a lower forming press plate 3, a guide roller 4, a winding drum 5 and a lower pressing component 6, the machine base 1 is hollow, the upper end of the machine base is provided with a mounting groove 10, the lower forming press plate 3 is movably clamped on the mounting groove 10 through a sliding column 30, a first damping spring 31 is arranged between the sliding column 30 and the mounting groove 10, two sides of the lower end surface of the upper forming press plate 2 are respectively provided with two sliding support rods 20, the upper forming press plate 2 is inserted on the machine base 1 through the sliding support rods 20, the movable support rod 20 extends into the machine base 1, the two sliding support rods 20 positioned at two sides in the machine base 1 are connected through a pull rod 21, the lower ends of the two pull rods 21 are respectively provided with a connecting rod 22, and one side of the upper shaping press plate 2 opposite to one side of the lower shaping press plate 3 is respectively provided with an electric heating plate 7; the two guide rollers 4 are arranged, the two guide rollers 4 are arranged at the head end of the base 1 in parallel up and down through the first mounting frame 40, third damping springs are arranged at the joints of the two guide rollers 4 and the first mounting frame 40, and the two guide rollers 4 are always close to each other through the arrangement of the third damping springs, so that wrinkles generated when the non-woven base cloth passes through the two guide rollers 4 are avoided, and the flatness of the shaped non-woven base cloth is improved; the winding drum 5 is arranged at the tail end of the base 1 through the second mounting frame 50, a rotary hand wheel 51 is arranged on the winding drum 5, the pressing component 6 comprises two guide slide bars 60 and a pressing plate 61, the two guide slide bars 60 are arranged in parallel at two sides inside the base 1, the two guide slide bars 60 are sleeved with a second damping spring 600, the pressing plate 61 is movably sleeved on the two guide slide bars 60 and abutted against the second damping spring 600, the upper end face of the pressing plate 61 is fixedly connected with the connecting rod 22, a pedal 610 is arranged on the pressing plate 61, the pedal 610 penetrates through the side wall of the base 1 and can move up and down along the side wall of the base 1.
Example 3: a preparation method of an environment-friendly easily-degradable antibacterial non-woven fabric comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45 parts of modified polyurethane fiber, 20 parts of alginate fiber, 18 parts of wood pulp cellulose, 8 parts of citric acid, 26 parts of glycidyl methacrylate, 3 parts of bacteriostatic agent, 2 parts of antioxidant and 25 parts of deionized water;
the bacteriostatic agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of nano bamboo charcoal, 12 parts of potassium permanganate, 7 parts of chitosan, 15 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 8 parts of sodium hypochlorite solution, 4 parts of acetone solution and 6 parts of tween; the bacteriostatic agent in the proportion has a lasting antibacterial effect, has excellent biocompatibility and does not generate any stimulation to users in the using process;
the antioxidant is a mixture of titanium dioxide, quartz powder, dibutyl hydroxy toluene and butyl hydroxy anisol according to the mass ratio of 1:2:1: 3; the antioxidant in the proportion can avoid oxidation corrosion of the antibacterial non-woven fabric in the using process and the phenomenon of fiber breakage inside the antibacterial non-woven fabric, and prolong the service life of the antibacterial non-woven fabric;
the preparation method of the non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the modified polyurethane fiber, the alginate fiber and the wood pulp cellulose in a melting furnace, heating the materials to 215 ℃, and continuously stirring the materials in the heating process to obtain a mixed fiber material A; stirring and reacting citric acid, glycidyl methacrylate and an antioxidant at the temperature of 60 ℃ for 25 min; obtaining a mixed material B;
s2, feeding the mixed fiber material A and the mixed material B obtained in the step S1 into a double-screw extruder respectively to be melted into mixed melt; then putting the mixed melt into a spinning machine, spraying the mixed melt out of a spinneret plate of the spinning machine to form composite fiber strands, and then cooling, stretching, winding and carding to obtain a composite fiber web; the working temperature of the double-screw extruder is 230 ℃, the fineness of the composite fiber filament is 5dtex, and the rotating speed of a carding machine used for carding operation is 900 rad/min;
s3, carrying out spunlace treatment on the composite fiber web obtained in the step S2 for 30min by using atomized water to obtain a non-woven fabric substrate; wherein, the water punching treatment is carried out for 3 times, the first and second water punching treatment adopts round net type water punching, the third water punching treatment adopts platform type water punching, the water pressure of the water punching treatment is 60bar, and the number of water punching heads is 9;
s4, placing the non-woven fabric base material obtained in the step S3 into a fabric setting machine, setting the temperature at 150 ℃ for 45S, symmetrically folding the obtained material after setting, placing the material into a hot rolling mill for hot rolling treatment, controlling the temperature of the hot rolling mill at 180 ℃ and the pressure at 3kg/cm2After hot rolling is finished, obtaining a non-woven fabric finished product;
s5, uniformly mixing a bacteriostatic agent and deionized water to form a bacteriostatic agent aqueous solution, heating the bacteriostatic agent aqueous solution to 50 ℃, then soaking the non-woven fabric finished product obtained in the step S4 in the bacteriostatic agent aqueous solution for 3 hours, and finally, sending the soaked non-woven fabric finished product into a dryer to dry for 45 minutes to obtain the antibacterial non-woven fabric; and then carrying out alcohol dipping treatment on the antibacterial non-woven fabric for 50min under the ultrasonic condition, and then carrying out pressure drying treatment, wherein the alcohol dipping treatment temperature is 20 ℃, the power of ultrasonic waves is 300W, the use safety of the antibacterial non-woven fabric is improved by carrying out alcohol dipping treatment on the antibacterial non-woven fabric, finally spraying 5 parts of nano silver oxide powder on the surface of the antibacterial non-woven fabric in a gas sputtering mode, the sputtering gas is argon, the working pressure during sputtering is 3Pa, the sputtering power is 30W, the sputtering time is 3min, spraying the nano silver oxide powder on the surface of the antibacterial non-woven fabric by a gas sputtering method, and utilizing the antibacterial action of the nano silver oxide powder, so that the sterilization effect of the antibacterial non-woven fabric is further improved, and the use effect is improved.
The preparation device of the environment-friendly easily-degradable antibacterial non-woven fabric used in the method of the embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, comprises a double-screw extruder, a spinning machine, a fabric setting machine and a dryer, wherein the double-screw extruder is used for melt extrusion of the mixed fiber material a and the mixed material B, the spinning machine is used for spinning a mixed melt formed by the mixed fiber material a and the mixed material B, and the fabric setting machine is used for setting the base of the non-woven fabric subjected to the spunlace treatment; the dryer is used for drying the formed non-woven fabric finished product, the fabric forming machine comprises a machine base 1, an upper forming press plate 2, a lower forming press plate 3, a guide roller 4, a winding drum 5 and a lower pressing component 6, the machine base 1 is hollow, the upper end of the machine base is provided with a mounting groove 10, the lower forming press plate 3 is movably clamped on the mounting groove 10 through a sliding column 30, a first damping spring 31 is arranged between the sliding column 30 and the mounting groove 10, two sides of the lower end surface of the upper forming press plate 2 are respectively provided with two sliding support rods 20, the upper forming press plate 2 is inserted on the machine base 1 through the sliding support rods 20, the movable support rod 20 extends into the machine base 1, the two sliding support rods 20 positioned at two sides in the machine base 1 are connected through a pull rod 21, the lower ends of the two pull rods 21 are respectively provided with a connecting rod 22, and one side of the upper shaping press plate 2 opposite to one side of the lower shaping press plate 3 is respectively provided with an electric heating plate 7; the two guide rollers 4 are arranged, the two guide rollers 4 are arranged at the head end of the base 1 in parallel up and down through the first mounting frame 40, third damping springs are arranged at the joints of the two guide rollers 4 and the first mounting frame 40, and the two guide rollers 4 are always close to each other through the arrangement of the third damping springs, so that wrinkles generated when the non-woven base cloth passes through the two guide rollers 4 are avoided, and the flatness of the shaped non-woven base cloth is improved; the winding drum 5 is arranged at the tail end of the base 1 through the second mounting frame 50, a rotary hand wheel 51 is arranged on the winding drum 5, the pressing component 6 comprises two guide slide bars 60 and a pressing plate 61, the two guide slide bars 60 are arranged in parallel at two sides inside the base 1, the two guide slide bars 60 are sleeved with a second damping spring 600, the pressing plate 61 is movably sleeved on the two guide slide bars 60 and abutted against the second damping spring 600, the upper end face of the pressing plate 61 is fixedly connected with the connecting rod 22, a pedal 610 is arranged on the pressing plate 61, the pedal 610 penetrates through the side wall of the base 1 and can move up and down along the side wall of the base 1.
