阅读说明：本技术 一种双孢菇培植工艺 (Agaricus bisporus cultivation process ) 是由 沈蓉蓉 于 2020-06-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种双孢菇培植工艺,其特征在于：包括如下制备步骤：步骤一：播种及菌丝培养；步骤二：覆草炭土；步骤三：搔菌：当菌丝穿透草炭土厚度的70-80％时,使用耙将草炭土表面2cm左右厚度耙松；步骤四：对培养床床面上的多余的草炭土用耙工具除掉,此步骤中,室温控制在25℃,料温控制在27℃以下,湿度控制在95％,二氧化碳浓度15000-16000ppm,保持12-24小时。优点是：搔菌步骤中,用耙将草炭土耙松,主要目的是想将直径大于3㎝的草炭土打散,使菌丝可以更加容易和均匀的向外生长,以利于菇蕾均匀的扭结；在调整步骤中,使用耙将床面上多余的草炭土拔掉,使长出床面的菌丝更均匀,让整个栽培室整齐扭结,为以后的统一管理、集中采摘打下基础。(The invention discloses an agaricus bisporus cultivation process which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the preparation method comprises the following preparation steps: the method comprises the following steps: sowing and culturing hyphae; step two: covering with turfy soil; step three: scratching fungi: when hypha penetrates 70-80% of the thickness of the turfy soil, raking the surface of the turfy soil to be about 2cm thick; step four: removing the excessive turfy soil on the surface of the culture bed by using a rake tool, wherein in the step, the room temperature is controlled at 25 ℃, the material temperature is controlled below 27 ℃, the humidity is controlled at 95%, and the carbon dioxide concentration is 15000-16000ppm, and the culture bed is kept for 12-24 hours. The advantages are that: in the step of scratching the mushrooms, the peaked turfy soil is harrowed loose by a harrow, and the main purpose is to break the peaked turfy soil with the diameter larger than 3cm, so that hyphae can grow outwards more easily and uniformly, and uniform kinking of mushroom buds is facilitated; in the adjusting step, the rake is used for pulling out the redundant turfy soil on the bed surface, so that hyphae growing out of the bed surface are more uniform, the whole cultivation room is twisted regularly, and a foundation is laid for later uniform management and centralized picking.)

1. An agaricus bisporus cultivation process is characterized in that: the preparation method comprises the following preparation steps: the method comprises the following steps: sowing and hypha culturing: transferring the compost to an automatic feeding machine of a fruiting room by using a material conveying vehicle, and performing sowing and feeding operation; seeding quantity is 0.6-0.8 kg/square meter, then covering a layer of mulching film on the surface of the culture material, and culturing hyphae, wherein in the step, the temperature of the culture material is controlled at 24-26 ℃, the indoor air humidity is controlled at 90%, the carbon dioxide concentration is controlled at 5000-11000ppm, the culture time is 13-15 days, and the physicochemical indexes are as follows: moisture content: 65-67%, N: 2.2-2.4%, pH: 6.4-6.9;

step two: covering with turfy soil: uniformly covering a layer of turfy soil with the thickness of 3-4cm on the surface of the culture material, after the turfy soil is covered, watering the turfy soil on the surface of the culture bed, wherein the watering amount is 1-1.5L/square meter per day, and the watering period lasts for 8 days, in the step, the room temperature is controlled to be 20-23 ℃, the temperature of the culture material is controlled to be 24-26 ℃, the air humidity is controlled to be 93-95%, the concentration of carbon dioxide is controlled to be 10000 plus materials in the first 4 days, and is controlled to be 10000 plus materials in the second 4 days and 13000ppm in the last 4 days;

step three: scratching fungi: when hypha penetrates 70-80% of the thickness of the turfy soil, harrowing the surface of the turfy soil with the thickness of about 2cm by using a harrowing machine, wherein in the step, the room temperature is controlled to be 23-25 ℃, the temperature of the culture material is controlled to be below 26 ℃, the air humidity is controlled to be 95%, and the carbon dioxide concentration is 13000-15000 ppm;

step four: removing the redundant turfy soil on the surface of the culture bed by using a rake tool, wherein in the step, the room temperature is controlled to be 25 ℃, the material temperature is controlled to be below 27 ℃, the humidity is controlled to be 95 percent, and the carbon dioxide concentration is 15000-16000ppm, and the culture bed is kept for 12-24 hours;

step five: cooling and stimulating: watering the culture materials on the culture bed surface once, wherein the watering amount is 0.5-0.8L/square meter, controlling the room temperature to be 15-17 ℃, the culture material temperature to be below 22 ℃, the air humidity to be 70-78%, the carbon dioxide concentration to be 800-plus-material ppm, the cooling time to be 30-38 hours, lasting for about 3 days, when the diameter of a mushroom bud is 0.5-1.5cm, watering the culture bed surface again, adjusting the turfy soil water content to be 77-79% every 2.5-3L/square meter, and watering the water within 3 days, wherein the room temperature is controlled to be 16-18 ℃, the culture material temperature to be about 20-22 ℃, the air humidity to be 65-70%, and the carbon dioxide concentration to be 800-plus-material ppm;

step six: picking mushrooms: picking the mushrooms when the pileus is formed to be 3-5cm in diameter, picking four waves, wherein each picking period is 3-4 days, taking out the used compost after picking, transferring the used compost to a new compost, and carrying out mushroom production in the next period, wherein in the picking process, the room temperature is controlled at 16-20 ℃, the compost temperature is controlled at 18-22 ℃, the air humidity is controlled at 65-80%, and the carbon dioxide concentration is 800 plus 1500 ppm.

2. The agaricus bisporus cultivation process as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps: adding calcium carbonate into turfy soil, adjusting the pH value of the turfy soil to 7.5-7.8, and adjusting the water content to 75-78%.

3. The agaricus bisporus cultivation process as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the mass ratio of the turfy soil to the calcium carbonate is 80-90: 10-20.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a mushroom cultivation technology, in particular to an agaricus bisporus cultivation process.

Background

The agaricus bisporus is the most abundant edible fungus variety produced in the world and has the widest consumer population, and is particularly subjected to the impressive action of consumers in developed countries, in European and American countries, the agaricus bisporus cultivation is characterized by high specialization and industrialized production, the working procedures of fungus materials, culture materials, fermentation, cultivation and the like are respectively completed by professional companies and mushroom farms, the parameter control of each working procedure is very strict, and the per unit production level of mushrooms in each mushroom farm is higher. The cultivation of the Chinese agaricus bisporus is characterized in that seasonal cultivation is mainly adopted, farmers operate the agaricus bisporus dispersedly, the production base number is large, the total yield is high, but the yield per unit of the agaricus bisporus is low and is only 1/3-1/4 which is the average yield per unit of developed countries.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is: aiming at the defects, the agaricus bisporus cultivation process is provided, and the yield of the agaricus bisporus is improved.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

an agaricus bisporus cultivation process comprises the following preparation steps: the method comprises the following steps: sowing and hypha culturing: transferring the compost to an automatic feeding machine of a fruiting room by using a material conveying vehicle, and performing sowing and feeding operation; seeding quantity is 0.6-0.8 kg/square meter, then covering a layer of mulching film on the surface of the culture material, and culturing hyphae, wherein in the step, the temperature of the culture material is controlled at 24-26 ℃, the indoor air humidity is controlled at 90%, the carbon dioxide concentration is controlled at 5000-11000ppm, the culture time is 13-15 days, and the physicochemical indexes are as follows: moisture content: 65-67%, N: 2.2-2.4%, pH: 6.4-6.9;

step two: covering with turfy soil: uniformly covering a layer of turfy soil with the thickness of 3-4cm on the surface of the culture material, after the turfy soil is covered, watering the turfy soil on the surface of the culture bed, wherein the watering amount is 1-1.5L/square meter per day, and the watering period lasts for 8 days, in the step, the room temperature is controlled to be 20-23 ℃, the temperature of the culture material is controlled to be 24-26 ℃, the air humidity is controlled to be 93-95%, the concentration of carbon dioxide is controlled to be 10000 plus materials in the first 4 days, and is controlled to be 10000 plus materials in the second 4 days and 13000ppm in the last 4 days;

step three: scratching fungi: when hypha penetrates 70-80% of the thickness of the turfy soil, harrowing the surface of the turfy soil with the thickness of about 2cm, wherein in the step, the room temperature is controlled at 23-25 ℃, the culture material temperature is controlled below 26 ℃, the air humidity is controlled at 95%, and the carbon dioxide concentration is 13000-15000 ppm.

Step four: removing the redundant turfy soil on the surface of the culture bed by using a rake tool, wherein in the step, the room temperature is controlled to be 25 ℃, the material temperature is controlled to be below 27 ℃, the humidity is controlled to be 95 percent, and the carbon dioxide concentration is 15000-16000ppm, and the culture bed is kept for 12-24 hours;

step five: cooling and stimulating: watering the culture materials on the culture bed surface once, wherein the watering amount is 0.5-0.8L/square meter, controlling the room temperature to be 15-17 ℃, the culture material temperature to be below 22 ℃, the air humidity to be 70-78%, the carbon dioxide concentration to be 800-plus-material ppm, the cooling time to be 30-38 hours, lasting for about 3 days, when the diameter of a mushroom bud is 0.5-1.5cm, watering the culture bed surface again, adjusting the turfy soil water content to be 77-79% every 2.5-3L/square meter, and watering the water within 3 days, wherein the room temperature is controlled to be 16-18 ℃, the culture material temperature to be about 20-22 ℃, the air humidity to be 65-70%, and the carbon dioxide concentration to be 800-plus-material ppm;

step six: picking mushrooms: picking the mushrooms when the pileus is formed to be 3-5cm in diameter, picking four waves, wherein each picking period is 3-4 days, taking out the used compost after picking, transferring the used compost to a new compost, and carrying out mushroom production in the next period, wherein in the picking process, the room temperature is controlled at 16-20 ℃, the compost temperature is controlled at 18-22 ℃, the air humidity is controlled at 65-80%, and the carbon dioxide concentration is 800 plus 1500 ppm.

The method comprises the following steps: adding calcium carbonate into turfy soil, adjusting the pH value of the turfy soil to 7.5-7.8, and adjusting the water content to 75-78%.

Wherein the mass ratio of the turfy soil to the calcium carbonate is 80-90: 10-20.

Compared with the prior art, the invention achieves the technical effects that: 1. in the step of scratching the mushrooms, the peaked turfy soil is harrowed loose by a harrow, and the main purpose is to break the peaked turfy soil with the diameter larger than 3cm, so that hyphae can grow outwards more easily and uniformly, and uniform kinking of mushroom buds is facilitated; in the step, the setting ranges of room temperature, culture material temperature, air humidity and carbon dioxide concentration are favorable for healing injured hyphae after mycelium stimulation; 2. in the adjusting step, the rake is used for pulling out the redundant turfy soil on the bed surface, so that hyphae growing out of the bed surface are more uniform, the whole cultivation room is twisted regularly, and a foundation is laid for the later uniform management and centralized picking; 3. before the turfy soil is used, calcium carbonate is added, so that the purpose is to improve the pH value, increase the content of calcium element and improve the specific gravity of the covering soil.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the following examples: