阅读说明：本技术 一种可循环使用的抗菌棉布及其制备方法 (Recyclable antibacterial cotton cloth and preparation method thereof ) 是由 刘向东 杨静 许青波 李琳 徐心怡 于 2020-06-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种可循环使用的抗菌棉布及其制备方法。所述棉布经表面接枝改性形成一种脂质分子层,所述脂质分子层吸附抗菌剂分子,使棉布拥有抗菌功能；所述脂质分子层由多元羧酸与棉纤维表面羟基酯化后再与烷醇酯化接枝而成；所述抗菌剂通过吸附作用存在于脂质分子层,在抑菌能力减弱后,可通过再吸附获得抗菌功能的活化。本发明所述棉布抗菌活化可用抗菌剂可选范围广泛,对抗菌处理要求非常简单,在日常洗涤过程中即可实现,制造成本低,制备方法简单,可循环使用,是一种非常具有应用前景的新型棉布。(The invention relates to a recyclable antibacterial cotton cloth and a preparation method thereof. The surface of the cotton cloth is grafted and modified to form a lipid molecular layer, and the lipid molecular layer adsorbs antibacterial agent molecules, so that the cotton cloth has an antibacterial function; the lipid molecular layer is formed by esterifying and grafting polybasic carboxylic acid and hydroxyl on the surface of cotton fiber with alkanol; the antibacterial agent exists in a lipid molecular layer through adsorption, and after the bacteriostatic ability is weakened, the antibacterial function can be activated through re-adsorption. The available antibacterial agent for antibacterial activation of the cotton cloth has wide selectable range, very simple requirement on antibacterial treatment, low manufacturing cost and simple preparation method, can be realized in the daily washing process, can be recycled, and is novel cotton cloth with very good application prospect.)

1. A recyclable antibacterial cotton cloth comprises a cotton cloth, a grafted lipid molecular layer on the fiber surface of the cotton cloth, and antibacterial agent molecules adsorbed by the grafted lipid molecular layer; the method is characterized in that: the grafted lipid molecular layer is formed by esterifying and grafting polybasic carboxylic acid and hydroxyl on the surface of cotton fiber with alkanol; the antibacterial agent molecules exist in the grafted lipid molecule layer through adsorption, and after the antibacterial ability is weakened, the antibacterial function can be obtained again through adsorbing the antibacterial agent.

2. The recyclable antibacterial cotton cloth according to claim 1, characterized in that: the grafted lipid molecular layer is formed by esterifying polyacrylic acid with the molecular weight of 1000-70000 with hydroxyl on the surface of cotton fiber and then esterifying and grafting the esterified polyacrylic acid with a straight chain or branched chain structure organic alcohol with a main chain skeleton containing 8-64 carbon atoms.

3. The recyclable antibacterial cotton cloth according to claim 1, characterized in that: the antibacterial agent is a cationic antibacterial agent with a straight chain or branched chain structure, wherein the main chain skeleton of the cationic antibacterial agent contains 6-64 carbon atoms.

4. A method for preparing a recyclable antibacterial cotton cloth according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by comprising the steps of:

step one, dissolving polycarboxylic acid in deionized water to obtain polycarboxylic acid aqueous solution, soaking cotton cloth in the polycarboxylic acid aqueous solution, and performing esterification reaction on hydroxyl on the surface of the cotton cloth and the polycarboxylic acid;

step two, soaking the cotton cloth obtained by the treatment in the step one in straight chain alkanol solution to carry out second-step esterification reaction grafting to obtain a grafted lipid molecule layer;

and step three, soaking the cotton cloth obtained by the treatment in the step two in an antibacterial agent solution, washing and drying to obtain the antibacterial cotton cloth.

5. The method for preparing antibacterial cotton cloth capable of being recycled according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the polycarboxylic acid is polyacrylic acid, and the polyacrylic acid aqueous solution is 5-50 wt% aqueous solution.

6. The method for preparing antibacterial cotton cloth capable of being recycled according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the straight chain alkanol is monofunctional straight chain alkanol with 12-18 carbon atoms, and the straight chain alkanol solution is a liquid paraffin solution with 10 wt% -40 wt%.