Example 4: a preparation method of an environment-friendly easily-degradable antibacterial non-woven fabric comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of modified polyurethane fiber, 8 parts of alginate fiber, 6 parts of wood pulp cellulose, 5 parts of citric acid, 12 parts of glycidyl methacrylate, 1 part of bacteriostatic agent, 0.5 part of antioxidant and 16 parts of deionized water;
the bacteriostatic agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of nano bamboo charcoal, 5 parts of potassium permanganate, 4 parts of chitosan, 5 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 4 parts of sodium hypochlorite solution, 2 parts of acetone solution and 3 parts of tween; the bacteriostatic agent in the proportion has a lasting antibacterial effect, has excellent biocompatibility and does not generate any stimulation to users in the using process;
the antioxidant is a mixture of titanium dioxide, quartz powder, dibutyl hydroxy toluene and butyl hydroxy anisol according to the mass ratio of 1:2:1: 3; the antioxidant in the proportion can avoid oxidation corrosion of the antibacterial non-woven fabric in the using process and the phenomenon of fiber breakage inside the antibacterial non-woven fabric, and prolong the service life of the antibacterial non-woven fabric;
the preparation method of the modified polyurethane fiber comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing polyurethane and terephthalic acid solution according to a volume ratio of 1:2, then reacting for 1h under the condition of ultraviolet irradiation, taking out after the reaction is finished, centrifugally drying for 4min, finally drying for 1h at 120 ℃, and cooling to room temperature to obtain modified polyurethane fiber;
the preparation method of the wood pulp cellulose comprises the following steps: 1) pulverizing wood, and sieving with 60 mesh sieve to obtain wood powder with particle size of 0.20-0.25 mm; 2) dissolving the wood powder obtained in the step 1) in a sodium succinate solution with the mass concentration of 12% at room temperature, heating the mixture in water bath at 55 ℃, and mechanically stirring for 20 hours to obtain wood pulp cellulose;
the preparation method of the non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the modified polyurethane fiber, the alginate fiber and the wood pulp cellulose in a melting furnace, heating the materials to 175 ℃, and continuously stirring the materials in the heating process to obtain a mixed fiber material A; stirring and reacting citric acid, glycidyl methacrylate and an antioxidant at the temperature of 40 ℃ for 15 min; obtaining a mixed material B;
s2, feeding the mixed fiber material A and the mixed material B obtained in the step S1 into a double-screw extruder respectively to be melted into mixed melt; then putting the mixed melt into a spinning machine, spraying the mixed melt out of a spinneret plate of the spinning machine to form composite fiber strands, and then cooling, stretching, winding and carding to obtain a composite fiber web; the working temperature of the double-screw extruder is 180 ℃, the fineness of the composite fiber strand silk is 2dtex, and the rotating speed of a carding machine used for carding operation is 500 rad/min;
s3, carrying out spunlace treatment on the composite fiber web obtained in the step S2 for 25min by using atomized water to obtain a non-woven fabric substrate; wherein, the water punching treatment is carried out for 3 times, the first and second water punching treatment adopts round net type water punching, the third water punching treatment adopts platform type water punching, the water pressure of the water punching treatment is 30bar, and the number of water punching heads is 3;
s4, placing the non-woven fabric base material obtained in the step S3 into a fabric setting machine, setting the temperature at 130 ℃ for 15S, symmetrically folding the obtained material after setting, placing the material into a hot rolling mill for hot rolling treatment, controlling the temperature of the hot rolling mill at 150 ℃ and the pressure at 1kg/cm2After hot rolling is finished, obtaining a non-woven fabric finished product;
s5, uniformly mixing the bacteriostatic agent and deionized water to form bacteriostatic agent aqueous solution, heating the bacteriostatic agent aqueous solution to 35 ℃, then soaking the non-woven fabric finished product obtained in the step S4 in the bacteriostatic agent aqueous solution for 1h, and finally, sending the soaked non-woven fabric finished product into a dryer to dry for 15min to obtain the antibacterial non-woven fabric.
The preparation device of the environment-friendly easily-degradable antibacterial non-woven fabric used in the method of the embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, comprises a double-screw extruder, a spinning machine, a fabric setting machine and a dryer, wherein the double-screw extruder is used for melt extrusion of the mixed fiber material a and the mixed material B, the spinning machine is used for spinning a mixed melt formed by the mixed fiber material a and the mixed material B, and the fabric setting machine is used for setting the base of the non-woven fabric subjected to the spunlace treatment; the dryer is used for drying the formed non-woven fabric finished product, the fabric forming machine comprises a machine base 1, an upper forming press plate 2, a lower forming press plate 3, a guide roller 4, a winding drum 5 and a lower pressing component 6, the machine base 1 is hollow, the upper end of the machine base is provided with a mounting groove 10, the lower forming press plate 3 is movably clamped on the mounting groove 10 through a sliding column 30, a first damping spring 31 is arranged between the sliding column 30 and the mounting groove 10, two sides of the lower end surface of the upper forming press plate 2 are respectively provided with two sliding support rods 20, the upper forming press plate 2 is inserted on the machine base 1 through the sliding support rods 20, the movable support rod 20 extends into the machine base 1, the two sliding support rods 20 positioned at two sides in the machine base 1 are connected through a pull rod 21, the lower ends of the two pull rods 21 are respectively provided with a connecting rod 22, and one side of the upper shaping press plate 2 opposite to one side of the lower shaping press plate 3 is respectively provided with an electric heating plate 7; the two guide rollers 4 are arranged, the two guide rollers 4 are arranged at the head end of the base 1 in parallel up and down through the first mounting frame 40, third damping springs are arranged at the joints of the two guide rollers 4 and the first mounting frame 40, and the two guide rollers 4 are always close to each other through the arrangement of the third damping springs, so that wrinkles generated when the non-woven base cloth passes through the two guide rollers 4 are avoided, and the flatness of the shaped non-woven base cloth is improved; the winding drum 5 is arranged at the tail end of the base 1 through the second mounting frame 50, a rotary hand wheel 51 is arranged on the winding drum 5, the pressing component 6 comprises two guide slide bars 60 and a pressing plate 61, the two guide slide bars 60 are arranged in parallel at two sides inside the base 1, the two guide slide bars 60 are sleeved with a second damping spring 600, the pressing plate 61 is movably sleeved on the two guide slide bars 60 and abutted against the second damping spring 600, the upper end face of the pressing plate 61 is fixedly connected with the connecting rod 22, a pedal 610 is arranged on the pressing plate 61, the pedal 610 penetrates through the side wall of the base 1 and can move up and down along the side wall of the base 1.
