Tolerance compensation device
阅读说明:本技术 公差补偿装置 (Tolerance compensation device ) 是由 哈里·普尔温 于 2018-12-05 设计创作,主要内容包括:本发明涉及一种用于补偿彼此将要连接的两个部件之间的公差的装置,其具有:可固定到第一部件的螺纹元件;螺纹螺栓,其具有第一螺纹部分、螺栓套环和第二螺纹部分,第一螺纹部分与螺纹元件处于第一螺纹接合;以及螺母,其能够与第二螺纹部分形成第二螺纹接合,其中所述第一螺纹接合和所述第二螺纹接合被设计成具有相反的方式;并且其中螺母可用于在螺纹螺栓和螺母之间产生摩擦配合或形状配合,使得当螺母被拧上时,螺纹螺栓可在第二螺纹部分上相对于螺纹元件移动。(The invention relates to a device for compensating for tolerances between two components to be connected to one another, comprising: a threaded element securable to the first component; a threaded bolt having a first threaded portion, a bolt collar and a second threaded portion, the first threaded portion in a first threaded engagement with the threaded element; and a nut configured to form a second threaded engagement with a second threaded portion, wherein the first threaded engagement and the second threaded engagement are designed to have opposite manners; and wherein the nut may be used to create a friction fit or form fit between the threaded bolt and the nut such that the threaded bolt may move relative to the threaded element on the second threaded portion when the nut is screwed on.)
1. An apparatus for compensating for tolerances between two parts (34, 36) to be joined to each other, comprising: a threaded element (10, 46) fastenable to the first component (34); a threaded bolt (12), the threaded bolt (12) having a first threaded portion (22), a bolt collar (26) and a second threaded portion (24), the first threaded portion (22) being in a first threaded engagement with the threaded element (10, 46); and a threaded nut (14), the threaded nut (14) being capable of forming a second threaded engagement with the second threaded portion (24), wherein the first and second threaded engagements are formed in an opposite manner; and wherein a friction lock or form fit can be created between the threaded bolt (12) and the threaded nut (14) by means of the threaded nut (14) such that the threaded bolt (12) is movable relative to the threaded element (10, 46) when the threaded nut (14) is screwed onto the second threaded portion (24).
2. The device of claim 1, wherein the first threaded portion (22) forms a left-hand thread and the second threaded portion (24) forms a right-hand thread.
3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first threaded portion (22) forms an external thread and the threaded element comprises a threaded bushing (10).
4. The device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first threaded portion (22) forms an internal thread and the threaded element comprises a stud (46).
5. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bolt collar (26) forms a contact surface (44) for contact with a second component (36).
6. The device of claim 5, wherein the contact surface (44) of the bolt collar (26) is planar.
7. The device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the contact surface (44) of the bolt collar (26) is oriented at right angles to the longitudinal centre axis of the threaded bolt (12).
8. The arrangement according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the contact surface (44) of the bolt collar (26) extends obliquely with respect to a longitudinal centre axis of the threaded bolt (12).
9. Device according to at least one of the claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the contact surface (44) is provided with a sealing element.
10. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the threaded nut (14) forms a contact surface for contact with a second component (36).
11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that the contact surface of the threaded nut is oriented at right angles to the longitudinal centre axis of the threaded bolt (12).
12. The arrangement according to claim 10, characterized in that the contact surface of the threaded nut extends obliquely with respect to a longitudinal centre axis of the threaded bolt (12).
13. Device according to at least one of the claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the contact surface of the threaded nut (14) is formed by a collar (30) protruding radially outwards.
14. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the threaded nut (14) is a standard nut or a self-locking nut.
15. The device according to at least one of the claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the threaded nut (14) has a friction element (16) for producing a friction lock between the threaded bolt (12) and the threaded nut (14).
16. The arrangement according to claim 15, characterized in that the internal thread (32) of the threaded nut (14) is arranged in a portion facing the bolt collar (26) and the friction element (16) is arranged in a portion of the threaded nut (14) facing away from the bolt collar (26).
