阅读说明：本技术 基于调节ph值的香菇尾茬增产方法 (Shiitake mushroom tail stubble yield increasing method based on PH value adjustment ) 是由 刘辉 肖飞 王光彩 于 2020-07-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了基于调节PH值的香菇尾茬增产方法,包括以下步骤：S1、香菇头茬采摘完毕后,将脱袋后1-4天的香菇尾茬用密封薄膜密封,不翻动菌袋；S2、在第5-8天,菌丝表面分泌一层黄色到棕褐色水珠,此时结合揭膜通风,连续两天给菌袋喷营养水；S3、转色结束后,采用1:80-120石灰水浸泡6-8小时改变菌棒内的PH值；每天进行干湿差及温差刺激。本发明通过调整菌棒的PH值,可以起到保护营养液中活性成分和缓释的目的,防除病虫害高效长久,同时使香菇生长过程中长时间维持细胞活性,促进香菇健壮生长的同时有助于提高香菇产量并有效改善香菇的品质。(The invention provides a shiitake mushroom stubble yield increasing method based on PH value adjustment, which comprises the following steps: s1, after the first mushroom stubble is picked, sealing the mushroom tail stubble which is 1-4 days after bag removal by using a sealing film without turning over a mushroom bag; s2, on the 5 th to 8 th days, a layer of yellow to tan water beads is secreted on the surface of the hypha, and at the moment, the fungus bags are sprayed with nutrient water for two consecutive days by combining film uncovering and ventilation; s3, after color conversion is finished, soaking the mushroom sticks in lime water for 6 to 8 hours at a ratio of 1:80 to 120 to change the pH value in the mushroom sticks; dry-wet difference and temperature difference stimulation are carried out every day. According to the invention, the purposes of protecting active ingredients in the nutrient solution and slowly releasing the active ingredients can be achieved by adjusting the pH value of the mushroom stick, the pest and disease control is efficient and long-lasting, the cell activity is maintained for a long time in the growth process of the mushrooms, the robust growth of the mushrooms is promoted, the yield of the mushrooms is increased, and the quality of the mushrooms is effectively improved.)

1. The shiitake mushroom stubble yield increasing method based on pH value adjustment is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, after the first mushroom stubble is picked, sealing the mushroom tail stubble which is 1-4 days after bag removal by using a sealing film without turning over a mushroom bag;

s2, on the 5 th to 8 th days, a layer of yellow to tan water beads is secreted on the surface of the hypha, and at the moment, the fungus bags are sprayed with nutrient water for two consecutive days by combining film uncovering and ventilation;

s3, after color conversion is finished, soaking the mushroom sticks in lime water for 6 to 8 hours at a ratio of 1:80 to 120 to change the pH value in the mushroom sticks;

dry-wet difference and temperature difference stimulation are carried out every day.

2. The method for increasing the yield of mushroom tail stubble based on the PH adjustment according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the mushroom tail stubble sealed by the sealing film is placed in a shed with a temperature of 18 ℃ to 22 ℃ and a humidity of 85% for shading to be negative.

3. The method for increasing the yield of mushroom tail stubble based on PH adjustment according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the yellow-red water droplets are dispersed by lightly spraying with a sprayer on day 1;

and 2, pressurizing and re-spraying to clean the excessive red brown water beads, then covering a film when hyphae on the surface of the fungus bag are dry and not sticky, and finishing color change for 8-12 days generally.

4. The method for increasing the yield of mushroom tail stubble based on the pH value adjustment according to claim 1, wherein the temperature difference between day and night is required to be more than 10 ℃, the minimum temperature at night cannot be lower than 8 ℃ and the maximum temperature at day cannot be higher than 22 ℃ in the step S3.

5. The method for increasing the yield of mushroom stubble based on the adjustment of pH value as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S3, a pool of 2X 1.2 m is soaked in lime water about 10 jin in 600 bags of anti-burning bars, and the temperature is checked every 10 minutes when the mushroom stubble is soaked at high temperature.

6. The method for increasing the yield of mushroom stubble based on pH value adjustment according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the pH value in the mushroom sticks is changed by soaking the mushroom stubble in 1:100 lime water for 7 hours.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of shiitake mushroom yield increase, in particular to a shiitake mushroom tail stubble yield increase method based on pH value adjustment.

