阅读说明：本技术 一种固井水泥环密封完整性实时监测的实验装置 (Experimental device for well cementation cement sheath sealing integrity real-time supervision ) 是由 李晓蓉 冯永存 张毅 王丰岳 古臣旺 段梦兰 于 2020-07-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种固井水泥环密封完整性实时监测的实验装置,包括固定装置、井身装置和水泥浆注入系统,内套管底端和外筒体底端均固定于底座内,且外筒体的内壁和内套管的外壁之间的空腔形成水泥环腔体,光纤传感电缆设置于内套管的外壁上；水泥浆存储装置与水泥环腔体之间通过水泥浆注入管连通,水泥浆注入管上设置有注水泥浆泵。本发明公开的固井水泥环密封完整性实时监测的实验装置,实现了对固井水泥环的密封完整性全井段、实时连续地监测,测量值精确、可靠,对于不同的水泥环密封完整性监测实验,只需要更换具有不同功能的模拟地层管道的外筒体及相应的注入系统,大大降低实验成本。(The invention discloses an experimental device for monitoring the sealing integrity of a well cementation cement sheath in real time, which comprises a fixing device, a well device and a cement slurry injection system, wherein the bottom end of an inner sleeve and the bottom end of an outer cylinder are both fixed in a base, a cavity between the inner wall of the outer cylinder and the outer wall of the inner sleeve forms a cement sheath cavity, and an optical fiber sensing cable is arranged on the outer wall of the inner sleeve; the cement paste storage device is communicated with the cement sheath cavity through a cement paste injection pipe, and a cement paste injection pump is arranged on the cement paste injection pipe. The experimental device for monitoring the sealing integrity of the well cementation cement sheath in real time disclosed by the invention realizes the full-well section and real-time continuous monitoring of the sealing integrity of the well cementation cement sheath, has accurate and reliable measured values, and only needs to replace outer cylinders of simulated formation pipelines with different functions and corresponding injection systems for different cement sheath sealing integrity monitoring experiments, thereby greatly reducing the experiment cost.)

1. An experimental device for monitoring the sealing integrity of a well cementation cement sheath in real time is characterized by comprising a fixing device (1), a well body device (2) and a cement slurry injection system (3),

the fixing device (1) comprises a substrate (11), a base (12) is arranged on the substrate (11), the well device (2) comprises an outer cylinder body (21), an inner sleeve (22) and an optical fiber sensing cable (23),

the bottom end of the inner sleeve (22) and the bottom end of the outer cylinder (21) are both fixed in the base (12), a cavity between the inner wall of the outer cylinder (21) and the outer wall of the inner sleeve (22) forms a cement sheath cavity (24), and the optical fiber sensing cable (23) is arranged on the outer wall of the inner sleeve (22);

grout injection system (3) include grout storage device (31), water injection mud pump (33) and grout injection pipe (32), grout storage device (31) set up on base plate (11), grout storage device (31) with pass through between cement ring cavity (24) grout injection pipe (32) intercommunication, be provided with grout pump (33) on grout injection pipe (32).

2. The assay device of claim 1,

the fixing device (1) also comprises a plurality of fixing bolts (13), a fixing ring (14) and a bottom positioning ring (15),

the base plate (11) is a rectangular plate, the base (12) is in the shape of a hollow cylinder, a circular groove is arranged in the middle of the base (12), a plurality of bolt holes are circumferentially arranged around the base (12) at intervals,

a plurality of fixing bolt (13) pass respectively base (12) are fixed base (12) on the tip of base plate (11) in a plurality of bolt holes of base (12), gu install in the circular recess of base (12) fixed ring (14), bottom holding ring (15) card is established gu in fixed ring (14).

3. The assay device of claim 2,

it is protruding to be provided with the round annular on bottom holding ring (15), the outer wall card of interior sleeve pipe (22) bottom is located in the bellied inner circle of annular of bottom holding ring (15), the outer wall card of outer barrel (21) bottom is located in the inner circle of solid fixed ring (14), just the inner wall of outer barrel (21) with cavity between the outer wall of interior sleeve pipe (22) forms cement ring cavity (24).

4. The assay device of claim 1,

and a cement paste stirrer (310) is arranged on the cement paste storage device (31).

5. The assay device of claim 1,

the cement slurry injection system (3) further comprises a first one-way valve (35), a first flow meter (36), a first temperature sensor (37) and a first pressure gauge (38),

the one-way valve (35), the first temperature sensor (37), the first flow meter (36) and the first pressure meter (38) are sequentially arranged on the cement paste injection pipe (32).

6. The assay device of claim 1,

the optical fiber sensing cable (23) comprises an optical fiber cable, an oil-gas sensitive polymer and an aramid fiber wire,

the oil-gas sensitive polymer is coated on the outer wall of the inner sleeve (22), the optical fiber cable is tightly attached to the outer wall of the inner sleeve (22) along the longitudinal direction of the inner sleeve (22), and the aramid fiber wire is wound on the outer wall of the inner sleeve (22) in a spiral mode to bind the optical fiber cable on the outer wall of the inner sleeve (22).

7. The experimental apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a staining liquid injection system (4),

the dyeing liquid injection system (4) comprises a dyeing liquid storage device (41), a dyeing liquid injection pipe (42) and a dyeing liquid injection pump (43),

the dyeing liquid storage device (41) is arranged on the substrate (11), the dyeing liquid storage device (41) is communicated with the cement sheath cavity (24) through the dyeing liquid injection pipe (42), and the dyeing liquid injection pipe (42) is provided with a dyeing liquid injection pump (43).

8. The assay device of claim 7,

the dyeing liquid injection system (4) further comprises a second one-way valve (45), a second temperature sensor (47), a second flow meter (46) and a second pressure gauge (48),

the second check valve (45), the second temperature sensor (47), the second flow meter (46) and the second pressure gauge (48) are sequentially arranged on the dyeing liquid injection pipe (42).

9. The experimental apparatus of claim 1, further comprising an oil and gas storage device (50) and at least one set of oil and gas injection systems (5),

the cement sheath cavity (24) is filled with cement slurry to form a cement sheath (25), and at least one oil-gas channel is arranged in the cement sheath (25);

each group of oil gas injection system (5) comprises an oil gas injection pipe (51) and an oil gas discharge pipe (52),

the oil-gas inlet end of the oil-gas injection pipe (51) is communicated with the oil-gas outlet of the oil-gas storage device (50), the oil-gas outlet end of the oil-gas injection pipe (51) and the oil-gas inlet end of the oil-gas discharge pipe (52) are respectively communicated with two ends of the oil-gas channel of the cement sheath (25), the oil-gas return end of the oil-gas discharge pipe (52) is communicated with the oil-gas return opening of the oil-gas storage device (50), and therefore each group of oil-gas injection systems (5) form a circulation loop;

each oil gas injection pipe (51) is provided with an oil injection air pump (53).

10. The assay device of claim 9,

each oil gas injection pipe (51) is provided with a set of control device, each control device comprises a third pressure gauge (58), a third flow meter (56), a third temperature sensor (57) and a third one-way valve (55), and the third pressure gauge (58), the third flow meter (56), the third temperature sensor (57) and the third one-way valve (55) are sequentially arranged on the oil gas injection pipe (51).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum drilling engineering, in particular to an experimental device for monitoring the sealing integrity of a well cementation cement sheath in real time.

Background

The integrity of the sealing effect of the well cementation cement sheath is an important problem of running through the whole life cycle of an oil-gas well, concerning the safe and efficient development of oil and gas and protecting the environment. The sealing failure of the cement sheath causes the cross flow, and the oil gas in a production layer or a non-production layer can cause the annular pressure, thereby further causing accidents such as well kick, blowout and the like. The real-time monitoring of the sealing integrity of the cement sheath in the whole life cycle can give out early warning to the underground fluid leakage risk caused by the sealing failure of the cement sheath, and is a key link for ensuring the safe and efficient development of oil and gas resources.

The existing detection technology for the performance integrity of a well cementation cement sheath is mainly based on the acoustic amplitude logging principle such as cement bond logging, acoustic amplitude/variable density logging or sector cement bond logging. The basic principle of the detection technologies is to judge the cementing quality and the performance of the cement sheath by using the propagation rule of sound waves and light waves in the medium such as a casing, the cement sheath, a stratum simulation cylinder and the like. However, the existing methods can only detect the sealing state of the cement sheath at a certain measuring point and a certain moment, and cannot provide real-time continuous sealing performance monitoring in a whole well section.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an experimental device for monitoring the sealing integrity of a well cementation cement sheath in real time, which is used for solving the problem that the sealing performance monitoring of the well cementation cement sheath in a whole well section and in real time cannot be provided in the prior art.

The invention provides an experimental device for monitoring the sealing integrity of a well cementation cement sheath in real time, which comprises a fixing device, a well device and a cement slurry injection system, wherein the fixing device comprises a base plate, a base is arranged on the base plate, the well device comprises an outer cylinder, an inner sleeve and an optical fiber sensing cable, the bottom end of the inner sleeve and the bottom end of the outer cylinder are both fixed in the base, a cement sheath cavity is formed by a cavity between the inner wall of the outer cylinder and the outer wall of the inner sleeve, and the optical fiber sensing cable is arranged on the outer wall of the inner sleeve; the cement slurry injection system comprises a cement slurry storage device, a cement slurry injection pump and a cement slurry injection pipe, wherein the cement slurry storage device is arranged on the base plate, the cement slurry storage device is communicated with the cement ring cavity through the cement slurry injection pipe, and the cement slurry injection pump is arranged on the cement slurry injection pipe.

Preferably, fixing device still includes a plurality of fixing bolt, solid fixed ring, bottom holding ring, the base plate is the rectangular plate, the shape of base is hollow cylinder, the base middle part is provided with circular recess, hoop interval arrangement has a plurality of bolt holes around the base, and is a plurality of fixing bolt passes respectively the base is fixed on the tip of base plate with a plurality of bolt holes of base, gu install in the circular recess of base fixed ring, the bottom holding ring card is established in the holding ring.

Preferably, it is protruding that the bottom holding ring is last to be provided with the round annular, the outer wall card of interior sleeve pipe bottom is located in the bellied inner circle of bottom holding ring, the outer wall card of outer barrel bottom is located in solid fixed ring's inner circle, just the inner wall of outer barrel with cavity between the interior sheathed tube outer wall forms the cement sheath cavity.

Preferably, a cement slurry stirrer is arranged on the cement slurry storage device.

Preferably, the cement slurry injection system further comprises a first one-way valve, a first flow meter, a first temperature sensor and a first pressure gauge, wherein the one-way valve, the first temperature sensor, the first flow meter and the first pressure gauge are sequentially arranged on the cement slurry injection pipe.

Preferably, the optical fiber sensing cable comprises an optical fiber cable, an oil-gas sensitive polymer and an aramid fiber wire, wherein the oil-gas sensitive polymer is coated and covered on the outer wall of the inner sleeve, the optical fiber cable is tightly attached to the outer wall of the inner sleeve along the longitudinal direction of the inner sleeve, and the aramid fiber wire is spirally wound on the outer wall of the inner sleeve to bind the optical fiber cable on the outer wall of the inner sleeve.

Preferably, the dyeing system further comprises a dyeing liquid injection system, wherein the dyeing liquid injection system comprises a dyeing liquid storage device, a dyeing liquid injection pipe and a dyeing liquid injection pump, the dyeing liquid storage device is arranged on the base plate, the dyeing liquid storage device is communicated with the cement sheath cavity through the dyeing liquid injection pipe, and the dyeing liquid injection pipe is provided with the dyeing liquid injection pump.

Preferably, the dyeing liquid injection system further comprises a second one-way valve, a second temperature sensor, a second flowmeter and a second pressure gauge, wherein the second one-way valve, the second temperature sensor, the second flowmeter and the second pressure gauge are sequentially arranged on the dyeing liquid injection pipe.

Preferably, the system also comprises an oil-gas storage device and at least one group of oil-gas injection systems, wherein the cavity of the cement ring is filled with cement slurry to form a cement ring, and at least one oil-gas channel is arranged in the cement ring; each group of oil gas injection systems comprises an oil gas injection pipe and an oil gas discharge pipe, the oil gas inlet end of the oil gas injection pipe is communicated with the oil gas outlet of the oil gas storage device, the oil gas outlet end of the oil gas injection pipe and the oil gas inlet end of the oil gas discharge pipe are respectively communicated with two ends of the oil gas channel of the cement sheath, and the oil gas return end of the oil gas discharge pipe is communicated with the oil gas return port of the oil gas storage device, so that each group of oil gas injection systems forms a circulation loop; and an oil injection air pump is arranged on each oil gas injection pipe.

Preferably, each oil gas injection pipe is provided with a set of control device, each control device comprises a third pressure gauge, a third flow meter, a third temperature sensor and a third one-way valve, and the third pressure gauge, the third flow meter, the third temperature sensor and the third one-way valve are sequentially arranged on the oil gas injection pipe.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention discloses an experimental device for monitoring the sealing integrity of a well cementation cement sheath in real time, which is characterized in that a well device and a cement slurry injection system are arranged on a fixing device, an optical fiber sensing cable arranged on the outer wall of an inner sleeve of the well device is utilized to sense the volume strain of the inner sleeve caused by the cement slurry solidification process, the adopted volume position change information is converted into an acoustic wave signal, and the sealing integrity of the cement sheath is judged by researching the influence rule of cement slurry hydration on a distributed acoustic sensing optical fiber signal. The experimental device for monitoring the sealing integrity of the well cementation cement sheath in real time disclosed by the invention realizes the full-well section and real-time continuous monitoring of the sealing integrity of the well cementation cement sheath, has accurate and reliable measured values, and only needs to replace outer cylinders of simulated formation pipelines with different functions and corresponding injection systems for different cement sheath sealing integrity monitoring experiments, thereby greatly reducing the experiment cost.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an experimental apparatus provided in example 1 of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of an experimental apparatus provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an experimental apparatus provided in example 2 of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of an experimental apparatus provided in embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an experimental set-up provided in example 3 of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of an experimental apparatus provided in embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of an experimental apparatus provided in example 4 of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic perspective view of an experimental apparatus provided in embodiment 4 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) technology of rayleigh scattering effect in optical fiber has been successfully applied in hydraulic fracturing, oil and gas production dynamics, seismic signal monitoring, and other fields. However, the feasibility of distributed acoustic sensing technology in cement sheath integrity monitoring is still under investigation. The distributed acoustic sensing technology provides a brand new method with a promising prospect for realizing the real-time whole-well section and whole life cycle cement sheath integrity monitoring. Optical fiber sensing cables are one particular application of distributed acoustic sensing technology.

There are three main types of common failure of the sealing integrity of a cementing cement sheath: insufficient cement paste height return, cracking of the cemented surface of the cement sheath and leakage of the groove of the cement sheath. The three different failures generate different strength changes of optical fiber sensing signals due to disturbance of events in the well solid cement ring, and the strength changes can be sensed by the deformation of the optical fiber sensing cable no matter which type of failure occurs, and the change rule of the strength of the optical fiber sensing signals essentially reflects the change rule of the magnitude of optical fiber strain. According to the principle, by designing and developing an indoor monitoring experiment of the sealing integrity of the well cementation cement sheath, the time-space influence rule of oil-gas flow in a leakage channel of the well cementation cement sheath on the waveform of the distributed optical fiber sensing signal can be ascertained, the relation between the distributed optical fiber sensing signal and factors such as the leakage position of the well cementation cement sheath, the leakage speed, the size of the leakage channel, the type of the leakage fluid, the temperature of the leakage fluid and the like is specifically disclosed, accordingly, the whole-well section and real-time continuous sealing performance monitoring of the sealing integrity of the well cementation cement sheath is realized through the distributed optical fiber sensing cable, and a decision basis is provided for field.