阅读说明：本技术 一种基于二维钙钛矿的多谱闪烁探测器系统及探测方法 (Multispectral scintillation detector system based on two-dimensional perovskite and detection method ) 是由 邓贞宙 宋智勇 于 2020-05-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种基于二维钙钛矿的多谱闪烁探测器系统及探测方法。其中,探测器系统由闪烁探头模块(包含二维叠层钙钛矿和光电倍增器)、电子学处理器模块和数据处理模块组成。在探测过程中,闪烁探头接收光信号并将其转化为电信号,电子学处理器对信号进行滤波降噪等过程,数据处理模块对信号作积分、校验、误差分析等步骤后输出。本发明提供的探测器系统及探测方法可降低系统成本,增大探测光谱范围及提高系统时间能量分辨率。(The invention discloses a multispectral scintillation detector system based on two-dimensional perovskite and a detection method. The detector system consists of a scintillation probe module (comprising a two-dimensional laminated perovskite and a photomultiplier), an electronics processor module and a data processing module. In the detection process, the scintillation probe receives an optical signal and converts the optical signal into an electric signal, the electronic processor performs filtering and noise reduction on the signal and the like, and the data processing module performs integration, verification, error analysis and the like on the signal and then outputs the signal. The detector system and the detection method provided by the invention can reduce the system cost, enlarge the detection spectrum range and improve the time energy resolution of the system.)

1. A multispectral scintillation detection method based on two-dimensional perovskite comprises the following steps:

s1: arranging a scintillation detector for detecting high-energy particles;

s2: aligning a scintillation probe module based on two-dimensional perovskite in the scintillation detector to a radiation field to be detected, and detecting the radiation of the radiation field;

s3: electrically connecting the signal output end of the scintillation probe module with the signal receiving end of an electronics processor module in the scintillation detector, wherein the electronics processor module is used for further processing signals;

s4: and electrically connecting the signal output end of the electronics processor module with the signal receiving end of the data processing module of the scintillation detector.

2. A two-dimensional perovskite-based multispectral scintillation detection method according to claim 1, wherein said two-dimensional perovskite-based scintillation probe module receives a radiated light signal in a radiation field, in particular by means of a two-dimensional layered perovskite crystal.

3. The multispectral scintillation detection method based on two-dimensional perovskite as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S2, the scintillation probe module based on two-dimensional perovskite converts the optical signal in the radiation field into an electrical signal through a photomultiplier, amplifies the electrical signal and outputs the amplified electrical signal to the electronic processor.

4. A two-dimensional perovskite-based multispectral scintillation detection method according to claim 1, wherein the process of detecting the radiation signal by the two-dimensional perovskite crystal comprises:

the radiation photons are projected to the surface of the two-dimensional perovskite crystal and gradually move towards the interior of the crystal, and finally stay in the interior of the crystal so as to form an energy deposition event;

the scattering effect occurs because photons are affected by crystal atoms in the process of moving in the crystal, so that multiple scintillation events in the crystal occur;

multiple scintillation events in the crystal are transmutated and transmitted by the photomultiplier.

5. The multispectral scintillation detection method based on two-dimensional perovskite as claimed in claim 3, wherein in step S3 said electronic processor module mainly receives the amplified electrical signal from said photomultiplier, and performs filtering, shaping, noise reduction and other processing on the electrical signal, and finally outputs the signal to said data processing module.

6. The multispectral scintillation detection method based on two-dimensional perovskite as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S4 said data processing module receives the electrical signal from said electronic processor module, and performs integration, calibration, error analysis and other steps on the electrical signal to obtain a scintillation detection output signal.

7. The two-dimensional perovskite-based multispectral scintillation detection method of claim 6, wherein the scintillation detection output signal comprises information on a position estimate of energy deposited for multiple scintillation events.

