阅读说明：本技术 一种具备天然抗氧化能力的栀子黄色素的制备方法 (Preparation method of gardenia yellow pigment with natural antioxidant capacity ) 是由 张远志 尹修权 雷勇 于 2020-04-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于食品天然色素技术领域,具体涉及一种具备天然抗氧化能力的栀子黄色素的制备方法,为提供一种含有天然抗氧化剂的栀子黄色素,避免其发生氧化褪色,本发明提供了一种具备天然抗氧化能力的栀子黄色素的制备方法,即对经过预处理的栀子果和迷迭香叶进行提取,提取液经过三级过滤后浓缩得到浓缩液,浓缩液与辅料混合后经均质、喷雾干燥得到栀子黄色素,所提取得到的栀子黄色素中包含有迷迭香酸天然抗氧化成分,有效解决了栀子黄色素氧化变质、发生褪色的问题,使其具有高稳定性,存放时间更长；储存更方便,短期内不需要冷冻；无需额外添加抗氧化剂,便于使用；无有机溶剂残留,安全,环保。(The invention belongs to the technical field of food natural pigments, and particularly relates to a preparation method of gardenia yellow pigment with natural antioxidant capacity, which aims to provide the gardenia yellow pigment containing natural antioxidant and avoid oxidation and color fading of the gardenia yellow pigment, the preparation method of the gardenia yellow pigment with natural antioxidant capacity is provided by the invention, namely, preprocessed gardenia fruits and rosemary leaves are extracted, extracting solution is concentrated after three-stage filtration to obtain concentrated solution, the concentrated solution is mixed with auxiliary materials and then is homogenized and spray-dried to obtain the gardenia yellow pigment, the extracted gardenia yellow pigment contains rosmarinic acid natural antioxidant components, the problems of oxidative deterioration and color fading of the gardenia yellow pigment are effectively solved, and the gardenia yellow pigment has high stability and longer storage time; the storage is more convenient, and the freezing is not needed in a short period; no additional antioxidant is needed, so that the use is convenient; no organic solvent residue, safety and environmental protection.)

1. A preparation method of gardenia yellow pigment with natural antioxidant capacity is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, extracting the preprocessed gardenia fruits and rosemary leaves to obtain extracting solution;

s2, concentrating the extracting solution after three-stage filtration to obtain a concentrated solution;

s3, mixing the concentrated solution and auxiliary materials, homogenizing, and spray drying to obtain the gardenia yellow pigment.

2. The method for preparing gardenia yellow pigment with natural antioxidant capacity according to claim 1, wherein the three-stage filtration comprises the following steps:

s21, primary filtration: performing compressed plate-and-frame filtration on the extracting solution to obtain filtrate 1 and filter residue;

s22, secondary filtration: eluting the filter residue to obtain filtrate 2;

s23, three-stage filtration: and mixing the filtrate 1 and the filtrate 2, and performing cloth bag suction filtration and precision filtration to obtain the final filtrate.

3. The method for preparing gardenia yellow pigment with natural antioxidant ability according to claim 2, characterized in that the elution in step S22 is performed by using water with 50-70 ℃ 2-3 times of the weight of the filter residue.

4. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the cloth bag filtration pore size of step S23 is 300-500 mesh, and the microfiltration pore size is 0.4-0.6 μm.

5. The method for preparing gardenia yellow pigment with natural antioxidant ability as claimed in claim 1, wherein the extraction in step S1 is water extraction; the weight ratio of the extracted feed water to the extracted feed water is 1:5-7, the extraction temperature is 50-70 ℃, and the extraction time is 3-5 h.

6. The method for preparing gardenia yellow pigment with natural antioxidant capacity according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the gardenia fruit to the rosemary leaf is 4-6: 1-3.

7. The method for preparing gardenia yellow pigment with natural antioxidant ability as claimed in claim 1, wherein the adjuvant includes excipient and adjuvant in step S3.

8. The method for preparing gardenia yellow pigment with natural antioxidant ability according to claim 1, wherein the homogenization is high pressure homogenization for 3 times; the pressure for the first homogenizing is 20-30 Mpa; the pressure for the second homogenization is 40-50 Mpa; the pressure for the third homogenization is 40-50 MPa.

9. The method for preparing gardenia yellow pigment with natural antioxidant capacity as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spray drying is carried out by using a spray tower, the air inlet temperature of the spray tower is 155-165 ℃, and the air outlet temperature is 80-90 ℃.

10. The anti-oxidation natural pigment obtained by the preparation method of gardenia yellow pigment with natural anti-oxidation capacity according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of food natural pigments, and particularly relates to a preparation method of gardenia yellow pigment with natural antioxidant capacity.

Background

The gardenia yellow pigment is a yellow or orange-yellow natural pigment obtained by crushing fruits of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (Gardeniajasminoides Ellis) belonging to Rubiaceae (Rubaceae), extracting with water or ethanol, filtering, concentrating and drying. The gardenia yellow pigment is easy to dissolve in water and insoluble in edible oil, the pH value has almost no influence on the color tone, the gardenia yellow pigment has higher stability under both acidic (pH4-6) and alkaline (pH8-11), and the yellow color is more bright under alkaline environment. Gardenia yellow pigment is generally used as an edible pigment, the main coloring components of the gardenia yellow pigment are Crocin (Crocin) and Crocetin (Crocetin), in addition, a small amount of iridoid glycoside, flavone, chlorogenic acid and other components are also contained, the gardenia yellow pigment is non-toxic, high in safety and has certain nutritional value and health care function, the gardenia yellow pigment is used for food dyeing in countries such as the United states, the United kingdom, Canada, Norway, Lusenberg and the like, and particularly in Japan, the using amount is huge. The gardenia yellow pigment has a wide application range, and is widely applied to food such as egg rolls, biscuits, flour products, candies, preserves, ice cream, ice bars, fruit juice, fresh orange water, jelly and the like in Japan. China is a world wide export country of gardenia yellow pigment, and products are mainly exported to Japan. The gardenia yellow pigment is mainly extracted from gardenia fruits, and the gardenia yellow pigment is obtained by crushing gardenia fruits, extracting the crushed gardenia fruits by using water or ethanol, filtering, concentrating and drying. However, the stability of gardenia yellow pigment is not good, and the color of the product can be faded due to factors such as oxidation, browning and degradation in the production process, the storage process and the practical application. In the existing extraction process of the gardenia yellow pigment, the preparation of a gardenia yellow pigment product with different hues is mainly focused on so as to meet different market demands, but the problem of improving the oxidative deterioration of the gardenia yellow pigment is rarely involved.

Rosemary is a natural aromatic plant that gives off a fragrant smell during the growing season. Rosemary contains rosmarinic acid, carnosic acid and other antioxidant substances, wherein rosmarinic acid and carnosic acid are currently recognized as antioxidants with good antioxidant effect and high safety and are widely applied in European and American countries. Rosmarinic acid and carnosic acid are often used as color fixative of water-soluble pigment and fat-soluble pigment because of its excellent oxidation resistance, the prior art also has the oxidation resistance application of rosemary extract as natural pigment gardenia yellow, but in the practical application, the operation is complicated, the rosemary extract needs to be diluted firstly and then added into the gardenia yellow, the use is not convenient, and the problem of oxidative deterioration of pigment cannot be solved from the source.

In view of the above disadvantages of the natural pigment preparation process, there is a need to provide a method for preparing gardenia yellow pigment containing natural antioxidant, so as to solve the problem of oxidative deterioration of gardenia yellow pigment from the source, thereby prolonging the shelf life and avoiding oxidative discoloration during the use process.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention mainly aims to provide a preparation method of gardenia yellow pigment with natural antioxidant capacity.

The second object of the present invention is to provide an antioxidant natural pigment obtained by the above preparation method of gardenia yellow pigment having natural antioxidant ability.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a preparation method of gardenia yellow pigment with natural antioxidant capacity comprises the following steps:

s1, extracting the preprocessed gardenia fruits and rosemary leaves to obtain extracting solution;

s2, concentrating the extracting solution after three-stage filtration to obtain a concentrated solution;

s3, mixing the concentrated solution and auxiliary materials, homogenizing, and spray drying to obtain the gardenia yellow pigment.

According to the invention, the water-soluble pigment gardenia yellow containing the natural antioxidant rosmarinic acid is prepared by taking the mixture of gardenia fruits and rosemary leaves as an extraction raw material through an optimized preparation process, so that the problems of oxidative deterioration and fading of gardenia yellow pigment are solved from the source, and the gardenia yellow pigment has high stability in the production process, the storage process and the practical application, thereby having better practical application value.

In the extraction process, the filtration process is optimized, so that the extraction rate of the effective components of the gardenia fruits can be maximized in the whole filtration process, and the sufficient interaction of the effective components of the rosemary and the effective components of the gardenia fruits can be ensured, thereby ensuring the antioxidation effect of the rosemary on the gardenia fruits.

Preferably, the three-stage filtration comprises the following steps:

s21, primary filtration: performing compressed plate-and-frame filtration on the extracting solution to obtain filtrate 1 and filter residue;

s22, secondary filtration: eluting the filter residue to obtain filtrate 2;

s23, three-stage filtration: and mixing the filtrate 1 and the filtrate 2, and performing cloth bag suction filtration and precision filtration to obtain the final filtrate.

The first-stage filtration can effectively remove impurities in the filtrate; the secondary filtration can not only avoid the gardenia yellow pigment and the rosemary antioxidant component from remaining in the filter residue to cause waste, but also improve the yield of the gardenia yellow pigment and the rosemary antioxidant component; the third-stage filtration is fine filtration, so that gardenia yellow pigment and rosemary antioxidant components can be further screened and separated, the particle sizes of the gardenia yellow pigment and the rosemary antioxidant components are further reduced, and the interaction between the gardenia yellow pigment and the rosemary antioxidant components is enhanced. Through the three-stage filtration, the gardenia yellow pigment can be fully and comprehensively extracted, the gardenia yellow pigment and the rosemary antioxidant component have the optimal particle size, the contact area between the gardenia yellow pigment and the rosemary antioxidant component is increased, the synergistic effect is better exerted, the gardenia yellow pigment has the optimal antioxidant effect, and the stability of the gardenia yellow pigment is improved to the maximum extent.

Preferably, the elution in step S22 is performed by using water with 50-70 ℃ 2-3 times of the weight of the filter residue.

Preferably, the aperture of the cloth bag suction filtration in the step S23 is 300-500 meshes (preferably 400 meshes), and the aperture of the microfiltration is 0.4-0.6 μm.

Preferably, the extraction in step S1 adopts a water extraction method; the weight ratio of the extracted feed water to the extracted feed water is 1:5-7, the extraction temperature is 50-70 ℃, and the extraction time is 3-5 h. More preferably, the weight ratio of the feed water to the water is 1:6, the extraction temperature is 60 ℃, and the extraction time is 4 h.

Preferably, the weight ratio of the gardenia fruits to the rosemary leaves is 4-6: 1-3. More preferably, the weight ratio of the gardenia fruit to the rosemary leaf is 5: 2.

Preferably, the auxiliary materials in step S3 include excipients and auxiliaries. Specifically, the excipient is yellow dextrin, the yellow dextrin is beneficial to shaping and convenient to store of the gardenia yellow pigment on one hand, and the color of the yellow dextrin is consistent with that of the gardenia yellow pigment on the other hand, so that the coloring effect of the gardenia yellow pigment cannot be influenced; the auxiliary agent is VE which is one of important antioxidants in food production and can further improve the antioxidant effect of the gardenia yellow pigment; of course, other adjuvants that may be used in food coloring are equally suitable for use in the present invention. Further, adding yellow dextrin and VE into the concentrated solution, heating to 50-60 ℃, and fully stirring for dissolving; the amount of the yellow dextrin is 20% of the weight of the concentrated solution, and the amount of the VE is 0.1% of the weight of the concentrated solution.

Preferably, the homogenization is high-pressure homogenization for 3 times; the pressure for the first homogenizing is 20-30 Mpa; the pressure for the second homogenization is 40-50 Mpa; the pressure for the third homogenization is 40-50 MPa.

Preferably, the concentration is to concentrate the finally obtained filtrate to a concentrated solution with a solid content of 40% -50%, specifically, the concentration is vacuum concentration, the vacuum degree is (-0.06) - (-0.09) Mpa, and the temperature is 50 ℃ -60 ℃; more preferably, the vacuum is-0.08 MPa.

Preferably, the spray drying is carried out by adopting a spray tower, the air inlet temperature of the spray tower is 155-165 ℃, and the air outlet temperature is 80-90 ℃.

Preferably, the spray drying method further comprises a packaging step, wherein the packaging is vacuum packaging, specifically nitrogen-filled packaging, and the packaging is stored at normal temperature in a dark place.

Preferably, the pretreatment comprises drying and crushing.

The drying is to remove impurities from fresh gardenia fruits and standby rosemary leaves collected from 4 to 6 months per year, and then to dry the gardenia fruits and the standby rosemary leaves by adopting hot air at the temperature of 40 to 60 ℃ until the moisture content is less than or equal to 10 percent.

The crushing is to perform 20-40-mesh sieve crushing treatment on the dried mixture of the gardenia fruits and the rosemary leaves, and specifically is to perform 30-mesh sieve crushing treatment.

The invention also provides the antioxidant natural pigment prepared by the preparation method of the gardenia yellow pigment with natural antioxidant capacity.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention provides a preparation method of gardenia yellow pigment with natural antioxidant capacity, which comprises the steps of extracting preprocessed gardenia fruits and rosemary leaves, carrying out three-stage filtration on an extracting solution, concentrating the extracting solution to obtain a concentrated solution, mixing the concentrated solution with auxiliary materials, homogenizing, and carrying out spray drying to obtain the gardenia yellow pigment, wherein the extracted gardenia yellow pigment contains rosmarinic acid natural antioxidant components, so that the problems of oxidative deterioration and fading of the gardenia yellow pigment are effectively solved, and the gardenia yellow pigment has high stability and longer storage time; the storage is more convenient, and the freezing is not needed in a short period; no additional antioxidant is needed, so that the use is convenient; no organic solvent residue, safety and environmental protection.

Detailed Description

The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the description of the embodiments is provided to help understanding of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

The test methods used in the following experimental examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the materials, reagents and the like used are, unless otherwise specified, commercially available reagents and materials.