7. The method for preparing antibacterial cotton cloth capable of being recycled according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the esterification temperature of the graft polyacid in the step one is 180 ℃, and the treatment time is 5 min.

8. The method for preparing antibacterial cotton cloth capable of being recycled according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and in the second step, the esterification temperature of the grafted monofunctional linear alkanol is 170-190 ℃, and the treatment time is 30 min.

9. The method for preparing antibacterial cotton cloth capable of being recycled according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the antibacterial agent is linear quaternary ammonium salt with single end functional group, such as dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, octadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and the like.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of fabric treatment, in particular to the field of fabric surface grafting modification and after-finishing.

Background

The cotton cloth has the advantages of low price, ventilation, softness, wear resistance and the like, and is popular in the markets of garment fabrics and home textile fabrics. Since large gaps exist between cotton and cloth yarns and between fibers, skin secretions such as sweat are easily absorbed and become nutrition for microorganisms such as bacteria, so that the phenomena such as mildew and deterioration are easily caused, and the use feeling and the human health are influenced.

The existing antibacterial cotton cloth can be divided into two types, namely antibacterial activity reproducible antibacterial cotton cloth and antibacterial activity unreproducible antibacterial cotton cloth according to the possibility of reproduction of the antibacterial activity of an antibacterial agent used in the antibacterial finishing.

Qianting et al general TiO nano₂The antibacterial agent is prepared by matching with chitosan and loaded on the surface of cotton cloth, the bacteriostasis rate of the obtained cotton cloth to aspergillus niger can reach 99.99%, but the bacteriostasis rate is reduced to 65.43% after the cotton cloth is washed for 15 times. Muhui et al found that baicalin was best bound to polyester, cotton, and polyester-linen fabrics by pre-baking at 50 deg.C and baking at 90 deg.C through a two-dip two-roll process, but after the obtained antibacterial fabrics were washed 15 times, the antibacterial rate of Escherichia coli was reduced to 79.0%, and the antibacterial rate of Staphylococcus aureus was reduced to 73.9%. The two antibacterial agents can be used as representatives of nonrenewable antibacterial agents with antibacterial activity, which are difficult to obtain in daily life, and the temperature required for finishing the surface of the cotton cloth is also high, which is difficult to realize in daily life, so that the antibacterial cotton cloth obtained by finishing cannot be reused once the antibacterial activity is lost.

Dianthus hainanensis Yongchi screen prepares a cotton fiber P (AA-MBAA) -cotton cloth grafted by a non-cyclic halamine precursor, and the cotton fiber P (AA-MBAA-Cl) -cotton cloth grafted by the non-cyclic halamine can be obtained by soaking the cotton fiber P (AA-MBAA-Cl) -cotton cloth in a 1% sodium hypochlorite solution for 2 hours for chlorination, and the antibacterial performance test result shows that the prepared P (AA-MBAA-C1) -cotton cloth can be used for preparing the cotton fiber with the concentration of 5.78 × 10 within 30 minutes⁷Staphylococcus aureus in CFU/mL and concentration 7.58 × 10⁸CFU/mL of E.coli was killed. After 25 washes on cotton, almost all of the cotton was lostAfter the antibacterial activity, the cotton cloth can be dipped in the sodium hypochlorite solution again to recover the oxidation state chlorine part on the surface of the cotton cloth, and the obtained cotton cloth still has good antibacterial activity. However, the sodium hypochlorite has sensitization effect on human body, chlorine gas released by the reaction with acid may cause poisoning, and the cotton cloth needs a long time to be soaked, so that the operation is inconvenient in daily life. Therefore, special oxidants are usually required for antibacterial activation of the antibacterial agent with reproducible antibacterial activity, and the oxidants generally have certain toxicity and certain harm to human bodies and the environment, so that the antibacterial cotton cloth finished by the antibacterial finishing agent is not suitable for being repeatedly used in daily life.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the recyclable antibacterial cotton fabric, the selectable range of the antibacterial agent is wide, and the antibacterial activation can be completed by soaking the fabric in the antibacterial finishing liquid with normal temperature and low concentration through the adsorption action. Because many disinfectants and lotions contain antibacterial agent components, the antibacterial finishing agent required by the antibacterial activation of the cotton cloth can be obtained in daily life, the antibacterial activation can be completed in the washing process, no special activation treatment procedure is needed, and the antibacterial activity can be regenerated for many times and recycled.

