Memory controller and operating method thereof

文档序号：1270523 发布日期：2020-08-25 浏览：6次中文

阅读说明：本技术 存储器控制器及其操作方法 (Memory controller and operating method thereof ) 是由边谕俊于 2019-10-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本文描述了存储器控制器及其操作方法。一种存储器控制器包括映射数据控制单元,映射数据控制单元被配置为当在生成附加映射数据期间针对与附加映射数据中的逻辑块地址相同的地址的操作被执行时,中断附加映射数据的生成,并且生成虚设映射数据。附加映射数据可以包括指示逻辑块地址和物理块地址之间的映射关系的映射信息。(Memory controllers and methods of operating the same are described herein. A memory controller includes a mapping data control unit configured to interrupt generation of additional mapping data and generate dummy mapping data when an operation for a same address as a logical block address in the additional mapping data is performed during generation of the additional mapping data. The additional mapping data may include mapping information indicating a mapping relationship between the logical block address and the physical block address.)

1. A memory controller configured to control a memory device, the memory controller comprising:

a mapping data control unit configured to interrupt generation of additional mapping data and generate dummy mapping data when an operation for a same address as a logical block address in the additional mapping data is performed during the generation of the additional mapping data,

wherein the additional mapping data includes mapping information indicating a mapping relationship between a logical block address and a physical block address.

2. The memory controller of claim 1,

wherein the mapping data control unit receives an operation request for performing an operation other than an operation of generating mapping data,

wherein the operation request includes any one of a program request for controlling a program operation of the memory device and an erase request for controlling an erase operation of the memory device.

3. The memory controller of claim 2, wherein the mapping data control unit generates the dummy mapping data when the logical block address in the additional mapping data matches a logical block address corresponding to the operation request.

4. The memory controller according to claim 2, wherein when the logical block address in the additional mapping data is different from a logical block address corresponding to any one of the program request and the erase request, the mapping data control unit outputs the additional mapping data after the generation of the additional mapping data is completed.

5. The memory controller of claim 1, further comprising:

a request control unit configured to receive a request from a host, generate determination information including information on a logical block address corresponding to the request, and output the determination information to the mapping data control unit.

6. The memory controller according to claim 5, further comprising a thermal data information storage unit configured to output thermal data information related to an address received from the host a predetermined number of times or more to the host.

7. The memory controller of claim 6, wherein when the thermal data information is changed, the thermal data information storage unit outputs the changed thermal data information to the host and the request control unit.

8. The memory controller of claim 7,

wherein the mapping data control unit receives the thermal data information changed during the generation of the additional mapping data, and

wherein when the logical block address in the additional mapping data matches any one of logical block addresses in the changed thermal data information, the mapping data control unit interrupts the generation of the additional mapping data and generates the dummy mapping data.

9. The memory controller of claim 7,

wherein the mapping data control unit receives the thermal data information changed during the generation of the additional mapping data, and

wherein when the logical block address in the additional mapping data is different from any one of logical block addresses in the changed thermal data information, the mapping data control unit outputs the additional mapping data after the generation of the additional mapping data is completed.

10. The memory controller of claim 1,

wherein the mapping data control unit receives information about garbage collection operations performed by the memory device during the generation of the additional mapping data, and

wherein when the logical block address in the additional mapping data matches any one of logical block addresses corresponding to the information on the garbage collection operation, the mapping data control unit interrupts the generation of the additional mapping data and generates the dummy mapping data.

11. The memory controller according to claim 1, wherein the mapping data control unit interrupts the generation of the additional mapping data and generates the dummy mapping data when a state of the memory controller changes according to a priority of an operation performed by the memory controller during the generation of the additional mapping data.

12. A method of operating a memory controller configured to control a memory device, the method comprising:

generating additional mapping data;

receiving, during the generation of the additional mapping data, an operation request and a logical block address corresponding to the operation request; and

interrupting the generation of the additional mapping data based on the operation request and a logical block address corresponding to the operation request, and generating dummy mapping data,

wherein the additional mapping data includes mapping information indicating a mapping relationship between a logical block address and a physical block address.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein receiving the operation request and the logical block address corresponding to the operation request comprises: receiving any one of a program request for controlling a program operation of the memory device and an erase request for controlling an erase operation of the memory device.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein interrupting the generation of the additional mapping data and generating the dummy mapping data comprises: generating the dummy mapping data when a logical block address in the additional mapping data matches a logical block address corresponding to the operation request.

15. The method of claim 12, further comprising: outputting thermal data information regarding an address received from the host a predetermined number of times or more to the host.

16. The method of claim 15, further comprising: outputting the changed thermal data information when the thermal data information is changed.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein interrupting the generation of the additional mapping data and generating the dummy mapping data comprises:

receiving the thermal data information changed during the generation of the additional mapping data; and

when a logical block address in the additional mapping data matches any of the logical block addresses in the changed thermal data information, the generation of the additional mapping data is interrupted, and the dummy mapping data is generated.

18. The method of claim 12, wherein interrupting the generation of the additional mapping data and generating the dummy mapping data comprises:

receiving information about garbage collection operations performed by the memory device during the generation of the additional mapping data; and

when a logical block address in the additional mapping data matches any of logical block addresses corresponding to the information regarding the garbage collection operation, the generation of the additional mapping data is interrupted, and the dummy mapping data is generated.

19. The method of claim 12, wherein interrupting the generation of the additional mapping data and generating the dummy mapping data comprises: when a state of the memory controller changes according to a priority of an operation performed by the memory controller during the generation of the additional mapping data, the generation of the additional mapping data is interrupted, and the dummy mapping data is generated.

20. A memory device, comprising:

a memory device; and

a controller adapted to:

generating additional mapping data including mapping information indicating a mapping relationship between a logical block address from a host and a physical block address of the memory device;

detecting, during the generation of the additional mapping data, whether an operation request for the memory device corresponding to the logical block address is received from the host;

stopping the generation of the additional mapping data when it is detected that the operation request is received; and

generating dummy mapping data including invalid mapping data.

Technical Field

Various embodiments of the present disclosure relate generally to electronic devices and, more particularly, to memory controllers and methods of operating memory controllers.

Background

Typically, the storage device stores data under the control of a host device such as a computer, smart phone or smart tablet. Examples of the storage device may be classified into a device such as a Hard Disk Drive (HDD) that stores data in a magnetic disk and a device such as a Solid State Drive (SSD) or a memory card that stores data in a semiconductor memory (particularly, a nonvolatile memory) according to the type of the device provided to store data.

The memory device may include a memory device in which data is stored and a memory controller configured to store the data in the memory device. Memory devices can be classified into volatile memory and non-volatile memory. Representative examples of non-volatile memory may include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (prom), electrically programmable ROM (eprom), electrically erasable programmable ROM (eeprom), flash memory, phase change random access memory (PRAM), magnetic ram (mram), resistive ram (rram), and ferroelectric ram (fram).

Disclosure of Invention

Various embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a memory controller capable of generating mapping data with improved reliability, and a method of operating the same.

Embodiments of the present disclosure may provide a memory controller configured to control a memory device, the memory controller including a mapping data control unit configured to interrupt generation of additional mapping data when an operation for a same address as a logical block address in the additional mapping data is performed during generation of the additional mapping data, and to generate dummy mapping data, wherein the additional mapping data includes mapping information indicating a mapping relationship between the logical block address and a physical block address.

Embodiments of the present disclosure may provide a method of operating a memory controller configured to control a memory device, the method comprising: generating additional mapping data; receiving an operation request and a logical block address corresponding to the operation request during generation of the additional mapping data; and interrupting generation of additional mapping data based on the operation request and the logical block address corresponding to the operation request, and generating dummy mapping data, wherein the additional mapping data includes mapping information indicating a mapping relationship between the logical block address and the physical block address.

Embodiments of the present disclosure may provide a memory device comprising a memory device and a memory controller, the memory controller adapted to: generating additional mapping data including mapping information indicating a mapping relationship between logical block addresses from a host and physical block addresses of the memory device; detecting whether an operation request for the memory device corresponding to the logical block address is received from the host during generation of the additional mapping data; when it is detected that the operation request is received, generation of the additional mapping data is stopped, and dummy mapping data including invalid mapping data is generated.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a storage device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the memory controller of fig. 1 and a method of generating normal mapping data and additional mapping data according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 3A and 3B are block diagrams illustrating normal mapping data and additional mapping data according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating generating and storing dummy mapping data according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating a process of generating dummy mapping data according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating mapping data generated by the mapping data control unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating a process of generating dummy mapping data when a memory device performs a garbage collection operation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating a process of generating dummy mapping data when a memory controller is in a busy state according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating a process of generating dummy mapping data when thermal data information changes according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 10 is a block diagram illustrating a memory device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 11 is a diagram illustrating a memory cell array according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 12 is a circuit diagram illustrating a memory block according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 13 is a circuit diagram illustrating a memory block according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 14 is a diagram illustrating the operation of a memory controller according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 15 is a diagram illustrating the operation of a memory controller according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 16 is a diagram illustrating the operation of a memory controller according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 17 is a diagram illustrating an operation of a memory controller according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 18 is a diagram illustrating an operation of a memory controller according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 19 is a diagram illustrating the operation of a memory controller according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 20 is a diagram illustrating a memory controller according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 21 is a block diagram illustrating a memory card system including a storage device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 22 is a block diagram illustrating a Solid State Drive (SSD) system including a storage device according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

Fig. 23 is a block diagram illustrating a user system including a storage device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Detailed Description

The specific structural and functional descriptions of the embodiments of the present disclosure that are incorporated in this specification or application are intended to describe the embodiments of the present disclosure only. The description should not be construed as limited to the embodiments described in the specification or the application.

The present disclosure will now be described in detail based on examples. This disclosure may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein but should be construed to cover modifications, equivalents, or alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. It should be understood, however, that the description is not intended to limit the disclosure to those exemplary embodiments, and the disclosure is not intended to cover the exemplary embodiments but rather, to cover various alternatives, modifications, equivalents, and other embodiments, which may fall within the spirit and scope of the disclosure.

It will be understood that, although the terms "first," "second," etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first element discussed below could be termed a second element without departing from the teachings of the present disclosure. Similarly, a second element may also be referred to as a first element.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "coupled" or "connected" to another element, it can be directly coupled or connected to the other element or intervening elements may be present therebetween. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly coupled" or "directly connected" to another element, there are no intervening elements present. Other expressions describing a relationship between elements (e.g., "between...," directly between.. and "," adjacent to.. or "directly adjacent to..") should be interpreted in the same manner.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. In this disclosure, the singular forms are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes," "including," "has," "having," and the like, when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.

Unless defined otherwise, all terms including technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. It will be further understood that terms used herein should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of this specification and the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.

A detailed description of functions and configurations well known to those skilled in the art will be omitted so as not to obscure the subject matter of the present disclosure. This is intended to omit unnecessary description in order to make the subject matter of the present disclosure clear.

Various embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which preferred embodiments of the disclosure are shown, so that those skilled in the art can easily implement the technical ideas of the disclosure.

Fig. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a storage device 50 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Referring to fig. 1, a memory device 50 may include a memory device 100 and a memory controller 200.

The storage device 50 may be a device configured to store data under the control of a host 300, such as a cellular phone, a smart phone, an MP3 player, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a game console, a Television (TV), a tablet (PC), or a vehicle infotainment system.

The storage device 50 may be manufactured as any of various types of storage devices according to a host interface as a communication system for communicating with the host 300. For example, the data storage device 50 may be configured as any of various types of storage devices, such as SSD, MMC, eMMC, RS-MMC, or micro-MMC type multimedia cards, SD, mini-SD, micro-SD type secure digital cards, Universal Serial Bus (USB) storage devices, universal flash memory (UFS) devices, Personal Computer Memory Card International Association (PCMCIA) card type storage devices, Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) card type storage devices, PCI express (PCI-E) type storage devices, flash (CF) cards, smart media cards, and memory sticks.

The memory device 50 may be manufactured in any of various package types. For example, the storage device 50 may be manufactured in the form of any one of various package types, such as a Package On Package (POP) type, a System In Package (SIP) type, a System On Chip (SOC) type, a multi-chip package (MCP) type, a Chip On Board (COB) type, a wafer-level manufacturing package (WFP) type, and a wafer-level stack package (WSP) type.

The memory controller 200 may control the overall operation of the memory device 50.

When power is supplied to the storage device 50, the memory controller 200 may execute the firmware. In the case where the memory device 100 is a flash memory device, the memory controller 200 may execute firmware, such as a Flash Translation Layer (FTL), for controlling communication between the host 300 and the memory device 100.

Memory controller 200 may include a thermal data information storage unit 210. The thermal data information storage unit 210 may store thermal data information HD _ INF. The hot data information HD _ INF may include information on the logical block address LBA received from the host 300 a predetermined number of times or more. The hot data information HD _ INF may be updated each time it changes. Further, the hot data information HD _ INF may be periodically updated. Alternatively, the hot data information HD _ INF may be updated in response to a request of the host 300. When the hot data information HD _ INF is updated, the hot data information storage unit 210 may store the updated hot data information. Subsequently, the thermal data information storage unit 210 may provide the updated thermal data information to the host 300 and/or the request control unit 220.

In one embodiment, memory controller 200 may generate additional mapping data based on thermal data information HD _ INF. The additional mapping data may include normal mapping data and additional fields. The additional field may store the number of times the additional mapping data has been updated or data for error correction. Although the memory controller 200 may generate the additional mapping data in response to the additional mapping data request received from the host 300, the memory controller 200 may internally perform an operation of generating the additional mapping data without the additional mapping data request.

The memory controller 200 may include a request control unit 220. The request control unit 220 may receive a request from the host 300. The request may be any one of a normal map data request, an additional map data request, and an operation request.

In one embodiment, the normal map data request may be a request for generating normal map data. The normal mapping data may include mapping information indicating a mapping relationship between the logical block address LBA and the physical block address PBA. The additional mapping data request may be a request for generating additional mapping data. The additional mapping data may include mapping information indicating a mapping relationship between the logical block address LBA and the physical block address PBA, and an additional field. The operation request may be any one of a program request and an erase request for controlling the operation of the memory device 100.

The request control unit 220 may generate the determination information DC _ INF including the request received from the host 300 and information on the logical block address LBA corresponding to the request received from the host 300. The request of the host 300 may be a request for storing additional mapping data in the host memory 310.

The request control unit 220 may output the generated determination information DC _ INF to the mapping data control unit 230. The mapping data control unit 230 may generate mapping data based on the determination information DC _ INF.

The memory controller 200 may include a mapping data control unit 230. The mapping data control unit 230 may generate mapping data based on a request received from the host 300. In one embodiment, the request received from the host 300 may be an additional mapping data request or a normal mapping data request.

In various embodiments, when receiving a request from the host pc 300, the request control unit 220 may generate the determination information DC _ INF corresponding to the request. The determination information DC _ INF may be information for generating mapping data including the logical block address LBA corresponding to the request. When the mapping data control unit 230 receives the determination information DC _ INF, the mapping data control unit 230 may generate normal mapping data or additional mapping data.

In the case where the request received from the host 300 is a normal mapping data request, the mapping data control unit 230 may generate normal mapping data. The normal mapping data may include mapping information indicating a mapping relationship between the logical block address LBA and the physical block address PBA. The normal mapping data may not include an additional field.

In case that the request received from the host 300 is an additional mapping data request, the mapping data control unit 230 may generate additional mapping data. The additional mapping data may be mapping data including logical block addresses LBA corresponding to the thermal data information HD _ INF. The hot data information HD _ INF may include information on the logical block address LBA received from the host 300 a predetermined number of times or more. In one embodiment, memory controller 200 may determine thermal data information HD _ INF.

The memory controller 200 may include a delay determination unit 240. The delay determination unit 240 may detect whether generation of the mapping data to be generated by the memory controller 200 is delayed. The delay determination unit 240 may detect a change in the state of the memory controller 200 and output information for interrupting the generation of the mapping data by the mapping data control unit 230.

In various embodiments, the generation of the mapping data may be delayed when the memory controller 200 preferentially executes another command. In this case, the DELAY determination unit 240 may output the DELAY information DELAY _ INF to the mapping data control unit 230. When the mapping DATA control unit 230 receives the DELAY information DELAY _ INF, the mapping DATA control unit 230 may interrupt the generation of the mapping DATA and output the dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA to the host 300.

The memory device 100 may store data therein. The memory device 100 may operate under the control of the memory controller 200. The memory device 100 may include a memory cell array including a plurality of memory cells configured to store data therein. The memory cell array may include a plurality of memory blocks. Each memory block may include a plurality of memory cells. Each memory block may include a plurality of pages. In one embodiment, each page may be a unit of storing data in the memory device 100 or reading stored data from the memory device 100. Each memory block may be a unit of erase data.

In one embodiment, memory device 100 may be a double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), a low power double data rate 4(LPDDR4) SDRAM, a Graphics Double Data Rate (GDDR) SDRAM, a low power DDR (LPDDR), Rambus Dynamic Random Access Memory (RDRAM), NAND flash memory, vertical NAND flash memory, NOR flash memory devices, Resistive Random Access Memory (RRAM), phase change memory (PRAM), Magnetoresistive Random Access Memory (MRAM), Ferroelectric Random Access Memory (FRAM), or spin torque transfer random access memory (STT-RAM). In this specification, the memory device 100 is a NAND flash memory.

In one embodiment, the memory device 100 may be embodied as a three-dimensional array structure. The present disclosure can be applied not only to a flash memory in which a charge storage layer is formed of a conductive Floating Gate (FG) but also to a charge trap flash memory (CTF) in which a charge storage layer is formed of an insulating layer.

In one embodiment, each memory cell in memory device 100 may be formed of a Single Level Cell (SLC) capable of storing one bit of data. Alternatively, each memory cell included in the memory device 100 may be formed of a multi-level cell (MLC) capable of storing two-bit data, a three-level cell (TLC) capable of storing three-bit data, or a four-level cell (QLC) capable of storing four-bit data.

The memory device 100 may receive a command and an address from the memory controller 200 and access a region of the memory cell array selected by the address. The memory device 100 may perform an operation corresponding to the command on the area selected by the address. For example, the memory device 100 may perform a write (or program) operation, a read operation, and an erase operation. During a programming operation, the memory device 100 may program data to a region selected by an address. During a read operation, the memory device 100 may read data from an area selected by an address. During an erase operation, the memory device 100 may erase data from an area selected by an address.

The memory device 100 may perform a program operation or an erase operation using a set operation voltage under the control of the memory controller 200.

In one embodiment, the memory controller 200 may receive data and logical block addresses LBAs from the host 300. Further, the memory controller 200 may convert the logical block address LBA to a physical block address PBA indicating an address in which data is stored in a memory unit included in the memory device 100. In addition, the memory controller 200 may store mapping information indicating a mapping relationship between the logical block addresses LBA and the physical block addresses PBA in the buffer memory.

The memory controller 200 may control the memory device 100 to perform a program operation, a read operation, or an erase operation in response to a request from the host 300. During a programming operation, the memory controller 200 may provide a program command, a physical block address PBA, and data to the memory device 100. During a read operation, the memory controller 200 may provide a read command and a physical block address PBA to the memory device 100. During an erase operation, the memory controller 200 may provide an erase command and a physical block address PBA to the memory device 100.

In one embodiment, the memory controller 200 may autonomously generate and transmit program commands, addresses, and data to the memory device 100 without a request from the host 300. For example, the memory controller 200 may provide commands, addresses, and data to the memory device 100 to perform background operations (such as programming operations for wear leveling and programming operations for garbage collection).

In one embodiment, the memory controller 200 may control at least two or more memory devices 100. In this case, the memory controller 200 may control the memory device 100 in an interleaved manner in order to enhance the operation performance.

The host 300 may communicate with the storage device 50 using AT least one of various communication methods, such as Universal Serial Bus (USB), serial AT attachment (SATA), serial attached SCSI (sas), high speed inter-chip (HSIC), Small Computer System Interface (SCSI), Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI), PCI express (PCIe), non-volatile memory express (NVMe), universal flash memory (UFS), Secure Digital (SD), multimedia card (MMC), embedded MMC (emmc), dual in-line memory module (DIMM), registered DIMM (rdimm), and reduced load DIMM (lrdimm) communication methods.

Host 300 may include host memory 310. The host memory 310 may store the mapping data received from the mapping data control unit 230. The mapping data received from the mapping data control unit 230 may be additional mapping data.

When outputting a read request, the host 300 may output additional mapping data along with the read request. The read request may be a read request for particular data stored in the memory device 100. The additional mapping data may include mapping data corresponding to the read request. When the host 300 outputs the additional mapping data to the memory controller 200, the memory controller 200 may determine whether to use the additional mapping data. The memory controller 200 may determine whether to use the additional mapping data based on data in an additional field of the additional mapping data.

Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a memory controller (e.g., the memory controller 200 of fig. 1) and a method of generating normal mapping data and additional mapping data according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Referring to fig. 2, the memory controller 200 may include a thermal data information storage unit 210, a request control unit 220, and a mapping data control unit 230. In fig. 2, note that the delay determination unit 240 in the memory controller 200 is omitted.

The thermal data information storage unit 210 may store thermal data information HD _ INF. The thermal data information HD _ INF may include information on the access frequency of the host 300 and the memory controller 200. In one embodiment, the thermal data information HD _ INF may include information on the logical block address LBA received from the host 300 a predetermined number of times or more.

The hot data information HD _ INF may be updated each time it changes. The hot data information HD _ INF may be determined according to the number of times the same logical block address LBA has been received from the host 300. The thermal data information HD _ INF may change when the number of times the same logical block address LBA has been received increases or decreases. The hot data information HD _ INF may be updated periodically. Alternatively, the hot data information HD _ INF may be updated in response to a request of the host 300.

When the hot data information HD _ INF is updated, the hot data information storage unit 210 may store the updated hot data information. Subsequently, the thermal data information storage unit 210 may provide the updated thermal data information to the host 300 and/or the request control unit 220.

In fig. 2, the hot data information HD _ INF has not been updated.

The thermal data information storage unit 210 can output the thermal data information HD _ INF to the host 300 ((r)). The host 300 can output a request (②) to the request control unit 220 based on the thermal data information HD _ INF. The host 300 may output a request for generating mapping data including the logical block address LBA in the thermal data information HD _ INF. The request for generating mapping data including the logical block address LBA in the hot data information HD _ INF may be an additional mapping data request.

In one embodiment, the host 300 may output a request (c) for generating mapping data including logical block addresses LBA other than the logical block addresses LBA in the hot data information HD _ INF to the request control unit 220. The request for generating the mapping data including the logical block address other than the logical block address LBA in the hot data information HD _ INF may be a normal mapping data request.

