阅读说明：本技术 一种将危险废物电解铝铝灰进行无害化处理的方法 (Method for performing harmless treatment on hazardous waste electrolytic aluminum ash ) 是由 黄耀滨 于 2020-05-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种将危险废物电解铝铝灰进行无害化处理的方法,其特征在于：该方法主要包括如下步骤：(1)将原料电解铝铝灰进行第一次破碎筛分；(2)将颗粒铝进行熔化铸锭；(3)将颗粒铝进行第二次破碎筛分；(4)对所收集的细铝灰进行干法除氟铝灰无害化处理,本发明的处理方法处理量大,除氟效率高(一般大于99%),不排含氟废水,无二次污染和设备腐蚀等问题,基建费用和运行费用都较低。(The invention discloses a method for carrying out harmless treatment on hazardous waste electrolytic aluminum ash, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method mainly comprises the following steps: (1) carrying out primary crushing and screening on raw material electrolytic aluminum ash; (2) melting and casting the granular aluminum; (3) crushing and screening the granular aluminum for the second time; (4) the collected fine aluminum ash is subjected to dry-method fluorine-removing aluminum ash harmless treatment, the treatment method disclosed by the invention is large in treatment capacity, high in fluorine-removing efficiency (generally more than 99%), free of fluorine-containing wastewater discharge, free of problems of secondary pollution, equipment corrosion and the like, and low in capital construction cost and operation cost.)

1. A method for carrying out innocent treatment on hazardous waste electrolytic aluminum ash is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method mainly comprises the following steps:

(1) carrying out primary crushing and screening on raw material electrolytic aluminum ash;

(2) melting and casting the granular aluminum;

(3) crushing and screening the granular aluminum for the second time;

(4) the collected fine aluminum ash is subjected to dry-method fluorine-removing aluminum ash harmless treatment, and the method comprises the following steps:

firstly, adding calcium series compounds into a rotary furnace, taking hot furnace slag as an initial heat source, and performing heat treatment in a direct heating mode, wherein the temperature is controlled at 900-;

secondly, starting the rotary furnace to rotate according to a set rotating speed, gradually adding the collected fine aluminum ash, introducing compressed air at a speed of 3-5m for each hour, and assisting the furnace to fully burn;

thirdly, when the rotary furnace continuously rotates and burns for 3 to 6 hours until the metal aluminum is completely burnt, the rotary furnace stops rotating;

fourthly, the aluminum ash after complete combustion is sent to a cold ash system for cooling;

fifthly, after the aluminum ash is cooled to normal temperature, the aluminum ash is harmless aluminum ash, and the aluminum ash is directly packaged by a ton bag and can be used as a raw material of concrete pavement bricks and refractory materials.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the step (1) comprises the following steps:

firstly, conveying the collected electrolytic aluminum ash to a storage tank, then performing vacuum pumping on the electrolytic aluminum ash, and conveying the electrolytic aluminum ash to a feeding port of a crushing and screening machine;

sieving the electrolytic aluminum ash by a crushing and sieving machine to obtain granular aluminum and fine aluminum ash;

thirdly, the screened fine aluminum ash is conveyed into a storage barrel of the rotary furnace for subsequent treatment and use in a vacuum pumping mode;

fourthly, the screened granular aluminum is filled into a ton bag, the ton bag is hoisted to a hopper by a crane, and the hopper is added into a rotary furnace for metal aluminum recovery.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the step (2) comprises the following steps:

firstly, transporting the granular aluminum generated by screening in the step (1) to a feeding hopper at the top of a rotary furnace by a crane;

secondly, adding hot slag in the rotary furnace as an initial heat source, and performing heat treatment in a direct heating mode, wherein the heating temperature is controlled at 750 ℃ and 850 ℃, and the processing capacity of the rotary furnace is as follows: 2-3 t/h;

step by step, adding granular aluminum slag, and self-igniting and heating the granular aluminum slag in a rotary furnace body to melt metal aluminum into molten aluminum at high temperature;

fourthly, inclining the furnace body to enable the aluminum water to flow to the die, and naturally cooling and shaping to obtain an aluminum ingot;

fifthly, sending the rest aluminum ash to a cold ash system for cooling;

sixthly, conveying the cooled aluminum ash to a storage barrel in a vacuum conveying mode again, and using after secondary crushing and screening.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein: the step (3) comprises the following steps:

firstly, conveying the aluminum ash cooled in the step (2) to a storage tank, then pumping the aluminum ash in vacuum to a feeding port of a crushing and screening machine,

sieving the electrolytic aluminum ash by a crushing and sieving machine to obtain granular aluminum and fine aluminum ash;

thirdly, the screened fine aluminum ash is conveyed into a storage barrel of the rotary furnace for subsequent treatment and use in a vacuum pumping mode;

fourthly, the screened granular aluminum is filled into a ton bag, the ton bag is hoisted to a hopper by a crane, and the hopper is added into a rotary furnace for metal aluminum recovery;

if the granular aluminum still exists in the steps from the first step to the fourth step, the steps can be repeated, and three times of crushing and screening are carried out so as to fully collect the aluminum water and the aluminum ash.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein: the calcium series compound in the step (4) is calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide or calcium carbonate.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for harmlessly treating hazardous waste in aluminum industry, in particular to a method for harmlessly treating electrolytic aluminum ash.