17. Device according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that the friction element (16) is an elastic element, in particular formed by an elastic metal sheet bent into a U-shape or bent into a ring shape, and having a plurality of lugs projecting radially inwards.
18. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by a transport fixing device for fixing the threaded bolt (12) which is screwed together with the threaded element (10, 46) at least approximately maximally.
19. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the shipping fixture comprises: a first locking device (38) formed at the threaded element (10); and a respective second locking means (40) formed at the bolt collar (26), in particular each of the locking means (38, 40) is formed by a protrusion, preferably at least one flexible protrusion, and/or one locking means is formed by a protrusion, preferably a flexible protrusion, while the other locking means is formed by a recess or a flexible locking area.
20. Device according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that the threaded bolt (12) is screwed to the threaded element (10) to form the transport fixture.
21. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the threaded bolt (12) is provided with an engagement feature (28), in particular an engagement feature (28) in the region of the end of the threaded bolt (12) remote from the threaded element (10, 46).
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device for compensating for tolerances between two components to be connected to each other.
Background
Such devices are generally known and are used, for example, in the construction of motor vehicles to bridge or compensate for the spacing that exists between two components at the connection of the components, which spacing will vary due to manufacturing tolerances, which tolerances cannot be known precisely in advance.
Disclosure of Invention
The main object of the present invention is to provide a tolerance compensation device, which is characterized by a particularly simplified design and which is suitable for such applications: wherein one component has been provided with studs when it is transported to the position of connection with the second component.
A device having the features of claim 1 is provided to meet this object.
The device according to the invention for compensating for tolerances between two components to be connected to each other comprises: a threaded element securable to the first component; a threaded bolt having a first threaded portion in a first threaded engagement with the threaded element, a bolt collar, and a second threaded portion; and a threaded nut capable of forming a second threaded engagement with the second threaded portion, wherein the first and second threaded engagements are formed in opposite directions; and wherein a friction lock or form fit can be produced between the threaded bolt and the threaded nut by the threaded nut such that the threaded bolt is movable relative to the threaded element when the threaded nut is screwed onto the second threaded portion.
The invention is based upon an idea, in general, that: instead of providing a connection screw for connecting the components and conventionally inserted through tolerance compensation means, and using a threaded nut screwed onto the second threaded portion of the threaded bolt, the threaded bolt is provided with opposing threaded portions such that-due to the increased friction locking or form fit between the threaded nut and the threaded bolt and the opposing threaded portions-the threaded bolt is automatically unscrewed from the threaded element or unscrewed from the threaded element until the bolt collar comes into contact with the second component, thereby preventing further rotation of the threaded bolt and thus the threaded nut can be tightened.
According to the invention, tolerance compensation is thus carried out by the connecting device itself, i.e. by the threaded bolt, so that the conventionally present base element and compensating element can be omitted, thereby not only simplifying the design and function of the tolerance compensation device according to the invention, but also achieving a particularly compact construction. Furthermore, the connection of the first and second component, which is sealed against external influences and cannot be easily produced by conventional tolerance compensation devices, can be carried out in a particularly simple manner by means of the tolerance compensation device according to the invention.
Furthermore, a threaded bolt screwed into or onto a threaded element can easily be preassembled at the first component by rotationally fixedly securing the threaded element to the component in a suitable manner, for example by pressing, gluing in or onto it, inserting or molding, screwing or screwing on or onto it, clipping or clamping on or by means of a bayonet fastener. It should be understood that other suitable attachment methods are also contemplated.
Advantageous embodiments of the invention can be seen from the dependent claims, the description and the drawings.
In order to be able to screw the threaded nut clockwise onto the threaded bolt in the usual manner, the first threaded portion advantageously forms a left-hand thread and the second threaded portion forms a right-hand thread. However, in general, the reverse arrangement is also conceivable, according to which the first thread part forms a right-hand thread and the second thread part forms a left-hand thread.
According to one embodiment, the first threaded portion forms an external thread and the threaded element comprises a threaded bushing. The threaded bushing may be designed as a single part or as multiple parts and may be formed, for example, from a metal material or a plastic material or from a combination of metal and plastic parts. However, according to alternative embodiments, the first threaded portion may also form an internal thread, and the threaded element may comprise a stud.
If the first and second threaded portions are each formed as an external thread, the threaded portions can thus be separated from each other by the bolt collar. If, on the other hand, the first thread part forms an internal thread and the second thread part forms an external thread, these thread parts may at least partially overlap, viewed in the axial direction.
The bolt collar preferably forms a contact surface for contact with the second component. If the threaded bolt has moved along the threaded element far enough to bridge the space between the first and second component, the threaded bolt may be supported at the second component via the contact surface.
In order to reduce the forces exerted on the second component in the axial direction by the bolt collar abutting the second component, and in order to safely exert the necessary tightening torque of the threaded nut, the contact surfaces are advantageously formed such that contact between the bolt collar and the second component is ensured in any case in the outer circumferential region of the bolt collar.
For an ideal force transmission between the second component and the threaded bolt, the contact surface is ideally adapted to the respective surface area of the second component. For example, the contact surface of the bolt collar may be planar. According to one embodiment, the contact surface of the bolt collar is oriented at right angles to the longitudinal centre axis of the threaded bolt. Alternatively, however, the contact surface may also extend obliquely with respect to the longitudinal center axis of the threaded bolt, for example, in order to ensure an additional tensioning of the components to be connected.
According to another embodiment the contact surface is provided with a sealing element to give the threaded bolt a sealing function enabling wet/dry space separation.
The threaded nut preferably also forms a contact surface for contact with the second component. The contact surface of the threaded nut may for example be formed by a collar protruding radially outwards. The contact surface of the threaded nut is ideally also adapted to the corresponding surface area of the second component, similar to the case of the contact surface of the threaded bolt. Thus, the contact surface of the threaded nut may also be oriented at right angles to the longitudinal centre axis of the threaded bolt, or may extend obliquely with respect to the longitudinal centre axis of the threaded bolt.
Generally, if the second threaded engagement is more difficult than the first threaded engagement, i.e. the friction in the second threaded engagement is greater than the friction in the first threaded engagement, or if there is a form fit in the second threaded engagement, the threaded bolt moves relative to the threaded element when the threaded nut is screwed onto the threaded bolt.
For this purpose, according to one embodiment, the threaded nut has a friction element for creating a friction lock between the threaded bolt and the threaded nut.
For example, the internal thread of the threaded nut may be arranged in the portion facing the bolt collar and the friction element may be arranged in the portion of the threaded nut remote from the bolt collar. In this way, before the friction element is engaged with the threaded bolt, the threaded nut may first be easily screwed onto the threaded bolt for initial connection with the threaded bolt and provide an increased resistance or an increased friction between the threaded nut and the threaded bolt by which the threaded bolt is entrained and moved relative to the threaded element until the bolt collar abuts the second component. It will be appreciated that the friction element is preferably rotationally fixedly supported in the threaded nut for the desired entrainment of the threaded bolt, and that the force exerted by the friction element on the threaded bolt is ideally selected such that the threaded bolt can actually rotate relative to the threaded element, but when the bolt collar has come into contact with the second component and the bolt cannot rotate further, the threaded nut can still be tightened by the permitted torque.
The friction element may be an elastic element. For example, the resilient element may be formed from a resilient metal sheet bent into a U-shape. Alternatively, the spring element may be formed from a resilient metal sheet bent into a ring shape and having a plurality of radially inwardly projecting lugs. Such an annular spring element contributes to the centering of the threaded bolt in the threaded nut, in particular when the lugs are arranged evenly distributed, viewed in the circumferential direction. It should be understood that other suitable designs of the resilient element are generally conceivable. Further, the friction member may be formed of a plastic material or a rubber material.