The request control unit 220 may output the determination information DC _ INF based on the request received from the host 300 ((c)). In various embodiments, the request control unit 220 may generate the determination information DC _ INF including information about the request received from the host 300 and the logical block address LBA corresponding to the request received from the host 300.

The request received from the host 300 may be any one of a normal mapping data request and an additional mapping data request. The decision information DC _ INF may include information on the type of the request received from the host 300 and the logical block address LBA corresponding to the request.

In various embodiments, when the request received from the host 300 is a normal mapping data request, the request control unit 220 may generate the determination information DC _ INF including the logical block address LBA corresponding to the normal mapping data request. When the request received from the host 300 is an additional mapping data request, the request control unit 220 may generate the determination information DC _ INF including the logical block address LBA corresponding to the additional mapping data request. The request control unit 220 may output the determination information DC _ INF to the mapping data control unit 230.

In one embodiment, the request control unit 220 may output the determination information DC _ INF based on the thermal data information HD _ INF stored in the thermal data information storage unit 210 without receiving a request from the host 300. The request control unit 220 may perform an operation of internally generating additional mapping data in the memory controller 200 based on the thermal data information HD _ INF, regardless of the request of the host 300. In this case, the request control unit 220 may generate the determination information DC _ INF including the logical block address LBA required to generate the additional mapping data.

The Mapping DATA control unit 230 may generate Mapping DATA Mapping _ DATA based on the determination information DC _ INF received from the request control unit 220.

In one embodiment, when it is determined that the logical block address in the information DC _ INF is a logical block address corresponding to a normal mapping data request, the mapping data control unit 230 may generate normal mapping data. The mapping data generated by the mapping data control unit 230 based on the determination information DC _ INF may be normal mapping data. The normal mapping data may be mapping data including logical block addresses other than the logical block address LBA in the hot data information HD _ INF.

The normal mapping data may include mapping information indicating a mapping relationship between the logical block address LBA and the physical block address PBA. The normal mapping data may not include an additional field.

In one embodiment, when it is determined that the logical block address LBA in the information DC _ INF is a logical block address corresponding to the additional mapping data request, the mapping data control unit 230 may generate additional mapping data. The mapping data generated by the mapping data control unit 230 based on the determination information DC _ INF may be additional mapping data. The additional mapping data may be mapping data including the logical block address LBA in the thermal data information HD _ INF.

The additional mapping data may include mapping information indicating a mapping relationship between the logical block address LBA and the physical block address PBA, and an additional field. The number of times the additional mapping data has been updated or data for error correction may be stored in an additional field.

When the mapping data control unit 230 generates additional mapping data, the mapping data control unit 230 may output the additional mapping data to the host pc 300 (r). Accordingly, the Mapping DATA Mapping _ DATA output from the Mapping DATA control unit 230 may be additional Mapping DATA.

When additional mapping data corresponding to the additional mapping data request received from the host pc 300 is generated, the mapping data control unit 230 may output the additional mapping data to the host pc 300. In contrast, when normal mapping data corresponding to a normal mapping data request received from the host pc 300 is generated, the mapping data control unit 230 may not output the normal mapping data to the host pc 300. The host 300 may store additional mapping data received from the mapping data control unit 230 in the host memory 310.

In one embodiment, the mapping data control unit 230 may generate additional mapping data without an additional mapping data request from the host 300. Additional mapping data may be generated based on the thermal data information HD _ INF.

Although the mapping data control unit 230 may generate additional mapping data according to the determination information DC _ INF generated based on the request received from the host pc 300, the mapping data control unit 230 may generate additional mapping data based on the thermal data information HD _ INF stored in the thermal data information storage unit 210. When the mapping data control unit 230 generates additional mapping data without a request of the host 300, the mapping data control unit 230 may output the additional mapping data to the host 300.

Fig. 3A and 3B are block diagrams illustrating normal mapping data and additional mapping data according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Referring to fig. 3A and 3B, the mapping data may be generated by the memory controller 200 in response to a request of the host 300. The type of the mapping data may be any one of normal mapping data and additional mapping data. Fig. 3A illustrates one example of normal mapping data, and fig. 3B illustrates one example of additional mapping data.

Referring to fig. 3A, normal map data may be generated in response to a normal map data request of the host 300. The normal mapping data may include mapping information indicating a mapping relationship between the logical block address LBA and the physical block address PBA. The normal mapping data may not include an additional field.

The first and second Mapping DATA Mapping _ DATA1 and 2 may be normal Mapping DATA. The Mapping DATA control unit 230 of fig. 2 may generate the first Mapping DATA Mapping _ DATA1 and the second Mapping DATA Mapping _ DATA2 based on the normal Mapping DATA request received from the host 300. In one embodiment, the number of normal mapping data generated by the mapping data control unit 230 may be increased.

Each of the first Mapping DATA Mapping _ DATA1 and the second Mapping DATA Mapping _ DATA2 may include Mapping information indicating a Mapping relationship between a logical block address LBA and a physical block address PBA. In one embodiment, the first Mapping DATA Mapping _ DATA1 may include Mapping information indicating a Mapping relationship between the first logical block address LBA1 and the first physical block address PBA 1. The second Mapping DATA Mapping _ DATA2 may include Mapping information indicating a Mapping relationship between the second logical block address LBA2 and the second physical block address PBA 2.

Referring to fig. 3B, additional mapping data may be generated in response to an additional mapping data request of the host 300. The additional mapping data request may be received from the host 300 based on the hot data information HD _ INF received from the hot data information storage unit 210. The additional mapping data request may be a request for generating additional mapping data.

The mapping data control unit 230 may generate additional mapping data including the logical block address LBA in the hot data information HD _ INF based on the additional mapping data request. The additional mapping data may include mapping information indicating a mapping relationship between the logical block address LBA and the physical block address PBA, and an additional field. The normal mapping data may include mapping information indicating a mapping relationship between the logical block address LBA and the physical block address PBA. The additional mapping data may be data including normal mapping data and additional field information.

Additional mapping data may be output to the host 300. The host 300 may store the additional mapping data in the host memory 310. Thereafter, the host 300 may output the operation request and additional mapping data corresponding to the operation request to the memory controller 200. The memory controller 200 may control an operation to be performed in the memory device 100 based on the operation request and additional mapping data corresponding to the operation request.

In one embodiment, the third Mapping DATA Mapping _ DATA3 and the fourth Mapping DATA Mapping _ DATA4 may be additional Mapping DATA. The Mapping DATA control unit 230 may generate the third Mapping DATA Mapping _ DATA3 and the fourth Mapping DATA Mapping _ DATA4 based on the additional Mapping DATA request received from the host 300. In one embodiment, the number of additional mapping data generated by the mapping data control unit 230 may be increased.

Each of the third Mapping DATA Mapping _ DATA3 and the fourth Mapping DATA Mapping _ DATA4 may include Mapping information indicating a Mapping relationship between a logical block address LBA and a physical block address PBA, and additional fields k3, k 4. Each of the third Mapping DATA Mapping _ DATA3 and the fourth Mapping DATA Mapping _ DATA4 may include normal Mapping DATA and additional fields.

The third Mapping DATA Mapping _ DATA3 may include Mapping information indicating a Mapping relationship between the third logical block address LBA3 and the third physical block address PBA3, and an additional field k 3. The fourth Mapping DATA Mapping _ DATA4 may include Mapping information indicating a Mapping relationship between the fourth logical block address LBA4 and the fourth physical block address PBA4, and an additional field k 4. Each of the additional fields k3 and k4 in the third Mapping DATA Mapping _ DATA3 and the fourth Mapping DATA Mapping _ DATA4 may store the number of times the additional Mapping DATA has been updated or DATA for error correction.

In one embodiment, in the case where the number of times the additional mapping data has been updated is stored in the additional field, the mapping data control unit 230 may determine the mapping data to be output to the memory device 100 based on the data stored in the additional field. In one embodiment, in a case where data to be used for correcting an error in the additional mapping data is included in the additional field, the memory controller 200 may perform an operation of correcting an error that has occurred in the additional mapping data based on the data stored in the additional field.

Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating generation and storage of dummy mapping data according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Referring to fig. 4, the memory controller 200 may include a mapping data control unit 230. In fig. 4, the thermal data information storage unit 210, the request control unit 220, and the delay determination unit 240 included in the memory controller 200 are omitted. Memory controller 200 may receive requests and data from host 300. The request received from the host 300 may be an additional mapping data request. The memory controller 200 may generate a command for instructing execution of a request received from the host 300 and output the command to a memory device (not shown). The memory controller 200 may output the data to a memory device (not shown) along with the command.

The mapping data control unit 230 may generate additional mapping data in response to an additional mapping data request received from the host 300 or without receiving an additional mapping data request from the host 300. The mapping data control unit 230 may generate additional mapping data based on the hot data information HD _ INF received from the hot data information storage unit 210 without receiving a request from the host pc 300.

When the memory controller 200 receives a request from the host 300 during the generation of the additional mapping DATA, the mapping DATA control unit 230 may interrupt the generation of the additional mapping DATA and generate meaningless dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA. The mapping DATA control unit 230 may output the dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA to the host 300. Accordingly, dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA instead of the additional mapping DATA may be stored in the host memory 310.

In one embodiment, during the generation of the additional mapping data, the mapping data control unit 230 may perform an internal operation related to the logical block address LBA in the additional mapping data. The internal operation related to the logical block address LBA in the additional mapping data may be a Garbage Collection (GC) operation or a Wear Leveling (WL) operation. Examples of the internal operation related to the logical block address LBA in the additional mapping data may include not only the foregoing operation but also various other operations. In this case, the mapping DATA control unit 230 may generate dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA. The mapping DATA control unit 230 may output the dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA to the host 300.

The dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA may not include mapping information. In other words, the dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA may include meaningless mapping DATA. Accordingly, the dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA may include invalid mapping information. The size of the dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA may be the same as that of the additional mapping DATA.

In various embodiments, the mapping data control unit 230 may start generating additional mapping data based on an additional mapping data request received from the host 300 or the thermal data information HD _ INF received from the thermal data information storage unit 210. During the generation of the additional mapping data, the memory controller 200 may receive an operation request and a logical block address corresponding to the operation request from the host 300.

When the logical block address in the additional mapping data being generated by the mapping data control unit 230 matches the logical block address corresponding to the operation request received from the host 300, the mapping data control unit 230 may interrupt the generation of the additional mapping data. The mapping DATA control unit 230 may interrupt the generation of the additional mapping DATA and generate the dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA. The mapping DATA control unit 230 may output the dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA to the host 300. The host 300 may store the dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA received from the mapping DATA control unit 230 in the host memory 310.

During the generation of the additional mapping data, when the mapping data control unit 230 receives an operation request and a logical block address corresponding to the operation request from the host 300, the additional mapping data generated by the mapping data control unit 230 may no longer be valid. When the additional mapping data is invalid, the mapping data control unit 230 may interrupt the generation of the additional mapping data because the additional mapping data does not need to be generated.

Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating a process of generating dummy mapping data according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Referring to fig. 5, the memory controller 200 may include a request control unit 220 and a mapping data control unit 230. In fig. 5, the thermal data information storage unit 210 and the delay determination unit 240 included in the memory controller 200 are omitted.