8. A multispectral scintillation detector system based on two-dimensional perovskite, characterized in that:

the device comprises a scintillation probe module, a radiation detector module and a control module, wherein the scintillation probe module is used for detecting optical signals in a radiation field and amplifying and outputting the optical signals;

an electronics processor module for further processing of the signals from the scintillation probe module;

the data processing module is used for further integrating and processing the signals from the electronic processor module to finally obtain scintillation detection output signals;

the scintillation probe module, the electronics processor module and the data processing module are electrically connected through the electronics device in sequence.

9. A two-dimensional perovskite-based multispectral scintillation detector system of claim 8, wherein the scintillation probe module is formed from two-dimensional stacked perovskite crystals and photomultipliers optically coupled;

the two-dimensional laminated perovskite crystal is specifically one or a combination of a plurality of A2PbC4(A ═ PEA, OA, C ═ Br, I) or CsPbX3(X ═ Cl, Br, I).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of radiation detection, in particular to a multispectral scintillation detector system based on two-dimensional perovskite and a detection method.

Background

A radiation detector refers to a radiation detection device that converts ionization or excitation generated in a detection medium by particles into various forms of information that can be directly or indirectly received by human senses using a suitable detection medium as a substance that interacts with the particles. Radiation detectors are mainly classified into gas ionization detectors, semiconductor detectors, and scintillation detectors. The scintillation detector is a radiation detector capable of emitting fluorescence by radiation detection under the illumination condition, and mainly comprises a scintillator, a light collecting component and a photoelectric conversion device. When a particle enters the scintillator, atoms or molecules of the scintillator are excited to produce fluorescence. The light collecting member using a light guide, a reflector, or the like, allows as much fluorescence as possible to be emitted to the photosensitive layer of the photoelectric conversion device and emits photoelectrons. These photoelectrons may be collected by an output stage to form an electrical pulse, either directly or after multiplication.

The scintillation crystal has scintillation property under the illumination condition of a certain wavelength, and is generally used as a detection medium in a scintillation detector. Common scintillation crystals used in scintillation detectors are Yttrium Silicate (YSO), yttrium lutetium silicate (LYSO), sodium iodide (NaI), cesium iodide (CsI), Bismuth Germanate (BGO), lanthanum bromide (LaBr3), and the like. The scintillation crystal LaBr3 has excellent scintillation luminescence performance, the luminescence characteristic is extrinsic luminescence, high light yield, high density and fast attenuation characteristic LaBr3 is obtained by doping rare earth ions Ce3+, and the doped Ce3+ ions are used as luminescence centers to emit light. The perfect scintillation mechanism is that holes and idle electrons rapidly follow the ionization trajectory resulting in 4f-5d excitation onto Ce3+ with 100% efficiency of 5d-4f emission. However, defects play an important role in the mechanism of scintillation during excitation and emission, since a hole at the top of the valence band is unstable and is confined to two anions to form Br2 —, and strong lattice relaxation is also accompanied in the process. During luminescence, the synthesized Vk center is better because it can jump from one spot to another by thermal excitation. At the same time, a self-trapping exciton (STE) also moves into the neutron defect due to thermal excitation. Because it is a neutron, it migrates faster than the Vk center. The LaBr3 Ce crystal absorbs external X-rays or gamma-rays, and then complex interaction occurs, so that a large number of electron-hole pairs are generated. The gap in energy between 4f-5d of Ce3+ ion is about 3.4e V, which is in the forbidden band of the host crystal. The decay time of the scintillation crystal LaBr3: Ce is 19ns, since the transition belongs to the permissible electric dipole transition, thus leading the decay time of the crystal to be extremely fast.

The perovskite material is a crystal material with a molecular structural formula shown as ABX3, the material has excellent photoelectric property, the photoelectric conversion efficiency can reach more than 23%, and the crystal preparation cost is low due to the low price of the material, so the perovskite material can be widely applied to the fields of solar cells, light-emitting diodes, photoelectric detectors and the like. Two-dimensional perovskites exhibit significant advantages in photovoltaic and optoelectronic devices due to their better structural stability and more tunable semiconductor properties.

