阅读说明：本技术 一种生物智能可降解的控湿材料及其制作方法 (Biological intelligent degradable humidity control material and manufacturing method thereof ) 是由 谷少克 吴龙涛 宋宝祥 王亚飞 陈凯 于 2020-06-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种生物智能可降解的控湿材料及其制作方法,由如下重量百分比的原料制成：5～30％的丙烯酸壳聚糖接枝物,0.1～30％的纤维素,1～35％的无机盐,余量为水。本发明通过以壳聚糖接枝丙烯酸官能团形成的可降解丙烯酸壳聚糖接枝物复合多孔水凝胶为载体,然后与纤维素及无机盐类共混制成调湿性能优异、且生物智能可降解可循环利用的控湿材料。本发明的主要原料来源于海洋生物,来源广泛,价格低廉,可自然降解且循环利用率高,由此制得的控湿材料无毒无害,稳定性好,是一种环境友好型控湿材料,可规模化生产；且本发明合成温度低,大大节约了复杂设备及高温带来的生产制备成本。(The invention discloses a biodegradable moisture control material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the material is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 5-30% of chitosan acrylate graft, 0.1-30% of cellulose, 1-35% of inorganic salt and the balance of water. The invention takes degradable acrylic acid chitosan graft compound porous hydrogel formed by grafting acrylic acid functional group with chitosan as a carrier, and then the porous hydrogel is blended with cellulose and inorganic salts to prepare the moisture control material which has excellent humidity control performance, is biologically intelligent, degradable and can be recycled. The main raw materials of the invention are derived from marine organisms, have wide sources and low price, can be naturally degraded and have high recycling rate, and the prepared humidity control material is non-toxic and harmless, has good stability, is an environment-friendly humidity control material and can be produced in large scale; the invention has low synthesis temperature, and greatly saves complex equipment and production and preparation cost caused by high temperature.)

1. A biodegradable moisture control material is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 5-30% of chitosan acrylate graft, 0.1-30% of cellulose, 1-35% of inorganic salt and the balance of water.

2. The biodegradable moisture controlling material according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the chitosan acrylate graft comprises the following steps:

s1, under the protection of inert gas, dissolving chitosan in acetic acid, then adding a sodium dodecyl sulfate solution into the solution, and uniformly mixing for later use;

s2, adding an acrylic acid monomer and a cross-linking agent N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide solution into the reaction solution obtained in the step S1 under the stirring condition, uniformly mixing, slowly dropwise adding an initiator to initiate the graft polymerization reaction of acrylic acid and chitosan, and continuously reacting;

s3, adjusting the pH of the solution of the product obtained in the step S2 to be neutral by using sodium hydroxide to prepare the chitosan acrylate graft composite porous hydrogel.

3. The biodegradable moisture control material according to claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of the acrylic monomer to the chitosan is (1-10): (0.1 to 1.5).

4. The biodegradable moisture control material according to claim 2, wherein the concentration of the sodium dodecyl sulfate solution is 1-3 mmol/L.

5. The biodegradable moisture control material of claim 2, wherein the amount of the initiator is 4-10% of the total amount of the acrylic monomer and the chitosan.

6. The biodegradable moisture management material according to claim 2, wherein the initiator is one or more of potassium persulfate, lauroyl peroxide, and benzoyl peroxide.

7. The biodegradable moisture control material according to claim 2, wherein in step S2, the reaction temperature is 40-60 ℃ and the reaction time is 4-6 h.

8. The biodegradable moisture management material according to claim 1, wherein said cellulose is selected from the group consisting of, but not limited to, carboxymethyl cellulose, carboxyethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, methyl cellulose ether, and hydroxypropyl cellulose ether.

9. The biodegradable moisture management material according to claim 1, wherein said inorganic salts include but are not limited to lithium, potassium, sodium, calcium.

10. The method for manufacturing the biodegradable moisture control material according to claim 1, comprising the following steps:

1) weighing acrylic chitosan graft, cellulose and inorganic salt in sequence according to the weight percentage for later use;

2) and uniformly mixing the raw materials, adding the water in the weight percentage into the mixture, uniformly stirring, tabletting, and drying to obtain the biodegradable moisture control material.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to a biodegradable moisture control material and a manufacturing method thereof.

Background

The relative humidity of air is an important parameter for measuring the indoor environment, and the proper humidity plays an important role in human health and industrial and agricultural production. The humidity control material is a functional material which can automatically regulate the relative humidity of air by sensing the humidity change of the air in a regulated space by means of the self humidity absorption and release characteristics without any artificial energy and mechanical equipment. When the space humidity is higher, the humidity control material can adsorb water vapor in the environment, so that the space humidity is reduced; when the humidity of the space is low, the material releases water vapor adsorbed by the material, and the relative humidity of the space is increased, so that the humidity of the environment space is kept relatively constant. The humidity is adjusted by utilizing the moisture absorption and release characteristics of the humidity adjusting material, and although the humidity adjusting material is a passive control measure, the humidity adjusting material does not need any mechanical equipment or energy consumption, so the humidity adjusting material is an ecological control and adjustment method.

The traditional humidity control materials mainly comprise natural humidity control materials, organic polymer humidity control materials, inorganic mineral humidity control materials and the like. The humidity control material has humidity control function for indoor air basically because the humidity control rate change of the humidity control material is far less than 1% (mass ratio) no matter under low humidity or high humidity. Meanwhile, the raw materials and the production process of the product need to use a large amount of non-renewable resources and energy sources, the preparation is complex, the cost is high, the moisture absorption and desorption reversibility is poor, and the large-scale popularization of the moisture control material is limited. In addition, some products can release toxic and harmful gases such as formaldehyde and the like for a long time in the using process, and the products cannot be recycled after being used and are difficult to naturally degrade, so that serious secondary pollution is caused to the living environment (soil and underground water) of human beings after being abandoned. Inorganic mineral humidity control materials mostly mainly comprise silica gel products, and the humidity control materials have unstable moisture absorption and desorption performance and poor temperature control effect. The natural humidity-controlling material takes wood pulp fiber as a carrier, and although wood pulp can be degraded, the pulping process can destroy the ecological environment and seriously pollute the water body.

Therefore, the demand for providing a biodegradable moisture control material with simple preparation process and low cost has important practical significance.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a biodegradable moisture control material and a manufacturing method thereof.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

a biodegradable moisture control material of biological intelligence is prepared from the following raw materials by weight percent: 5-30% of chitosan acrylate graft, 0.1-30% of cellulose, 1-35% of inorganic salt and the balance of water.

As a further limitation of the above scheme, the preparation method of the chitosan acrylate graft comprises the following steps:

s1, under the protection of inert gas, dissolving chitosan in acetic acid, then adding a sodium dodecyl sulfate solution into the solution, and uniformly mixing for later use;

s2, adding an acrylic acid monomer and a cross-linking agent N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide solution into the reaction solution obtained in the step S1 under the stirring condition, uniformly mixing, slowly dropwise adding an initiator to initiate the graft polymerization reaction of acrylic acid and chitosan, and continuously reacting;

s3, adjusting the pH of the solution of the product obtained in the step S2 to be neutral by using sodium hydroxide to prepare the chitosan acrylate graft composite porous hydrogel.

As a further limitation of the scheme, the mass ratio of the acrylic monomer to the chitosan is (1-10): (0.1 to 1.5).

As a further limitation of the above scheme, the concentration of the sodium dodecyl sulfate solution is 1-3 mmol/L.

As a further limitation of the above scheme, the mass ratio of the chitosan to the N, N '-methylenebisacrylamide in the crosslinking agent N, N' -methylenebisacrylamide is 1: (0.0002 to 0.002).

As a further limitation of the scheme, the amount of the initiator accounts for 4-10% of the total amount of the acrylic monomer and the chitosan.

As a further limitation of the above scheme, the initiator is one or more of potassium persulfate, lauroyl peroxide and benzoyl peroxide.

As a further limitation of the above scheme, in step S2, the reaction temperature is 40-60 ℃ and the reaction time is 4-6 h.

As a further limitation of the above, the cellulose includes, but is not limited to, carboxymethyl cellulose, carboxyethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, or methyl cellulose ether or hydroxypropyl cellulose ether.

As a further limitation of the above scheme, the inorganic salt includes, but is not limited to, inorganic salts of lithium, potassium, sodium, and calcium.

Preferably, the inorganic salt of any one of the metallic elements includes one or more of a hydrochloride, a nitrate and a sulfate.

The invention also provides a manufacturing method of the biodegradable moisture control material, which comprises the following steps:

1) weighing acrylic chitosan graft, cellulose and inorganic salt in sequence according to the weight percentage for later use;

2) and uniformly mixing the raw materials, adding the water in the weight percentage into the mixture, uniformly stirring, tabletting, and drying to obtain the biodegradable moisture control material.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the invention firstly uses the degradable acrylic acid chitosan graft compound porous hydrogel formed by grafting acrylic acid functional group with chitosan as a carrier, and then the degradable acrylic acid chitosan graft compound porous hydrogel is blended with cellulose and inorganic salts to prepare the moisture control material which has excellent humidity control performance and can be degraded and recycled in a biological intelligence way. The main raw materials of the invention are derived from marine organisms, and the invention has the advantages of wide raw material source, low price, natural degradation and high cyclic utilization rate, and the prepared humidity control material is non-toxic and harmless, has good stability, is an environment-friendly humidity control material, and can be produced in large scale; and the synthesis temperature is low, so that the production and preparation costs caused by complex equipment and high temperature are greatly saved.

(2) The invention takes marine organisms as raw materials to synthesize the intelligent humidity control material, has simple process, low energy consumption and good product stability, can control the effective aperture range according to the application requirement, and effectively expands the application field.

(3) According to the invention, marine organisms are used as raw materials to prepare the high-performance humidity control material, so that waste is turned into wealth, and the prepared humidity control material is used for indoor humidity control and can regulate the indoor air humidity to be kept at 20-90%.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the preparation of chitosan acrylate grafts in accordance with the present invention.

FIG. 2 (A) is a representation of a scanning electron microscope of chitosan acrylate grafts in the absence of SDS; FIG. 2 (B) is a scanning electron microscope characterization chart of chitosan acrylate graft in 1.5mmol/L SDS water solution.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention; reagents, methods and apparatus used in the present invention are conventional in the art unless otherwise indicated.

The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and with reference to the attached drawings.