Usually, the tolerance compensation device according to the invention also works with a threaded nut without additional friction elements. For example, the threaded nut may be a standard nut, such as a typical hex nut, whereby the tolerance compensation means as a whole becomes cheaper. In this case, the torque required to move the threaded bolt relative to the threaded element is transmitted to the threaded bolt by the threaded nut screwed onto the threaded bolt, at the latest from the moment the threaded nut abuts the second component, so that the threaded bolt is raised.
Furthermore, because a self-locking nut is used as the threaded nut, an increased friction in the second threaded engagement can be achieved. Such a threaded nut has the additional advantage that it is secured against unintentional loosening in the mounted state of the tolerance compensation device.
If the threaded nut is not a self-locking nut, but for example a typical hexagonal nut or a threaded nut with additional friction elements, the possibility of securing against unintentional loosening of the threaded nut is sufficiently known to the person skilled in the art.
According to another embodiment, a transport fixture for fixing the threaded bolt which is at least approximately maximally tightened together with the threaded element is provided. The transport securing device prevents the threaded bolt from loosening from the threaded element, in particular from being unintentionally unscrewed from the threaded bushing, or from being unscrewed from the stud, for example when transporting the tolerance compensation device to a customer, or when the first component is transported to the second component together with the threaded bushing and the threaded bolt previously assembled thereon.
For example, the transport securing device can be realized as a threaded bolt, in particular a threaded bolt with a defined torque which is screwed onto the threaded element in a force-fitting manner, i.e. into a threaded bushing or onto a stud bolt. Alternatively or additionally, the shipping fixture may include a first locking means formed at the threaded element and a corresponding second locking means formed at the bolt collar. According to one embodiment, each locking means is formed by a protrusion, in particular by at least one flexible protrusion. Alternatively, however, one locking means may also be formed by a protrusion, in particular a flexible protrusion, while the other locking means may be formed by a groove, a flexible locking region or the like.
According to another preferred embodiment, the threaded bolt is provided with an engagement feature, in particular in the region of its end remote from the threaded element. Such engagement features may effect external engagement or internal engagement and may, for example, be configured in the form of external or internal hexagons, cross-recesses, Torx screws, etc., and facilitate the threading of threaded bolts into threaded bushings.
Drawings
The invention will be described below, by way of example only, with reference to possible embodiments and the accompanying drawings. The figures show that:
FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a tolerance compensating device according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a threaded nut of the tolerance compensation device of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view of the tolerance compensating device of FIG. 1 prior to the two components being connected;
FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view of the tolerance compensating device of FIG. 1 during connection of two components;
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of a tolerance compensating device according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view of the tolerance compensating device of FIG. 4 prior to the two components being connected; and
FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view of the tolerance compensating device of FIG. 4 during connection of two components.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment of the tolerance compensation device shown in fig. 1 to 3 comprises: a threaded element in the form of a threaded
The threaded
The threaded
In the embodiment shown, the threaded
Furthermore, the threaded
The tolerance compensation device serves to connect two
first, the threaded
In order to prevent the threaded
Next, the
To connect the
As the threaded
In the present embodiment, the
In fig. 4 and 5, a second embodiment of a tolerance compensation device according to the invention is shown, which is functionally identical to the first embodiment described above and differs from the first embodiment only in the design features described below.
First of all, the threaded element of the second embodiment is not designed in the form of a threaded
Correspondingly, the threaded
Unlike the first embodiment, according to the second embodiment, the first and second threaded
In a further difference to the first exemplary embodiment, the
List of reference numerals
10 screw thread bush
12 thread bolt
14 screw nut
16 Friction element
18 flange
20 internal screw thread
22 first threaded portion
24 second threaded portion
26 bolt lantern ring
28 engagement feature
30 ringer ring
32 internal screw thread
34 first part
36 second part
38 locking device
40 locking device
42 holes
44 contact surface
46 stud
48 external screw thread
50 threaded hole
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