Background

Lentinus Edodes, also known as Lentinus Edodes, XIANGXIN, XIANGZI, and Lentinus Edodes, belongs to the genus Lentinus Edodes of Pleurotaceae of Agaricales of Basidiomycetes. The artificial cultivation of the mushroom has more than 800 years of history in China, and the mushroom cultivation for a long time adopts a 'flower cutting method', which is a cut log cultivation method of natural inoculation. The cultivation of pure strains is started until the middle of 60 years, and the artificial inoculation cut-log cultivation method is adopted. A substitute material briquetting cultivation method appears in the middle of the 70 s, and then a plastic bag cultivation method is developed, so that the yield is obviously increased. China is the first major country for producing lentinus edodes in the world at present.

The mushroom is the second most edible mushroom in the world and is one of the special products in China, and is called mountain delicacies among people. It is a fungus that grows on wood. Has delicious taste, pleasant fragrance and rich nutrition. The shiitake mushroom is rich in vitamin B group, ferrum, potassium, provitamin D (converted into vitamin D after being sun-cured), sweet in taste and neutral in nature. It can be used for treating anorexia, hypoqi, and asthenia.

The lentinula edodes essence is called as "the king of mountain delicacies" and is a high-protein low-fat nutritional health-care food. Chinese medical scientists have well-known discussions of shiitake mushrooms. Modern medicine and nutriology are continuously and deeply researched, and the medicinal value of the shiitake is continuously explored. The ergosterol content in the mushrooms is very high, and the shiitake powder is effective in preventing and treating rickets; lentinan (beta-1, 3 glucan) can enhance the cellular immunity, thereby inhibiting the growth of cancer cells; the shiitake mushroom contains more than 40 enzymes of six enzymes, and can correct enzyme deficiency of human body; the fat in the mushroom contains fatty acid, which is beneficial to reducing blood fat of human body. Shiitake, fungi queen. Shiitake, also known as shiitake mushroom and shiitake mushroom, is a fungus growing on wood. Because the mushroom powder is fragrant in taste, pleasant in aroma and rich in nutrition, the mushroom powder is not only on volvariella volvacea, oyster mushroom and white mushroom, but also is praised by "fungus queen".

The mushroom hypha is favored to grow in a slightly acidic environment, the optimum pH value is 4.5-5.5, the mushroom hypha can be rapidly and densely produced in the environment, and the optimum pH value for the formation of primordia and the growth and development of sporophyte is 3.5-4.5.

Under the conditions that fruiting bodies are formed and nutrition of mushroom sticks is gradually reduced, the PH value of the mushroom stick is reduced to below PH3, and mushroom fruiting cannot happen, the traditional method for increasing the yield of the mushroom in the end crop is to spray water once in the morning, in the evening and in the evening, and ventilate for one hour by combining the water spraying in the morning and in the evening, but the method does not solve the problem that the PH value of the mushroom stick is reduced to below PH3.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a shiitake mushroom stubble yield increasing method based on PH value adjustment, which is used for solving the defects in the prior art, and the method is characterized in that in the shiitake mushroom stubble yield increasing process, shiitake mushroom stubble is dried firstly through physical modification, so that germs, grass seeds and insect pests carried in the growth process of the shiitake mushroom stubble are prevented, the layered structure of mushroom sticks is preliminarily improved, and the interlayer spacing and the structural stability of the mushroom sticks are effectively increased; the mushroom with the end stubble sealed by the sealing film is placed in a shade shed with the temperature of 18-22 ℃ and the humidity of 85 percent, so that the mushroom with the end stubble sealed by the sealing film has obvious soil fertilizing effect, improves the bioactivity of nutrient soil, can adjust the growth and development of the mushroom, can improve the output of the end stubble of the mushroom, and improves the appearance, the taste and the quality of the mushroom; by adjusting the temperature difference between day and night to be more than 10 ℃, the lowest temperature at night cannot be lower than 8 ℃, and the highest temperature at day cannot be higher than 22 ℃, the distance between nutrients in the bacteria stick is enlarged, the particles are dispersed more uniformly, the interlamellar spacing is gathered more loosely, lime water is favorably adsorbed, and the later adjustment of the pH value of the bacteria stick is favorably realized; by adjusting the pH value of the mushroom stick, the purposes of protecting active ingredients in the nutrient solution and slowly releasing the active ingredients can be achieved, the pest and disease control is efficient and long-lasting, the cell activity is maintained for a long time in the growth process of the mushrooms, the strong growth of the mushrooms is promoted, and meanwhile, the yield of the mushrooms is increased, and the quality of the mushrooms is effectively improved; the mushroom sticks soaked in the lime water can effectively combine the effects of an inorganic fertilizer and an organic fertilizer, can effectively provide required nutrients for the growth and development of the mushrooms in time, promote the robust growth of the mushrooms and shorten the planting period of the mushrooms, and meanwhile, the mushroom sticks soaked in the lime water are good in looseness and air permeability, high in soil fertility and strong in water retention and heat preservation capacity, can effectively prevent and remove soil diseases and insect pests and mixed bacteria from generating adverse effects on the growth of the mushrooms, improve the activity of mushroom cells, promote the efficient accumulation of the mushrooms on nutrient substances and shorten the planting period of the mushrooms; can promote the robust growth of the shiitake mushrooms, obviously shorten the planting period of the shiitake mushrooms, and effectively improve the quality of the shiitake mushrooms while improving the yield of the shiitake mushrooms.

The invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the shiitake mushroom stubble yield increasing method based on pH value adjustment comprises the following steps:

s1, after the first mushroom stubble is picked, sealing the mushroom tail stubble which is 1-4 days after bag removal by using a sealing film without turning over a mushroom bag;

s2, on the 5 th to 8 th days, a layer of yellow to tan water beads is secreted on the surface of the hypha, and at the moment, the fungus bags are sprayed with nutrient water for two consecutive days by combining film uncovering and ventilation;

s3, after color conversion is finished, soaking the mushroom sticks in lime water for 6 to 8 hours at a ratio of 1:80 to 120 to change the pH value in the mushroom sticks;

dry-wet difference and temperature difference stimulation are carried out every day.

Preferably, in the step S1, the shiitake mushrooms sealed by the sealing film are placed in a shade shed with a temperature of 18 ℃ to 22 ℃ and a humidity of 85% for shading.

Preferably, in step S2, the yellow-red water droplets are dispersed by spraying lightly with a sprayer on day 1;

and 2, pressurizing and re-spraying to clean the excessive red brown water beads, then covering a film when hyphae on the surface of the fungus bag are dry and not sticky, and finishing color change for 8-12 days generally.

Preferably, in step S3, the diurnal temperature difference needs to be more than 10 ℃, the night minimum temperature cannot be lower than 8 ℃, and the day maximum temperature cannot be higher than 22 ℃.

Preferably, in the step S3, a 2 × 2 × 1.2 meter water pool is used, about 10 jin of lime water is added, 500 and 600 bags of anti-burning rods are soaked, and temperature check is performed every 10 minutes when soaking at high temperature.

Preferably, in step S3, the PH value in the mushroom stick is changed by soaking in 1:100 lime water for 7 hours.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. in the yield increasing process of the mushroom stubble, the mushroom stubble is dried firstly through physical modification, germs, grass seeds and insect pests carried by the mushroom stubble in the growth process are prevented, the layered structure of mushroom sticks is preliminarily improved, and the interlayer spacing and the structural stability of the mushroom sticks are effectively increased;

2. the mushroom with the end stubble sealed by the sealing film is placed in a shade shed with the temperature of 18-22 ℃ and the humidity of 85 percent, so that the mushroom with the end stubble sealed by the sealing film has obvious soil fertilizing effect, improves the bioactivity of nutrient soil, can adjust the growth and development of the mushroom, can improve the output of the end stubble of the mushroom, and improves the appearance, the taste and the quality of the mushroom;

3. by adjusting the temperature difference between day and night to be more than 10 ℃, the lowest temperature at night cannot be lower than 8 ℃, and the highest temperature at day cannot be higher than 22 ℃, the distance between nutrients in the bacteria stick is enlarged, the particles are dispersed more uniformly, the interlamellar spacing is gathered more loosely, lime water is favorably adsorbed, and the later adjustment of the pH value of the bacteria stick is favorably realized;

4. by adjusting the pH value of the mushroom stick, the purposes of protecting active ingredients in the nutrient solution and slowly releasing the active ingredients can be achieved, the pest and disease control is efficient and long-lasting, the cell activity is maintained for a long time in the growth process of the mushrooms, the strong growth of the mushrooms is promoted, and meanwhile, the yield of the mushrooms is increased, and the quality of the mushrooms is effectively improved;

5. the mushroom sticks soaked in the lime water can effectively combine the effects of an inorganic fertilizer and an organic fertilizer, can effectively provide required nutrients for the growth and development of the mushrooms in time, promote the robust growth of the mushrooms and shorten the planting period of the mushrooms, and meanwhile, the mushroom sticks soaked in the lime water are good in looseness and air permeability, high in soil fertility and strong in water retention and heat preservation capacity, can effectively prevent and remove soil diseases and insect pests and mixed bacteria from generating adverse effects on the growth of the mushrooms, improve the activity of mushroom cells, promote the efficient accumulation of the mushrooms on nutrient substances and shorten the planting period of the mushrooms;

6. the invention can promote the robust growth of the mushroom, obviously shorten the planting period of the mushroom, and effectively improve the quality of the mushroom while improving the yield of the mushroom.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments in order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the invention more comprehensible. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed as broadly as the present invention is capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

The shiitake mushroom stubble yield increasing method based on pH value adjustment comprises the following steps:

s1, after the first stubbles of the mushrooms are picked, sealing the tail stubbles of the mushrooms which are 1-4 days after bag removal by using a sealing film, and placing the tail stubbles of the mushrooms sealed by the sealing film in a shed at the temperature of 18-22 ℃ and with the humidity of 85% to shade into the shade without turning over the mushroom bags;

s2, on the 5 th to 8 th days, a layer of yellow to tan water beads is secreted on the surface of the hyphae, at the moment, the fungus bags are sprayed with nutrient water continuously for two days by combining film uncovering and ventilation, and on the 1 st day, the yellow-red water beads are dispersed by lightly spraying with a sprayer;

pressurizing and re-spraying on the surface of the mushroom bag to clean the excessive red brown water beads on the 2 nd day, then covering a film when hyphae on the surface of the mushroom bag are dry and not sticky, and finishing color change for 8-12 days generally;

s3, after color conversion is finished, soaking the mushroom sticks in lime water for 6 to 8 hours at a ratio of 1:80 to 120 to change the pH value in the mushroom sticks;

performing dry-wet difference and temperature difference stimulation every day, wherein the temperature difference between day and night is required to be more than 10 ℃, the lowest temperature at night cannot be lower than 8 ℃, and the highest temperature at day cannot be higher than 22 ℃;

soaking the raw materials in a pool of 2 × 2 × 1.2 meters and lime water about 10 jin in 600 bags of the anti-burning rods, and checking the temperature every 10 minutes when soaking at high temperature.

The pH value in the fungus stick is changed by soaking the fungus stick for 7 hours in 1:100 lime water.

In the yield increasing process of the mushroom stubble, the mushroom stubble is dried firstly through physical modification, germs, grass seeds and insect pests carried by the mushroom stubble in the growth process are prevented, the layered structure of mushroom sticks is preliminarily improved, and the interlayer spacing and the structural stability of the mushroom sticks are effectively increased; the mushroom with the end stubble sealed by the sealing film is placed in a shade shed with the temperature of 18-22 ℃ and the humidity of 85 percent, so that the mushroom with the end stubble sealed by the sealing film has obvious soil fertilizing effect, improves the bioactivity of nutrient soil, can adjust the growth and development of the mushroom, can improve the output of the end stubble of the mushroom, and improves the appearance, the taste and the quality of the mushroom; by adjusting the temperature difference between day and night to be more than 10 ℃, the lowest temperature at night cannot be lower than 8 ℃, and the highest temperature at day cannot be higher than 22 ℃, the distance between nutrients in the bacteria stick is enlarged, the particles are dispersed more uniformly, the interlamellar spacing is gathered more loosely, lime water is favorably adsorbed, and the later adjustment of the pH value of the bacteria stick is favorably realized; by adjusting the pH value of the mushroom stick, the purposes of protecting active ingredients in the nutrient solution and slowly releasing the active ingredients can be achieved, the pest and disease control is efficient and long-lasting, the cell activity is maintained for a long time in the growth process of the mushrooms, the strong growth of the mushrooms is promoted, and meanwhile, the yield of the mushrooms is increased, and the quality of the mushrooms is effectively improved; the mushroom sticks soaked in the lime water can effectively combine the effects of an inorganic fertilizer and an organic fertilizer, can effectively provide required nutrients for the growth and development of the mushrooms in time, promote the robust growth of the mushrooms and shorten the planting period of the mushrooms, and meanwhile, the mushroom sticks soaked in the lime water are good in looseness and air permeability, high in soil fertility and strong in water retention and heat preservation capacity, can effectively prevent and remove soil diseases and insect pests and mixed bacteria from generating adverse effects on the growth of the mushrooms, improve the activity of mushroom cells, promote the efficient accumulation of the mushrooms on nutrient substances and shorten the planting period of the mushrooms; the invention can promote the robust growth of the mushroom, obviously shorten the planting period of the mushroom, and effectively improve the quality of the mushroom while improving the yield of the mushroom.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.