Example 5: a preparation method of an environment-friendly easily-degradable antibacterial non-woven fabric comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of modified polyurethane fiber, 15 parts of alginate fiber, 13 parts of wood pulp cellulose, 6 parts of citric acid, 21 parts of glycidyl methacrylate, 2 parts of bacteriostatic agent, 1.2 parts of antioxidant and 120 parts of deionized water;
the bacteriostatic agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 18 parts of nano bamboo charcoal, 9 parts of potassium permanganate, 6 parts of chitosan, 9 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 7 parts of sodium hypochlorite solution, 3 parts of acetone solution and 5 parts of tween; the bacteriostatic agent in the proportion has a lasting antibacterial effect, has excellent biocompatibility and does not generate any stimulation to users in the using process;
the antioxidant is a mixture of titanium dioxide, quartz powder, dibutyl hydroxy toluene and butyl hydroxy anisol according to the mass ratio of 1:2:1: 3; the antioxidant in the proportion can avoid oxidation corrosion of the antibacterial non-woven fabric in the using process and the phenomenon of fiber breakage inside the antibacterial non-woven fabric, and prolong the service life of the antibacterial non-woven fabric;
the preparation method of the non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the modified polyurethane fiber, the alginate fiber and the wood pulp cellulose in a melting furnace, heating the materials to 175-215 ℃, and continuously stirring the materials in the heating process to obtain a mixed fiber material A; stirring and reacting citric acid, glycidyl methacrylate and an antioxidant at the temperature of 50 ℃ for 20 min; obtaining a mixed material B;
s2, feeding the mixed fiber material A and the mixed material B obtained in the step S1 into a double-screw extruder respectively to be melted into mixed melt; then putting the mixed melt into a spinning machine, spraying the mixed melt out of a spinneret plate of the spinning machine to form composite fiber strands, and then cooling, stretching, winding and carding to obtain a composite fiber web; the working temperature of the double-screw extruder is 215 ℃, the fineness of the composite fiber filament is 4dtex, and the rotating speed of a carding machine used for carding operation is 700 rad/min;
s3, carrying out spunlace treatment on the composite fiber web obtained in the step S2 for 28min by using atomized water to obtain a non-woven fabric substrate; wherein, the water punching treatment is carried out for 3 times, the first and second water punching treatment adopts round net type water punching, the third water punching treatment adopts platform type water punching, and the number of water punching heads is 7; the water pressure of the first water-jet treatment is 30bar, the water pressure of the second water-jet treatment is 40bar, the water pressure of the third water-jet treatment is 50bar, and the three water-jet treatments reduce the damage of internal fibers in the non-woven fabric preparation process, improve the uniformity of material distribution and improve the flatness of the surface of the non-woven fabric;
s4, placing the non-woven fabric base material obtained in the step S3 into a fabric setting machine, setting the temperature at 142 ℃ for 33S, symmetrically folding the obtained material after setting, placing the material into a hot rolling mill for hot rolling treatment, controlling the temperature of the hot rolling mill at 165 ℃ and the pressure at 2kg/cm2After hot rolling is finished, obtaining a non-woven fabric finished product;
s5, uniformly mixing the bacteriostatic agent and deionized water to form bacteriostatic agent aqueous solution, heating the bacteriostatic agent aqueous solution to 43 ℃, then soaking the non-woven fabric finished product obtained in the step S4 in the bacteriostatic agent aqueous solution for 2 hours, and finally, sending the soaked non-woven fabric finished product into a dryer to dry for 30 minutes to obtain the antibacterial non-woven fabric.
An environment-friendly and easily-degradable antibacterial non-woven fabric preparation device used in the method of the embodiment is shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4 and comprises a double-screw extruder, a spinning machine, a fabric setting machine and a dryer, wherein the double-screw extruder is used for melt extrusion of a mixed fiber material A and a mixed material B, the spinning machine is used for spinning a mixed melt formed by the mixed fiber material A and the mixed material B, and the fabric setting machine is used for setting the base part of a non-woven fabric subjected to spunlace treatment; the dryer is used for drying the formed non-woven fabric finished product, the fabric forming machine comprises a machine base 1, an upper forming press plate 2, a lower forming press plate 3, a guide roller 4, a winding drum 5 and a lower pressing component 6, the machine base 1 is hollow, the upper end of the machine base is provided with a mounting groove 10, the lower forming press plate 3 is movably clamped on the mounting groove 10 through a sliding column 30, a first damping spring 31 is arranged between the sliding column 30 and the mounting groove 10, two sides of the lower end surface of the upper forming press plate 2 are respectively provided with two sliding support rods 20, the upper forming press plate 2 is inserted on the machine base 1 through the sliding support rods 20, the movable support rod 20 extends into the machine base 1, the two sliding support rods 20 positioned at two sides in the machine base 1 are connected through a pull rod 21, the lower ends of the two pull rods 21 are respectively provided with a connecting rod 22, and one side of the upper shaping press plate 2 opposite to one side of the lower shaping press plate 3 is respectively provided with an electric heating plate 7; the two guide rollers 4 are arranged, the two guide rollers 4 are arranged at the head end of the base 1 in parallel up and down through the first mounting frame 40, third damping springs are arranged at the joints of the two guide rollers 4 and the first mounting frame 40, and the two guide rollers 4 are always close to each other through the arrangement of the third damping springs, so that wrinkles generated when the non-woven base cloth passes through the two guide rollers 4 are avoided, and the flatness of the shaped non-woven base cloth is improved; the winding drum 5 is arranged at the tail end of the base 1 through the second mounting frame 50, a rotary hand wheel 51 is arranged on the winding drum 5, the pressing component 6 comprises two guide slide bars 60 and a pressing plate 61, the two guide slide bars 60 are arranged in parallel at two sides inside the base 1, the two guide slide bars 60 are sleeved with a second damping spring 600, the pressing plate 61 is movably sleeved on the two guide slide bars 60 and abutted against the second damping spring 600, the upper end face of the pressing plate 61 is fixedly connected with the connecting rod 22, a pedal 610 is arranged on the pressing plate 61, the pedal 610 penetrates through the side wall of the base 1 and can move up and down along the side wall of the base 1.
Example 6: a preparation method of an environment-friendly easily-degradable antibacterial non-woven fabric comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45 parts of modified polyurethane fiber, 20 parts of alginate fiber, 18 parts of wood pulp cellulose, 8 parts of citric acid, 26 parts of glycidyl methacrylate, 3 parts of bacteriostatic agent, 2 parts of antioxidant and 25 parts of deionized water;
the bacteriostatic agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of nano bamboo charcoal, 12 parts of potassium permanganate, 7 parts of chitosan, 15 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 8 parts of sodium hypochlorite solution, 4 parts of acetone solution and 6 parts of tween; the bacteriostatic agent in the proportion has a lasting antibacterial effect, has excellent biocompatibility and does not generate any stimulation to users in the using process;
the antioxidant is a mixture of titanium dioxide, quartz powder, dibutyl hydroxy toluene and butyl hydroxy anisol according to the mass ratio of 1:2:1: 3; the antioxidant in the proportion can avoid oxidation corrosion of the antibacterial non-woven fabric in the using process and the phenomenon of fiber breakage inside the antibacterial non-woven fabric, and prolong the service life of the antibacterial non-woven fabric;
the preparation method of the wood pulp cellulose comprises the following steps: 1) pulverizing wood, and sieving with 80 mesh sieve to obtain wood powder with particle size of 0.15-0.195 mm; 2) dissolving the wood powder obtained in the step 1) in a sodium succinate solution with the mass concentration of 16% at room temperature, heating the mixture in water bath at 60 ℃, and mechanically stirring for reaction for 35 hours to obtain wood pulp cellulose, wherein the wood pulp cellulose prepared by the method not only realizes the sustainable utilization efficiency of natural resources, but also can improve the degradation efficiency of the antibacterial non-woven fabric, and avoids the pollution of the degraded non-woven fabric to the environment;
