阅读说明：本技术 一种酚醛树脂及其制备方法、新型可生物分解种植基质及其制备方法 (Phenolic resin and preparation method thereof, novel biodegradable planting matrix and preparation method thereof ) 是由 黄金登 池佩富 杨华伟 黄剑明 罗亿江 于 2020-06-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及植物栽培基质技术领域,特别涉及一种酚醛树脂及其制备方法、新型可生物分解种植基质及其制备方法,其中,所述酚醛树脂,包括以下组分：苯酚、甲醛、淀粉、活性炭、催化剂、尿素、乙二醇、硅油、EL-30；所述新型可生物分解种植基质,包括以下组分：酚醛树脂、淀粉、活性炭、固化剂、发泡剂、开孔剂、表面活性剂、稀释剂。本发明提供的新型可生物分解种植基质的孔隙度更大,且具有可生物分解性,应用于农业、林业、园艺等领域的播种、扦插等育苗和无土栽培具有广泛的适用性。(The invention relates to the technical field of plant culture substrates, in particular to phenolic resin and a preparation method thereof, and a novel biodegradable planting substrate and a preparation method thereof, wherein the phenolic resin comprises the following components: phenol, formaldehyde, starch, activated carbon, a catalyst, urea, glycol, silicone oil and EL-30; the novel biodegradable planting matrix comprises the following components: phenolic resin, starch, activated carbon, a curing agent, a foaming agent, a pore-opening agent, a surfactant and a diluent. The novel biodegradable planting matrix provided by the invention has larger porosity and biodegradability, and has wide applicability when being applied to seeding, cuttage and other seedling raising and soilless culture in the fields of agriculture, forestry, gardening and the like.)

1. The phenolic resin is characterized by comprising the following components: phenol, formaldehyde, starch, activated carbon, a catalyst, urea, glycol, silicone oil and EL-30.

2. The phenolic resin as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the following components in parts by mass: 100 parts of phenol, 150 parts of formaldehyde 110-containing organic solvent, 1-15 parts of starch, 0.2-2.5 parts of activated carbon, 0.8-2 parts of catalyst, 0.8-1.5 parts of urea, 1-1.5 parts of ethylene glycol, 0.3-1.2 parts of silicone oil and 2 parts of EL-301.5.

3. The phenolic resin of claim 1, wherein: the catalyst is one or a mixture of potassium hydroxide, barium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide.

4. A method for preparing the phenolic resin according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the following preparation steps:

putting phenol, formaldehyde, starch, activated carbon, urea, ethylene glycol, silicone oil, EL-30 and a catalyst into a reaction vessel according to a ratio, heating to 80 ℃, reacting at a constant temperature for 45min, heating to 88 ℃, reacting at a constant temperature for 150min, and stopping the reaction until the cloud point of the material reaches 15 ℃;

adding urea, and dehydrating the reaction material to ensure that the viscosity of the material is between 3000 and 7500cP at 25 ℃ and the solid content is more than or equal to 85 percent, thus obtaining the phenolic resin.

5. A novel biodegradable planting substrate is characterized by comprising the following components: phenolic resin, starch, activated carbon, a curing agent, a foaming agent, a pore-opening agent, a surfactant and a diluent;

wherein the phenolic resin is prepared by the phenolic resin of any one of claims 1 to 3 or the preparation method of claim 4.

6. The novel biodegradable planting substrate of claim 5, comprising the following components in parts by mass: 100 parts of phenolic resin, 2-10 parts of starch, 0.2-2.5 parts of activated carbon, 15-30 parts of curing agent, 5-10 parts of foaming agent, 4-7 parts of cell opening agent, 2-6 parts of surfactant and 4-8 parts of diluent.

7. The novel biodegradable planting substrate of claim 5, wherein: the curing agent is one or more of oxalic acid, phenolsulfonic acid, phosphoric acid and p-toluenesulfonic acid.

8. The novel biodegradable planting substrate of claim 5, wherein: the foaming agent is one of n-pentane, cyclopentane, n-hexane and cyclohexane.

9. The novel biodegradable planting substrate of claim 5, wherein: the cell opener is one or a mixture of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and detergent.

10. A method for preparing a novel biodegradable planting base according to any one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that it comprises the following preparation steps:

mixing phenolic resin, a foaming agent, a pore-opening agent, a surfactant, an emulsifier and a diluent, pouring a curing agent into the mixed material, stirring, pouring the material into a preheated mold, and then placing the mold into an oven at 80 ℃ for foaming, molding and curing to obtain the novel biodegradable planting matrix.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of plant culture substrates, in particular to phenolic resin and a preparation method thereof, a novel biodegradable planting substrate and a preparation method thereof.

Background

As is well known, soil is the most basic carrier of plants, but with the increasing shortage of land resources, the special cultivation requirements of plants and the urgency of environmental protection, the cultivation substrate with the traditional meaning to some extent cannot meet the requirements of modern agricultural production; but the soilless culture product which is used for replacing the soil culture is more and more paid attention by people;

the application number 200710120676.4 'urea formaldehyde foam plant cultivation matrix and the preparation method thereof' discloses a urea formaldehyde foam plant cultivation matrix and the preparation method thereof, the publication date is 2008/3/5, urea is subjected to condensation polymerization reaction to obtain urea formaldehyde resin, foaming, curing and drying are carried out on a foaming liquid obtained by mixing butyl naphthalene sodium sulfonate and phosphoric acid to obtain a foam matrix, and then aldehyde groups are removed to obtain the urea formaldehyde foam plant cultivation matrix.

In addition, the polyurethane sponge or rock wool can also be applied to substrates used in soilless culture, urban greening and sponge cities. Among them, polyurethane sponge is commonly used for hydroponic vegetables, and its porosity is large, but its water-absorbing and water-retaining property is poor, and it can not be decomposed biologically, and after using in large scale, it can cause environmental pollution; the rock wool can be applied to soilless culture, urban greening and sponge cities, has good water-retaining property, can itch and be harmful to inhalation after being contacted with a human body, cannot be decomposed biologically, and has higher cost only through recovery treatment;

in view of the various problems of the substrates, a great deal of research is carried out to find that the phenolic foam composition has the advantages of high aperture ratio, high water absorption, air permeability, root permeability and the like, and has wide applicability when being processed into a culture substrate in economically developed countries for seeding, cuttage and other seedling raising and soilless culture in the fields of agriculture, forestry, gardening and the like;

meanwhile, in order to realize an environment-friendly phenolic foam composition, the composition is mostly provided with the property of being degraded by microorganisms through modification, but is only limited to the microbial degradation.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above mentioned problems in the background art, the present invention provides a phenolic resin, comprising the following components: phenol, formaldehyde, starch, activated carbon, a catalyst, urea, glycol, silicone oil and EL-30.

On the basis of the scheme, the feed additive further comprises the following components in parts by mass: 100 parts of phenol, 150 parts of formaldehyde 110-containing organic solvent, 1-15 parts of starch, 0.2-2.5 parts of activated carbon, 0.8-2 parts of catalyst, 0.8-1.5 parts of urea, 1-1.5 parts of ethylene glycol, 0.3-1.2 parts of silicone oil and 2 parts of EL-301.5.

The specific surface area is further increased by adding activated carbon, so that the activated carbon is easier to biodegrade.

On the basis of the scheme, the catalyst is one or a mixture of potassium hydroxide, barium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide.

The glycol is used for adjusting the viscosity and activity of the resin, so that the subsequent foaming is stable; the silicon oil increases the toughness of the foam and avoids the foam from cracking; and the EL-30 is an emulsifier, and the addition of the emulsifier enables the board core to be fine and smooth and the foam to be uniform.

On the basis of the scheme, the solid content of the phenolic resin is more than or equal to 85%, and the viscosity is 3000-7500 cP.

Preferably, the phenolic resin has a viscosity of 4000-5500cP at 25 ℃.

The invention provides a preparation method of the phenolic resin, which comprises the following steps:

putting phenol, formaldehyde, starch, activated carbon, ethylene glycol, silicone oil, EL-30 and a catalyst into a reaction vessel according to a ratio, heating to 80 ℃, reacting at a constant temperature for 45min, heating to 88 ℃, reacting at a constant temperature for 150min, and stopping the reaction until the cloud point of the material reaches 15 ℃;

adding urea, and dehydrating the reaction material to ensure that the viscosity of the material is between 3000 and 7500cP at 25 ℃ and the solid content is more than or equal to 85 percent, thus obtaining the phenolic resin.

The invention provides a novel biodegradable planting matrix, which comprises the following components: phenolic resin, starch, activated carbon, a curing agent, a foaming agent, a pore-opening agent, a surfactant and a diluent;

wherein the phenolic resin is prepared by the phenolic resin or the preparation method.

On the basis of the scheme, the feed additive further comprises the following components in parts by mass: 100 parts of phenolic resin, 2-10 parts of starch, 0.2-2.5 parts of activated carbon, 15-30 parts of curing agent, 5-10 parts of foaming agent, 4-7 parts of cell opening agent, 2-6 parts of surfactant and 4-8 parts of diluent.

On the basis of the scheme, the curing agent is one or more of oxalic acid, phenolsulfonic acid, phosphoric acid and p-toluenesulfonic acid.

On the basis of the scheme, the foaming agent is one of n-pentane, cyclopentane, n-hexane and cyclohexane.

On the basis of the scheme, the cell opener is one or a mixture of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and detergent.

On the basis of the scheme, the surfactant is one or a mixture of silicone oil and EL.

On the basis of the scheme, further, the diluent is ethylene glycol.

The invention provides a preparation method of the novel biodegradable planting matrix, which comprises the following preparation steps:

mixing phenolic resin, a foaming agent, a pore-opening agent, a surfactant, an emulsifier and a diluent, pouring a curing agent into the mixed material, stirring, pouring the material into a preheated mold, and then placing the mold into an oven at 80 ℃ for foaming, molding and curing to obtain the novel biodegradable planting matrix.

Compared with the prior art, the novel biodegradable planting matrix and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention have the following effects: compared with the traditional soilless culture planting substrate in the current market, the novel biodegradable planting substrate provided by the invention has larger porosity and biodegradability.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following description will clearly and completely describe the embodiments of the present invention, and obviously, the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention also provides the following examples and comparative examples: