阅读说明：本技术 一种磨粒流精密光整加工方法及装置 (Abrasive flow precision finishing method and device ) 是由 张志辉 王庆 梁云虹 于征磊 李秀娟 佟鑫 周倜 门玉琢 崔振权 于 2020-06-01 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种磨粒流精密光整加工方法及装置,基于磨粒流技术改善增材制造复杂结构金属构件表面质量,特别用于改善复杂结构内表面或管道内壁的表面质量。本发明采用压力泵对磨粒流施加压力,使磨粒流对旋转运动的构件循环冲击,产生螺旋复合运动,通过红外测温仪触发冷却系统对磨粒流冷却降温,保证磨粒流体的粘弹性与流动性。本发明所采用的加工方法包括磨粒流对金属构件先进行粗加工,再对构件进行精加工,获得符合要求的高加工表面质量的金属构件。通过本发明提供的磨粒流精密光整加工方法及装置,解决了增材制造复杂结构金属构件表面难以光整加工的难题,实现了对磨粒流加工过程的自动化精确控制,提高加工效率和零件表面质量,减轻劳动强度,降低了生产成本。(The invention relates to a method and a device for precision finishing of abrasive flow, which are used for improving the surface quality of a metal component with a complex structure manufactured by additive manufacturing based on an abrasive flow technology, and are particularly used for improving the surface quality of the inner surface of the complex structure or the inner wall of a pipeline. The pressure pump is adopted to apply pressure to the abrasive flow, so that the abrasive flow circularly impacts a rotating component to generate spiral composite motion, the cooling system is triggered by the infrared thermometer to cool the abrasive flow, and the viscoelasticity and the fluidity of the abrasive flow are ensured. The processing method adopted by the invention comprises the steps of carrying out rough processing on the metal component by abrasive particle flow, and then carrying out finish processing on the component to obtain the metal component with high processing surface quality meeting the requirements. By the abrasive flow precise finishing method and the abrasive flow precise finishing device, the problem that the surface of a metal component with a complex structure is difficult to finish in additive manufacturing is solved, the automatic precise control of the abrasive flow processing process is realized, the processing efficiency and the surface quality of parts are improved, the labor intensity is reduced, and the production cost is reduced.)

1. A method of precision finishing an abrasive stream, the method comprising:

the method comprises the following steps: fixedly mounting a metal member on an abrasive flow precision finishing device by using a clamp;

step two: blending abrasive particle fluid with controllable rheological property, and pouring the fluid into a stirring tank to be fully and uniformly stirred for use;

step three: setting technological parameters, and controlling abrasive flow to perform rough machining on the metal component;

step four: adjusting machining parameters, and controlling abrasive particle flow to perform finish machining on the metal component;

step five: and after the machining is finished, taking out the metal component, cleaning the equipment, and finally turning off the power supply of the equipment.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the abrasive stream of step two comprises, in weight percent: the silicon rubber carrier accounts for 40%, the abrasive particles consist of SiC and Al2O3, the total weight ratio of SiC to Al2O3 is 1: 1, wherein the SiC abrasive particles consist of 30-60 mu m in particle size range, 150-200 mu m in Al2O3 particle size range, 10% of lubricant polydimethylsiloxane, 5% of reinforcing agent white carbon black and 5% of naphthenic oil.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein controlling the flow of abrasive particles roughens the metal component, in particular comprising:

firstly, a metal component is fixedly clamped through a three-jaw self-centering chuck, a motor is controlled through a panel of an overall PLC automatic control system to push a main shaft to move in a stretching mode to ensure that a processed part is under a grinding cylinder, a hydraulic system is controlled through the panel of the overall PLC automatic control system to enable the hydraulic cylinder to push the grinding cylinder to move downwards, a conical abrasive particle flow jet polishing nozzle covers a working cover, an electronic pressure switch opening pressure and a pressure pump pressurizing pressure are preset on the control panel, the motor is started to enable a clamp main shaft to drive the metal component to rotate, then a one-way valve is opened, a stirring motor is started to drive fan blades to rotate, the pressure pump is started, a prepared abrasive particle fluid is pumped out from a stirring tank through the pressure pump, the abrasive fluid is injected into the grinding cylinder through a feed pipe, when the abrasive particle flow pressure in the grinding cylinder reaches the electronic pressure switch preset pressure, the pressure switch is opened, the abrasive particle flow in the grinding cylinder, and (3) discharging abrasive particle fluid mixed with abrasive dust from the discharge pipe, reflowing to the stirring tank again through the filter, stirring by the fan blades, pumping out again, and performing reciprocating polishing.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein controlling the flow of abrasive particles to finish the metal component comprises: and (4) setting finish machining parameters through a panel of the overall PLC automatic control system, and repeating the rough machining operation sequence after finishing the finish machining parameters.

5. An abrasive flow precision finishing apparatus, comprising: the device comprises a frame, a hydraulic cylinder, an abrasive cylinder, a conical abrasive flow jet polishing nozzle, a three-jaw self-centering chuck, a clamp main shaft, a main shaft sleeve, a motor, a coupler, a motor hydraulic control system, a discharge pipe, a feed pipe, a working cover, a general PLC automatic control system panel, a pressure pump, a filter, a one-way discharge valve and a stirring tank, wherein the three-jaw self-centering chuck is arranged on the frame;

the hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the top of the frame, the abrasive cylinder is connected to the lower portion of the hydraulic cylinder, the conical abrasive flow jet polishing nozzle is connected with the abrasive cylinder, one end of the feeding pipe is installed on the right side of the bottom of the abrasive cylinder, the working cover is arranged under the conical abrasive flow jet polishing nozzle, an opening in the left side wall of the working cover allows the clamp main shaft to pass through, the three-jaw self-centering chuck is fixedly installed on the main shaft, the clamp main shaft is fixed in the main shaft sleeve, the main shaft sleeve is connected with the motor) through the coupler and respectively fixed on the side wall of the frame, a discharging pipe is arranged below the working cover, the discharging pipe is fixed to the bottom of the frame and connected with the filter, the filter is connected with the left bottom of the stirring tank through an abrasive pipe with the one-way discharging valve, and the back of the bottom of the, the abrasive grain flow in the stirring tank is sent into the abrasive cylinder through the feeding pipe and the pressure pump, the stirring tank, the pressure pump and the filter are all fixed on a base of the frame, a motor hydraulic control system is arranged at the bottom of the frame and controls the hydraulic cylinder to drive the abrasive cylinder to move up and down, the motor hydraulic control system is connected with a general PLC automatic control system, and a panel of the general PLC automatic control system is fixedly installed on the right side face of the frame through a support.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the apparatus further comprises: the grinding material cylinder comprises an electronic pressure switch and a pressure gauge, wherein the electronic pressure switch with the pressure gauge is arranged on the left side of the bottom of the grinding material cylinder.

7. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the apparatus further comprises: a cooling pipe, a cooling water tank and a water pump;

the cooling pipe is installed on the inner wall of the stirring tank, a water inlet and a water outlet of the cooling pipe are communicated with the cooling water tank outside, and the cooling water tank and the water pump are fixed on the base of the rack.

8. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the apparatus further comprises: the stirring shaft, the stirring tank, the stirring fan blades and the stirring motor are arranged in the stirring tank;

the stirring tank is characterized in that a stirring motor is arranged on the upper portion of the outer side of the stirring tank, the stirring motor is connected with a stirring shaft penetrating through the top of the stirring tank, the stirring shaft is connected with stirring fan blades at the bottom of the stirring tank, and the stirring motor drives the stirring shaft to rotate with the stirring fan blades.

9. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein an infrared thermometer is installed on the upper lid of the mixing tank, inserted into the interior of the mixing tank, and connected to the general PLC automation control system panel.

10. The apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein the three-jaw self-centering chuck has a clamping dimension in the range of 80-600mm, a tightening dimension in the range of 100-450mm, and a maximum rotation speed of 1000 r/min.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of metal member surface finishing, in particular to a method and a device for precision finishing by abrasive flow.

Background

With the fire-heat development of the additive manufacturing technology in the manufacturing industry in recent years, a novel efficient processing method is also provided for manufacturing metal components with complex structures inside. At present, the mechanical property of a metal component formed by the additive manufacturing technology reaches the standard of a casting and forging piece made of the same material, and the wide prospect of the laser additive manufacturing technology for manufacturing the metal component is displayed.

However, the surface roughness Ra of the additive manufactured metal component is still generally between 10 μm and 50 μm, and the main factors causing the increase of the surface roughness thereof are the spheroidization effect and powder adhesion peculiar to laser additive manufacturing, and loose small-sized spheroidization and powder adhesion have safety hazards once they are peeled off, and are almost fatal particularly on parts having extremely high requirements for the surface quality of parts.

In order to improve the service reliability and durability of the additive manufacturing metal parts, surface treatment is required to improve the surface quality of the metal parts. But the biggest challenge to the polishing of an additive manufactured metal component is also its complex cavity structure. At present, common polishing technologies for the surfaces of metal additive manufacturing parts include manual polishing, grinding wheel polishing, sand blasting, electrochemical polishing, laser cladding polishing and the like. Common problems with these polishing methods are: (1) the polishing efficiency is low, and the working environment is severe; (2) the processing consistency is poor, and the quality of the processed surface cannot meet the use requirement; (3) the environment is polluted; (4) the polishing of the complex curved surface part has limitation; (5) the equipment cost is high. Therefore, a polishing method and a polishing device capable of realizing the complex inner cavity surface and the outer surface of the laser additive manufacturing part are urgently needed.

Abrasive flow is a new surface finishing technology in recent years, and refers to a processing technology for finishing the surface of a part by flowing a viscoelastic abrasive medium containing abrasive particles over the surface to be processed of the part under a certain pressure, and is widely applied to finishing of complex curved surfaces and internal structures such as blades, impellers, brake discs and the like. The abrasive particle medium has certain fluidity, so that the abrasive particle medium is not limited by various complex inner cavity structures, has high processing accessibility, and can greatly improve the surface quality of parts and obviously reduce the labor cost by a proper processing process. However, the existing abrasive flow processing equipment has the following disadvantages:

1. semi-mechanical processing is still adopted, the automation degree is low, and processing personnel are required to monitor in real time;

2. the processing of each surface is uneven, and the consistency is poor;

3. a plurality of surfaces of the same part in different directions cannot be machined simultaneously, and machining efficiency is low;

4. the abrasive fluid has a single flow direction and a low flow speed. Only the surface of the workpiece that is in direct contact with the fluid is actually cut.

5. The temperature rise of the abrasive particle fluid caused by the action with the workpiece in the abrasive particle flow grinding process can not be controlled, the viscoelasticity of the abrasive particle medium is reduced, and the finishing efficiency and the surface quality are also reduced.

6. The deviation exists between the pressure of the abrasive particle flow jet outlet and the actual pressurizing pressure, so that the polishing is insufficient, the precision is reduced, and the surface quality can not meet the requirement.

7. The abrasive particle medium is easy to settle in the processing process, is unevenly distributed in the fluid, and reduces the consistency of the surface quality of the finishing member.

8. The impact force of abrasive particle fluid under high pressure on the surface of a workpiece is too large, which may cause damage to the surface of the part and reduce the surface quality of the part. Based on the problems of the conventional method and the traditional abrasive flow equipment, in order to realize the finishing processing of the complex surface and the internal structure of the metal component manufactured by the laser additive manufacturing, the invention designs and develops a method and a device for improving the surface quality of the metal component manufactured by the additive manufacturing and having the complex structure based on the abrasive flow technology, which are used for the integrated processing of multiple surfaces with high efficiency, high quality, large batch and low cost.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides a method and an apparatus for precision finishing of abrasive flow, which overcome the disadvantages of the conventional polishing process.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a method of precision finishing an abrasive stream, the method comprising:

the method comprises the following steps: fixedly mounting a metal member on an abrasive flow precision finishing device by using a clamp;

step two: blending abrasive particle fluid with controllable rheological property, and pouring the fluid into a stirring tank to be fully and uniformly stirred for use;

step three: setting technological parameters, and controlling abrasive flow to perform rough machining on the metal component;

step four: adjusting machining parameters, and controlling abrasive particle flow to perform finish machining on the metal component;

step five: and after the machining is finished, taking out the metal component, cleaning the equipment, and finally turning off the power supply of the equipment.

Optionally, the abrasive flow in the second step comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the silicon rubber carrier accounts for 40%, the abrasive particles consist of SiC and Al2O3, the total weight ratio of SiC to Al2O3 is 1: 1, wherein the SiC abrasive particles consist of 30-60 mu m in particle size range, 150-200 mu m in Al2O3 particle size range, 10% of lubricant polydimethylsiloxane, 5% of reinforcing agent white carbon black and 5% of naphthenic oil.

Optionally, the controlling the abrasive flow to perform rough machining on the metal member specifically includes:

firstly, a metal component is fixedly clamped through a three-jaw self-centering chuck, a motor is controlled through a panel of an overall PLC automatic control system to push a main shaft to move in a stretching mode to ensure that a processed part is under a grinding cylinder, a hydraulic system is controlled through the panel of the overall PLC automatic control system to enable the hydraulic cylinder to push the grinding cylinder to move downwards, a conical abrasive particle flow jet polishing nozzle covers a working cover, an electronic pressure switch opening pressure and a pressure pump pressurizing pressure are preset on the control panel, the motor is started to enable a clamp main shaft to drive the metal component to rotate, then a one-way valve is opened, a stirring motor is started to drive fan blades to rotate, the pressure pump is started, a prepared abrasive particle fluid is pumped out from a stirring tank through the pressure pump, the abrasive fluid is injected into the grinding cylinder through a feed pipe, when the abrasive particle flow pressure in the grinding cylinder reaches the electronic pressure switch preset pressure, the pressure switch is opened, the abrasive particle flow in the grinding cylinder, and (3) discharging abrasive particle fluid mixed with abrasive dust from the discharge pipe, reflowing to the stirring tank again through the filter, stirring by the fan blades, pumping out again, and performing reciprocating polishing.

Optionally, the controlling the flow of the abrasive particles to finish the metal member specifically includes: and (4) setting finish machining parameters through a panel of the overall PLC automatic control system, and repeating the rough machining operation sequence after finishing the finish machining parameters.

Optionally, the step five specifically includes:

the hydraulic system is controlled by a panel of the overall PLC automatic control system to enable the hydraulic cylinder to drive the abrasive cylinder to ascend, the metal component is taken out of the working cover by an external manipulator to be cleaned, the electronic pressure switch is manually turned on, residual abrasive grain fluid in the abrasive cylinder is discharged into the stirring tank, finally, the equipment is cleaned, the power supply of the machine tool is turned off, and the machining is finished.

An abrasive flow precision finishing apparatus, the apparatus comprising: the device comprises a frame, a hydraulic cylinder, an abrasive cylinder, a conical abrasive flow jet polishing nozzle, a three-jaw self-centering chuck, a clamp main shaft, a main shaft sleeve, a motor, a coupler, a motor hydraulic control system, a discharge pipe, a feed pipe, a working cover, a general PLC automatic control system panel, a pressure pump, a filter, a one-way discharge valve and a stirring tank, wherein the three-jaw self-centering chuck is arranged on the frame;

the hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the top of the frame, the abrasive cylinder is connected to the lower portion of the hydraulic cylinder, the conical abrasive flow jet polishing nozzle is connected with the abrasive cylinder, one end of the feeding pipe is installed on the right side of the bottom of the abrasive cylinder, the working cover is arranged under the conical abrasive flow jet polishing nozzle, an opening in the left side wall of the working cover allows the clamp main shaft to pass through, the three-jaw self-centering chuck is fixedly installed on the main shaft, the clamp main shaft is fixed in the main shaft sleeve, the main shaft sleeve is connected with the motor) through the coupler and respectively fixed on the side wall of the frame, a discharging pipe is arranged below the working cover, the discharging pipe is fixed to the bottom of the frame and connected with the filter, the filter is connected with the left bottom of the stirring tank through an abrasive pipe with the one-way discharging valve, and the back of the bottom of the, the abrasive grain flow in the stirring tank is sent into the abrasive cylinder through the feeding pipe and the pressure pump, the stirring tank, the pressure pump and the filter are all fixed on a base of the frame, a motor hydraulic control system is arranged at the bottom of the frame and controls the hydraulic cylinder to drive the abrasive cylinder to move up and down, the motor hydraulic control system is connected with a general PLC automatic control system, and a panel of the general PLC automatic control system is fixedly installed on the right side face of the frame through a support.

Optionally, the apparatus further comprises: the grinding material cylinder comprises an electronic pressure switch and a pressure gauge, wherein the electronic pressure switch with the pressure gauge is arranged on the left side of the bottom of the grinding material cylinder.

Optionally, the apparatus further comprises: a cooling pipe, a cooling water tank and a water pump;

the cooling pipe is installed on the inner wall of the stirring tank, a water inlet and a water outlet of the cooling pipe are communicated with the cooling water tank outside, and the cooling water tank and the water pump are fixed on the base of the rack. The temperature measurement system controls the water pump to start and stop, so that water in the water tank flows in the cooling pipe in a circulating manner, and the abrasive flow is cooled.

Optionally, the apparatus further comprises: the stirring shaft, the stirring tank, the stirring fan blades and the stirring motor are arranged in the stirring tank;

the stirring tank is characterized in that a stirring motor is arranged on the upper portion of the outer side of the stirring tank, the stirring motor is connected with a stirring shaft penetrating through the top of the stirring tank, the stirring shaft is connected with stirring fan blades at the bottom of the stirring tank, and the stirring motor drives the stirring shaft to rotate with the stirring fan blades.

Optionally, an infrared thermometer is installed on the upper cover of the stirring tank, the infrared thermometer is inserted into the stirring tank, and the infrared thermometer is connected with the panel of the overall PLC automation control system.

Optionally, the clamping size range of the three-jaw self-centering chuck is 80-600mm, the tightening size range is 100-450mm, and the highest rotation speed is 1000 r/min.

The invention discloses a method and a device for improving the surface quality of a metal component with a complex additive manufacturing structure based on an abrasive flow technology.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a method of precision finishing with abrasive flow in accordance with the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the abrasive flow precision finishing apparatus of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-frame, 2-hydraulic cylinder, 3-grinding material cylinder, 4-electronic pressure switch, 5-pressure gauge, 6-conical abrasive particle flow jet polishing nozzle, 7-three-jaw self-centering chuck, 8-clamp main shaft, 9-main shaft sleeve, 10-motor, 11-coupler, 12-motor hydraulic control system, 13-discharge pipe, 14-feed pipe, 15-working cover, 16-overall PLC automatic control system panel, 17-pressure pump, 18-filter, 19-one-way discharge valve, 20-infrared thermometer, 21-stirring shaft, 22-stirring tank, 23-cooling pipe, 24-stirring fan blade, 25-stirring motor, 26-cooling water tank and 27-water pump.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.