the preparation method of the modified polyurethane fiber comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing polyurethane and terephthalic acid solution according to a volume ratio of 1:4, then reacting for 2h under the condition of ultraviolet irradiation, taking out after the reaction is finished, centrifugally drying for 15min, finally drying for 3h at 160 ℃, and cooling to room temperature to obtain modified polyurethane fiber;
the preparation method of the non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:
s1, respectively carrying out sterile water cleaning on the modified polyurethane fibers and the alginate fibers for 6 times under the ventilation condition, then respectively soaking the modified polyurethane fibers and the alginate fibers in purified water at 55 ℃ for 35min, enabling the fibers to be fluffy through the operation, improving the use comfort of the antibacterial non-woven fabric, then placing the modified polyurethane fibers, the alginate fibers and the wood pulp cellulose in a melting furnace, heating the materials to 215 ℃, and continuously stirring the materials in the heating process to obtain a mixed fiber material A; stirring and reacting citric acid, glycidyl methacrylate and an antioxidant at the temperature of 60 ℃ for 25 min; obtaining a mixed material B;
s2, feeding the mixed fiber material A and the mixed material B obtained in the step S1 into a double-screw extruder respectively to be melted into mixed melt; then putting the mixed melt into a spinning machine, spraying the mixed melt out of a spinneret plate of the spinning machine to form composite fiber strands, and then cooling, stretching, winding and carding to obtain a composite fiber web; the working temperature of the double-screw extruder is 230 ℃, the fineness of the composite fiber filament is 5dtex, and the rotating speed of a carding machine used for carding operation is 900 rad/min;
s3, carrying out spunlace treatment on the composite fiber web obtained in the step S2 for 30min by using atomized water to obtain a non-woven fabric substrate; wherein, the water punching treatment is carried out for 3 times, the first and second water punching treatment adopts round net type water punching, the third water punching treatment adopts platform type water punching, and the number of water punching heads is 9; the water pressure of the first water-jet treatment is 40bar, the water pressure of the second water-jet treatment is 50bar, the water pressure of the third water-jet treatment is 70bar, and the three water-jet treatments reduce the damage of internal fibers in the non-woven fabric preparation process, improve the uniformity of material distribution and improve the flatness of the surface of the non-woven fabric;
s4, placing the non-woven fabric base material obtained in the step S3 into a fabric setting machine, setting the temperature at 150 ℃ for 45S, symmetrically folding the obtained material after setting, placing the material into a hot rolling mill for hot rolling treatment, controlling the temperature of the hot rolling mill at 180 ℃ and the pressure at 3kg/cm2After hot rolling is finished, obtaining a non-woven fabric finished product;
s5, uniformly mixing a bacteriostatic agent and deionized water to form a bacteriostatic agent aqueous solution, heating the bacteriostatic agent aqueous solution to 50 ℃, then soaking the non-woven fabric finished product obtained in the step S4 in the bacteriostatic agent aqueous solution for 3 hours, finally sending the soaked non-woven fabric finished product into a dryer to dry for 45 minutes to obtain an antibacterial non-woven fabric, then carrying out alcohol dipping treatment on the antibacterial non-woven fabric for 80 minutes under the ultrasonic condition, and carrying out pressure drying treatment after the treatment is finished, wherein the alcohol dipping treatment temperature is 50 ℃, the power of ultrasonic waves is 500W, and the use safety of the antibacterial non-woven fabric is improved by carrying out alcohol dipping treatment on the antibacterial non-woven fabric; and finally, spraying 15 parts of nano silver oxide powder on the surface of the antibacterial non-woven fabric in a gas sputtering mode, wherein the sputtering gas is argon, the working pressure during sputtering is 7Pa, the sputtering power is 50W, the sputtering time is 5min, and the nano silver oxide powder is sprayed on the surface of the antibacterial non-woven fabric by a gas sputtering method, so that the antibacterial effect of the nano silver oxide powder is utilized, the sterilization effect of the antibacterial non-woven fabric is further improved, and the use effect is improved.
The preparation device of the environment-friendly easily-degradable antibacterial non-woven fabric used in the method of the embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, comprises a double-screw extruder, a spinning machine, a fabric setting machine and a dryer, wherein the double-screw extruder is used for melt extrusion of the mixed fiber material a and the mixed material B, the spinning machine is used for spinning a mixed melt formed by the mixed fiber material a and the mixed material B, and the fabric setting machine is used for setting the base of the non-woven fabric subjected to the spunlace treatment; the drying machine is used for drying the formed non-woven fabric finished product, the fabric forming machine comprises a machine base, an upper forming press plate, a lower forming press plate, a guide roller, a winding drum and a lower pressing component, the machine base is hollow, the upper end of the machine base is provided with a mounting groove, the lower forming press plate is movably clamped on the mounting groove through a sliding column, a first damping spring is arranged between the sliding column and the mounting groove, two sides of the lower end surface of the upper forming press plate are respectively provided with two sliding support rods, the upper forming press plate is inserted in the machine base through the sliding support rods, the movable support rods extend into the machine base, the two sliding support rods positioned on the two sides in the machine base are connected through pull rods, the lower ends of the two pull rods are respectively provided with a connecting rod, and one side of the upper forming press plate, which is opposite to the lower forming press plate, is provided with an electric heating plate; the two guide rollers are arranged at the head end of the base through the first mounting frame in parallel up and down, the joints of the two guide rollers and the first mounting frame are provided with third damping springs, and the two guide rollers are always close to each other through the arrangement of the third damping springs, so that wrinkles generated when the non-woven base cloth passes through the two guide rollers are avoided, and the flatness of the shaped non-woven base cloth is improved; the winding drum passes through the tail end of second mounting bracket setting at the frame, be provided with rotatory hand wheel on the winding drum, the pushing down component includes direction slide bar and holding down plate, the direction slide bar is provided with two, two direction slide bars set up in the inside both sides of frame side by side, all the cover is equipped with second damping spring on two direction slide bars, holding down plate movable sleeve is established on two direction slide bars, and with second damping spring butt, holding down plate up end and connecting rod fixed connection, be provided with the pedal on the holding down plate, the pedal runs through the lateral wall of frame, and can reciprocate along the lateral wall of frame.
Test example: the antibacterial nonwoven fabrics obtained in the embodiments 1 to 6 of the present invention were subjected to antibacterial performance test and biodegradation residual weight rate test, and the test results are shown in table 1:
table 1, test results of antibacterial performance and biodegradation residual weight ratio of the antibacterial non-woven fabric under the non-use condition;
as can be seen from the data in table 1, in example 2, compared with example 1, since the modified polyurethane fibers and the alginate fibers are subjected to sterile water cleaning and pure water soaking before the step S1 is performed, the fibers are bulkier, and the use comfort and the antibacterial performance of the antibacterial non-woven fabric are improved; compared with the embodiment 1, the embodiment 3 has the advantages that the antibacterial non-woven fabric is subjected to alcohol dipping treatment, and the nano silver oxide powder is sprayed on the surface of the antibacterial non-woven fabric by a gas sputtering method, so that the antibacterial effect of the nano silver oxide powder is further improved, and the using effect is improved; compared with the embodiment 1, the wood pulp cellulose and the modified polyurethane fiber prepared by the method improve the degradation efficiency of the antibacterial non-woven fabric, and avoid the pollution of the degraded non-woven fabric to the environment; compared with the embodiment 1, the embodiment 5 has the advantages that three times of spunlace treatment are carried out at different spunlace pressures in the preparation process of the non-woven fabric base material, so that the damage to internal fibers in the non-woven fabric in the preparation process is reduced, the uniformity of material distribution is improved, and the antibacterial performance is improved; compared with the examples 1 to 5, the antibacterial rate and the biodegradation residual weight rate of the obtained antibacterial non-woven fabric are further improved due to comprehensive optimization of all favorable conditions.