Medical instrument for tightening double-thread-end steel wire
阅读说明:本技术 一种用于双线头钢丝线收紧的医疗器械 (Medical instrument for tightening double-thread-end steel wire ) 是由 不公告发明人 于 2020-06-10 设计创作,主要内容包括:本发明公开一种用于双线头钢丝线收紧的医疗器械,包括双线头机架、第五手轮、第一卷筒、滑槽件、螺杆、左一连杆、左二连杆、左长杆、右一连杆、右二连杆、右长杆、第二卷筒,左一连杆、左二连杆、左长杆安装于双线头机架左前端,四者构成不等边四边形,右一连杆、右二连杆、右长杆安装于双线头机架右前端,四者构成不等边四边形,滑槽件和螺杆用于调整左长杆和右长杆的张开位置,第一卷筒用于收紧左线头或第一根钢丝线,第二卷筒用于收紧右线头或第二根钢丝线,第五手轮通过由齿轮组构成的传动结构驱动第一卷筒和第二卷筒的转动,实现对双线头引出的钢丝线或两根单线头引出的钢丝线的收紧和放松。(The invention discloses a medical instrument for tightening a double-thread steel wire, which comprises a double-thread stand, a fifth hand wheel, a first winding drum, a chute piece, a screw rod, a left connecting rod, a left long rod, the right connecting rod, the right long rod and the second winding drum are arranged at the left front end of the double-thread-end rack, the left connecting rod and the left long rod form an equilateral quadrilateral, the right connecting rod and the right long rod are arranged at the right front end of the double-thread-end rack, the equilateral quadrilateral is formed by the four connecting rods, a sliding chute piece and a screw rod are used for adjusting the opening positions of the left long rod and the right long rod, the first winding drum is used for tightening a left thread head or a first steel wire, the second winding drum is used for tightening a right thread head or a second steel wire, and the fifth hand wheel drives the first winding drum and the second winding drum to rotate through a transmission structure formed by a gear set, so that the tightening and loosening of the steel wire led out by the double thread heads or the.)
1. A medical instrument for tightening a double-wire-end steel wire comprises a double-wire-end rack (301), a fifth hand wheel (302), a first wrench (303), a first winding drum (304), a first locking knob (305), a left guide wheel (306), a left connecting rod (307), a sliding groove piece (308), a screw (309), a left connecting rod (310), a left long rod (311), a left second guide wheel (312), a left third guide wheel (313), a right third guide wheel (314), a right second guide wheel (315), a right long rod (316), a right second connecting rod (317), a right connecting rod (318), a right first guide wheel (319), a second locking knob (320), a second winding drum (321), a second wrench (322), a first bevel gear set (323), a right end cover (324), a second worm gear (325), a first planetary bevel gear (326), a left end cover (327), a second bevel gear set (328), and a second planetary bevel gear set (329), the method is characterized in that: a left connecting rod (307), a left connecting rod (310), a left long rod (311) are arranged at the left front end of the double-end rack (301), the four connecting rods form a trapezoid, a right connecting rod (318), a right connecting rod (317), a right long rod (316) are arranged at the right front end of the double-end rack (301), the four connecting rods form a trapezoid, a sliding groove piece (308) and a screw rod (309) are arranged at the middle position of the front end of the double-end rack (301) and used for adjusting the opening positions of the left long rod (311) and the right long rod (316), a first wrench (303), a first winding drum (304) and a first locking knob (305) are arranged at the left side of the double-end rack (301) and used for tightening a left end (6.1) or a first steel wire, a second locking knob (320), a second winding drum (321) and a second wrench (322) are arranged at the right side of the double-end rack (301) and used for tightening a right two ends (6.2) or a first steel wire, the fifth hand wheel (302) drives the first winding drum (304) and the second winding drum (321) to rotate through a transmission structure consisting of a first bevel gear set (323), a right end cover (324), a second worm gear (325), a first planetary bevel gear (326), a left end cover (327), a second bevel gear set (328) and a second planetary bevel gear (329), so that the tightening and loosening of the steel wire led out by the double wire heads or the steel wire led out by the two single wire heads are realized.
2. The medical device for the tensioning of a two-wire end wire according to claim 1, wherein: two sides of the front end of the double-line-head rack (301) are respectively provided with an extending arm, the rear end of the double-line-head rack (301) is of a double-layer structure formed by an upper plate and a lower plate, the middle position of the upper plate of the double-line-head rack (301) is provided with a threaded hole, the lower plate is of a rectangular structure, the front end of the lower plate is provided with two inserting plates (301.1), the rear ends of the upper plate and the lower plate are provided with coaxial and through round holes, the upper end of a fifth hand wheel (302) is of a hand wheel structure which can be operated by hands and is convenient to rotate, the middle part of the fifth hand wheel is of a worm structure, the lower end of the fifth hand wheel (302) is provided with an internal spline, the fifth hand wheel (302) is arranged in the round holes at the rear ends of the upper plate and the lower plate of the double-line-head rack (301), the fifth hand wheel (302) and the fifth hand wheel (325) form a rotating pair, a second, the right end cover (324) is in fastening connection with the right end of the second worm gear (325) through a screw, the left end cover (327) is in fastening connection with the left end of the second worm gear (325) through a screw, the first bevel gear set (323) and the right end cover (324) form a rotating pair, both ends of the first bevel gear set (323) are provided with bevel gear structures, the bevel gear structure at the left end is simultaneously meshed with the first planetary bevel gear (326) and the second planetary bevel gear (329), the second bevel gear set (328) and the left end cover (327) form a rotating pair, both ends of the second bevel gear set (328) are provided with bevel gear structures, and the bevel gear structure at the right end is simultaneously meshed with the first planetary bevel gear (326) and the second planetary bevel gear (329).
3. The medical device for the tensioning of a two-wire end wire according to claim 1, wherein: a variable diameter groove is arranged in the cylindrical side surface of the first winding drum (304), so that a left thread end (6.1) penetrating into the variable diameter groove is smooth, the width of the variable diameter groove can only accommodate the penetration of a single steel wire, a first wrench (303) is arranged at a position close to the bottom end of the variable-diameter groove, an eccentric wheel structure is arranged at the lower end of the first wrench (303), a left thread end (6.1) penetrates through the variable-diameter groove and passes through a gap between the eccentric wheel and the variable-diameter groove, the first wrench (303) is pulled anticlockwise, the eccentric wheel structure can be tightly pressed on the left thread end (6.1), a threaded hole is arranged in the first winding drum (304), the first locking knob (305) and the threaded hole form a thread pair, the first winding drum (304) is arranged on the left side of the double-thread-end rack (301), the first winding drum and the double-thread-end rack form a rotating pair, the lower end of the first winding drum (304) is provided with a bevel gear structure, the bevel gear structure is meshed with a bevel gear structure at the left end of a second bevel gear set (328); the cylindrical side surface of the second winding drum (321) is internally provided with a variable diameter groove, so that the right thread end (6.2) penetrating into the groove is excessively smooth, the width of the variable diameter groove can only accommodate the penetration of a single steel wire, a second spanner (322) is arranged at the position close to the bottom end of the variable diameter groove, an eccentric wheel structure is arranged at the lower end of the second spanner (322), the second spanner (322) is pulled clockwise after a right thread end (6.2) penetrates through the variable diameter groove and passes through a gap between the eccentric wheel and the variable diameter groove, the eccentric wheel structure can be tightly pressed on the right thread end (6.2), a threaded hole is arranged in the second winding drum (321), the threaded hole of the second locking knob (320) forms a thread pair, the second winding drum (321) is arranged on the right side of the double-thread-end rack (301) and forms a rotating pair, the lower end of the second winding drum (321) is provided with a bevel gear structure, the bevel gear structure is meshed with a bevel gear structure at the right end of the first bevel gear set (323).
4. The medical device for the tensioning of a two-wire end wire according to claim 1, wherein: the front end of the screw rod (309) is provided with a manually rotatable disc structure, the rear end of the screw rod is of a thread structure, the thread structure is matched with a threaded hole in the middle of the upper plate of the double-thread-end rack (301) to form a thread pair, the middle of the sliding groove piece (308) is provided with a round hole, the left side and the right side of the sliding groove piece are provided with a long-strip hole, the screw rod (309) is arranged in the round hole in the middle of the sliding groove piece (308), and the screw rod (309) and the round hole form a rotating;
one end of a left connecting rod (307) and a projecting arm on the left side of the double-thread-head rack (301) form a rotating pair, the other end and the rear end of a left long rod (311) form a rotating pair, one end of a left two connecting rod (310) and the projecting arm on the left side of the double-thread-head rack (301) form a rotating pair, the other end and the middle position of the left long rod (311) form a rotating pair, a left two guide wheel (312) and a left three guide wheel (313) are arranged at the front end of the left long rod (311), a left guide wheel (306) is arranged at the rear end of the left long rod (311), a projecting shaft which extends downwards is arranged at the rear end of the left long rod (311) and can slide in a long opening on;
the right connecting rod (318) one end constitutes the revolute pair with the cantilever on double thread end frame (301) right side, the other end constitutes the revolute pair with right stock (316) rear end, two right connecting rod (317) one end constitutes the revolute pair with the cantilever on double thread end frame (301) right side, the other end constitutes the revolute pair with right stock (316) intermediate position, right stock (316) front end is equipped with two right guide wheels (315) and three right guide wheels (314), right stock (316) rear end is equipped with a right guide wheel (319), and right stock (316) rear end is equipped with a protrusion axle that stretches out downwards, this protrusion axle can slide in the rectangular trompil on chute spare (308) right side.
5. The medical device for the tensioning of a two-wire end wire according to claim 1, wherein: the length of the left connecting rod (307) and the right connecting rod (318) is 40mm, the length of the left connecting rod (310) and the right connecting rod (317) is 35mm, the distance between the left end axle center of the left connecting rod (307) and the left end axle center of the left connecting rod (310) is 45mm, the distance between the right end axle center of the left connecting rod (307) and the right end axle center of the left connecting rod (310) is 50mm, the distance between the right end axle center of the right connecting rod (318) and the right end axle center of the right connecting rod (317) is 45mm, the distance between the left end axle center of the right connecting rod (318) and the left end axle center of the right connecting rod (317) is 50mm, and unequal sides formed by the parts can enable the left three guide wheels (313) and the right three guide wheels (314) to have a larger distance adjusting range;
in the initial state, the screw (309) retracts into a threaded hole in the middle of the upper plate of the double-thread-head rack (301), the left three guide wheel (313) and the right three guide wheel (314) are closest to each other, when the screw (309) is screwed out of the threaded hole, the sliding chute piece (308) moves forwards, so that the left long rod (311) and the right long rod (316) move forwards, and in the process, due to the action of a quadrangle with a specific side length formed by the left extending arm, the left connecting rod (307), the left two connecting rods (310), the left long rod (311), the right extending arm, the right connecting rod (318), the right two connecting rods (317) and the right long rod (316) of the double-thread-head rack (301), the front ends of the left long rod (311) and the right long rod (316) are opened, so that the left three guide wheel (313) and the right three guide wheel (314) can be adjusted to the distance required by the operation; after the screw (309) is screwed into the threaded bore, the components return to the initial state.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a medical instrument for tightening a double-thread steel wire.
Background
The kneecap is positioned in front of the knee joint, is the largest seed bone in a human body and is embedded in the quadriceps femoris tendon, is a triangular flat bone and participates in the formation of the knee joint, and the kneecap has the main functions of protecting the knee joint, avoiding the friction of the quadriceps femoris tendon on the cartilage surface of the condyle of the femur, transmitting the strength of the quadriceps femoris muscle and participating in the formation of a knee stretching device; also has the functions of maintaining the stability of the knee joint in the semi-squatting position, preventing the excessive adduction, abduction and flexion of the knee joint, having the function of a bicycle chain and increasing the rotation capacity of the knee joint.
Patellar fracture is a common fracture type in clinic, has high incidence rate, accounts for about 10 percent of all fractures, and is often caused by direct violence, indirect violence and mixed violence; the direct violence is mostly directly hit on the patella due to external force, such as bruise, kicking injury and the like, the fracture is mostly comminuted, the anterior tendinous membrane of the patella, the two side aponeuroses of the patella and the joint capsule are mostly kept intact, and the fracture can also be transverse fracture; indirect violence is usually caused by the violent contraction of quadriceps femoris muscle, which causes traction injury, such as sudden slipping, half flexion of knee joint, sudden contraction of quadriceps femoris muscle, upward traction of patella, and fixation of patella ligament at the lower part of patella, thereby causing fracture of patella.
When the patella fracture is repaired in a surgical mode, firstly, the patella main body and the fracture part need to be reset, then the patella main body and the fracture part are connected through the steel nails, in order to keep the stability of the fracture part after the fracture part is reset, the steel nails need to be arranged in an array along the circumferential direction of the patella, then, steel wires penetrate through the steel nails and are fastened and cut off, in the process of tightening the steel wires, tightening equipment needs to be used for operation, and generally, the following three conditions are common in the leading-out modes after the steel wires fix the steel needles, one is leading out of one single wire head, one is leading out of two wire heads, and the other is leading out of two single wire heads; at present, operations of leading out single-thread steel wire wires and leading out double-thread steel wire wires are respectively operated by two different tightening devices, and the operations of leading out two single-thread steel wire wires need two single-thread tightening devices, so that the medical cost is wasted, the space occupancy rate of the operation devices is increased, and the convenience of operation of doctors is influenced.
The Chinese patent with publication number CN110037788A discloses a medical instrument applied to patellar fracture repair, which comprises a rotating mechanism, a single-thread-head tensioning mechanism, a double-thread-head tensioning mechanism, a tensioning control mechanism and a power source, wherein the single-thread-head tensioning mechanism and the double-thread-head tensioning mechanism are respectively positioned at two ends of the rotating mechanism; after analysis, the technical scheme related in the invention patent has the following defects:
1) one device cannot solve the problem of operation involving two single-line head leading-out operations, and in case of the operation, two medical staff can only be used for operating the two devices to participate in the operation, so that medical resources are wasted, the working space of a doctor is occupied, and the operation efficiency is reduced;
2) in the technical scheme related to the invention patent, a single-thread-head tensioning mechanism and a double-thread-head tensioning mechanism are respectively positioned at two ends of a rotating mechanism, namely the equipment is simultaneously provided with the single-thread-head tensioning mechanism and the double-thread-head tensioning mechanism, but only one tensioning mechanism is applied in the operation, and the other tensioning mechanism is idle, and the equipment is operated by hands, so that the idle tensioning mechanism not only occupies the operation space, but also increases the load of arms when the medical personnel operate and increases the burden of the medical personnel;
3) referring to the patent document specifications [0065], [0066], [0067] and the drawings 23, 24 and 25 in the attached drawings, as the sleeve I (311) with the driving helical teeth (312) and the sleeve II (313) with the driven helical teeth (314) are adopted for transmission, the technical effect which is expected to be realized is that one-way transmission cannot be realized; in the process of tightening the steel wire, a doctor needs to try tightening force for multiple times before tying the steel wire head to enable the reduction of the bone gap to achieve the best effect, so that in the process of tightening the steel wire, if excessive tightening needs to be loosened, the equipment related in the patent cannot achieve the technical effect of loosening the steel wire, only the first hand-screwed bolt (214) or the second hand-screwed bolt (227) can be opened to loosen the compressed steel wire head, and after the initial state of the equipment is recovered, the compressed steel wire head is tightened again, so that the operation efficiency is seriously influenced, and secondary injury is also caused to the damaged patella;
4) because the driving helical gear (312) and the driven helical gear (314) are actually ratchet transmission structures, the number of teeth is certain, the minimum step number which can be realized by rotating a circle in the circumferential direction is also certain, and stepless transmission cannot be realized, so that the embarrassment condition that one step is too loose and the other step is too tight easily occurs in the operation, even if the number of teeth of the helical gear is increased, the degree of too loose or too tight can only be reduced, and the over-loose or too tight degree cannot be completely eliminated, moreover, the number of teeth is increased, the tooth shape is reduced, the material has stress limit, and the number of teeth of the helical gear cannot be infinitely increased;
5) reference is made to the technical features described in the above patent document descriptions in paragraphs [0065], [0066] and [0067 ]: there is no transmission structure capable of self-locking between the first transition gear (315) and the driving shaft 238, so that the technical effect "when the first driving
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a medical instrument for tightening a double-thread steel wire, which has the advantages of novel structure, convenient operation and high modularization degree, can realize the tightening and loosening of the steel wire led out by double threads and the steel wire led out by two single threads, saves the operation time, reduces the operation cost and improves the operation quality.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a medical instrument for tightening a double-thread-end steel wire is hereinafter called a double-thread-end tightening mechanism and comprises a double-thread-end frame, a fifth hand wheel, a first wrench, a first winding drum, a first locking knob, a left guide wheel, a left connecting rod, a chute piece, a screw rod, a left connecting rod, a left long rod, a left second guide wheel, a left third guide wheel, a right second guide wheel, a right long rod, a right second connecting rod, a right guide wheel, a second locking knob, a second winding drum, a second wrench, a first bevel gear set, a right end cover, a second worm gear, a first planetary bevel gear, a left end cover, a long rod gear set and a second planetary bevel gear, wherein the left connecting rod, the left connecting rod and the left long rod are arranged at the left front end of the double-thread-end frame, the four form a non-equilateral quadrangle, the right connecting rod and the right front end of the double-thread-end frame are arranged at the right front end of the double-thread-end frame, the four form, the first wrench, the first winding drum and the first locking knob are installed on the left side of the double-end rack and used for tightening a left end or a first steel wire, the second locking knob, the second winding drum and the second wrench are installed on the right side of the double-end rack and used for tightening a right end or a second steel wire, and the fifth hand wheel drives the first winding drum and the second winding drum to rotate through a transmission structure consisting of a first bevel gear set, a right end cover, a second worm gear, a first planetary bevel gear, a left end cover, a second bevel gear set and a second planetary bevel gear, so that tightening and loosening of the steel wires led out by the double ends or the steel wires led out by the two single ends are realized.
Furthermore, two sides of the front end of the double-end rack are respectively provided with an extending arm, the rear end of the double-end rack is of a double-layer structure consisting of an upper plate and a lower plate, a threaded hole is formed in the middle of the upper plate of the double-end rack, the lower plate is of a rectangular structure with the same size as the rectangular groove on the upper side of the front end of the main body rack, two inserting plates are arranged at the front end of the lower plate, coaxial and through round holes are formed in the rear ends of the upper plate and the lower plate, a hand wheel structure is arranged at the upper end of a fifth hand wheel and can be operated by hands and conveniently rotated, a worm structure is arranged in the middle of the fifth hand wheel, an internal spline is arranged at the lower end of the fifth hand wheel, the fifth hand wheel is arranged in the round holes in the rear ends of the upper plate and the lower plate of the double-end rack, the second worm wheel is arranged between the upper plate and the lower plate of the double-end rack, a, the left end cover is fastened and connected with the left end of the second worm gear through a screw, the first bevel gear set and the right end cover form a revolute pair, bevel gear structures are arranged at two ends of the first bevel gear set, the bevel gear structure at the left end of the first bevel gear set is meshed with the first planetary bevel gear and the second planetary bevel gear at the same time, the second bevel gear set and the left end cover form a revolute pair, bevel gear structures are arranged at two ends of the second bevel gear set, and the bevel gear structure at the right end of the second bevel gear set is meshed with the first planetary bevel gear and the.
Furthermore, a variable-diameter groove is formed in the cylindrical side surface of the first winding drum, a left thread end penetrating into the variable-diameter groove can be smooth excessively, the width of the variable-diameter groove can only accommodate a single steel wire to penetrate into the variable-diameter groove, a first wrench is installed at a position close to the bottom end of the variable-diameter groove, an eccentric wheel structure is arranged at the lower end of the first wrench, the first wrench is pulled anticlockwise after the left thread end penetrates into the variable-diameter groove and passes through a gap between the eccentric wheel and the variable-diameter groove, the eccentric wheel structure can tightly press the left thread end, a threaded hole is formed in the first winding drum, a first locking knob and the threaded hole form a thread pair, the first winding drum is installed on the left side of the double-thread-end rack, the first winding drum and the double-thread-end rack form a rotating pair, a bevel; the cylinder side of second reel is provided with a variable diameter recess in, can make the excessive rounding and smoothing of right end of a thread that penetrates wherein, variable diameter recess width can only hold single steel wire line and penetrate, install the second spanner in the position that is close to variable diameter recess bottom, the second spanner lower extreme is equipped with the eccentric wheel structure, after right end of a thread penetrates variable diameter recess and passes through the gap between eccentric wheel and the variable diameter recess, clockwise pull the second spanner, can make the eccentric wheel structure compress tightly right end of a thread, be equipped with a screw hole in the second reel, this screw hole of second locking knob constitutes the screw thread pair, the second reel is installed in two end of a thread frame right sides, both constitute the revolute pair, second reel lower extreme is equipped with the bevel gear structure, this bevel gear structure meshes with the bevel gear structure of first bevel gear group right-hand member.
Furthermore, the front end of the screw rod is provided with a disc structure capable of being manually rotated, the rear end of the screw rod is of a threaded structure, the threaded structure is matched with a threaded hole in the middle of the upper plate of the double-thread-head rack to form a threaded pair, the middle of the sliding groove piece is provided with a round hole, the left side and the right side of the sliding groove piece are provided with a long-strip hole, the screw rod is arranged in the round hole in the middle of the sliding groove piece, and the screw rod and the sliding groove piece.
Further, a left connecting rod one end and the left extension arm of the double-thread-head rack form a revolute pair, the other end and the rear end of the left long rod form a revolute pair, one end of a left two connecting rod and the left extension arm of the double-thread-head rack form a revolute pair, the other end and the middle position of the left long rod form a revolute pair, the front end of the left long rod is provided with a left two guide wheel and a left three guide wheel, the rear end of the left long rod is provided with a left guide wheel, the rear end of the left long rod is provided with a protruding shaft extending downwards, and the protruding shaft can slide in a.
Further, right connecting rod one end constitutes the revolute pair with the cantilever arm on double thread end frame right side, the other end constitutes the revolute pair with right stock rear end, two right connecting rod one end constitute the revolute pair with the cantilever arm on double thread end frame right side, the other end constitutes the revolute pair with right stock intermediate position, right stock front end is equipped with two right guide pulleys and three right guide pulleys, right stock rear end is equipped with a right guide pulley, and right stock rear end is equipped with a protrusion axle that stretches out downwards, this protrusion axle can slide in the rectangular trompil on chute spare right side.
Furthermore, the length of the left connecting rod and the right connecting rod is 40mm, the length of the left connecting rod and the right connecting rod is 35mm, the distance between the left end axle center of the left connecting rod and the left end axle center of the left connecting rod is 45mm, the distance between the right end axle center of the left connecting rod and the right end axle center of the left connecting rod is 50mm, the distance between the right end axle center of the right connecting rod and the right end axle center of the right connecting rod is 45mm, the distance between the left end axle center of the right connecting rod and the left end axle center of the right connecting rod is 50mm, and the equilateral quadrangle formed by the parts can enable the left three guide wheels and the right three guide wheels to have a larger distance adjusting;
in the process, the front ends of the left long rod and the right long rod are opened due to the action of a quadrangle with specific side length formed by the left extending arm, the left connecting rod, the left two connecting rods, the left long rod, the right extending arm of the double-thread-head rack, the right connecting rod, the right two connecting rods and the right long rod, and the front ends of the left long rod and the right long rod are opened, so that the left three guide wheels and the right three guide wheels can be adjusted to the distance required by the operation; after the screw is screwed into the threaded hole, the components return to the initial state.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the medical instrument for tightening the double-thread steel wire can tighten the steel wire led out by the double thread ends and the steel wire led out by the two single thread ends, so that the effect of one machine with multiple purposes is realized, the purchase cost of medical equipment is reduced, and the medical instrument accords with the direction of development of the medical equipment towards high integration;
secondly, in the traditional technology, the steel wire end is compressed mostly in a thread pair extrusion mode, the pressing force generated by the thread pair is limited due to the limitation of hand force of operators, and when the steel wire is tightened with large force, the steel wire end is easy to separate; when screwing the thread pair, the steel wire end can be pressed by rotating for a plurality of circles, so that the operation is troublesome and the consumed time is long; the thread pair is easy to wear to cause thread slipping after being used for many times, and the maintenance cost is increased; in the application of the invention, taking the first winding drum as an example, the first winding drum is provided with a groove which can only accommodate a single steel wire to penetrate into a variable diameter groove, and is combined with a first wrench with an eccentric wheel structure to realize the compaction of a steel wire end, and the eccentric wheel compaction has the property of tightening the steel wire end more and more, so that the steel wire end cannot be separated from the first winding drum even if the tightening force of the steel wire is increased after the eccentric wheel structure compacts the steel wire end; the first wrench is only needed to be wrenched left and right to press and loosen the wire end, so that the operation is quick and convenient;
in the equipment for tightening the steel wire in the traditional technology, the ratchet structure is mostly adopted to realize the one-way transmission of power, so that the conditions of less and more over-loosening and over-tightening are easy to occur in the process of tightening the steel wire, and the technical effect of slowly loosening the steel wire under the condition of over-tightening the steel wire is not easy to realize; the double-wire-head tightening mechanism and the single-wire-head tightening mechanism both adopt worm and gear structures in the power transmission process, have a self-locking function, prevent reverse power transmission, have a large transmission ratio, can perform stepless adjustment on tightening force, and can realize the tightening and loosening of steel wires through the positive and negative rotation of the worm.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the pose adjusting mechanism, the connecting mechanism and the double-thread-head tightening mechanism after being assembled.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the posture adjustment mechanism.
Fig. 4 is a schematic sectional structure view of the posture adjustment mechanism.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a partial sectional structure of the pose adjusting mechanism after the shift lever is pulled upward.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a partial sectional structure of the posture adjustment mechanism after the shift lever is pulled down.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the top end structure of the lifting screw rod.
Fig. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the second hand wheel.
Fig. 9 is a partial sectional view schematically showing a traverse bevel gear.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the change baffle.
Fig. 11 is a partially exploded schematic view of the posture adjustment mechanism.
Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of the connection mechanism.
Fig. 13 is an exploded view of the attachment mechanism.
Fig. 14 is a partial sectional view of the connection mechanism connected to the plugboard and the dual-wire rack.
Fig. 15 is a schematic partial sectional view of the connection mechanism connected to the plugboard and the dual-line-head rack.
Fig. 16 is a schematic structural view of a double-thread-head tightening mechanism.
Fig. 17 is a cross-sectional structural schematic view of the double thread end take-up mechanism.
Fig. 18 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the double wire head tightening mechanism.
Fig. 19 is an exploded view of the dual thread take-up mechanism.
Fig. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a two-wire-head rack.
Fig. 21 is a partial sectional view schematically showing the structure of the first reel.
Fig. 22 is a schematic view of the double-end wire take-up mechanism taking up the double-end wire.
Fig. 23 is a partial cross-sectional schematic view of a single-thread-head tightening mechanism.
FIG. 24 is a schematic view of a single thread take-up mechanism taking up a single thread of steel wire.
Reference numerals: 1 pose adjusting mechanism, 101 lifting inner arm, 101.1 connecting lug, 102 lifting outer arm, 103 first hand wheel, 104 shift lever, 105 second hand wheel, 106 transverse outer arm, 107 transverse inner arm, 108 pin shaft, 109 swinging frame, 110 plug board, 110.1 plug post, 111 fourth hand wheel, 112 third hand wheel, 113 lifting screw rod, 114 transverse screw rod, 115 second worm wheel, 116 fastening board, 117 sliding board, 118 first spring, 119 shift plate, 120 transverse bevel gear, 121 turntable bearing and 122 first worm wheel;
2, a connecting mechanism, a 201 main body frame, 201.1 jacks, a 202 bottom plate, a 203 clamping plate, 204 set screws, 205 buttons, 206 second springs, 207 third springs and 208 hooks;
3 double-thread-end tightening mechanism, 301 double-thread-end frame, 301.1 spile, 302 fifth hand wheel, 303 first wrench, 304 first reel, 305 first locking knob, 306 left guide wheel, 307 left connecting rod, 308 sliding groove component, 309 screw rod, 310 left connecting rod, 311 left long rod, 312 left guide wheel, 313 left three guide wheel, 314 right three guide wheel, 315 right two guide wheel, 316 right long rod, 317 right connecting rod, 318 right connecting rod, 319 right guide wheel, 320 second locking knob, 321 second reel, 322 second wrench, 323 first bevel gear set, 324 right end cap, 325 second worm gear, 326 first planetary bevel gear, 327 left end cap, 328 second bevel gear set, 329 second planetary bevel gear;
4 single-thread-end tightening mechanism, 401 single-thread-end rack, 402 sixth hand wheel, 403 third winding drum, 404 third wrench, 405 worm gear set;
5 single thread steel wire, 6 double thread steel wire, 6.1 left thread end and 6.2 right thread end.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples, which are illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the medical instrument applied to the patella repair surgery of the present embodiment includes a
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the
As shown in fig. 5, 6 and 7, the inner lifting arm 101 is a hollow square column structure, two sides of the lower end of the inner lifting arm are provided with connecting lugs 101.1, the inner lifting arm 101 can be tightly fixed to the side of the operating table through the connecting lugs 101.1 by screws to provide stable support for the
As shown in fig. 5, 6, 8, 9 and 10, the
As shown in FIG. 4, the inner
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, after the cross bar at the left end of the
As shown in fig. 4 and 11, the pin 108 is fastened to the left end of the swing frame 109 by a screw, the inner transverse arm 107 forms a rotation pair with the swing frame 109 by the pin 108, the second worm wheel 115 is coaxially mounted with the pin 108 and is fastened to the pin 108 by a key connection, the third hand wheel 112 is mounted at a position close to the right end of the inner transverse arm 107 and forms a rotation pair, the front end of the third hand wheel 112 is of a hand wheel structure and can be operated by hand and conveniently rotated, the rear end of the third hand wheel 112 is of a worm structure and is meshed with the second worm wheel 115 to form a worm-gear meshing relationship, the right end of the swing frame 109 and the rear end of the insertion plate 110 form a rotation pair, the left end of the insertion plate 110 is provided with a worm wheel structure, the fourth hand wheel 111 is mounted on the upper side of the right end of the swing frame 109 and forms a rotation pair, the front end of the fourth hand wheel 111 is of a hand wheel structure and can be operated by, and the worm structure meshes with the worm gear structure at the left end of the plugboard 110 to form a worm and gear meshing relationship, the right end of the plugboard 110 is provided with a flat plate structure, the upper side of the flat plate is provided with four pluging columns 110.1, the top end of each pluging column 110.1 is provided with an inclined plane, the middle position of each pluging column is provided with a hook, and the plugboard 110 is provided with a rectangular window close to the middle position.
As shown in fig. 12 and 13, the connecting mechanism 2 includes a main body frame 201, a bottom plate 202, a clamping plate 203, a set screw 204, a button 205, a second spring 206, a third spring 207, and a hook 208, wherein a rectangular groove is provided on the upper side of the front end of the main body frame 201, two rectangular insertion holes 201.1 are provided on the front end of the rectangular groove, a through hole is provided near the middle position of the rectangular groove, a hook cavity and a button hole in the vertical direction are provided inside the rear end of the main body frame 201, the hook 208 is installed in the hook cavity and can slide back and forth in the hook cavity, an inclined plane structure is provided on the front end of the hook 208, a rectangular opening is provided on the middle position, an inclined plane is provided on the rear side of the button 205, the button 205 passes through the rectangular opening in the middle of the hook 208 and is installed in the button hole of the main body frame 201, two threaded holes communicated with the hook cavity, two third springs 207 set up respectively between two holding screw 204 and couple 208, main part frame 201 downside is equipped with the cardboard cavity, cardboard 203 is installed in the cardboard cavity, and can be in the cardboard cavity back-and-forth movement, be equipped with four horseshoe trompils on the cardboard, cardboard 203 rear end is equipped with a pressure board, the intermediate position is equipped with the rectangle trompil, be provided with a second spring 206 between cardboard 203 front end position and the main part frame 201, be equipped with four round holes that are used for inserting peg post 110.1 on the bottom plate 202, bottom plate 202 installs in main part frame 201 downside, and realize fastening connection between them through the screw, round hole coaxial center position is equipped with the through-hole in the middle of the rectangular recess with main part frame 201 in the middle of bottom.
As shown in fig. 14 and 15, in an initial state, under the action of the elastic force of the
As shown in fig. 14 and 15, under the action of the elastic force of the
The
As shown in fig. 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, the double wire-head tightening mechanism 3 includes a double wire-head frame 301, a fifth hand wheel 302, a first wrench 303, a first reel 304, a first locking knob 305, a left guide wheel 306, a left connecting rod 307, a chute member 308, a screw 309, a left connecting rod 310, a left long rod 311, a left guide wheel 312, a left guide wheel 313, a right guide wheel 314, a right guide wheel 315, a right long rod 316, a right connecting rod 317, a right connecting rod 318, a right guide wheel 319, a second locking knob 320, a second reel 321, a second wrench 322, a first bevel gear set 323, a right end cover 324, a second worm wheel 325, a first planetary bevel gear 326, a left end cover 327, a second bevel gear set 328, a second planetary bevel gear 329, a left connecting rod 307, a left connecting rod 310, a left long rod 311, a double wire-head frame 301, a right connecting rod 318, a left bevel gear set, a right bevel gear set, a, The right two connecting rods 317 and the right long rod 316 are arranged at the right front end of the double-thread end rack 301 and form a trapezoid, the sliding groove member 308 and the screw 309 are arranged at the middle position of the front end of the double-thread end rack 301, for adjusting the opening position of the left long rod 311 and the right long rod 316, the first wrench 303, the first winding drum 304 and the first locking knob 305 are arranged at the left side of the double-thread-head rack 301, used for tightening the left wire end 6.1 or a first steel wire, a second locking knob 320, a second winding drum 321 and a second wrench 322 are arranged at the right side of the double-wire-end rack 301, the fifth hand wheel 302 is used for tightening the right thread head 6.2 or the second steel wire, and the fifth hand wheel drives the first winding drum 304 and the second winding drum 321 to rotate through a transmission structure consisting of a first bevel gear group 323, a right end cover 324, a second worm gear 325, a first planetary bevel gear 326, a left end cover 327, a second bevel gear group 328 and a second planetary bevel gear 329, so that tightening and loosening of the steel wire led out by the double thread head or the steel wire led out by the two single thread heads are realized.
The two sides of the front end of the double-line-head rack 301 are respectively provided with an extending arm, the rear end of the double-line-head rack 301 is of a double-layer structure formed by an upper plate and a lower plate, the middle position of the upper plate of the double-line-head rack 301 is provided with a threaded hole, the lower plate is of a rectangular structure with the same size as the rectangular groove on the upper side of the front end of the main body frame 201, the front end of the lower plate is provided with two plug plates 301.1, the rear ends of the upper plate and the lower plate are provided with coaxial and through round holes, the upper end of a fifth hand wheel 302 is of a hand wheel structure which can be operated by hands and is convenient to rotate, the middle part of the fifth hand wheel is of a worm structure, the lower end of the fifth hand wheel 302 is arranged in the round holes on the rear ends of the upper plate and the lower plate of the double-line-head rack 301, the second worm wheel 325 is arranged between the upper plate, the right end cover 324 is fastened and connected with the right end of the second worm gear 325 through a screw, the left end cover 327 is fastened and connected with the left end of the second worm gear 325 through a screw, the first bevel gear set 323 and the right end cover 324 form a rotating pair, both ends of the first bevel gear set 323 are provided with bevel gear structures, the bevel gear structure at the left end is simultaneously meshed with the first planetary bevel gear 326 and the second planetary bevel gear 329, the second bevel gear set 328 and the left end cover 327 form a rotating pair, both ends of the second bevel gear set 328 are provided with bevel gear structures, and the bevel gear structure at the right end is simultaneously meshed with the first planetary bevel gear 326 and the second planetary bevel gear 329.
As shown in fig. 21 and 22, a variable diameter groove is formed in a cylindrical side surface of the first winding drum 304, so that a left thread end 6.1 penetrating into the variable diameter groove is excessively smooth, the width of the variable diameter groove can only accommodate a single steel wire to penetrate into the variable diameter groove, a first wrench 303 is installed at a position close to the bottom end of the variable diameter groove, an eccentric wheel structure is arranged at the lower end of the first wrench 303, after the left thread end 6.1 penetrates into the variable diameter groove and passes through a gap between the eccentric wheel and the variable diameter groove, the first wrench 303 is pulled counterclockwise, so that the eccentric wheel structure can be pressed against the left thread end 6.1, a threaded hole is formed in the first winding drum 304, a first locking knob 305 and the threaded hole form a thread pair, the first winding drum 304 is installed at the left side of the double thread head frame 301, both form a rotation pair, a bevel gear structure is arranged at the lower end of the first winding drum; a variable diameter groove is arranged in the cylindrical side surface of the second winding drum 321, a right thread end 6.2 which penetrates into the variable diameter groove is excessively smooth, the width of the variable diameter groove can only accommodate a single steel wire to penetrate into the variable diameter groove, a second wrench 322 is arranged at a position close to the bottom end of the variable diameter groove, an eccentric wheel structure is arranged at the lower end of the second wrench 322, after the right thread end 6.2 penetrates into the variable diameter groove and passes through a gap between the eccentric wheel and the variable diameter groove, the second wrench 322 is pulled clockwise, the eccentric wheel structure can be tightly pressed against the right thread end 6.2, a threaded hole is arranged in the second winding drum 321, the threaded hole of the second locking knob 320 forms a thread pair, the second winding drum 321 is arranged on the right side of the double-thread-end frame 301, the second winding drum 321 and the double-thread-end frame constitute a rotating pair, a bevel gear structure.
As shown in fig. 16 and 18, the front end of the
As shown in fig. 16, one end of the
As shown in fig. 16, one end of the
As shown in fig. 16 and 22, the length of the
As shown in fig. 16 and 22, in an initial state, the
As shown in fig. 23 and 24, the single-thread-head tightening mechanism 4 includes a single-thread-
As shown in fig. 23 and 24, a variable diameter groove is formed in a cylindrical side surface of the third winding
The embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
1) as shown in fig. 1 and 4, a connecting lug 101.1 at the lower end of the lifting inner arm 101 is fixed on the side surface of the operating table through a screw, so as to provide stable support for the
As shown in fig. 5, after the cross bar at the left end of the
As shown in fig. 6, after the cross bar at the left end of the
As shown in fig. 4, when the
2) As shown in fig. 14 and 15, when the connecting mechanism 2 needs to be connected with the
As shown in fig. 14 and 15, when the double-wire-head tightening mechanism 3 needs to be connected with the connecting mechanism 2, first, the two insertion plates 301.1 at the front end of the lower plate of the double-wire-head rack 301 are correspondingly inserted into the two rectangular insertion holes 201.1 at the front end of the rectangular groove on the upper side of the main body rack 201, and then the rear end of the double-wire-head rack 301 is pressed downwards, so that the rear end of the lower plate of the double-wire-head rack 301 is pressed into the lower part of the inclined plane structure at the front end of the hook 208, and then the quick connection between the double-wire-head tightening mechanism 3 and; when the double-thread-end tightening mechanism 3 needs to be disconnected with the connecting mechanism 2, the button 205 is pressed downwards at first to enable the inclined plane structure at the front end of the hook 208 to retract into the hook cavity, then the rear end of the double-thread-end rack 301 is lifted upwards and the inserting plate 301.1 is pulled out of the inserting hole 201.1, and then the double-thread-end tightening mechanism 3 and the connecting mechanism 2 can be quickly disconnected; the manner and method of connecting and disconnecting the single thread take-up mechanism 4 to the connecting mechanism 2 is the same as the manner and method of connecting and disconnecting the double thread take-up mechanism 3 to the connecting mechanism 2.
3) As shown in fig. 16, 21, and 22, the double-thread tightening mechanism 3 can tighten the wire drawn from the double-thread wire and the wire drawn from the two single-thread wires.
Firstly, when the double-end steel wire 6 needs to be tightened, the screw 309 is screwed out from the threaded hole in the middle of the upper plate of the double-end machine frame 301, the screw 309 drives the sliding groove piece 308 to move forwards, meanwhile, the front ends of the left long rod 311 and the right long rod 316 are opened, and the screw 309 stops rotating after the left three guide wheels 313 and the right three guide wheels 314 reach a proper distance; then, the double-end steel wire 6 sequentially passes through the steel nails and is wound into a single ring shape, the left end 6.1 sequentially bypasses a left third guide wheel 313, a left second guide wheel 312 and a left first guide wheel 306, then penetrates into a variable-diameter groove arranged on the first reel 304 and passes through a gap between the eccentric wheel structure of the first wrench 303 and the variable-diameter groove, and then the first wrench 303 is pulled anticlockwise, so that the eccentric wheel structure of the first wrench 303 tightly presses the left end 6.1; the right thread end 6.2 sequentially bypasses the right three guide wheel 314, the right two guide wheel 315 and the right one guide wheel 319, penetrates into a diameter-variable groove arranged on the second winding drum 321, passes through a gap between the eccentric wheel structure of the second wrench 322 and the diameter-variable groove, and then is pulled clockwise by the second wrench 322, so that the eccentric wheel structure of the second wrench 322 compresses the right thread end 6.2;
the first locking knob 305 and the second locking knob 320 are rotated counterclockwise to move upwards without contacting with the upper plate of the dual-thread-head rack 301, then the fifth hand wheel 302 is rotated clockwise, the worm structure in the middle of the fifth hand wheel 302 transmits the torsion force to the second worm wheel 325, the second worm wheel 325 is rotated clockwise, the first planetary bevel gear 326 and the second planetary bevel gear 329 revolve around the axis of the second worm wheel 325 along with the second worm wheel 325, the left end bevel gear structure of the first bevel gear set 323 and the right end bevel gear structure of the second bevel gear set 328 engaged with the first planetary bevel gear 326 and the second planetary bevel gear 329 rotate clockwise, the bevel gear structure at the right end of the first bevel gear set 323 transmits the torsion force to the second winding drum 321 through the bevel gear structure at the lower end of the second winding drum 321, the second winding drum 321 rotates clockwise, the right thread head 6.2 is tightened, and the left end bevel gear structure of the second bevel gear set 328 transmits the torsion force to the first winding drum 321 through the bevel gear structure at the lower end of the first winding A winding drum 304, which makes the first winding drum 304 rotate anticlockwise and tightens the left thread end 6.1; the left thread end 6.1 and the right thread end 6.2 can be simultaneously loosened by rotating the fifth hand wheel 302 anticlockwise, and the tightening force of the double-thread steel wire 6 is adjusted by appropriately changing the rotating direction of the fifth hand wheel 302, so that the doctor can find the best effect of resetting the bone gap.
Because the worm gear and worm transmission is adopted between the
Secondly, when the steel wire led out by two single-end wires needs to be tightened, the screw 309 is screwed out from the threaded hole in the middle of the upper plate of the double-end rack 301, the screw 309 drives the sliding groove piece 308 to move forwards, meanwhile, the front ends of the left long rod 311 and the right long rod 316 are opened, and the screw 309 stops rotating after the left three guide wheels 313 and the right three guide wheels 314 reach a proper distance; then, the first steel wire led out of the first steel wire passes through a variable-diameter groove arranged on the first winding drum 304 and passes through a gap between an eccentric wheel structure of the first wrench 303 and the variable-diameter groove by sequentially passing the first steel wire around a left third guide wheel 313, a left second guide wheel 312 and the left first guide wheel 306, and then the first wrench 303 is pulled anticlockwise to enable the eccentric wheel structure of the first wrench 303 to tightly press the first steel wire; the second wire drawn out of the third guide wheel sequentially bypasses the third right guide wheel 314, the second right guide wheel 315 and the first right guide wheel 319, penetrates into a diameter-variable groove arranged on the second winding drum 321, and is pulled clockwise by the second wrench 322 after passing through a gap between the eccentric wheel structure of the second wrench 322 and the diameter-variable groove, so that the eccentric wheel structure of the second wrench 322 compresses the second wire.
If the first steel wire is to be individually tightened, the first locking knob 305 is first rotated counterclockwise to move upward without contacting the upper plate of the twin-wire frame 301, the second locking knob 320 is then rotated clockwise to move downward and push against the upper plate of the twin-wire frame 301, and the rotation of the second reel 321 is locked, the rotation of the first bevel gear set 323 is also locked, and then the fifth hand wheel 302 is rotated clockwise to rotate the second worm gear 325 clockwise, since the first bevel gear set 323 cannot rotate and the bevel gear structure at the left end cannot rotate, the first and second planetary bevel gears 326 and 329 revolve around their axes along with the second worm gear 325, and also rotate around their axes, and the bevel gear structure at the right end of the gear set 328 engaged with the first and second planetary bevel gears 326 and 329 rotates clockwise, after the meshing transmission of the bevel gear structure at the left end of the second bevel gear set 328 and the bevel gear structure at the lower end of the first reel 304, the first reel 304 rotates anticlockwise, and the first steel wire is tightened; turning the fifth handwheel 302 counterclockwise allows for independent loosening of the first wire.
If the second steel wire needs to be separately tightened, the second locking knob 320 is firstly rotated counterclockwise to move upward without contacting with the upper plate of the double-end frame 301, then the first locking knob 305 is rotated clockwise to move downward and push against the upper plate of the double-end frame 301, and the rotation of the first winding drum 304 is locked, the rotation of the second bevel gear set 328 is also locked, then the fifth hand wheel 302 is rotated clockwise to rotate the second worm gear 325 clockwise, because the second bevel gear set 328 cannot rotate and the bevel gear structure at the right end cannot rotate, the first and second planetary bevel gears 326 and 329 revolve around the axes thereof along with the second worm gear 325, and simultaneously rotate around the axes thereof, and the bevel gear structure at the left end of the first bevel gear set 323 meshed with the first and second planetary bevel gears 326 and 329 rotates clockwise, after the meshing transmission of the bevel gear structure at the right end of the first bevel gear group 323 and the bevel gear structure at the lower end of the second winding drum 321 is carried out, the second winding drum 321 rotates clockwise, and the second steel wire is tightened; turning the fifth handwheel 302 counterclockwise effects a separate release of the second wire.
4) As shown in fig. 23 and 24, when the single-
5) When the steel wire is required to be tightened in the operation, firstly, the double-wire-head tightening mechanism 3 or the single-wire-head tightening mechanism 4 is selected according to the number and the type of the led-out steel wire, and is installed on the connecting mechanism 2, and then the connecting mechanism 2 is installed on the
The references to "front", "back", "left", "right", etc., are to be construed as references to orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings or as orientations and positional relationships conventionally found in use of the product of the present invention, and are intended to facilitate the description of the invention and to simplify the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and is therefore not to be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
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