According to the invention, the abrasive particle flow technology is used for improving the surface quality of the metal component with the complex structure manufactured by the additive, the wheel disc type revolving body metal component with the complex structure is manufactured by the additive manufacturing technology, the surface quality of the metal component is seriously reduced due to the spheroidization effect and the powder adhesion in the manufacturing process, and in addition, the surface quality of the metal component with the complex cavity structure cannot be effectively improved by the traditional polishing process. Therefore, the surface of the metal component is uniformly polished by the abrasive flow processing technology and the abrasive flow processing device, pressure is applied to the abrasive flow by the pressure pump, the abrasive flow circularly impacts the rotating component to generate spiral composite motion, the cooling system is triggered by the infrared thermometer to cool the abrasive flow, and the viscoelasticity and the fluidity of the abrasive flow are ensured. The processing method adopted by the invention comprises the steps of carrying out rough processing on the metal component by abrasive particle flow, and then carrying out finish processing on the component to obtain the metal component with high processing surface quality meeting the requirements. By the method and the device for improving the surface quality of the metal component with the complex additive manufacturing structure based on the abrasive particle flow technology, the problem that the surface of the metal component with the complex additive manufacturing structure is difficult to finish is solved, the automatic accurate control of the abrasive particle flow processing process is realized, the processing efficiency and the surface quality of parts are improved, the labor intensity is reduced, and the production cost is reduced.

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a precision finishing method of abrasive flow according to the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the method includes:

step 101: fixedly mounting a metal member on an abrasive flow precision finishing device by using a clamp;

step 102: blending abrasive particle fluid with controllable rheological property, and pouring the fluid into a stirring tank to be fully and uniformly stirred for use;

step 103: setting technological parameters, and controlling abrasive flow to perform rough machining on the metal component;

step 104: adjusting machining parameters, and controlling abrasive particle flow to perform finish machining on the metal component;

step 105: and after the machining is finished, taking out the metal component, cleaning the equipment, and finally turning off the power supply of the equipment.

The metal component is a wheel disc type revolving body component and is manufactured by adopting laser additive manufacturing and integrated forming. The material for additive manufacturing is alloy steel, titanium alloy, aluminum alloy, nickel alloy and copper alloy metal powder.

According to the method and the device for improving the surface quality of the metal component with the complex additive manufacturing structure based on the abrasive flow technology, the abrasive flow and the inner and outer surfaces of the metal component can be ground simultaneously through special equipment and special technology, the whole surface of a part can be machined by one-time clamping, and the machining efficiency is improved.

Fig. 2 shows an apparatus used in the above method, and fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an abrasive flow precision finishing apparatus according to the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, the apparatus includes: frame (1), pneumatic cylinder (2), abrasive cylinder (3), toper grit stream jet polishing mouth (6), three-jaw is from centering chuck (7), anchor clamps main shaft (8), spindle cover (9), motor (10), shaft coupling (11), motor hydraulic control system (12), discharging pipe (13), inlet pipe (14), work cover (15), total PLC automated control system panel (16), force (forcing) pump (17), filter (18), one-way bleeder valve (19) and agitator tank (22).

The grinding machine comprises a hydraulic cylinder (2), a grinding cylinder (3), a conical abrasive flow jet polishing nozzle (6), a feeding pipe (14), a working cover (15), a clamp main shaft (8), a three-jaw self-centering chuck (7), a clamp main shaft (8), a main shaft sleeve (9), a shaft coupling (11), a motor (10), a discharge pipe (13), a filter (18), a filter (13), a one-way discharge valve (19), a grinding pipe, a grinding material jet polishing nozzle, a conical abrasive flow jet polishing nozzle (6), the grinding cylinder (1), the grinding cylinder (3), the working cover (15), the feeding pipe (14), the grinding pipe (3), the working cover (6), the conical abrasive flow jet polishing nozzle (6), the clamp main shaft sleeve (9), the clamp main shaft (8), the shaft sleeve (9) and the motor (10) are connected through the shaft coupling (11), the discharge pipe (13) is fixed on the side wall of the frame (1), the discharge pipe (13) is fixed, agitator tank (22) bottom back is connected with the other end of inlet pipe (14), through inlet pipe (14) and force (forcing) pump (17) during with the abrasive particle stream entering abrasive material jar (3) in agitator tank (22), force (forcing) pump (17), filter (18) are all fixed on frame (1) base, frame (1) bottom is equipped with motor hydraulic control system (12) control pneumatic cylinder (2) and drives abrasive material jar (3) elevating movement, motor hydraulic control system (12) are connected with total PLC automated control system, total PLC automated control system panel (14) are through the right flank of support fixed mounting in frame (16). By such simple and precise equipment, the multi-surface integrated finishing processing can be performed on the additive manufacturing metal member with high efficiency and low cost.

