阅读说明：本技术 一种提高重组装饰材染色效率及耐光色牢度的方法 (Method for improving dyeing efficiency and light fastness of recombined decorative material ) 是由 沈来斌 盛娜 桂成胜 庞小仁 宋满华 傅峰 李善明 彭立民 顾水祥 赵建忠 于 2020-06-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种提高重组装饰材染色效率及耐光色牢度的方法,属于重组装饰材染色技术领域,其方法具体包括以下步骤：调节木材含水率为40~60%,将木材进行微波膨化处理,得到预处理材—膨化木；取经过预处理木材进行分级并通过旋切或者刨切成单板；将单板漂白或者直接使用,在制备的水性高耐光色牢度染液中进行染色并用烘干机或者太阳能进行干燥,控制含水率在10~20%之间；将染色单板通过修补、仿生组胚、涂胶、胶合、养生等工序加工成重组装饰材。该方法不仅提高了染色效率,而且提高了耐光色牢度等级。(The invention relates to a method for improving dyeing efficiency and light fastness of a recombined decorative material, belonging to the technical field of recombined decorative material dyeing, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: adjusting the water content of the wood to be 40-60%, and performing microwave puffing treatment on the wood to obtain a pretreated wood, namely puffed wood; taking the pretreated wood for classification and cutting the wood into veneers by rotary cutting or slicing; bleaching a single plate or directly using the single plate, dyeing the single plate in the prepared aqueous dye liquor with high light fastness and drying the single plate by using a dryer or solar energy, wherein the water content is controlled to be 10-20%; the dyed veneer is processed into the recombined decorative material through the procedures of repairing, bionic blank assembling, gluing, health preserving and the like. The method not only improves dyeing efficiency, but also improves light fastness grade.)

1. A method for improving dyeing efficiency and light fastness of a recombined decorative material is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, adjusting the water content of the wood to 40-60%, and performing microwave puffing treatment on the wood to obtain a pretreated wood-puffed wood;

s2, taking the pretreated wood obtained in the step S1, grading the wood, and cutting the wood into veneers by rotary cutting or slicing;

s3, bleaching the veneer in the step S2 or directly using the veneer, dyeing the veneer in an aqueous dye liquor with high light fastness and drying the veneer, wherein the water content is controlled to be 10-20%;

and S4, processing the dyed veneer in the step S3 into a recombined decorative material through the procedures of repairing, bionic blank assembling, gluing and curing.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wood in step S1 is basswood, poplar, amus, red oak, nice, horse oil wood.

3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method of puffing wood in step S1 is: and (3) placing the wood with the water content of 40-60% in a microwave field with energy of 20-200 kW, and passing through a microwave tunnel at the speed of 0.5-2 m/min to obtain the pretreated wood-expanded wood.

4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the aqueous dye liquor with high light fastness in step S3 is prepared from metal complex dye liquor, polysorbate and Na₂SO₄NaCl, a surfactant sodium dodecyl diphenyl ether sulfonate CR-MADS, the weight portions of which are 100-: 10-15: 15-25: 20-35: 10-20.

5. The process of claim 4, wherein the aqueous high light fastness dye liquor is prepared by the following steps: adding dye liquor SW-4 and polysorbate in water bath at 20-95 ℃ in sequence according to parts by weight, and fully addingStirring for 5-10 min, adding Na₂SO₄、NaCl、CR-MADS。

6. The method of claim 1 wherein the metal complex dye liquor is selected from dye liquor SW-4 available from iridescence chemical limited of eastern guan.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the drying of step S3 is performed by using a dryer or solar drying.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of recombined decorative material dyeing, in particular to a method for improving dyeing efficiency and light fastness of recombined decorative materials.

Background

The recombined decorative material is a new type wood decorative material with natural precious tree species wood characteristics or other artistic patterns, which is made up by using rotary-cut (or slicing) veneer of artificial forest or fast-growing tree species wood as raw material and adopting the techniques of veneer bleaching and dyeing, laminated gluing and compression moulding.

At present, common dyes (500-600 molecular weight cubic crystal acid disazo type dyes) are mostly adopted for technical wood dyeing, and the dyes have the advantages of good water solubility and uniform dyeing. However, the dyeing efficiency of the acid disazo dye is low, the dye uptake is generally 20-30%, and a large amount of dye remains in the dye liquor, so that the dyeing wastewater has high chroma and large treatment difficulty. The dyed recombined decorative material can change color locally under the irradiation of sunlight, and the beauty and the usability are seriously influenced. The degree of color change is usually evaluated by using a light-resistant color fastness grade, and the light-resistant color fastness grade of the current recombined decorative material is generally lower and is 1.0-3.0 grade.

The problems restrict the recombined decorative material to play a wider role as a wood decorative material, so that the improvement of dyeing efficiency and light fastness level is the current research focus.

For example, patent CN201711291995.1 discloses a ternary complex dye and a method for preparing a high-color-fastness veneer layer by using the same. The light fastness is improved by adding a light stabilizer to absorb ultraviolet rays in sunlight and protecting the acid disazo type dye. However, the light stabilizer has a life span, and the recombined decorative material still changes color after the recombined decorative material loses efficacy.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the dyeing efficiency is low, so that the dyeing wastewater has high chroma and large treatment difficulty; the recombined decorative material after dyeing has low light fastness, thereby providing a method for improving the dyeing efficiency and the light fastness of the recombined decorative material.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a method for improving dyeing efficiency and light fastness of a recombined decorative material is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, adjusting the water content of the wood to 40-60%, and performing microwave puffing treatment on the wood to obtain a pretreated wood-puffed wood;

s2, taking the pretreated wood obtained in the step S1, grading the wood, and cutting the wood into veneers by rotary cutting or slicing;

s3, bleaching the veneer in the step S2 or directly using the veneer, dyeing the veneer in the prepared aqueous dye liquor with high light fastness and drying the veneer, wherein the water content is controlled to be 10-20%; preferably, drying with a dryer or solar energy;

and S4, processing the dyed veneer in the step S3 into a recombined decorative material through the procedures of repairing, bionic blank assembling, gluing and curing.

In the above method, preferably, the wood in step S1 is one or two of basswood, poplar, amus, red oak, nice and horse oil wood.

The method for puffing wood and the puffed wood prepared according to patent CN 201810244281.3. The method for processing the bulked wood in the step S1 comprises the following steps: placing the wood with the water content of 40-60% in a microwave field with energy of 20-200 kW, passing through a microwave tunnel at the speed of 0.5-2 m/min, rapidly gasifying the water in the wood under the action of microwave energy, rapidly expanding the volume, and breaking the weak tissues in the wood, thereby forming the pretreated wood with a new fluid channel, namely the expanded wood. On the basis of normal channel dyeing, the number of dyeing channels is increased, so that the dye liquor can rapidly enter.

In the above method, preferably, in the step S2, the bulked wood is classified according to one of a volume expansion rate, a fracture area ratio, and a quantity of fractures, and the bulked wood with a suitable grade is selected according to dyeing requirements to obtain the veneer.

In the above method, preferably, the aqueous dye liquor with high light fastness in step S3 is prepared from metal complex dye liquor SW-4, polysorbate and Na₂SO₄NaCl, a surfactant sodium dodecyl diphenyl ether sulfonate CR-MADS, the weight portions of which are 100-: 10-15: 15-25: 20-35: 10-20.

The method is preferably a method for preparing the water-based dye liquor with high light fastness: sequentially adding the dye SW-4 and the polysorbate according to parts by weight in a water bath at the temperature of 20-95 ℃, fully stirring for 5-10 minutes, and then adding Na₂SO₄NaCl and a surfactant CR-MADS are fully stirred for 5 to 10 minutes to obtain the water-based dye solution with high light fastness.

The invention adopts a metal complex dye liquor with the model of SW-4, and the dye liquor is purchased from rainbow chemical industry Co., Ltd, Dongguan city. Compared with dye solutions prepared from common dyes, the water-based dye solution with high light fastness has the characteristic of high light fastness, and due to poor permeability, the problem of permeability is solved under the combined action of a microwave puffing treatment technology and a polysorbate penetration aid, so that the dyeing efficiency is remarkably improved. The surface active agent CR-MADS can reduce the surface tension of the aqueous dye liquor, so that the dye liquor can achieve higher penetration effect. NaCl is used as a leveling agent to ensure that the aqueous dye solution with high light fastness can be uniformly appliedAnd (5) dyeing the veneer. Because of the water-soluble dye liquor with water-based groups, the recombined decorative material has poor fastness when wetted after being dyed, and Na₂SO₄The dye is used as a color fixing agent to react and crosslink with water-based groups, so that the effect of fixing dye molecules on the recombined decorative material is achieved.

By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the advantages that:

firstly, preprocessing wood by adopting a microwave puffing technology to obtain a preprocessed wood-puffed wood with a better dyeing channel;

secondly, the swelling wood is used as a raw material, a dyeing channel is increased, the dye permeability is better, the dye uptake is improved by about 10 percent, and the dyeing time is reduced by 2 hours;

thirdly, the water-based high-color-fastness dye liquor is used for replacing common dyes, so that the light-fastness grade of the recombined decorative material is improved to 4.5, and other indexes meet the standard requirements of GB/T28998 plus 2012 'recombined decorative material'.

Detailed Description

The parts of the invention are parts by weight, and the invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following examples, which are not intended to limit the invention:

comparative example 1

1) Preparing a dyed veneer:

cutting the Alus wood into 270X 215X 0.75mm veneers by rotary cutting, and selecting 60 veneers for later use.

2) Preparing a dye solution:

weighing common dyes: 3 parts of yellow dye, 2 parts of red dye and 5 parts of blue dye. The dye is uniformly dissolved in a dye vat with the water amount of 20L and the temperature of 95 ℃, then a sample is taken, and an ultraviolet spectrophotometer is adopted to detect the concentration A0 of the dye solution.

3) A dyeing procedure:

the spare veneer in the step 1) is placed in a cage and then immersed into the dye liquor prepared in the step 2), the temperature of the dye liquor is kept at 95 +/-1 ℃, the veneer is taken out for standby after dyeing is carried out for 6 hours, the dye liquor is supplemented to 20L, then the concentration of the dye liquor A1 is sampled and detected, and the dye uptake rate is (A0-A1)/A0 is 100%.

4) Preparing and detecting the recombined decorative material:

processing the dyed veneer prepared in the step 3) into a recombined decorative material through the working procedures of repairing, bionic blank assembling, gluing, curing and the like. The light fastness of the heavy-duty decorative material is detected, the grade of the light fastness is 3.0, and other indexes meet the standard requirements of GB/T28998-.

Comparative example 2

The remaining production process remains unchanged, differing from comparative example 1 in that:

step 1) adding a working procedure before, and 0) wood pretreatment:

the Aloes wood is processed by microwave bulking in a microwave tunnel at the speed of 2m/min in a microwave field with the energy of 100kW to obtain bulked wood, and the volume expansion rate is measured.

Step 3) dyeing process:

the dyeing time was adjusted to 5 hours.

Comparative example 3

The remaining production process remains unchanged, differing from comparative example 1 in that:

step 2) dye liquor preparation:

the aqueous dye liquor with high light fastness replaces the common dye. The aqueous dye liquor with high light fastness is prepared from dye liquor SW-4, polysorbate and Na₂SO₄NaCl and a surfactant CR-MADS, wherein the weight parts are as follows: 12: 17: 23: 16. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding the dye solution SW-4 and the polysorbate in sequence according to the weight part in 1L water bath at the temperature of 20 ℃, fully stirring for 5 minutes, and then adding Na₂SO₄NaCl, and a surfactant CR-MADS, and fully stirring for 5 minutes. The dye liquor is added into a dye vat, and water is added to 20L. Sampling, and detecting the concentration A0 of the dye liquor by using an ultraviolet spectrophotometer.