Background

Various byproducts are produced in the aluminum smelting and forming processes. As a main byproduct in the aluminum industry, aluminum ash is generated in all aluminum melting processes, wherein the aluminum content accounts for about 1-12% of the total loss amount in the aluminum production and use process. In the past, people regarded aluminum ash as waste slag to be dumped, which not only causes aluminum resource waste, but also brings environmental problems.

Therefore, an economic and effective method is found for utilizing and treating the aluminum ash, so that the economic benefit of the aluminum industry is improved, the effective cyclic utilization of resources is realized, and meanwhile, the important influence on the sustainable development of economy and society is generated.

Wherein, a plurality of harmful substances exist in the electrolytic aluminum ash, and the aluminum ash needs to be subjected to harmless treatment before being reasonably utilized so as to ensure the harmlessness of the aluminum ash.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a method for harmlessly treating hazardous waste electrolytic aluminum ash.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for carrying out innocent treatment on hazardous waste electrolytic aluminum ash is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method mainly comprises the following steps:

(1) carrying out primary crushing and screening on raw material electrolytic aluminum ash;

(2) melting and casting the granular aluminum;

(3) crushing and screening the granular aluminum for the second time;

(4) the collected fine aluminum ash is subjected to dry-method fluorine-removing aluminum ash harmless treatment, and the method comprises the following steps:

firstly, adding calcium series compounds into a rotary furnace, taking hot furnace slag as an initial heat source, and performing heat treatment in a direct heating mode, wherein the temperature is controlled at 900-;

secondly, starting the rotary furnace to rotate according to a set rotating speed, gradually adding the collected fine aluminum ash, introducing compressed air at a speed of 3-5m for each hour, and assisting the furnace to fully burn;

thirdly, when the rotary furnace continuously rotates and burns for 3 to 6 hours until the metal aluminum is completely burnt, the rotary furnace stops rotating;

fourthly, the aluminum ash after complete combustion is sent to a cold ash system for cooling;

fifthly, after the aluminum ash is cooled to normal temperature, the aluminum ash is harmless aluminum ash, and the aluminum ash is directly packaged by a ton bag and can be used as a raw material of concrete pavement bricks and refractory materials.

Preferably, the step (1) includes the following steps:

firstly, conveying the collected electrolytic aluminum ash to a storage tank, then performing vacuum pumping on the electrolytic aluminum ash, and conveying the electrolytic aluminum ash to a feeding port of a crushing and screening machine;

sieving the electrolytic aluminum ash by a crushing and sieving machine to obtain granular aluminum and fine aluminum ash;

thirdly, the screened fine aluminum ash is conveyed into a storage barrel of the rotary furnace for subsequent treatment and use in a vacuum pumping mode;

fourthly, the screened granular aluminum is filled into a ton bag, the ton bag is hoisted to a hopper by a crane, and the hopper is added into a rotary furnace for metal aluminum recovery.

Preferably, the step (2) includes the following steps:

firstly, transporting the granular aluminum generated by screening in the step (1) to a feeding hopper at the top of a rotary furnace by a crane;

secondly, adding hot slag in the rotary furnace as an initial heat source, and performing heat treatment in a direct heating mode, wherein the heating temperature is controlled at 750 ℃ and 850 ℃, and the processing capacity of the rotary furnace is as follows: 2-3 t/h;

step by step, adding granular aluminum slag, and self-igniting and heating the granular aluminum slag in a rotary furnace body to melt metal aluminum into molten aluminum at high temperature;

fourthly, inclining the furnace body to enable the aluminum water to flow to the die, and naturally cooling and shaping to obtain an aluminum ingot;

fifthly, sending the rest aluminum ash to a cold ash system for cooling;

sixthly, conveying the cooled aluminum ash to a storage barrel in a vacuum conveying mode again, and using after secondary crushing and screening.

Preferably, the step (3) includes:

firstly, conveying the aluminum ash cooled in the step (2) to a storage tank, then pumping the aluminum ash in vacuum to a feeding port of a crushing and screening machine,

sieving the electrolytic aluminum ash by a crushing and sieving machine to obtain granular aluminum and fine aluminum ash;

thirdly, the screened fine aluminum ash is conveyed into a storage barrel of the rotary furnace for subsequent treatment and use in a vacuum pumping mode;

fourthly, the screened granular aluminum is filled into a ton bag, the ton bag is hoisted to a hopper by a crane, and the hopper is added into a rotary furnace for metal aluminum recovery;

if the granular aluminum still exists in the steps from the first step to the fourth step, the steps can be repeated, and three times of crushing and screening are carried out so as to fully collect the aluminum water and the aluminum ash.

Preferably, the calcium-series compound in step (4) is calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, or calcium carbonate.

The aluminum ash harmless treatment method has the advantages of large treatment capacity, high defluorination efficiency (generally more than 99%), no discharge of wastewater containing fluorine, no problems of secondary pollution, equipment corrosion and the like, and low capital construction cost and operation cost.

The purifying agent is prepared with calcium series compound, which has great surface area, many micropores and strong adsorption capacity, and the fluorine containing fume is first purified to adsorb fluorine onto the surface of the purifying agent to form recoverable fluoride.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, technical features, objects and technical effects of the present invention easily understandable, the present invention is further described below with reference to the specific drawings.