Vehicle mass center position measuring tool and measuring method thereof
阅读说明：本技术 车辆质心位置测量工具及其测量方法 (Vehicle mass center position measuring tool and measuring method thereof ) 是由 周志明 于根稳 杨中明 鲁高健 林文干 王运龙 刘蓉 马红阳 何伟 阳仁松 杨锐 于 2020-06-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种车辆质心位置测量工具及其测量方法,车辆质心位置测量工具包括角度调节支架、单轮称重台及角度尺,单轮称重台固定在角度调节支架上并测量在水平状态下上方的被测车辆某一车轮的重量,角度调节支架支撑于放置面与述单轮称重台之间使单轮称重台处于水平状态,角度尺测量得到角度调节支架从一个放置面到另一放置面使单轮称重台保持在水平状态所调节的角度。本发明的车辆质心位置测量工具及其测量方法采用角度调节支架、单轮称重台及角度尺对车辆质心进行测量,经过测量读数并计算后即可得到被测车辆的质心位置,工具小巧便携、使用方便且成本低廉；测量方法简单易行、操作简单；车辆质心测量无需固定场地,测量方法适用范围广。(The invention discloses a vehicle mass center position measuring tool and a measuring method thereof, wherein the vehicle mass center position measuring tool comprises an angle adjusting bracket, a single-wheel weighing platform and an angle ruler, the single-wheel weighing platform is fixed on the angle adjusting bracket and measures the weight of a certain wheel of a vehicle to be measured above the angle adjusting bracket in a horizontal state, the angle adjusting bracket is supported between a placing surface and the single-wheel weighing platform to enable the single-wheel weighing platform to be in the horizontal state, and the angle ruler measures to obtain an angle which is adjusted by the angle adjusting bracket from one placing surface to the other placing surface to enable the single-wheel weighing platform to be kept in the horizontal state. The vehicle mass center position measuring tool and the measuring method thereof adopt the angle adjusting bracket, the single-wheel weighing platform and the angle ruler to measure the mass center of the vehicle, and the mass center position of the measured vehicle can be obtained after measurement reading and calculation, and the tool is small and portable, convenient to use and low in cost; the measuring method is simple and easy to implement and simple to operate; the vehicle mass center measurement does not need a fixed place, and the measurement method has wide application range.)
1. A vehicle centroid position measuring tool, characterized in that: the vehicle centroid position measuring tool comprises an angle adjusting support (1), a single-wheel weighing platform (2) and an angle ruler (3), wherein the single-wheel weighing platform (2) is fixed on the angle adjusting support (1) and measures the weight of a certain wheel of a vehicle to be measured above the vehicle in a horizontal state, the angle adjusting support (1) is supported between a placing surface and the single-wheel weighing platform (2) to enable the single-wheel weighing platform (2) to be in the horizontal state, and the angle ruler (3) measures the angle of the angle adjusting support (1) from the placing surface to enable the single-wheel weighing platform (2) to be kept at the angle adjusted in the horizontal state.
2. The vehicle centroid position measuring tool according to claim 1, wherein: the angle adjusting support (1) comprises a weighing platform bracket (1.1), an adjusting support bottom plate (1.2) and a sliding support piece (1.3), the adjusting support bottom plate (1.2) is arranged on the placing surface, the weighing platform bracket (1.1) and the adjusting support bottom plate (1.2) are hinged around an axis parallel to the x direction, and the sliding support piece (1.3) is connected between the weighing platform bracket (1.1) and the adjusting support bottom plate (1.2) to fix the angle between the weighing platform bracket (1.1) and the adjusting support bottom plate (1.2).
3. The vehicle centroid position measuring tool according to claim 2, wherein: the angle adjusting support (1) further comprises an adjusting screw rod (1.4) and a rotating pin (1.6) which form a screw-nut pair, the adjusting screw rod (1.4) is rotatably installed on the adjusting support bottom plate (1.2), the axis of the adjusting screw rod (1.4) is perpendicular to the x direction, the rotating pin (1.6) can be sleeved on the adjusting screw rod (1.4) in a axially movable mode and is fixedly connected with the sliding support piece (1.3), and the sliding support piece (1.3) is hinged with the weighing platform bracket (1.1) around the axis parallel to the x direction.
4. The vehicle centroid position measuring tool according to claim 3, wherein: the tail end of the adjusting screw rod (1.4) is provided with a through hole connected with a rocker or a rocker arm and drives the adjusting screw rod (1.4) to rotate.
5. The vehicle centroid position measuring tool according to claim 3, wherein: the side of the sliding support piece (1.3) is provided with a limiting pin (1.5), the adjusting support base plate (1.2) is provided with a plurality of limiting holes (1.8) which are distributed at intervals in the direction parallel to the axis of the adjusting screw rod (1.4), the limiting pin (1.5) is selectively matched with one limiting hole (1.8), the tail end of the limiting pin (1.5) matched with the limiting hole (1.8) is wedge-shaped, the inclined plane of the wedge-shaped inclined plane faces the direction in which the angle between the weighing platform bracket (1.1) and the adjusting support base plate (1.2) is increased, and the right-angle surface of the wedge-shaped inclined plane is abutted to the hole wall of the limiting hole (1.8).
6. The vehicle centroid position measuring tool according to claim 2, wherein: the bottom of the adjusting bracket bottom plate (1.2) is provided with anti-skid teeth which are contacted with the placing surface.
7. The vehicle centroid position measuring tool according to claim 2, wherein: the angle ruler (3) comprises a heavy hammer pointer (3.1) and a dial plate (3.2), the heavy hammer pointer (3.1) can swing around an axis parallel to the x direction relative to the dial plate (3.2), angle scales are arranged on the dial plate (3.2), and the dial plate (3.2) is fixed on the adjusting support bottom plate (1.2) or a vehicle to be measured.
8. The vehicle centroid position measuring tool according to claim 7, wherein: and a magnet which is adsorbed on the bottom plate (1.2) of the adjusting bracket or the vehicle to be detected is arranged at the back of the dial plate (3.2).
9. The vehicle centroid position measuring tool according to claim 1, wherein: the single-wheel weighing platform (2) comprises a weighing platform stress panel (2.1) for bearing a certain wheel of the vehicle to be measured and a level gauge (2.2) for indicating the levelness of the weighing platform stress panel (2.1).
10. A measuring method of the vehicle centroid position measuring tool according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
placing a tested vehicle on a horizontal placing surface, placing the angle adjusting bracket (1) and the single-wheel weighing platform (2) below each wheel, measuring to obtain the weight of each wheel, and adjusting the angle ruler (3) to be a pointer zero;
placing a vehicle to be measured on a placing surface with a certain gradient, placing the angle adjusting bracket (1) and the single-wheel weighing platform (2) below each wheel, adjusting the angle adjusting bracket (1) to the state that the single-wheel weighing platform (1) below each wheel is horizontal, measuring to obtain the weight of each wheel, and simultaneously reading the reading of the angle ruler (3) to obtain an angle alpha;
the left front wheel center point C of the vehicle to be measured is taken as a coordinate origin, the vertical direction is the coordinate z direction, the horizontal direction along the length of the frame is the coordinate y direction, the horizontal direction passing through the connecting line of the left front wheel center point C to the right front wheel is the coordinate x direction, and the barycentric coordinates (x, y, z) of the vehicle to be measured are as follows:
wherein:
a, the sum of the weights of the front wheels measured by the single-wheel weighing platform when the vehicle is on a horizontal placing surface;
b, the sum of the weights of the rear wheels measured by the single-wheel weighing platform when the vehicle is on the horizontal placing surface;
aright side-the right front wheel weight measured by the single wheel weighing station when the vehicle is on a horizontal resting surface;
bright sideThe weight of the right rear wheel measured by the single-wheel weighing station when the vehicle is on the horizontal placing surface;
a 1-the sum of the front wheel weights measured by the single wheel weighing station when the vehicle is placed on an incline;
b 1-sum of the weights of the rear wheels measured by the single-wheel weighing station when the vehicle is placed at an inclined plane;
m is the distance between the center points of the two front wheels;
l is vehicle wheel base;
alpha-vehicle inclination angle.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle mass center measurement, in particular to a vehicle mass center position measuring tool and a measuring method thereof.
Background
Vehicle handling stability, ride comfort and safety have become important indicators for evaluating vehicle performance, and the position of the center of mass of the vehicle has a large influence on these indicators. According to national standards of China, the rollover resisting angle of the automobile under the no-load condition is not less than 35 degrees, and objective evaluation can be made after the position of the center of mass is rapidly confirmed.
In the vehicle design process, the center of mass position of the whole vehicle is usually calculated according to the center of mass position of each assembly. Generally speaking, the vehicle is symmetrical in the longitudinal plane, and the centroid position is offset very little in the left-right direction, so the centroid position is usually only represented by the horizontal distance of the centroid from the centerline of the front (or rear) axis and the centroid height. The horizontal position of the mass center can be obtained by measuring the axial load, and the technical problem does not exist in the testing method. Thus, the height of the center of mass becomes the key to determine the position of the center of mass of the vehicle.
At present, the following methods are mainly used for measuring the mass center position of a vehicle at home and abroad: a rocking method, a suspension method, a zero position method, a platform support reaction method, a mass reaction method and the like. The mass reaction method is based on the principle that a rigid body rotates around a fixed shaft, one end of a vehicle is lifted during a test, the transfer amount of axle load and the inclination angle of the vehicle are respectively measured when the vehicle is lifted to different angles, and then the position of the mass center is calculated.
In the traditional mass reaction method, a large crane is needed, and a whole vehicle suspension structure needs to be locked, so that the operation is complicated.
Therefore, how to simplify the operation tools and operation steps required for the mass reaction method becomes a problem to be solved by the present invention.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a vehicle mass center position measuring tool and a measuring method thereof, which can finish the measurement of the mass center of a vehicle by using a smaller measuring tool and simple operation steps.
In order to achieve the purpose, the vehicle centroid position measuring tool designed by the invention comprises an angle adjusting bracket, a single-wheel weighing platform and an angle ruler, wherein the single-wheel weighing platform is fixed on the angle adjusting bracket and measures the weight of a certain wheel of a vehicle to be measured above the vehicle in a horizontal state, the angle adjusting bracket is supported between a placing surface and the single-wheel weighing platform to enable the single-wheel weighing platform to be in the horizontal state, and the angle ruler measures an angle which is adjusted by the angle adjusting bracket from one placing surface to the other placing surface to enable the single-wheel weighing platform to be kept in the horizontal state.
Preferably, the angle adjusting support comprises a weighing platform bracket, an adjusting support bottom plate and a sliding support piece, the adjusting support bottom plate is arranged on the placing surface, the weighing platform bracket is hinged to the adjusting support bottom plate around an axis parallel to the x direction, and the sliding support piece is connected between the weighing platform bracket and the adjusting support bottom plate to fix the angle between the weighing platform bracket and the adjusting support bottom plate.
Preferably, the angle adjusting bracket further comprises an adjusting screw rod and a rotating pin, the adjusting screw rod forms a screw-nut pair, the adjusting screw rod is rotatably mounted on the adjusting bracket bottom plate, the axis of the adjusting screw rod is perpendicular to the x direction, the rotating pin is axially movably sleeved on the adjusting screw rod and fixedly connected with the sliding support piece, and the sliding support piece is hinged with the weighing platform bracket around the axis parallel to the x direction.
Preferably, the tail end of the adjusting screw rod is provided with a through hole connected with the rocker or the rocker arm and used for driving the adjusting screw rod to rotate.
Preferably, a limiting pin is arranged on the side edge of the sliding support, a plurality of limiting holes are formed in the adjusting support base plate and are distributed at intervals in the direction parallel to the axis of the adjusting screw, the limiting pin is selectively matched with one of the limiting holes, the tail end of the limiting pin matched with the limiting hole is in a wedge shape, the inclined plane of the wedge shape faces the direction in which the angle between the weighing platform bracket and the adjusting support base plate is increased, and the right-angle surface of the wedge shape is abutted to the hole wall of the limiting hole.
Preferably, the bottom of the bottom plate of the adjusting bracket is provided with anti-slip teeth which are in contact with the placing surface.
Preferably, the angle ruler comprises a heavy bob pointer and a dial plate, the heavy bob pointer can swing around an axis parallel to the x direction relative to the dial plate, angle scales are arranged on the dial plate, and the dial plate is fixed on the bottom plate of the adjusting bracket or the measured vehicle.
Preferably, a magnet which is adsorbed on the bottom plate of the adjusting bracket or the vehicle to be tested is arranged at the back of the dial plate.
Preferably, the single-wheel weighing platform comprises a weighing platform stress panel for bearing a certain wheel of the tested vehicle and a level meter for indicating the levelness of the weighing platform stress panel.
In order to achieve the purpose, the measuring method adopting the vehicle mass center position measuring tool comprises the following steps:
placing the vehicle to be measured on a horizontal placing surface, placing the angle adjusting bracket and the single-wheel weighing platform below each wheel, measuring to obtain the weight of each wheel, and adjusting the angle ruler to be a pointer zero point;
placing a vehicle to be measured on a placing surface with a certain gradient, placing the angle adjusting bracket and the single-wheel weighing platform below each wheel, adjusting the angle adjusting bracket until the single-wheel weighing platform below each wheel is in a horizontal state, measuring to obtain the weight of each wheel, and simultaneously reading the reading of the angle ruler to obtain an angle alpha;
the left front wheel center point C of the vehicle to be measured is taken as a coordinate origin, the vertical direction is the coordinate z direction, the horizontal direction along the length of the frame is the coordinate y direction, the horizontal direction passing through the connecting line of the left front wheel center point C to the right front wheel is the coordinate x direction, and the barycentric coordinates (x, y, z) of the vehicle to be measured are as follows:
wherein:
a, the sum of the weights of the front wheels measured by the single-wheel weighing platform when the vehicle is on a horizontal placing surface;
b, the sum of the weights of the rear wheels measured by the single-wheel weighing platform when the vehicle is on the horizontal placing surface;
aright side-the right front wheel weight measured by the single wheel weighing station when the vehicle is on a horizontal resting surface;
bright sideThe weight of the right rear wheel measured by the single-wheel weighing station when the vehicle is on the horizontal placing surface;
a 1-the sum of the front wheel weights measured by the single wheel weighing station when the vehicle is placed on an incline;
b 1-sum of the weights of the rear wheels measured by the single-wheel weighing station when the vehicle is placed at an inclined plane;
m is the distance between the center points of the two front wheels;
l is vehicle wheel base;
alpha-vehicle inclination angle.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the vehicle mass center position measuring tool and the measuring method thereof adopt the angle adjusting bracket, the single-wheel weighing platform and the angle ruler to measure the mass center of the vehicle, and the mass center position of the measured vehicle can be obtained after measurement reading and calculation; the vehicle mass center measuring method is simple and easy to implement, and the measuring operation is simple; the vehicle mass center measurement does not need a fixed place, and the measurement method has wide application range.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an adjusting bracket and a single-wheel weighing platform of a vehicle centroid position measuring tool according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the main body of the adjusting bracket of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of portion I in fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion II in fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of the portion III in fig. 2.
Fig. 6 is a side view of the operation of the adjustment bracket of fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is a schematic perspective view of the single-wheel weighing station in fig. 1.
Fig. 8 is a perspective view illustrating an angle scale of a vehicle centroid position measuring tool according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the vehicle centroid position measuring tool of the preferred embodiment of the present invention in use, with the vehicle horizontal.
Fig. 10 is an enlarged view of the portion IV of fig. 9.
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the centroid calculation process of the vehicle in fig. 9 in a horizontal state.
Fig. 12 is a schematic view of a vehicle centroid position measuring tool according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention in use, in a vehicle tilted state.
Fig. 13 is an enlarged view of the portion V in fig. 12.
Fig. 14 is an enlarged view of a VI portion in fig. 12.
Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of the centroid calculation process of the vehicle in fig. 12 in a tilted state.
Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of the centroid calculation process of the vehicle in fig. 12 in a tilted state.
The components in the figures are numbered as follows: an angle adjusting support 1 (wherein, a weighing platform bracket 1.1, an adjusting support bottom plate 1.2, a sliding support 1.3, an adjusting screw 1.4, a limiting pin 1.5, a rotating pin 1.6, a limiting base plate 1.7 and a limiting hole 1.8); a single-wheel weighing platform 2 (wherein, the weighing platform is provided with a stress panel 2.1 and a level 2.2); an angle ruler 3 (wherein, a weight pointer 3.1 and a dial 3.2); a horizontal transition rubber block 4.1 and an inclined transition rubber cushion block 4.2.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
The invention aims to find a tool and a method for rapidly measuring the position of the mass center, which do not need large-scale equipment, are all portable equipment, are convenient and simple to operate and do not need to lock a suspension frame.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the vehicle centroid position measuring tool according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes an angle adjusting
As shown in figure 1, an angle adjusting
Referring to fig. 2, the
The front end and the rear end of the weighing platform bracket 1.1 are respectively connected with the adjusting bracket bottom plate 1.2 and the sliding support piece 1.3 in a three-point hinge mode, and the hinge axis is parallel to the x direction. Adjusting screw 1.4 sets up along vertically (perpendicular to x direction), and there is the through-hole adjusting screw 1.4 top, conveniently rotates with external rocker or rocking arm cooperation. The other top end of the adjusting screw rod 1.4 is fixed by two limit backing plates 1.7 in a butt joint mode, as shown in fig. 4, and the two limit backing plates 1.7 are fixed on a cross beam of the adjusting bracket bottom plate 1.2 in a bolt mode, so that the adjusting screw rod 1.4 can normally rotate and cannot be separated from the adjusting bracket bottom plate 1.2, and a lead screw longitudinally arranged on the adjusting bracket bottom plate 1.2 is formed. The bottom of the center stay bar of the sliding support piece 1.3 is hinged with a rotating pin 1.6, and the rotating pin 1.6 is in threaded connection with the adjusting screw rod 1.4 through thick threads. The tail end of the outer frame on the side surface of the adjusting bracket bottom plate 1.2 is provided with a plurality of limiting holes 1.8 which are distributed at intervals along the longitudinal direction, and limiting pins 1.5 arranged on two sides of the rear end of the sliding support piece 1.3 are selectively matched with one limiting hole 1.8. The tail end of the limiting pin 1.5 matched with the limiting hole 1.8 is wedge-shaped, the inclined plane of the tail end faces the front end, and the adjusting screw rod 1.4 is conveniently rotated to enable the limiting pin 1.5 to be separated from the current limiting hole 1.8 and enter the previous limiting hole 1.8 when moving forwards. The right angle face at the tail end of the wedge of the limiting pin 1.5 faces backwards, and can be abutted against the rear hole wall of the limiting hole 1.8, so that the angle sudden change of the
Referring to fig. 5, a screw nut pair is formed between the adjusting screw 1.4 and the rotating pin 1.6, and the rotating pin 1.6 can move along the length direction of the adjusting screw 1.4 by rotating the adjusting screw 1.4, so as to adjust the included angle between the weighing platform bracket 1.1 and the adjusting bracket bottom plate 1.2. In the illustrated embodiment, the angle adjustable range of the
Please refer to fig. 7, which is a schematic structural diagram of the single-
Please refer to fig. 8, which is a schematic structural diagram of the angle ruler 3, the angle ruler 3 includes a weight pointer 3.1 and a dial 3.2, and the weight pointer 3.1 can swing relative to the dial 3.2. At the same time, a strong magnet (not shown) is arranged at the back of the dial 3.2 of the angle ruler 3, and can be adsorbed on a cab or a carriage. In the measuring process, the weight pointer 3.1 is always kept vertical, and the dial 3.2 is fixed on a cab or a carriage of the vehicle to be measured through adsorption and changes along with the position change of the vehicle to be measured. In the illustrated embodiment, the measurement accuracy of the angle ruler 3 is 0.25 °.