Because the existing scintillation crystal is expensive, the material and processing and manufacturing cost of the detector is high, and some scintillation detectors have single detectable spectrum and low detection efficiency, a multispectral scintillation detector which is low in manufacturing cost, can detect multiple scintillation spectra and has high detection efficiency is required.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the phenomena of high manufacturing cost, low detection efficiency and incapability of multispectral detection of the conventional scintillation detector, the invention provides a multispectral scintillation detector system and a detection method based on two-dimensional perovskite, which can further improve the detection efficiency, the detection spectral range, the time energy resolution of the system and the like of the detector while reducing the cost of the detector system.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a multispectral scintillation detection method based on two-dimensional perovskite, which comprises the following steps:

s1: arranging a scintillation detector for detecting high-energy particles;

s2: aligning a scintillation probe module based on two-dimensional perovskite in a scintillation detector to a radiation field to be detected;

s3: the signal output end of the scintillation probe module is electrically connected with the signal receiving end of an electronics processor module used for further processing signals in the scintillation detector;

the electronics processor module can further process the signal from the scintillation probe to obtain a signal with accurate waveform and low noise;

s4: electrically connecting a signal output end of the electronics processor module with a signal receiving end of a data processing module of the scintillation detector;

the data processing module can further integrate and process the signals from the electronic processor to obtain scintillation detection output signals.

Preferably, the scintillation probe module based on two-dimensional perovskite receives the radiated light signal in the radiation field, in particular by means of a two-dimensional layered perovskite crystal.

Preferably, in step S2, the scintillation probe module based on two-dimensional perovskite may convert the optical signal in the radiation field into an electrical signal through a photomultiplier, amplify the electrical signal for output, and amplify the electrical signal for output to the electronic processor.

Preferably, the process of detecting the radiation signal by the two-dimensional stacked perovskite crystal comprises:

the radiation photons are projected to the surface of the two-dimensional perovskite crystal and gradually move towards the interior of the crystal, and finally stay in the interior of the crystal so as to form an energy deposition event;

the scattering effect occurs because photons are affected by crystal atoms in the process of moving in the crystal, so that multiple scintillation events in the crystal occur;

multiple scintillation events in the crystal are transmutated and transmitted by the photomultiplier.

Preferably, in step S3, the electronic processor module mainly receives the amplified electrical signal from the photomultiplier, and performs filtering, shaping, noise reduction, and the like on the electrical signal, and finally outputs the signal to the data processing module.

Preferably, in step S4, the data processing module receives the electrical signal from the electronic processor module, and performs integration, calibration, error analysis, and the like on the electrical signal to obtain a flicker detection output signal.

Preferably, the scintillation detection output signal includes position estimation information of deposition energy of multiple scintillation events, where the deposition energy refers to that, when the scintillation probe performs radiation detection, radiation photons are projected onto the surface of the two-dimensional stacked perovskite crystal, gradually move into the crystal, and finally stay inside the crystal to form an energy deposition event; the multi-scintillation event refers to the phenomenon that a plurality of energy deposition events in the crystal occur due to the scattering effect of crystal atoms when photons move in the two-dimensional stacked perovskite crystal, namely the multi-scintillation event occurs.

The invention provides a multispectral scintillation detector system based on two-dimensional perovskite, which comprises:

the scintillation probe module is used for detecting optical signals in a radiation field and amplifying and outputting the optical signals;

an electronics processor module for further processing of the signals from the scintillation probe module;

the data processing module is used for further integrating and processing the signals from the electronic processor module to finally obtain scintillation detection output signals;

the scintillation probe module, the electronics processor module and the data processing module are electrically connected through the electronics device in sequence.

Preferably, the scintillation probe module is formed by optically coupling a two-dimensional layered perovskite crystal and a photomultiplier;

the two-dimensional laminated perovskite crystal is specifically one or a combination of a plurality of A2PbC4(A ═ PEA, OA, C ═ Br, I) or CsPbX3(X ═ Cl, Br, I).

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) compared with the traditional scintillation detector which uses scintillation crystals as detection substances, the multispectral scintillation detector based on two-dimensional perovskite uses perovskite crystal materials, the material price is low, the crystal preparation method is simple and convenient, and the overall cost of materials and processing and manufacturing is lower.

(2) Compared with a three-dimensional perovskite crystal material, the two-dimensional perovskite has good intrinsic structure stability, is not easy to decompose under the action of moisture, air or temperature, and has excellent photoelectric conversion performance.

(3) The component of the two-dimensional perovskite crystal material can change the radius and valence state of element ions through a doping form, so that the macroscopic physical property of the material is changed, the characteristic of luminescence spectrum with continuously adjustable band gap is realized, and further the detector system and the detection method can realize multispectral scintillation detection.

(4) The invention can obtain higher time energy resolution, and can realize more accurate position estimation of the multi-flicker event deposition energy information through the data processing module.

Drawings

The invention will be explained by combining the accompanying drawings to explain a multispectral scintillation detector system based on two-dimensional perovskite and a detection method thereof.

Wherein:

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a multispectral scintillation detection process of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a multispectral scintillation detector system of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a scintillation probe of the multispectral scintillation detector system of the present invention.

In the figure: 100. a scintillation probe module; 110. a two-dimensional layered perovskite crystal; 111. a process of detecting optical signals by the two-dimensional laminated perovskite crystal; 120. a photomultiplier; 121. the signal conversion and amplification process of the photomultiplier; 200. an electronics processor module; 210. the electronic processor processes the signal; 300. a data processing module; 310. the data processing module processes a data process; 1. a two-dimensional stacked perovskite crystal array; 2. a photomultiplier.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of describing the invention in detail, the following detailed description will further illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that: unless specifically stated otherwise, the relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention; those skilled in the art should also realize that such equivalent changes or substitutions in function, method, or structure can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the multispectral scintillation detection method based on two-dimensional perovskite provided by the present invention detects and outputs a converted radiation signal in the form of event data, and then estimates the position information of the deposited energy of multiple scintillation events by using a data processing module, and the specific method steps are as follows:

s1: a scintillation detector is provided for detecting high energy particles, wherein the detectable high energy particles include alpha, beta, gamma, X-rays, neutrons, and the like.

S2: aiming a scintillation probe module 100 based on two-dimensional perovskite in a scintillation detector at a radiation field to be detected, wherein the radiation field to be detected mainly refers to a radiation field emitted by high-energy particles.

S3: the signal output end of the scintillation probe module 100 is electrically connected to the signal receiving end of the electronics processor module 200 in the scintillation detector, which is used for further processing the signal, wherein the scintillation probe module 100 can convert the optical signal in the radiation field into an electrical signal, amplify the electrical signal, and output the electrical signal to the electronics processor module 200. The electronics processor module 200 receives the amplified signal and then performs the processes of filtering, shaping, denoising, and the like on the amplified signal, and outputs the amplified signal to the data processing module 300 under the condition of ensuring the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal.

S4: the signal output end of the electronics processor module 200 is electrically connected to the signal receiving end of the data processing module 300 of the scintillation detector, wherein the data processing module 300 is used for receiving the signal from the electronics processor module 200 and performing further steps of integration, verification, error analysis and the like on the signal, and finally, the required position estimation information of the multi-scintillation event energy deposition is presented.

As shown in FIG. 2, the multispectral scintillation detector system based on two-dimensional perovskite mainly comprises a scintillation probe module, an electronic processor module for signal reprocessing and a data processing module.

As shown in fig. 3, the scintillation probe module in the multispectral scintillation detector system of the present invention includes two parts, a two-dimensional stacked perovskite crystal array 1 and a photomultiplier 2, which are combined together via optical coupling. When radiation photons enter the perovskite crystal, atoms or molecules of the crystal are excited to generate fluorescence, the fluorescence is emitted to a photosensitive layer of the photomultiplier as much as possible by utilizing the light guide and photoelectrons are emitted, and the photoelectrons are multiplied and then collected by an output stage to form electric pulses, so that the signal amplification and conversion process of converting optical signals into electric signals is realized.