When the request control unit 220 receives a request from the host 300 during the generation of the additional mapping DATA, the mapping DATA control unit 230 may interrupt the generation of the additional mapping DATA and generate meaningless dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA based on the determination information DC _ INF received from the request control unit 220. The mapping DATA control unit 230 may output the dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA to the host 300. Accordingly, dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA instead of the additional mapping DATA may be stored in the host memory 310.

In various embodiments, the mapping data control unit 230 may start generating additional mapping data based on an additional mapping data request received from the host 300. During the generation of the additional mapping data, the memory controller 200 may receive the operation request OP _ REQ and the logical block address corresponding to the operation request OP _ REQ from the host 300. In one embodiment, the request control unit 220 may receive a logical block address corresponding to the operation request OP _ REQ and the operation request OP _ REQ. The operation request OP _ REQ may be any one of a program request PGM _ REQ and an erase request ERA _ REQ for controlling the operation of the memory device 100. The request control unit 220 may output a command CMD and an address ADDR based on the operation request OP _ REQ received from the host 300.

In one embodiment, the operation request OP _ REQ may be a program request PGM _ REQ. Accordingly, during the generation of the additional mapping data, the request control unit 220 may receive the program request PGM _ REQ and the logical block address LBA (r) corresponding to the program request PGM _ REQ from the host 300. The request control unit 220 may output the program command PGM _ CMD and the program address PGM _ ADDR to the memory device 100 (c) based on the program request PGM _ REQ received from the host 300 and the logical block address corresponding to the program request PGM _ REQ. The program address PGM _ ADDR may be a physical block address PBA having a mapping relationship with the logical block address LBA corresponding to the program request PGM _ REQ.

The request control unit 220 may generate the determination information DC _ INF including information about the program request PGM _ REQ received from the host 300 and information of the logical block address LBA corresponding to the program request PGM _ REQ. The request control unit 220 may output the generated determination information DC _ INF to the mapping data control unit 230 ((c)). The determination information DC _ INF may include information that determines whether a request received from the host 300 is a request for generating mapping data or a request for controlling an operation performed by the memory device 100. In addition, the determination information DC _ INF may include information on the logical block address LBA having a mapping relationship with the program address PGM _ ADDR.

In one embodiment, the operation request OP _ REQ may be an erase request ERA _ REQ. Accordingly, during the generation of the additional mapping data, the request control unit 220 may receive the erase request ERA _ REQ and the logical block address (r) corresponding to the erase request ERA _ REQ from the host 300. The request control unit 220 may output an erase command ERA _ CMD and an erase address ERA _ ADDR to the memory device 100 (c) based on the erase request ERA _ REQ received from the host 300 and the logical block address corresponding to the erase request ERA _ REQ. The erase address ERA _ ADDR may be a physical block address having a mapping relation with a logical block address corresponding to the erase request ERA _ REQ. Accordingly, the memory device 100 may perform an erase operation based on the erase command ERA _ CMD and the erase address ERA _ ADDR received from the request control unit 220.

In one embodiment, the request control unit 220 may generate the determination information DC _ INF including information on the erase request ERA _ REQ received from the host 300 and information of a logical block address corresponding to the erase request ERA _ REQ. The request control unit 220 may output the generated determination information DC _ INF to the mapping data control unit 230 ((c)). The determination information DC _ INF may include information that determines whether a request received from the host 300 is a request for generating mapping data or a request for controlling an operation performed by the memory device 100. Further, the determination information DC _ INF may include information on a logical block address having a mapping relation with the erase address ERA _ ADDR.

The mapping data control unit 230 may receive the determination information DC _ INF from the request control unit 220. The mapping data control unit 230 may receive the determination information DC _ INF during the generation of the additional mapping data. When the mapping data control unit 230 receives the decision information DC _ INF, it may be determined whether a logical block address in the additional mapping data generated by the mapping data control unit 230 matches a logical block address received from the host 300 and corresponding to the program request PGM _ REQ or the erase request ERA _ REQ.

When the logical block address in the additional mapping data being generated by the mapping data control unit 230 matches the logical block address corresponding to the program request PGM _ REQ or the erase request ERA _ REQ, the mapping data control unit 230 may interrupt the generation of the additional mapping data. The mapping DATA control unit 230 may interrupt the generation of the additional mapping DATA and generate the dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA. The mapping DATA control unit 230 may output the dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA to the host 300 (r). The host 300 may store the dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA received from the mapping DATA control unit 230 in the host memory 310.

In one embodiment, when the logical block address in the additional mapping data being generated by the mapping data control unit 230 is different from the logical block address corresponding to the program request PGM _ REQ or the erase request ERA _ REQ, the mapping data control unit 230 may not interrupt the generation of the additional mapping data. Accordingly, after the generation of the additional mapping data is completed, the mapping data control unit 230 may output the additional mapping data to the host pc 300. The host 300 may store additional mapping data received from the mapping data control unit 230 in the host memory 310.

Therefore, when the mapping data control unit 230 receives the program request PGM _ REQ or the erase request ERA _ REQ from the host 300 during the generation of the additional mapping data, the additional mapping data generated by the mapping data control unit 230 may no longer be valid. When a program operation or an erase operation is performed on the memory device 100 in response to the program request PGM _ REQ or the erase request ERA _ REQ received from the host 300, the mapping relationship between the logical block addresses and the physical block addresses may be removed. Therefore, the additional mapping data generated by the mapping data control unit 230 may be invalid. The mapping data control unit 230 may interrupt the generation of the additional mapping data because it is not necessary to generate invalid additional mapping data.

The mapping DATA control unit 230 may interrupt the generation of the additional mapping DATA and generate the dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA. The mapping DATA control unit 230 may generate dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA instead of the additional mapping DATA. Further, since the mapping DATA control unit 230 transmits the dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA to the host 300, the host 300 may not transmit a request based on the error mapping DATA to the memory controller 200.

Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating mapping data generated by a mapping data control unit (e.g., the mapping data control unit 230 of fig. 2) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Referring to fig. 6, the mapping data may be generated by the mapping data control unit 230. The type of the mapping data may be any one of normal mapping data, additional mapping data, and dummy mapping data. Different types of mapping data may include different types of information.

The normal mapping data may be generated in response to a normal mapping data request of the host 300. The normal mapping data may include mapping information indicating a mapping relationship between the logical block address LBA and the physical block address PBA. The normal mapping data may not include an additional field. The normal mapping data may not be output to the host pc 300.

In one embodiment, the first and second Mapping DATA Mapping _ DATA1 and 2 may be normal Mapping DATA. Each of the first Mapping DATA Mapping _ DATA1 and the second Mapping DATA Mapping _ DATA2 may include Mapping information indicating a Mapping relationship between a logical block address LBA and a physical block address PBA.

The additional mapping data may be generated in response to an additional mapping data request of the host 300. The additional mapping data may include mapping information indicating a mapping relationship between the logical block address LBA and the physical block address PBA, and an additional field. In other words, the additional mapping data may be data including normal mapping data and additional field information.

In one embodiment, the third Mapping DATA Mapping _ DATA3 and the fourth Mapping DATA Mapping _ DATA4 may be additional Mapping DATA. Each of the third Mapping DATA Mapping _ DATA3 and the fourth Mapping DATA Mapping _ DATA4 may include Mapping information indicating a Mapping relationship between a logical block address LBA and a physical block address PBA, and additional fields k3, k4, as shown in fig. 3B. The number of times the additional mapping data has been updated or data for error correction may be stored in an additional field.

When the mapping data control unit 230 receives an operation request from the host 300 during the generation of the additional mapping data, dummy mapping data may be generated. In various embodiments, the dummy mapping data may be generated when a logical block address in the additional mapping data being generated matches a logical block address corresponding to the operation request. The dummy mapping data may include meaningless mapping data.

In one embodiment, the first dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA1 and the second dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA2 may not include mapping information. The first dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA1 and the second dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA2 may include invalid mapping information. Further, the size of each of the first dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA1 and the second dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA2 may be the same as the size of the additional mapping DATA. Accordingly, the mapping data control unit 230 may output dummy mapping data having the same size as the additional mapping data to the host 300. The host 300 may store the dummy mapping data in the host memory 310.

Fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating a process of generating dummy mapping data when a memory device (e.g., the memory device 100 of fig. 1) performs a garbage collection operation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Referring to fig. 7, the memory controller 200 may include a request control unit 220 and a mapping data control unit 230. In fig. 7, the thermal data information storage unit 210 and the delay determination unit 240 included in the memory controller 200 are omitted.

Garbage collection may be performed by firmware (not shown) included in the memory controller 200. The memory controller 200 may perform a garbage collection operation to ensure free blocks. The garbage collection operation may be an operation of moving valid page data of one memory block to another memory block and erasing the one memory block.

After the garbage collection operation is completed, the memory device 100 may output the garbage collection information GC _ INF (r). The garbage collection information GC _ INF may include information on the physical block addresses on which the garbage collection operation is completed and on which the garbage collection operation has been performed. The garbage collection information GC _ INF may include mapping information between physical block addresses (i.e., physical-to-physical (P2P) mapping information). The request control unit 220 may receive garbage collection information GC _ INF from the memory device 100.

When the garbage collection information GC _ INF is received, the request control unit 220 may generate the determination information DC _ INF regarding logical block addresses having a mapping relationship with corresponding physical block addresses in the garbage collection information GC _ INF. The request control unit 220 may output the determination information DC _ INF to the mapping data control unit 230 (c).

The mapping data control unit 230 may receive the determination information DC _ INF from the request control unit 220 during the generation of additional mapping data in response to an additional mapping data request of the host 300. When the logical block address in the additional mapping data being generated by the mapping data control unit 230 matches the logical block address in the determination information DC _ INF, the mapping data control unit 230 may interrupt the generation of the additional mapping data. The mapping DATA control unit 230 may interrupt the generation of the additional mapping DATA and generate dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA ((c)). The host 300 may store the dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA received from the mapping DATA control unit 230 in the host memory 310.

The dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA may not include mapping information. The dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA may include meaningless mapping DATA. Accordingly, the dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA may include invalid mapping information. The size of the dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA may be the same as that of the additional mapping DATA.

In one embodiment, when the logical block address in the additional mapping data being generated by the mapping data control unit 230 is different from the logical block address in the determination information DC _ INF, the mapping data control unit 230 may generate the additional mapping data. The mapping data control unit 230 may not interrupt the generation of the additional mapping data. After the generation of the additional mapping data is completed, the mapping data control unit 230 may output the additional mapping data to the host pc 300. The host 300 may store the additional mapping data in the host memory 310.

Therefore, during the generation of the additional mapping data, when the mapping data control unit 230 receives the determination information DC _ INF generated based on the garbage collection information GC _ INF from the request control unit 220, the additional mapping data generated by the mapping data control unit 230 may no longer be valid. In the case where a garbage collection operation is performed on the memory device 100, the mapping relationship between the logical block addresses and the physical block addresses may be changed. Accordingly, the mapping data control unit 230 may interrupt the generation of the additional mapping data because the additional mapping data does not need to be generated.

Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating a process of generating dummy mapping data when a memory controller (e.g., memory controller 200 of fig. 1) is in a busy state according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Referring to fig. 8, the memory controller 200 may include a mapping data control unit 230 and a delay determination unit 240. In fig. 8, the thermal data information storage unit 210 and the request control unit 220 included in the memory controller 200 are omitted.

The delay determination unit 240 may detect a state change of the memory controller 200. The change of state of the memory controller 200 may be determined based on a priority of operations to be performed by the memory controller 200. In the case where the memory controller 200 cannot generate additional mapping data because the memory controller 200 is performing another operation, the delay determination unit 240 may determine that the state of the memory controller 200 has changed.

When the state change of the memory controller 200 is detected, the DELAY determination unit 240 may output the DELAY information DELAY _ INF to the mapping data control unit 230. The DELAY information DELAY _ INF may indicate that the additional mapping data may not be generated or delayed to be generated to perform an operation having a higher priority than an operation of generating the additional mapping data.

The mapping data control unit 230 may receive the DELAY information DELAY _ INF from the DELAY determination unit 240 during the generation of the additional mapping data. When the mapping data control unit 230 receives the DELAY information DELAY _ INF, the mapping data control unit 230 may interrupt the generation of the additional mapping data. The mapping DATA control unit 230 may interrupt the generation of the additional mapping DATA, and may generate the dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA and output the dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA to the host 300.

The dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA may be generated by using a random DATA generator included in the mapping DATA control unit 230. The dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA may not include mapping information. The dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA may include meaningless mapping DATA. Accordingly, the dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA may include invalid mapping information. The size of the dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA may be the same as that of the additional mapping DATA.

The host 300 may store the dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA received from the mapping DATA control unit 230 in the host memory 310.

Accordingly, when the mapping data control unit 230 receives the DELAY information DELAY _ INF from the DELAY determination unit 240 during the generation of the additional mapping data, the mapping data control unit 230 may interrupt the generation of the additional mapping data according to the operation priority of the memory controller 200. Therefore, the mapping data control unit 230 may not generate additional mapping data.

The mapping DATA control unit 230 may generate dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA instead of the additional mapping DATA. Further, since the mapping DATA control unit 230 transmits the dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA to the host 300, the host 300 may not transmit a request based on the error mapping DATA to the memory controller 200.

Fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating a process of generating dummy mapping data when thermal data information changes according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Referring to fig. 9, the memory controller 200 may include a thermal data information storage unit 210, a request control unit 220, and a mapping data control unit 230. In fig. 9, the delay determination unit 240 in the memory controller 200 is omitted.

The thermal data information storage unit 210 may store thermal data information HD _ INF. The hot data information HD _ INF may include information on the logical block address LBA received from the host 300 a predetermined number of times or more.

The thermal data information storage unit 210 may output the stored first thermal data information HD _ INF to the host 300 ((r)). The first hot data information HD _ INF1 may be hot data information to be first output to the host 300.

The host 300 may output a request to the request control unit 220 based on the thermal data information HD _ INF1 (②). Host 300 may output a request to memory controller 200 regarding the logical block address in thermal data information HD _ INF 1. The request for generating mapping data comprising logical block addresses in the hot data information HD _ INF1 may be an additional mapping data request. Thus, the request of the host 300 output based on the hot data information HD _ INF1 may be an additional mapping data request.

When receiving an additional mapping data request from the host pc 300, the request control unit 220 may generate determination information DC _ INF for generating additional mapping data. The determination information DC _ INF may include information on a request received from the host 300 and information on a logical block address in the hot data information HD _ INF 1. When the determination information DC _ INF is received from the request control unit 220, the mapping data control unit 230 may generate additional mapping data including the logical block address in the determination information DC _ INF. The mapping data control unit 230 may output the additional mapping data to the host pc 300. The host 300 may store additional mapping data received from the mapping data control unit 230 in the host memory 310.

In one embodiment, request control unit 220 may output determination information DC _ INF based on first thermal data information HD _ INF1 stored in thermal data information storage unit 210 without receiving a request from host 300. The request control unit 220 may perform an operation of internally generating additional mapping data in the memory controller 200 based on the hot data information HD _ INF1, regardless of the request of the host 300. In this case, the request control unit 220 may generate the determination information DC _ INF including the logical block address LBA required to generate the additional mapping data.

When the mapping data control unit 230 generates additional mapping data, the hot data information HD _ INF may be updated. The hot data information HD _ INF may be updated each time it changes. Further, the hot data information HD _ INF may be periodically updated. Alternatively, the hot data information HD _ INF may be updated in response to a request of the host 300. When the hot data information HD _ INF is updated, the hot data information storage unit 210 may store the updated hot data information HD _ INF. Subsequently, the thermal data information storage unit 210 may provide the updated thermal data information to the host 300 and/or the request control unit 220.

When the hot data information HD _ INF changes, the first hot data information HD _ INF1 may be updated to the second hot data information HD _ INF 2. Therefore, the logical block address in the second hot data information HD _ INF2 may be different from the logical block address in the first hot data information HD _ INF 1. The thermal data information storage unit 210 may store the second thermal data information HD _ INF 2. Thermal data information storage unit 210 may provide second thermal data information HD _ INF2 to host 300 and/or request control unit 220.

Request control unit 220 may receive updated second hot data information HD _ INF2 from hot data information storage unit 210 ((c)). The request control unit 220 may generate the determination information DC _ INF including information on the logical block address in the second hot data information HD _ INF 2. The determination information DC _ INF generated by the request control unit 220 may be output to the mapping data control unit 230 (r).

The mapping data control unit 230 may receive the determination information DC _ INF from the request control unit 220 during the generation of the additional mapping data. The decision information DC _ INF may include information on the logical block address in the second hot data information HD _ INF 2. When the mapping data control unit 230 receives the determination information DC _ INF, the mapping data control unit 230 may determine whether or not the logical block address in the additional mapping data being generated matches any one of the logical block addresses included in the determination information DC _ INF.

When the logical block address in the additional mapping data being generated matches any one of the logical block addresses included in the determination information DC _ INF, the mapping data control unit 230 may interrupt the generation of the additional mapping data. The mapping DATA control unit 230 may interrupt the generation of the additional mapping DATA and generate the dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA. The mapping DATA control unit 230 may output the dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA to the host 300(s). The host 300 may store the dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA in the host memory 310.

In one embodiment, the mapping data control unit 230 may generate the additional mapping data when a logical block address in the additional mapping data being generated is different from a logical block address in the determination information DC _ INF. The mapping data control unit 230 may not interrupt the generation of the additional mapping data. After the generation of the additional mapping data is completed, the mapping data control unit 230 may output the additional mapping data to the host pc 300. The host 300 may store the additional mapping data in the host memory 310.

Therefore, during the generation of the additional mapping data, when the mapping data control unit 230 receives the determination information DC _ INF generated based on the updated hot data information HD _ INF from the request control unit 220, the additional mapping data generated by the mapping data control unit 230 may no longer be valid. When the hot data information HD _ INF is updated, it is not necessary to generate additional mapping data including logical block addresses excluded from the hot data information HD _ INF. Accordingly, the mapping data control unit 230 may interrupt the generation of the additional mapping data because the additional mapping data does not need to be generated.

Fig. 10 is a block diagram illustrating a memory device (e.g., memory device 100 of fig. 1) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Referring to fig. 10, the memory device 100 may include a memory cell array 110 and a peripheral circuit 120. Peripheral circuit 120 may include an address decoder 121, a voltage generator 122, a read and write (read/write) circuit 123, a data input and output (input/output) circuit 124, and control logic 125.

Memory cell array 110 may include a plurality of memory blocks BLK1 through BLKz. Memory blocks BLK1 through BLKz are connected to address decoder 121 through row lines RL and to read/write circuit 123 through bit lines BL1 through BLm. Each of the memory blocks BLK1 through BLKz may include a plurality of memory cells. In one embodiment, the plurality of memory cells may be non-volatile memory cells.

The plurality of memory cells in the memory cell array 110 may be divided into a plurality of blocks according to the purpose of use. System information such as various setting information required to control the memory device 100 may be stored in a plurality of blocks.

Each of the first to z-th memory blocks BLK1 to BLKz includes a plurality of memory cell strings. The first through mth cell strings are coupled to first through mth bit lines BL1 through BLm, respectively. Each of the first through m-th cell strings includes a drain select transistor, a plurality of memory cells coupled in series to each other, and a source select transistor. The drain select transistor DST is coupled to a drain select line DSL. The first to nth memory cells are coupled to the first to nth word lines, respectively. The source select transistor SST is coupled to a source select line SSL. The drain of the drain select transistor DST is coupled to a corresponding bit line. The drain select transistors DST of the first through mth cell strings are coupled to first through mth bit lines BL1 through BLm, respectively. The source of the source select transistor SST is coupled to a common source line CSL. In one embodiment, the common source line CSL may be commonly coupled to the first through z-th memory blocks BLK1 through BLKz. The drain select line DSL, the first to nth word lines WL1 to WLn, and the source select line SSL are included in the row line RL. The drain select line DSL, the first to nth word lines WL1 to WLn, and the source select line SSL are controlled by the address decoder 121. The common source line CSL is controlled by control logic 125. The first bit line BL1 to the mth bit line BLm are controlled by the read/write circuit 123.

Address decoder 121 is coupled to memory cell array 110 by row lines RL. Address decoder 121 may operate under the control of control logic 125. Address decoder 121 receives address ADDR through control logic 125.

In one embodiment, the program operation and the read operation of the memory device 100 may be performed on a page basis.

During a program operation or a read operation, the address ADDR received by the control logic 125 may include a block address and a row address. The address decoder 121 may decode a block address among the received addresses ADDR. The address decoder 121 may select a corresponding one of the memory blocks BLK1 through BLKz in response to the decoded block address.

The address decoder 121 may decode a row address in the received address ADDR. In response to the decoded row address, the address decoder 121 may apply a voltage supplied from the voltage generator 122 to the row line RL and select one word line of the selected memory block.

During an erase operation, the address ADDR may include a block address. The address decoder 121 may decode a block address and select one memory block according to the decoded block address. The erase operation may be performed on all or a portion of one memory block.

During a partial erase operation, the address ADDR may include a block address and a row address. The address decoder 121 may select a corresponding one of the memory blocks BLK1 through BLKz in response to the decoded block address.

The address decoder 121 may decode a row address among the received addresses ADDR. In response to the decoded row address, the address decoder 121 may apply a voltage supplied from the voltage generator 122 to the row line RL and select at least one word line of the selected memory block.

In one embodiment, the address decoder 121 may include a block decoder, a word line decoder, and an address buffer.

The voltage generator 122 may generate a plurality of voltages using an external power supply voltage supplied to the memory device 100. The voltage generator 122 may operate under the control of the control logic 125.

In one embodiment, the voltage generator 122 may generate the internal supply voltage by adjusting the external supply voltage. The internal power supply voltage generated from the voltage generator 122 may be used as an operation voltage of the memory device 100.

In one embodiment, the voltage generator 122 may generate the plurality of voltages using an external power supply voltage or an internal power supply voltage. For example, the voltage generator 122 may include a plurality of pumping capacitors for receiving the internal supply voltage, and generate the plurality of voltages by selectively activating the plurality of pumping capacitors under the control of the control logic 125. The generated voltage is applied to the word line selected by the address decoder 121.

During a program operation, the voltage generator 122 may generate a program pulse having a high voltage and a pass pulse having a lower voltage level than the program pulse. During a read operation, the voltage generator 122 may generate a read voltage and a pass voltage higher than the read voltage. During an erase operation, voltage generator 122 may generate an erase voltage.

The read/write circuit 123 may include first to mth page buffers PB1 to PBm. The first to mth page buffers PB1 to PBm are coupled to the memory cell array 110 through first to mth bit lines BL1 to BLm, respectively. The first to mth page buffers PB1 to PBm may be operated under the control of the control logic 125.

The first to mth page buffers PB1 to PBm may be in data communication with the data input/output circuit 124. During a program operation, the first to mth page buffers PB1 to PBm may receive DATA to be stored through the DATA input/output circuit 124 and the DATA lines DL.

During a program operation, when a program pulse is applied to a selected word line, the first to mth page buffers PB1 to PBm may transmit data received through the data input/output circuit 124 to the selected memory cell through the bit lines BL1 to BLm. Based on the data sent, the memory cells in the selected page are programmed. Memory cells coupled to bit lines that are applied with a program enable voltage (e.g., ground voltage) may have an increased threshold voltage. The threshold voltage of the memory cell coupled to the bit line to which the program-inhibit voltage (e.g., a supply voltage) is applied may be maintained. During a program verify operation, the first to mth page buffers PB1 to PBm may read page data from selected memory cells through the bit lines BL1 to BLm.

During a read operation, the read/write circuit 123 may read DATA from the memory cells in the selected page through the bit lines BL and output the read DATA to the DATA input/output circuit 124. During an erase operation, the read/write circuit 123 may float the bit line BL.

In one embodiment, the read/write circuits 123 may include column select circuits.

The data input/output circuit 124 is coupled to the first to mth page buffers PB1 to PBm through the data line DL. The data input/output circuit 124 may operate under the control of control logic 125. During a programming operation, the data input/output circuit 124 may receive data to be stored from an external controller (not shown).

The control logic 125 is connected to the address decoder 121, the voltage generator 122, the read/write circuit 123, and the data input/output circuit 124. Control logic 125 may control the overall operation of memory device 100. The control logic 125 may receive a command CMD and an address ADDR from an external controller. The control logic 125 may control the address decoder 121, the voltage generator 122, the read/write circuit 123, and the data input/output circuit 124 in response to the command CMD.

Fig. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of a memory cell array (e.g., memory cell array 110 of fig. 10) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Referring to fig. 11, the memory cell array 110 may include a plurality of memory blocks BLK1 through BLKz. Each memory block may have a three-dimensional structure. Each memory block may include a plurality of memory cells stacked on a substrate. The memory cells are arranged in the + X direction, + Y direction, and + Z direction. The structure of each memory block will be described in more detail with reference to fig. 12 and 13.

Fig. 12 is a circuit diagram illustrating a memory block (e.g., memory block BLKa among the plurality of memory blocks BLK1 through BLKz of fig. 11) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Referring to fig. 12, the memory block BLKa may include a plurality of cell strings CS11 through CS1m and CS21 through CS2 m. In one embodiment, each of the cell strings CS11 through CS1m and CS21 through CS2m may be formed in a "U" shape. In the memory block BLKa, the m cell strings may be arranged in the row direction (i.e., + X direction). In fig. 11, two cell strings are shown arranged in the column direction (i.e., + Y direction). However, this illustration is made for convenience only, and it will be understood that three or more cell strings may be arranged in the column direction.

Each of the plurality of cell strings CS11 through CS1m and CS21 through CS2m may include at least one source select transistor SST, first through nth memory cells MC1 through MCn, a pipe transistor PT, and at least one drain select transistor DST.

The selection transistors SST and DST and the memory cells MC1 to MCn may have similar structures, respectively. In one embodiment, each of the selection transistors SST and DST and the memory cells MC1 through MCn may include a channel layer, a tunnel insulating layer, a charge storage layer, and a blocking insulating layer. In one embodiment, a guide pillar for providing a channel layer may be provided in each cell string. In one embodiment, a guide pillar for providing at least one of a channel layer, a tunnel insulating layer, a charge storage layer, and a blocking insulating layer may be provided in each cell string.

The source select transistor SST of each cell string is coupled between the common source line CSL and the memory cells MC1 to MCp.

In one embodiment, the source selection transistors of cell strings arranged in the same row are coupled to a source selection line extending in a row direction, and the source selection transistors of cell strings arranged in different rows are coupled to different source selection lines. In fig. 12, the source select transistors of the cell strings CS11 through CS1m in the first row are coupled to a first source select line SSL 1. The source select transistors of the cell strings CS 21-CS 2m in the second row are coupled to a second source select line SSL 2.

In one embodiment, the source select transistors of the cell strings CS 11-CS 1m and CS 21-CS 2m may be commonly coupled to a single source select line.

The first through nth memory cells MC1 through MCn in each cell string are coupled between the source select transistor SST and the drain select transistor DST.

The first through nth memory cells MC1 through MCn may be divided into first through pth memory cells MC1 through MCp and (p +1) th through nth memory cells MCp +1 through MCn. The first through pth memory cells MC1 through MCp are arranged consecutively in a direction opposite to the + Z direction, and are coupled in series between the source select transistor SST and the tunnel transistor PT. The (p +1) th to nth memory cells MCp +1 to MCn are arranged in series in the + Z direction and are coupled in series between the pipe transistor PT and the drain select transistor DST. The first through nth memory cells MC1 through MCp and the (p +1) th through nth memory cells MCp +1 through MCn are coupled to each other through a pipe transistor PT. The gates of the first through nth memory cells MC1 through MCn of each cell string are coupled to the first through nth word lines WL1 through WLn, respectively.

The respective gates of the pipe transistors PT of the cell strings are coupled to the line PL.

The drain select transistor DST of each cell string is coupled between the corresponding bit line and the memory cells MCp +1 to MCn. The cell string arranged in the row direction is coupled to a drain select line extending in the row direction. The drain select transistors of the cell strings CS11 to CS1m in the first row are coupled to a first drain select line DSL 1. The drain select transistors of the cell strings CS21 to CS2m in the second row are coupled to a second drain select line DSL 2.

The cell strings arranged in the column direction may be coupled to bit lines extending in the column direction. In that

Fig. 12, cell strings CS11 and CS21 in the first column are coupled to a first bit line BL 1. The cell strings CS1m and CS2m in the mth column are coupled to the mth bit line BLm.

Memory cells coupled to the same word line in cell strings arranged in a row direction form a single page. For example, among the cell strings CS11 through CS1m in the first row, the memory cells coupled to the first word line WL1 form a single page. Among the cell strings CS21 through CS2m in the second row, the memory cells coupled to the first word line WL1 form another single page. When any one of the drain select lines DSL1 and DSL2 is selected, a corresponding cell string arranged in the direction of a single row may be selected. When any one of the word lines WL1 to WLn is selected, a corresponding single page may be selected from the selected cell string.

In one embodiment, even bit lines and odd bit lines may be provided instead of the first to mth bit lines BL1 to BLm. The even-numbered cell strings of the cell strings CS11 to CS1m or CS21 to CS2m arranged in the row direction may be coupled to the respective even bit lines. Odd-numbered cell strings of the cell strings CS11 to CS1m or CS21 to CS2m arranged in the row direction may be coupled to the corresponding odd bit lines.

In one embodiment, at least one of the first through nth memory cells MC1 through MCn may be used as a dummy memory cell. For example, at least one or more dummy memory cells may be provided to reduce an electric field between the source select transistor SST and the memory cells MC1 to MCp. Alternatively, at least one or more dummy memory cells may be provided to reduce an electric field between the drain select transistor DST and the memory cells MCp +1 to MCn. As the number of dummy memory cells increases, the reliability of the operation of the memory block BLKa may increase, while the size of the memory block BLKa may increase. As the number of dummy memory cells decreases, the size of the memory block BLKa may decrease, but the operational reliability of the memory block BLKa may decrease.

In order to effectively control the at least one dummy memory cell, each of the dummy memory cells may have a desired threshold voltage. Before or after performing the erase operation on the memory block BLKa, a program operation may be performed on all or some of the dummy memory cells. In the case where an erase operation is performed after a program operation has been performed, dummy memory cells may have a desired threshold voltage by controlling a voltage to be applied to a dummy word line coupled to the respective dummy memory cells.

Fig. 13 is a circuit diagram illustrating a memory block (e.g., memory block BLKb of the plurality of memory blocks BLK1 through BLKz of fig. 11) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Referring to fig. 13, the memory block BLKb may include a plurality of cell strings CS11 'to CS1 m' and CS21 'to CS2 m'. Each of the cell strings CS11 'to CS1 m' and CS21 'to CS2 m' extends in the + Z direction. Each of the cell strings CS11 ' to CS1m ' and CS21 ' to CS2m ' may include at least one source select transistor SST, first to nth memory cells MC1 to MCn, and at least one drain select transistor DST stacked on a substrate (not shown) provided in a lower portion of the memory block BLK1 '.

The source select transistor SST of each cell string is coupled between the common source line CSL and the memory cells MC1 through MCn. The source select transistors of the cell strings arranged in the same row are coupled to the same source select line. The source select transistors of the cell strings CS11 'to CS1 m' arranged in the first row may be coupled to a first source select line SSL 1. The source selection transistors of the cell strings CS21 'to CS2 m' arranged in the second row may be coupled to a second source selection line SSL 2. In one embodiment, the source select transistors of the cell strings CS11 'through CS1 m' and CS21 'through CS2 m' may be commonly coupled to a single source select line.

The first through nth memory cells MC1 through MCn in each cell string are coupled in series between the source select transistor SST and the drain select transistor DST. The gates of the first through nth memory cells MC1 through MCn are coupled to the first through nth word lines WL1 through WLn, respectively.

The drain select transistor DST of each cell string is coupled between the corresponding bit line and the memory cells MC1 through MCn. The drain select transistors of the cell strings arranged in the row direction may be coupled to a drain select line extending in the row direction. The drain select transistors of the cell strings CS11 'through CS1 m' in the first row are coupled to a first drain select line DSL 1. The drain select transistors of the cell strings CS21 'to CS2 m' in the second row may be coupled to a second drain select line DSL 2.

Accordingly, the memory block BLKb of fig. 13 may have an equivalent circuit similar to that of the memory block BLKa of fig. 12, except that the pipe transistor PT is excluded from each cell string.

In one embodiment, even bit lines and odd bit lines may be provided instead of the first to mth bit lines BL1 to BLm. The even-numbered cell strings among the cell strings CS11 'to CS1 m' or CS21 'to CS2 m' arranged in the row direction may be coupled to the respective even bit lines, and the odd-numbered cell strings among the cell strings CS11 'to CS1 m' or CS21 'to CS2 m' arranged in the row direction may be coupled to the respective odd bit lines.

In one embodiment, at least one of the first through nth memory cells MC1 through MCn may be used as a dummy memory cell. For example, at least one or more dummy memory cells may be provided to reduce an electric field between the source select transistor SST and the memory cells MC1 through MCn. Alternatively, at least one or more dummy memory cells may be provided to reduce an electric field between the drain select transistor DST and the memory cells MC1 through MCn. As the number of dummy memory cells increases, the reliability of the operation of the memory block BLKb may increase while the size of the memory block BLKb may increase. As the number of dummy memory cells decreases, the size of the memory block BLKb may decrease, but the operational reliability of the memory block BLKb may decrease.

In order to effectively control the at least one dummy memory cell, each of the dummy memory cells may have a desired threshold voltage. Before or after performing the erase operation on the memory block BLKb, a program operation may be performed on all or some of the dummy memory cells. In the case where an erase operation is performed after a program operation has been performed, dummy memory cells may have a desired threshold voltage by controlling a voltage to be applied to a dummy word line coupled to the respective dummy memory cells.

Fig. 14 is a diagram illustrating an operation of a memory controller (e.g., memory controller 200 of fig. 2) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Referring to fig. 14, at step S1401, the thermal data information storage unit 210 may output the thermal data information HD _ INF to the host 300. The thermal data information HD _ INF may include information on the access frequency of the host 300 and the memory controller 200. In one embodiment, the thermal data information HD _ INF may include information on the logical block address LBA received from the host 300 a predetermined number of times or more.

At step S1403, the request control unit 220 may receive an additional mapping data request from the host 300. The additional mapping data request may be a request for generating additional mapping data. The additional mapping data may include mapping information indicating a mapping relationship between the logical block address LBA and the physical block address PBA, and an additional field.

In various embodiments, the host 300 may request generation of mapping data including the logical block address LBA in the thermal data information HD _ INF. The request output from the host 300 based on the logical block address in the hot data information may be an additional mapping data request.

In one embodiment, step S1403 may be omitted. The request control unit 220 may generate the determination information DC _ INF for generating additional mapping data without receiving an additional mapping data request from the host pc 300.

At step S1405, the mapping data control unit 230 may generate and output additional mapping data. In various embodiments, when the request control unit 220 receives an additional mapping data request from the host 300, the request control unit 220 may generate the determination information DC _ INF for generating additional mapping data. The determination information DC _ INF may include information on the type of the request received from the host 300 and the logical block address LBA corresponding to the request received from the host 300.

In one embodiment, the request control unit 220 may generate the determination information DC _ INF based on the thermal data information HD _ INF stored in the thermal data information storage unit 210 without receiving a request from the host 300. The request control unit 220 may perform an operation of internally generating additional mapping data in the memory controller 200 based on the thermal data information HD _ INF, regardless of the request of the host 300.

The mapping data control unit 230 may generate additional mapping data based on the determination information DC _ INF received from the request control unit 220. The mapping data control unit 230 may generate additional mapping data including the logical block address in the determination information DC _ INF. Additional mapping data may be output to the host 300. The host 300 may store the additional mapping data in the host memory 310.

At step S1407, the memory controller 200 may receive the request and the additional mapping data from the host 300. When sending a request to the memory controller 200, the host 300 may also send additional mapping data corresponding to the request to the memory controller 200. The additional mapping data may be data stored in the host memory 310. The request received from the host 300 may be any one of a program request, a read request, and an erase request.

At step S1409, the memory controller 200 may perform an operation corresponding to the request received from the host 300. In the case where additional mapping data is received from the host 300 along with the request, there is no need to convert the logical block address into the physical block address, so that the memory controller 200 can perform an operation corresponding to the request using the additional mapping data received from the host 300.

Fig. 15 is a diagram illustrating an operation of a memory controller (e.g., memory controller 200 of fig. 2 and 5) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Referring to fig. 15, at step S1501, the memory controller 200 may receive a program request PGM _ REQ from the host 300 during the generation of additional mapping data. The program request PGM _ REQ may be a request for performing a program operation by the memory device 100.

In various embodiments, after the mapping data control unit 230 starts generating the additional mapping data based on the additional mapping data request received from the host 300, the mapping data control unit 230 may receive the program request PGM _ REQ and the logical block address LBA corresponding to the program request PGM _ REQ from the host 300.

At step S1503, the request control unit 220 may output the program command PGM _ CMD and the program address PGM _ ADDR to the memory device 100 based on the program request PGM _ REQ received from the host 300 and the logical block address corresponding to the program request PGM _ REQ. The program address PGM _ ADDR may be a physical block address PBA having a mapping relationship with the logical block address LBA corresponding to the program request PGM _ REQ.

At step S1505, the request control unit 220 may generate and output the determination information DC _ INF based on the logical block address corresponding to the program address PGM _ ADDR. In various embodiments, the request control unit 220 may generate the determination information DC _ INF including information about the program request PGM _ REQ received from the host 300 and the logical block address LBA corresponding to the program request PGM _ REQ.

The determination information DC _ INF may include information that determines whether a request received from the host 300 is a request for generating mapping data or a request for controlling an operation performed by the memory device 100. In addition, the determination information DC _ INF may include information on the logical block address LBA having a mapping relationship with the program address PGM _ ADDR.

At step S1507, the mapping data control unit 230 may output the dummy mapping data as data corresponding to the logical block address. In various embodiments, the mapping data control unit 230 may receive the determination information DC _ INF during the generation of the additional mapping data. When the mapping data control unit 230 receives the determination information DC _ INF, it may be determined whether a logical block address in the additional mapping data generated by the mapping data control unit 230 matches a logical block address received from the host 300 and corresponding to the program request PGM _ REQ.

When the logical block address in the additional mapping data being generated by the mapping data control unit 230 matches the logical block address corresponding to the program request PGM _ REQ, the mapping data control unit 230 may interrupt the generation of the additional mapping data. The mapping DATA control unit 230 may interrupt the generation of the additional mapping DATA and generate the dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA. The mapping DATA control unit 230 may output the dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA to the host 300 as DATA corresponding to the matched logical block address.

Fig. 16 is a diagram illustrating an operation of a memory controller (e.g., memory controller 200 of fig. 2 and 5) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Referring to fig. 16, at step S1601, the memory controller 200 may receive an erase request ERA _ REQ from the host 300 during the generation of the additional mapping data. The erase request ERA _ REQ may be a request for performing an erase operation by the memory device 100.

In various embodiments, after the mapping data control unit 230 starts generating additional mapping data based on the additional mapping data request received from the host 300, the mapping data control unit 230 may receive the erase request ERA _ REQ and the logical block address LBA corresponding to the erase request ERA _ REQ from the host 300.

At step S1603, the request control unit 220 may output the erase command ERA _ CMD and the erase address ERA _ ADDR to the memory device 100 based on the erase request ERA _ REQ received from the host 300 and the logical block address corresponding to the erase request ERA _ REQ. The erase address ERA _ ADDR may be a physical block address having a mapping relation with a logical block address corresponding to the erase request ERA _ REQ. Accordingly, the memory device 100 may perform an erase operation based on the erase command ERA _ CMD and the erase address ERA _ ADDR received from the request control unit 220.

At step S1605, the request control unit 220 may generate and output the determination information DC _ INF including information on the erase request ERA _ REQ received from the host 300 and the logical block address corresponding to the erase request ERA _ REQ.

The determination information DC _ INF may include information that determines whether a request received from the host 300 is a request for generating mapping data or a request for controlling an operation performed by the memory device 100. Further, the determination information DC _ INF may include information on a logical block address having a mapping relation with the erase address ERA _ ADDR.

At step S1607, the mapping data control unit 230 may output the dummy mapping data as data corresponding to the logical block address. In various embodiments, the mapping data control unit 230 may receive the determination information DC _ INF during the generation of the additional mapping data. When the mapping data control unit 230 receives the determination information DC _ INF, it may be determined whether a logical block address in the additional mapping data generated by the mapping data control unit 230 matches a logical block address received from the host 300 and corresponding to the program request PGM _ REQ.

When the logical block address in the additional mapping data being generated by the mapping data control unit 230 matches the logical block address corresponding to the erase request ERA _ REQ, the mapping data control unit 230 may interrupt the generation of the additional mapping data. The mapping DATA control unit 230 may interrupt the generation of the additional mapping DATA and generate the dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA. The mapping DATA control unit 230 may output the dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA to the host 300 as DATA corresponding to the matched logical block address.

Fig. 17 is a diagram illustrating an operation of a memory controller (e.g., memory controller 200 of fig. 2 and 7) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Referring to fig. 17, at step S1701, it may be determined whether the request control unit 220 has received garbage collection information GC _ INF from the memory device 100. In various embodiments, when the mapping data control unit 230 generates additional mapping data in response to an additional mapping data request of the host 300, it may be determined whether the request control unit 220 has received the garbage collection information GC _ INF.

Garbage collection may be performed by firmware included in the memory controller 200. The memory controller 200 may perform a garbage collection operation to ensure free blocks. The garbage collection operation may be an operation of moving valid page data of one memory block to another memory block and erasing the one memory block.

After the garbage collection operation is completed, the memory device 100 may output the garbage collection information GC _ INF. The garbage collection information GC _ INF may include information on the completion of the garbage collection operation and the physical block address on which the garbage collection operation has been performed. The garbage collection information GC _ INF may include mapping information between physical block addresses, i.e., physical-to-physical (P2P) mapping information.

When it is determined that the request control unit 220 has received the garbage collection information GC _ INF, the procedure proceeds to step S1703. When it is determined that the request control unit 220 has not received the garbage collection information GC _ INF, the procedure proceeds to step S1711.

At step S1703, the request control unit 220 may generate and output the determination information DC _ INF based on the physical block address in the garbage collection information GC _ INF.

When the request control unit 220 receives the garbage collection information GC _ INF, the request control unit 220 may generate the determination information DC _ INF regarding the logical block addresses having a mapping relationship with the corresponding physical block addresses in the garbage collection information GC _ INF. The request control unit 220 may output the determination information DC _ INF to the mapping data control unit 230.

At step S1705, the mapping data control unit 230 may determine whether mapping data corresponding to the determination information DC _ INF is generated. In various embodiments, the mapping data control unit 230 may receive the determination information DC _ INF from the request control unit 220 during the generation of additional mapping data in response to an additional mapping data request of the host 300. At step S1705, it may be determined whether the logical block address in the additional mapping data being generated by the mapping data control unit 230 matches the logical block address in the determination information DC _ INF.

When it is determined that the mapping data control unit 230 generates mapping data corresponding to the determination information DC _ INF, the procedure advances to step S1707. When it is determined that the mapping data control unit 230 does not generate mapping data corresponding to the determination information DC _ INF, the procedure proceeds to step S1711.

At step S1707, the mapping data control unit 230 may interrupt generation of mapping data. The mapping data control unit 230 may interrupt the generation of the additional mapping data.

During the generation of the additional mapping data, when the mapping data control unit 230 receives the determination information DC _ INF generated from the request control unit 220 based on the garbage collection information GC _ INF, the additional mapping data generated by the mapping data control unit 230 may no longer be valid. In the case where a garbage collection operation is performed on the memory device 100, the mapping relationship between the logical block addresses and the physical block addresses may be changed. Accordingly, the mapping data control unit 230 may interrupt the generation of the additional mapping data because the additional mapping data does not need to be generated.

At step S1709, the mapping DATA control unit 230 may output the dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA as DATA corresponding to the logical block address. The mapping DATA control unit 230 may interrupt the generation of the additional mapping DATA and generate the dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA. The mapping DATA control unit 230 may generate dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA instead of the additional mapping DATA. Further, since the mapping DATA control unit 230 transmits the dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA to the host 300, the host 300 may not transmit a request based on the error mapping DATA to the memory controller 200.

At step S1711, the mapping data control unit 230 may generate and output additional mapping data. When the logical block address in the additional mapping data being generated by the mapping data control unit 230 is different from the logical block address in the determination information DC _ INF, or when the request control unit 220 does not receive the garbage collection information GC _ INF, the mapping data control unit 230 may generate the additional mapping data. The mapping data control unit 230 may not interrupt the generation of the additional mapping data. After the generation of the additional mapping data is completed, the mapping data control unit 230 may output the additional mapping data to the host pc 300. The host 300 may store the additional mapping data in the host memory 310.