Referring to fig. 9 to 16, the measuring method of the vehicle centroid position measuring tool of the present invention is as follows:
in order to facilitate calculation and later-stage determination of the centroid position, a central point C of a left front wheel of the whole vehicle is regarded as a coordinate origin of the whole vehicle, the vertical direction is the leftmost z direction, the horizontal direction along the length of the vehicle frame is the coordinate y direction, and the horizontal direction passing through a connecting line from the central point of the left front wheel to the right front wheel is the x direction.
1. Centroid height measurement (z direction):
as shown in fig. 9, the vehicle to be tested is placed on the horizontal placement surface, the single-
At this time, as shown in fig. 11, the position of the perpendicular point a of the line d passing through the center of mass of the vehicle and the line CD connecting the front and rear wheel axes can be calculated from the mass:
as shown in fig. 12, a tested vehicle is driven to a placing surface with a certain gradient, the
CE＝CD*cosα；
AO is the distance of the mass center in the z-axis direction under the horizontal static state of the whole vehicle:
wherein:
a-the front axle weight measured with the vehicle on a horizontal surface;
b-rear axle weight measured with the vehicle on a horizontal surface;
a 1-front axle weight measured when the vehicle is placed on an incline;
b1 — rear axle weight measured when the vehicle is placed on an incline;
L-CD distance, i.e. vehicle wheelbase;
alpha-vehicle inclination angle.
2. Centroid distance measurement along frame direction (y direction):
as shown in fig. 9 and 11, the distance of AC is the distance of the centroid in the y direction:
wherein:
a-the front axle weight measured with the vehicle on a horizontal surface;
b-rear axle weight measured with the vehicle on a horizontal surface;
L-CD distance, i.e. vehicle wheelbase.
3. Centroid-at-front axle axial distance (x direction):
as shown in fig. 12, 15, and 16, the four single-
a＝aleft side of+aRight side；
b＝bLeft side of+bRight side；
The centroid is at the axial distance x:
wherein:
a-the front axle weight measured with the vehicle on a horizontal surface;
b-rear axle weight measured with the vehicle on a horizontal surface;
aleft side of-left front wheel weight measured with the vehicle on a horizontal surface;
aright side-the weight of the right front wheel measured with the vehicle on a horizontal surface;
bleft side of-left rear wheel weight measured with the vehicle on a horizontal surface;
bright side-the weight of the right rear wheel measured with the vehicle on a horizontal surface;
x-centroid at axial distance;
m is the distance between the center points of the two front wheels.
In summary, the coordinates of the centroid position of the detected vehicle are:
it should be noted that, in the above embodiment, the angle ruler 3 is a separate part from the
Compared with the prior art, the vehicle mass center position measuring tool and the measuring method thereof have the following advantages: (1) the vehicle mass center measuring tool is small and portable, convenient to use and low in cost; (2) the vehicle mass center measuring method is simple and easy to implement, and the measuring operation is simple; (3) the vehicle mass center measurement does not need a fixed place, and the measurement method has wide application range.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
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