The clamp main shaft (8) can stretch and retract under the action of the motor (10) to enable parts to be located right above the abrasive cylinder (3), the motor (10) can drive the clamp main shaft (8) to rotate during machining, and meanwhile, the abrasive flow generates spiral compound motion due to cyclic impact, so that machining tracks have randomness, and surface finishing machining is facilitated.

The invention depends on the rapid rotation motion of the clamp, so that the abrasive particle flow generates the composite motion of impact extrusion and spiral motion, the probability, the uniformity and the randomness of the force and the action direction of the abrasive particle generating the processing action are improved, all surfaces are processed uniformly and have high consistency, meanwhile, the rotation of the part can reduce the impact force of the high-pressure high-speed abrasive particle flow on the surface of the workpiece, the surface damage is avoided, and the surface polishing quality of the part is improved.

Furthermore, an electronic pressure switch (4) and a pressure gauge (5), wherein the electronic pressure switch (4) with the pressure gauge (5) is arranged on the left side of the bottom of the grinding cylinder (3). The electronic pressure switch (4) keeps a normally closed state, when the pressure in the grinding material cylinder reaches a preset value, the switch is automatically opened, and the measuring range of the electronic pressure switch is 0-100 Mpa. The invention adopts the electronic pressure control switch device to accurately control the consistency of the pressure of the abrasive particle flow jet outlet and the pressure of the pressurizing pump, thereby improving the pressure accuracy of the abrasive particle flow to the member, fully polishing and ensuring that the surface quality meets the preset requirement.

Further, the apparatus further comprises: a cooling pipe (23), a cooling water tank (26) and a water pump (27); the cooling pipe (23) is arranged on the inner wall of the stirring tank (22), the water inlet and the water outlet of the cooling pipe (23) are communicated with the external cooling water tank (26), and the cooling water tank (26) and the water pump (27) are fixed on the base of the frame (1). The temperature measurement system controls the water pump to start and stop, so that water in the water tank flows in the cooling pipe in a circulating manner, and the abrasive flow is cooled. The invention adopts a circulating cooling system with an external water tank and a built-in cooling pipe, reduces the temperature rise of abrasive fluid caused by the action of the abrasive fluid on a workpiece in the abrasive flow grinding process, keeps the viscoelasticity and the motion characteristic of a medium, and ensures that the finishing efficiency and the surface quality are not reduced.

Further, the apparatus further comprises: a stirring shaft (21), stirring blades (24) and a stirring motor (25); stirring motor (25) is equipped with on agitator tank (21) outside upper portion, and agitator motor (25) are connected with (mixing) shaft (21) of passing agitator tank (22) top, (mixing) shaft (21) are connected with stirring fan blade (24) of agitator tank (22) bottom, and agitator motor (25) drive (mixing) shaft (21) and stirring fan blade (24) rotate. According to the invention, the automatic material mixing and stirring device is adopted, the abrasive particle flow is uniformly mixed in the stirring tank, and the abrasive particle medium is not settled and uniformly dispersed in the circulating motion process, so that the automation degree is improved, the labor consumption is greatly saved, the labor intensity is reduced, the processing cost is reduced, and the processing consistency of the part surface is improved.

Further, an infrared thermometer is installed on the upper cover of the stirring tank, the infrared thermometer is inserted into the stirring tank, and the infrared thermometer is connected with the panel of the overall PLC automatic control system.

Furthermore, the clamping size range of the three-jaw self-centering chuck (7) is 80-600mm, the tightening size range is 100-450mm, and the highest rotating speed is 1000 r/min.