阅读说明：本技术 数控机床自动编程方法 (Automatic programming method for numerical control machine tool ) 是由 李开玉 赵环宇 赵晓蕊 王跃 于 2020-06-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及数控加工领域,特别是一种数控机床自动编程方法,包括：更新加工数据步骤：记录叶片类型信息,并基于当前叶片类型的特征数据,生成对应的加工过程方案,并记录；其中,所述特征数据为叶片各项几何元素的具体数据；执行加工步骤：当待加工叶片为已知叶片类型时,更新特征数据,调取对应类型的加工过程方案,生成数控加工程序并执行。本发明针对汽轮机叶片数量多,形状大致相同,批量小的特点,利用已记录的叶片类型信息,及对应的标准加工数据,通过更新特征信息,便可自动生成相应的加工程序,减少工程师的重复性劳动,提高人员效率,减少了人工成本,并且减少人为错误造成的产品报废率,节约生产成本,提高在同行业的竞争优势。(The invention relates to the field of numerical control machining, in particular to an automatic programming method of a numerical control machine tool, which comprises the following steps: updating processing data: recording the blade type information, generating a corresponding processing process scheme based on the characteristic data of the current blade type, and recording; wherein the characteristic data is specific data of various geometric elements of the blade; executing a processing step: and when the blade to be machined is of a known blade type, updating the characteristic data, calling a machining process scheme of a corresponding type, generating a numerical control machining program and executing the numerical control machining program. Aiming at the characteristics of large quantity, approximately same shape and small batch of the blades of the steam turbine, the recorded blade type information and the corresponding standard processing data are utilized, and the corresponding processing program can be automatically generated by updating the characteristic information, so that the repetitive labor of engineers is reduced, the personnel efficiency is improved, the labor cost is reduced, the product rejection rate caused by human errors is reduced, the production cost is saved, and the competitive advantage in the same industry is improved.)

1. An automatic programming method of a numerical control machine tool is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

updating processing data: recording the blade type information, generating a corresponding processing process scheme based on the characteristic data of the current blade type, and recording; wherein the characteristic data is specific data of various geometric elements of the blade;

executing a processing step: and when the blade to be machined is of a known blade type, updating the characteristic data, calling a machining process scheme of a corresponding type, generating a numerical control machining program and executing the numerical control machining program.

2. The automatic programming method of numerical control machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step of updating the processing data, the process of generating the processing procedure scheme specifically includes:

identifying and recording the blade type;

identifying the characteristic data of a plurality of positions/shapes by using characteristic parameters to obtain a characteristic parameter table;

constructing a three-dimensional model based on the characteristic parameter table;

and (4) formulating a processing process scheme, including tool selection, tool cutting parameters and path planning, and recording.

3. The automatic programming method of numerical control machine tools according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the step of executing blade machining, before generating and executing the numerical control machining program, the method further includes:

judging the type of the blade to be processed: when the blade to be processed is of unknown blade type, skipping to execute the step of updating the processing data, otherwise, skipping to execute the step of updating the processing data

Correspondingly updating the characteristic parameter table of the characteristic information of the blade to be processed; based on the blade type, a corresponding machining process scheme is invoked.

4. The automatic programming method of numerical control machine according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: in the processing scheme, the selection of the cutter comprises selecting a general cutter and selecting a selected cutter; the universal cutter is the cutter type or number which is universal for processing any blade under the current blade type, and the selected cutter is the cutter type or number which is selected based on one or more characteristic parameters specified in the parameter table.

5. The automatic programming method of numerical control machine according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: the tool cutting parameters further comprise tool rotation speed, feed speed and direction, cutting depth, cutting width and feed quantity.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of numerical control machining, in particular to an automatic programming method of a numerical control machine tool.

Background

The moving blade of the steam turbine usually comprises a blade root, a blade profile, a shroud band and the like, and has a complex shape and structure, and a 5-axis numerical control machine tool is widely adopted at present to realize the processing of the moving blade of the steam turbine. The original processing mode is that according to each blade drawing and characteristic parameters, three-dimensional modeling is carried out on a blade root, a blade profile and a shroud, a cutter is selected, a cutter processing path is designed according to the size of the blade, a processing program is generated and executed by a machine tool, and the whole process consumes hours of a CNC programming engineer.

The number of blades of each stage of a steam turbine is different, the size of each stage of blade is different, the shape of a blade root groove is different, the back plane and the inner plane of a blade root and a shroud band, a steam outlet side surface and a steam inlet side surface are not parallel to each other and have an angular relationship, and the like.

