阅读说明：本技术 一种煤矸石提取腐植酸的方法 (Method for extracting humic acid from coal gangue ) 是由 钟仁华 蔡红春 李威 朱娟 彭聪胤 钟雪鑫 于 2020-08-01 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种煤矸石提取腐植酸的方法,包括如下步骤：步骤一、将煤矸石磨碎,得到煤矸石颗粒,然后取100目以下的煤矸石颗粒与pH为8-11的氢氧化钠溶液混合得到混合溶液；步骤二、混合溶液中的沉淀去除得到清液；步骤三、将清液与pH为3-5的乙酸溶液混合,静置得到沉淀和上清液,沉淀即为腐植酸。本发明有效提取出了煤矸石中的腐殖酸,充分利用了肥料,并且实现了腐殖酸的快速连续提取。(The invention discloses a method for extracting humic acid from coal gangue, which comprises the following steps: grinding coal gangue to obtain coal gangue particles, and mixing the coal gangue particles with the particle size of less than 100 meshes with a sodium hydroxide solution with the pH value of 8-11 to obtain a mixed solution; removing the precipitate in the mixed solution to obtain clear liquid; and step three, mixing the clear liquid with an acetic acid solution with the pH value of 3-5, and standing to obtain a precipitate and a supernatant, wherein the precipitate is humic acid. The invention effectively extracts the humic acid from the coal gangue, fully utilizes the fertilizer and realizes the rapid and continuous extraction of the humic acid.)

1. The method for extracting humic acid from coal gangue is characterized by comprising the following steps:

grinding coal gangue to obtain coal gangue particles, and mixing the coal gangue particles with the particle size of less than 100 meshes with a sodium hydroxide solution with the pH value of 8-11 to obtain a mixed solution;

removing the precipitate in the mixed solution to obtain clear liquid;

and step three, mixing the clear liquid with an acetic acid solution with the pH value of 3-5, and standing to obtain a precipitate and a supernatant, wherein the precipitate is humic acid.

2. The method for extracting humic acid from coal gangue as claimed in claim 1, wherein the coal gangue is ground in a grinder; the grinding machine comprises a shell (1), wherein a feeding hole (2) is formed in the top of the shell (1), a conical grinding bottom (3) is formed in the bottom of the shell, a rotating device (4) is connected to the bottom of the conical grinding bottom (3), and the upper surface of the conical grinding bottom is wavy; the top of the conical grinding bottom (3) is connected with a grinding cylinder (5); the grinding cylinder (5) is communicated with an air suction pipe (6), and an air inlet of the air suction pipe (6) is provided with a filter screen (7); an air pump (8) is arranged on the air suction pipe (6); the coal gangue particles are absorbed into the air suction pipe (6) by the air suction pipe (6);

a spray header (9) is arranged in the air suction pipe (6), the spray header (9) is communicated with a sodium hydroxide storage tank (11) and a stirring tank (12) through a communicating pipe (10), and a first hydraulic pump (15) is arranged on the communicating pipe (10); the spray header (9) sprays sodium hydroxide solution and enters the stirring tank (12) to be mixed with the coal gangue particles, so that humic acid in the coal gangue and sodium hydroxide generate sodium humate which is easy to dissolve in water;

the stirring tank (12) is communicated with a cyclone precipitator (38); the cyclone precipitator (38) is communicated with an acid liquid mixing device (13), and the acid liquid mixing device (13) is communicated with a static precipitation device (14); the cyclone precipitator (38) precipitates insoluble substances in the mixed solution, and clear solution and acetic acid solution are mixed in the acid solution mixing device (13) and then enter the static precipitation device (14) for static separation to obtain precipitate and supernatant, wherein the precipitate is humic acid.

3. The method for extracting humic acid from coal gangue as claimed in claim 2, wherein the rotating device (4) is a motor, and the filter screen (7) is a 100-mesh filter screen.

4. The method for extracting humic acid from coal gangue as claimed in claim 2, wherein the upper part of the stirring tank (12) is provided with a filter screen (16), the top part is provided with an air outlet pipe (17), the bottom part is communicated with the communicating pipe (10), and the middle part is communicated with the cyclone precipitator (38).

5. The method for extracting humic acid from coal gangue as claimed in claim 2, wherein the bottom of the communicating pipe (10) is fixed with a bearing (19) through a connecting rod (18), and the bearing (19) is coupled with a propeller (20).

6. The method for extracting humic acid from coal gangue as claimed in claim 2, wherein the top of the cyclone precipitator (38) is communicated with a buffer tank (30), the buffer tank (30) is communicated with the acid liquid mixing device (13) through a liquid outlet pipe (21), and a liquid level meter (31) is arranged in the buffer tank (30); the acid liquor mixing device (13) comprises a liquid mixing box (24), and a clear liquid spray head (22) and an acid liquor spray head (23) are installed in the liquid mixing box (24); the clear liquid spray head (22) and the acid liquor spray head (23) are arranged oppositely, the clear liquid spray head (22) is communicated with the liquid outlet pipe (21), and the acid liquor spray head (23) is communicated with the acid liquor tank (26) through an acid liquor pipe (25); flow rate meters (27) are respectively arranged on the acid liquid pipe (25) and the liquid outlet pipe (21); a first water pump (28) is arranged on the liquid outlet pipe (21), and a second water pump (29) is arranged on the acid liquid pipe (25); the liquid level meter (31) is wirelessly connected with the first water pump (28); the flow velocity meters (27) are all wirelessly connected with the second water pump (29).

7. The method for extracting humic acid from coal gangue as claimed in claim 6, wherein the static sedimentation device (14) comprises a sedimentation tank (32), the middle part of the sedimentation tank (32) is communicated with the bottom of the liquid mixing tank (24) through a spiral liquid mixing pipe (33); a discharge hole (34) is formed at the bottom of the settling tank (32), a valve (35) is installed on the discharge hole (34), and the top of the settling tank (32) is communicated with a liquid outlet pipe (36).

8. The method for extracting humic acid from coal gangue as claimed in claim 6, wherein the settling tank (32) is provided with an observation window (37).

9. The method for extracting humic acid from coal gangue as defined in claim 6, wherein the liquid level meter (31) controls the first water pump (28) to gradually provide high operation power (31) when the liquid level in the buffer tank (30) is high, and the liquid level meter (31) controls the first water pump (28) to gradually reduce the operation power when the liquid level in the buffer tank (30) is low; the flow meter (27) detects the acid liquid pipe (25) and the liquid outlet pipe (21) and controls the running speed of the second water pump (29) so that the flow rates of the acetic acid solution and the clear liquid in unit time are always in a preset range.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of machinery, and particularly relates to a method for extracting humic acid from coal gangue.

Background

The coal gangue is solid waste discharged in the coal mining process and the coal washing process, and is a black and gray rock which has lower carbon content and is harder than coal and is associated with a coal bed in the coal forming process. At present, the treatment is usually carried out by direct landfill and the like. However, the coal gangue usually contains humic acid which is a good soil conditioner and plant fertilizer, so that the direct landfill is too wasteful, and in addition, the existing humic acid extraction setting process is longer, usually discontinuous extraction is performed, and the efficiency is lower.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention discloses a method for extracting humic acid from coal gangue. The invention effectively extracts the humic acid from the coal gangue, fully utilizes the fertilizer and realizes the rapid and continuous extraction of the humic acid.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a method for extracting humic acid from coal gangue comprises the following steps:

grinding coal gangue to obtain coal gangue particles, and mixing the coal gangue particles with the particle size of less than 100 meshes with a sodium hydroxide solution with the pH value of 8-11 to obtain a mixed solution;

removing the precipitate in the mixed solution to obtain clear liquid;

and step three, mixing the clear liquid with an acetic acid solution with the pH value of 3-5, and standing to obtain a precipitate and a supernatant, wherein the precipitate is humic acid.

In a further improvement, the coal refuse is ground in a grinder; the grinding machine comprises a shell, a feeding hole is formed in the top of the shell, a conical grinding bottom is formed at the bottom of the shell, a rotating device is connected to the bottom of the conical grinding bottom, and the upper surface of the conical grinding bottom is wavy; the top of the conical mill bottom is connected with a mill cylinder; the grinding cylinder is communicated with an air suction pipe, and a filter screen is arranged at an air inlet of the air suction pipe; an air pump is arranged on the air suction pipe; the air suction pipe absorbs the coal gangue particles into the air suction pipe;

a spray head is arranged in the air suction pipe, the spray head is communicated with a sodium hydroxide storage tank and a stirring tank through a communicating pipe, and a first hydraulic pump is arranged on the communicating pipe; spraying a sodium hydroxide solution by a spray header, and enabling the sodium hydroxide solution to enter a stirring tank to be mixed with the coal gangue particles, so that humic acid in the coal gangue and the sodium hydroxide generate sodium humate which is easy to dissolve in water;

the stirring tank is communicated with a cyclone precipitator; the cyclone precipitator is communicated with an acid liquid mixing device, and the acid liquid mixing device is communicated with a static precipitation device; and precipitating insoluble substances in the mixed solution by using a cyclone precipitator, mixing the clear solution and the acetic acid solution in an acid solution mixing device, then feeding the mixture into a static precipitation device, and statically separating to obtain precipitate and supernatant, wherein the precipitate is humic acid.

In a further improvement, the rotating device is a motor, and the filter screen is a mesh filter screen.

The improved mixing tank is characterized in that a filter screen is installed on the upper portion of the mixing tank, an air outlet pipe is installed on the top of the mixing tank, the bottom of the mixing tank is communicated with a communicating pipe, and the middle of the mixing tank is communicated with a cyclone precipitator.

In a further improvement, a bearing is fixed at the bottom of the communicating pipe through a connecting rod, and the bearing is connected with a propeller in a shaft mode.

The top of the cyclone precipitator is communicated with a buffer tank, the buffer tank is communicated with an acid liquid mixing device through a liquid outlet pipe, and a liquid level meter is installed in the buffer tank; the acid liquor mixing device comprises a liquid mixing box, and a clear liquid spray head and an acid liquor spray head are arranged in the liquid mixing box; the clear liquid spray head and the acid liquor spray head are oppositely arranged and are communicated with the liquid outlet pipe, and the acid liquor spray head is communicated with the acid liquor tank through the acid liquor pipe; flow rate meters are respectively arranged on the acid liquid pipe and the liquid outlet pipe; a first water pump is arranged on the liquid outlet pipe, and a second water pump is arranged on the acid liquid pipe; the liquid level meter is wirelessly connected with the first water pump; the flow rate meters are all wirelessly connected with the second water pump.

The static sedimentation device comprises a sedimentation tank, and the middle part of the sedimentation tank is communicated with the bottom of the liquid mixing tank through a spiral liquid mixing pipe; a discharge hole is formed at the bottom of the settling tank, a valve is arranged on the discharge hole, and the top of the settling tank is communicated with a liquid outlet pipe.

In a further improvement, the settling tank is provided with an observation window.

The further improvement is that when the liquid level in the buffer tank becomes high, the liquid level meter controls the first water pump to gradually provide high running power, and when the liquid level in the buffer tank becomes low, the liquid level meter controls the first water pump to gradually reduce the running power; the flow meter detects the acid liquid pipe and the liquid outlet pipe and controls the running speed of the second water pump, so that the flow of the acetic acid solution and the clear liquid in unit time is always in a preset range.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a method for extracting humic acid from coal gangue.

Detailed Description