The invention solves the technical problem that the preparation of the antibacterial cotton cloth with non-renewable antibacterial activity usually needs a special antibacterial finishing agent and higher finishing conditions, so that people are difficult to recycle in daily life. The cotton cloth with antibacterial activity can be repeatedly obtained, and the oxidant used for activating the antibacterial function usually has certain toxicity, has certain harm to human bodies and the environment, and is not suitable for being repeatedly used in daily life.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a recyclable antibacterial cotton cloth comprises a cotton cloth, a grafted lipid molecular layer on the fiber surface of the cotton cloth, and antibacterial agent molecules adsorbed by the grafted lipid molecular layer; the grafted lipid molecular layer is formed by esterifying and grafting polybasic carboxylic acid and hydroxyl on the surface of cotton fiber with alkanol; the antibacterial agent molecules exist in the grafted lipid molecule layer through adsorption, and after the antibacterial ability is weakened, the antibacterial function can be obtained again through adsorbing the antibacterial agent.

Preferably, the grafted lipid molecular layer is formed by esterifying polyacrylic acid with the molecular weight of 1000-70000 with hydroxyl on the surface of cotton fiber and then esterifying and grafting the esterified polyacrylic acid with a straight chain or branched chain structure organic alcohol with a main chain skeleton containing 8-64 carbon atoms.

Preferably, the antibacterial agent is a cationic antibacterial agent with a straight chain or branched chain structure, wherein the main chain skeleton of the cationic antibacterial agent contains 6-64 carbon atoms.

The preparation method of the recyclable antibacterial cotton cloth comprises the following steps:

step one, dissolving polycarboxylic acid in deionized water to obtain polycarboxylic acid aqueous solution, soaking cotton cloth in the polycarboxylic acid aqueous solution, and performing esterification reaction on hydroxyl on the surface of the cotton cloth and the polycarboxylic acid;

step two, soaking the cotton cloth obtained by the treatment in the step one in straight chain alkanol solution to carry out second-step esterification reaction grafting to obtain a grafted lipid molecule layer;

and step three, soaking the cotton cloth obtained by the treatment in the step two in an antibacterial agent solution, washing and drying to obtain the antibacterial cotton cloth.

Preferably, the polycarboxylic acid is polyacrylic acid, and the polyacrylic acid aqueous solution is 5-50 wt% aqueous solution.

Preferably, the linear alkanol is monofunctional linear alkanol with 12-18 carbon atoms, and the linear alkanol solution is a liquid paraffin solution with 10 wt% -40 wt%.

Preferably, the temperature for esterification of the graft polyacid in the first step is 180 ℃ and the treatment time is 5 min.

Preferably, the temperature for esterification of the grafted monofunctional linear alkanol in the second step is 170-190 ℃, and the treatment time is 30 min.

Preferably, the antibacterial agent is a linear single-end functional quaternary ammonium salt, such as dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, octadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, etc.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the antibacterial agent required by cotton cloth impregnation has a wide selection range. The daily lotion and disinfectant contain corresponding antibacterial components.

(2) The cotton cloth can be immersed in a low-concentration antibacterial agent solution at normal temperature to obtain antibacterial activity, and special activation treatment conditions are not needed, so that the antibacterial activity can be finished in daily life.

(3) The cotton cloth can be recycled for multiple times, and after the antibacterial activity is reduced, the antibacterial activity can be regenerated by soaking the normal-temperature low-concentration antibacterial agent solution again.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of modified fibers in the antibacterial cotton cloth for recycling according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated with reference to specific examples, without however being limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can and should understand that any simple changes or substitutions based on the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.