The existing blade processing method obviously cannot meet the market requirements.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention overcomes the defects and provides the automatic programming method of the numerical control machine tool, which effectively improves the efficiency and the yield.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: an automatic programming method for a numerical control machine tool comprises the following steps:

updating processing data: recording the blade type information, generating a corresponding processing process scheme based on the characteristic data of the current blade type, and recording; wherein the characteristic data is specific data of various geometric elements of the blade;

executing a processing step: and when the blade to be machined is of a known blade type, updating the characteristic data, calling a machining process scheme of a corresponding type, generating a numerical control machining program and executing the numerical control machining program.

Further, in the step of updating the processing data, the process of generating the processing procedure plan may specifically include:

identifying and recording the blade type;

identifying the characteristic data of a plurality of positions/shapes by using characteristic parameters to obtain a characteristic parameter table;

constructing a three-dimensional model based on the characteristic parameter table;

and (4) formulating a processing process scheme, including tool selection, tool cutting parameters and path planning, and recording.

Further, in the processing scheme, the selection of the tool may include selecting a general tool and selecting a selected tool; the universal cutter is the cutter type or number which is universal for processing any blade under the current blade type, and the selected cutter is the cutter type or number which is selected based on one or more characteristic parameters specified in the parameter table.

Further, in the step of performing blade machining, before the step of generating and performing the numerical control machining program, the method may further include:

judging the type of the blade to be processed: when the blade to be processed is of unknown blade type, skipping to execute the step of updating the processing data, otherwise, skipping to execute the step of updating the processing data

Correspondingly updating the characteristic parameter table of the characteristic information of the blade to be processed; based on the blade type, a corresponding machining process scheme is invoked.

Further, the tool cutting parameters may further include tool rotation speed, feed speed and direction, cutting depth, cutting width, and feed number.

Aiming at the characteristics of large quantity, approximately same shape and small batch of the blades of the steam turbine, the recorded blade type information and the corresponding standard processing data are utilized, and the corresponding processing program can be automatically generated by updating the characteristic information, so that the repetitive labor of engineers is reduced, the personnel efficiency is improved, the labor cost is reduced, the product rejection rate caused by human errors is reduced, the production cost is saved, and the competitive advantage in the same industry is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a steam turbine rotor blade;

fig. 2 is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention discloses an automatic programming method of a numerical control machine tool, which comprises the following steps

Updating processing data: recording the blade type information, generating a corresponding processing process scheme based on the characteristic data of the current blade type, and recording;

executing a processing step: and when the blade to be machined is of a known blade type, updating the characteristic data, calling a machining process scheme of a corresponding type, and generating a machining program.

The following describes the present invention in detail with reference to specific embodiments to realize the machining of the moving blade of the steam turbine.

Steam turbine moving blades are mainly classified into two categories: left hand blades and right hand blades. As shown in FIG. 1, which is a schematic structural view of a left-hand blade, the blade mainly comprises a blade root, a blade profile and a shroud, wherein the blade profile is positioned between the blade root and the shroud. The blade root comprises a blade root back plane 4, an inner plane 1, a steam outlet side surface 2, a steam inlet side surface 3, a blade root end surface 10 and a blade root groove 5, wherein the blade root groove 5 is respectively positioned on the steam outlet side surface and the steam inlet side surface; the shroud ring comprises a shroud ring back plane 8, an inner plane 6, a steam outlet side surface 7, a steam inlet side surface 9 and a shroud ring groove 11.

As shown in fig. 2, is a flow chart of the preferred embodiment.

Step 1: firstly, judging the type of a blade to be machined, jumping to enter a step of updating machining data when the blade to be machined is of an unknown blade type, and entering an execution machining step when the blade to be machined is of a known blade type.

The step of updating the processing data further comprises the following steps of 2-5:

step 2: and recording and identifying blade types, wherein the blade types are distinguished by the shapes of blade roots or/and shrouds, left-hand blades, right-hand blades and the like, so that the structural characteristics of the positions/shapes of each blade type are consistent, and only specific characteristic data are different. The characteristic data is specific data of various geometric elements of the blade, such as the size, angle, radius and the like of various points, lines, surfaces, circular arcs and the like.

And step 3: identifying the characteristic data of a plurality of positions/shapes of the blade by using characteristic parameters to obtain a characteristic parameter table;

the characteristic data are identified by letters, for example, the length of a blade root back plane 4 is defined as a characteristic parameter BF, the width of a blade root groove 5 is defined as a characteristic parameter BH, the width of a shroud back plane 8 is defined as a characteristic parameter PD … …, and all the defined characteristic parameters and the characteristic data are collected into a parameter table, namely BF is 50mm, BH is 30mm, … … mm

And 4, step 4: constructing a three-dimensional model based on the characteristic data corresponding to the characteristic parameters in the characteristic parameter table;

and 5: and formulating a standard processing process scheme, including tool selection, tool cutting parameters and path planning, and recording.

In the scheme of the machining process, the selection of the cutter comprises the selection of a general cutter and the selection of a selected cutter. The universal cutter is a cutter model or a serial number which is commonly used for machining any blade under the current blade type, the selected cutter is one or more characteristic parameters specified in a parameter table, if the selected cutter model or the serial number is 20 in width and 2 in fillet R, the corresponding slot cutter T2-1 is selected, and if the slot width is 30 in width and the fillet R is 3 in fillet R, the corresponding slot cutter T2-2 is selected, and the like.

The processing data specifically comprises:

5.1 selecting a universal cutter T1 as an end face milling cutter, roughly machining each plane, wherein each plane comprises a shroud inner plane 6, a blade root inner plane 1, a shroud steam inlet side surface 9, a blade root steam inlet side surface 3, a shroud back plane 8, a blade root inner plane 1, a shroud steam outlet side surface 7 and a blade root steam outlet side surface 2; each plane has a reserve of 0.1 mm; calculating the cutting depth, the feed quantity and the like of the cutter according to the height of the blade root and the shroud and the cutting width of the cutter;

5.2 selecting a tool T2 as a groove cutter, roughly machining a large groove at the blade root, machining the large groove at the steam outlet side, and then machining the large groove at the steam inlet side; when the corresponding slot cutter T2-1 is selected, the cutting width of the cutter, the cutting depth, the number of feeds, etc. of the cutter are calculated, when the corresponding slot cutter T2-2 is selected, the cutting depth, the number of feeds, etc. of the cutter are calculated,

the same applies as follows:

5.3, selecting a tool T3 as a groove cutter, roughly machining a small groove of a blade root, machining the small groove on the steam inlet side firstly, and then machining the small groove on the steam outlet side;

5.4 selecting a universal cutter T4, roughly machining the end face and the end face chamfer of the blade root, firstly machining the root end face and the end face chamfer of the steam outlet side, and then machining the root end face and the end face chamfer of the steam inlet side; respectively keeping 0.1mm in the radial direction and the axial direction; calculating the feed quantity of the cutter according to the depth of the blade root chamfer and the end surface and the cutting depth of the cutter;

5.5, selecting a universal cutter T5, and finely machining each plane, wherein each plane comprises a shroud inner plane 6, a blade root inner plane 1, a shroud steam inlet side surface 9, a blade root steam inlet side surface 3, a shroud back plane 8, a shroud inner plane 6, a shroud steam outlet side surface 7 and a blade root steam outlet side surface 2; calculating the feed quantity of the cutter according to the height of the blade root and the shroud and the cutting width of the cutter;

5.6 according to the size of the chamfer, selecting a selected cutter T6 as a chamfer milling cutter, and finely machining two chamfers at the blade root;

5.7 selecting a selected cutter T7 as a groove cutter to finish machining the large groove of the blade root;

5.8 selecting a selected cutter T8 as a groove cutter to finish machining the small groove of the blade root;

5.9 selecting a selected cutter T9 as a groove cutter to finish machining the special small groove of the blade root;

5.10 selecting a universal cutter T10 as a milling cutter to finish the end surface of the blade root; and so on.

And corresponding and recording the machining data comprising the model or the number selected by the cutter, the cutting parameters of the cutter and the path plan with the type of the blade. Wherein, the cutting parameters of the tool further comprise the rotating speed, the feeding speed and direction, the cutting depth, the cutting width, the feed quantity and the like of the tool.

And 7: and (5) generating a numerical control machining program based on the characteristic parameter table in the steps 4 and 5 and the formulated and recorded machining process scheme, and executing a specific machining process by the numerical control machine.

The executing step further includes:

step 6: and correspondingly updating the characteristic parameter table of the characteristic information of the blade to be processed, and calling a corresponding processing process scheme based on the type of the blade.

And 7: and (4) generating a numerical control machining program by utilizing the characteristic parameter table and the machining process scheme in the step (6), and executing a specific machining process by the numerical control machine.

According to the description, the corresponding processing process scheme is called through the blade type information, and the corresponding processing program is automatically generated through updating the characteristic information, so that the working efficiency of an engineer is greatly improved, and the workload of the previous hours is reduced to less than half an hour; but also avoids the blade scrapping caused by human error; and a solid foundation is laid for the standard streamlined production of the blade workshop.

The above detailed description of the automatic programming method for a numerical control machine provided by the present invention has been made, and the principle and the embodiment of the present invention are explained herein by using specific examples, it should be noted that the above description of the embodiments is only used to help understanding the method of the present invention and the core idea thereof, and the method for machining a moving blade of a steam turbine by using a numerical control machine is exemplarily explained.