Fig. 18 is a diagram illustrating an operation of a memory controller (e.g., the memory controller 200 of fig. 2 and 8) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Referring to fig. 18, at step S1801, it may be determined whether the mapping data control unit 230 has received the DELAY information DELAY _ INF during the generation of the additional mapping data. The DELAY information DELAY _ INF may indicate that the additional mapping data may not be generated to perform an operation having a higher priority than an operation of generating the additional mapping data.

In various embodiments, the delay determination unit 240 in the memory controller 200 may detect a state change of the memory controller 200. The state change of the memory controller 200 may be determined based on a priority of an operation to be performed by the memory controller 200. In the case where the memory controller 200 cannot generate additional mapping data because the memory controller 200 is performing another operation, the delay determination unit 240 may determine that the state of the memory controller 200 has changed. When the state change of the memory controller 200 is detected, the DELAY determination unit 240 may output the DELAY information DELAY _ INF to the mapping data control unit 230.

When it is determined that the mapping data control unit 230 does not receive the DELAY information DELAY _ INF during the generation of the additional mapping data, the process proceeds to step S1803. When it is determined that the mapping data control unit 230 has received the DELAY information DELAY _ INF during the generation of the additional mapping data, the process proceeds to step S1805.

At step S1803, the mapping data control unit 230 may generate additional mapping data and output the additional mapping data to the host pc 300. When it is determined that the mapping data control unit 230 does not receive the DELAY information DELAY _ INF during the generation of the additional mapping data, the mapping data control unit 230 may generate the additional mapping data. The mapping data control unit 230 may not interrupt the generation of the additional mapping data. After the generation of the additional mapping data is completed, the mapping data control unit 230 may output the additional mapping data to the host pc 300. The host 300 may store the additional mapping data in the host memory 310.

At step S1805, the mapping data control unit 230 may interrupt generation of mapping data. The mapping data control unit 230 may interrupt the generation of the additional mapping data. In various embodiments, when it is determined that the mapping data control unit 230 receives the DELAY information DELAY _ INF from the DELAY determination unit 240 during the generation of the additional mapping data, the mapping data control unit 230 may interrupt the generation of the additional mapping data according to the operation priority of the memory controller 200. Therefore, the mapping data control unit 230 may not generate additional mapping data.

At step S1807, the mapping DATA control unit 230 may output the dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA as DATA corresponding to the logical block address. The mapping DATA control unit 230 may interrupt the generation of the additional mapping DATA, and may generate the dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA and output the dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA to the host 300. The mapping DATA control unit 230 may generate dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA instead of the additional mapping DATA.

Fig. 19 is a diagram illustrating an operation of a memory controller (e.g., the memory controller 200 of fig. 2 and 9) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Referring to fig. 19, at step S1901, the thermal data information storage unit 210 may output the first thermal data information HD _ INF1 to the host 300. The thermal data information storage unit 210 may store thermal data information HD _ INF. The hot data information HD _ INF may include information on the logical block address LBA received from the host 300 a predetermined number of times or more. The first hot data information HD _ INF1 may be hot data information to be first output to the host.

At step S1903, the request control unit 220 may receive a request corresponding to the first hot data information HD _ INF1 from the host 300. The host 300 may output a request regarding a logical block address in the first thermal data information HD _ INF1 to the memory controller 200. The request for generating mapping data comprising logical block addresses in the first hot data information HD _ INF1 may be an additional mapping data request. Thus, the request of the host 300 output based on the first hot data information HD _ INF1 may be an additional mapping data request.

At step S1905, it may be determined whether the request control unit 220 has received the second hot data information HD _ INF 2. In various embodiments, when it is determined that thermal data information HD _ INF changes, first thermal data information HD _ INF1 may be updated to second thermal data information HD _ INF 2. Therefore, the logical block address in the second hot data information HD _ INF2 may be different from the logical block address in the first hot data information HD _ INF 1. The thermal data information storage unit 210 may store the second thermal data information HD _ INF 2. Hot data information storage unit 210 may provide second hot data information HD _ INF2 to request control unit 220.

When it is determined that the request control unit 220 has received the second hot data information HD _ INF2, the process advances to step S1907. When it is determined that the request control unit 220 has not received the second hot data information HD _ INF2, the process advances to step S1909.

At step S1907, the mapping DATA control unit 230 may generate dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA and output the dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA to the host 300. In various embodiments, request control unit 220 may receive updated second hot data information HD _ INF2 from hot data information storage unit 210. The request control unit 220 may generate the determination information DC _ INF including information on the logical block address in the second hot data information HD _ INF 2. The determination information DC _ INF generated by the request control unit 220 may be output to the mapping data control unit 230.

When the logical block address in the additional mapping data being generated matches any one of the logical block addresses in the determination information DC _ INF, the mapping data control unit 230 may interrupt the generation of the additional mapping data. The mapping DATA control unit 230 may interrupt the generation of the additional mapping DATA and generate the dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA. The mapping DATA control unit 230 may output the dummy mapping DATA DM _ DATA to the host 300.

At step S1909, the mapping data control unit 230 may generate additional mapping data and output the additional mapping data to the host pc 300. When the mapping data control unit 230 does not receive the determination information DC _ INF generated based on the second hot data information HD _ INF2 during the generation of the additional mapping data, the mapping data control unit 230 may generate the additional mapping data. The mapping data control unit 230 may not interrupt the generation of the additional mapping data. After the generation of the additional mapping data is completed, the mapping data control unit 230 may output the additional mapping data to the host pc 300. The host 300 may store the additional mapping data in the host memory 310.

Fig. 20 is a diagram illustrating a memory controller 1000 (e.g., the memory controller of fig. 1) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Memory controller 1000 is coupled to a host (e.g., host 300 of FIG. 1) and a memory device (e.g., memory device 100 of FIG. 1). In response to a request from the host 300, the memory controller 1000 may access the memory device 100. For example, the memory controller 1000 may control write operations, read operations, erase operations, and background operations of the memory device 100. Memory controller 1000 may provide an interface between memory device 100 and host 300. Memory controller 1000 may drive firmware for controlling memory device 100.

Referring to fig. 20, the memory controller 1000 may include a processor 1010, a memory buffer 1020, an Error Correction Code (ECC) circuit 1030, a host interface 1040, a buffer control circuit 1050, a memory interface 1060, and a bus 1070.

Bus 1070 may provide a channel between the components of memory controller 1000.

The processor 1010 may control the overall operation of the memory controller 1000 and perform logical operations. The processor 1010 may communicate with the host 300 through a host interface 1040 and may communicate with the memory device 100 through a memory interface 1060. Additionally, processor 1010 may communicate with memory buffer 1020 through buffer control circuitry 1050. The processor 1010 may control the operation of the storage device by using the memory buffer 1020 as an operation memory, a cache memory, or a buffer memory.

Processor 1010 may perform the functions of a Flash Translation Layer (FTL). Processor 1010 may convert Logical Block Addresses (LBAs) provided by host 300 to Physical Block Addresses (PBAs) through the FTL. The FTL can receive the LBA and convert the LBA to a PBA using a mapping table. The address mapping method using the FTL can be modified in various ways according to the unit of mapping. Representative address mapping methods may include a page mapping method, a block mapping method, and a hybrid mapping method.

Processor 1010 may randomize data received from the host. For example, processor 1010 may randomize data received from host 300 using a random seed. The randomized data may be provided to the memory device 100 as data to be stored and may be programmed to the memory cell array.

During a read operation, processor 1010 may randomize data received from memory device 100. For example, the processor 1010 may use the derandomization seed to derandomize data received from the memory device 100. The derandomized data can be output to the host.

In one embodiment, the processor 1010 may drive software or firmware to perform the randomization or derandomization operations.

Memory buffer 1020 may be used as an operating memory, cache memory, or buffer memory for processor 1010. Memory buffer 1020 may store codes and commands to be executed by processor 1010. Memory buffer 1020 may store data to be processed by processor 1010. Memory buffer 1020 may include static ram (sram) or dynamic ram (dram).

The ECC circuit 1030 may perform error correction. The ECC circuit 1030 may perform an ECC encoding operation based on data to be written to the memory device 100 through the memory interface 1060. The ECC encoded data may be sent to the memory device 100 through the memory interface 1060. The ECC circuit 1030 may perform ECC decoding operations on data received from the memory device 100 through the memory interface 1060. For example, the ECC circuit 1030 may be included in the memory interface 1060 as a component of the memory interface 1060.

The host interface 1040 may communicate with an external host under the control of the processor 1010. The host interface 1040 may perform communication using AT least one of various communication methods such as Universal Serial Bus (USB), serial AT attachment (SATA), serial attached SCSI (sas), high speed inter-chip (HSIC), Small Computer System Interface (SCSI), Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI), PCI express (PCIe), non-volatile memory express (NVMe), universal flash memory (UFS), Secure Digital (SD), multimedia card (MMC), embedded MMC (emmc), dual in-line memory module (DIMM), registered DIMM (rdimm), and reduced load DIMM (lrdimm) communication methods.

Buffer control circuitry 1050 may control memory buffer 1020 under the control of processor 1010.

The memory interface 1060 may communicate with the memory device 100 under the control of the processor 1010. The memory interface 1060 may communicate commands, addresses, and data with the memory device 100 through a channel.

For example, memory controller 1000 may include neither memory buffer 1020 nor buffer control circuitry 1050.

For example, the processor 1010 may use code to control the operation of the memory controller 1000. The processor 1010 may load code from a non-volatile memory device (e.g., read only memory) provided in the memory controller 1000. Alternatively, processor 1010 may load code from memory device 100 through memory interface 1060.

For example, the bus 1070 of the memory controller 1000 may be divided into a control bus and a data bus. The data bus may transmit data in the memory controller 1000. The control bus may transmit control information such as commands and addresses in the memory controller 1000. The data bus and the control bus may be separate from each other and may not interfere with each other nor affect each other. The data bus may be coupled to the ECC circuit 1030, the host interface 1040, the buffer control circuit 1050, and the memory interface 1060. The control bus may be coupled to the processor 1010, the memory buffer 1020, the host interface 1040, the buffer control circuit 1050, and the memory interface 1060.

Fig. 21 is a block diagram illustrating a memory card system 2000 including a storage device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Referring to fig. 21, the memory card system 2000 may include a memory controller 2100, a memory device 2200, and a connector 2300.

The memory controller 2100 is coupled to a memory device 2200. The memory device 2200 is accessible by the memory controller 2100. For example, the memory controller 2100 may control read operations, write operations, erase operations, and background operations of the memory device 2200. The memory controller 2100 may provide an interface between the memory device 2100 and a host (e.g., host 300 of fig. 1). The memory controller 2100 may drive firmware for controlling the memory device 2200. The memory device 2200 may be embodied in the same manner as the memory device 100 described with reference to fig. 10.

In one embodiment, memory controller 2100 may include components such as a Random Access Memory (RAM), a processing unit, a host interface, a memory interface, and ECC circuitry.

The memory controller 2100 may communicate with external devices through the connector 2300. The memory controller 2100 may communicate with an external device (e.g., a host) based on a particular communication protocol. In one embodiment, the memory controller 2100 may communicate with external devices via at least one of various communication protocols, such as Universal Serial Bus (USB), multi-media card (MMC), embedded MMC (emmc), Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI), PCI express (PCI-e or PCIe), Advanced Technology Attachment (ATA), serial ATA (sata), parallel ATA (pata), Small Computer Small Interface (SCSI), Enhanced Small Disk Interface (ESDI), Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE), firewire, universal flash memory (UFS), Wi-Fi, bluetooth, and non-volatile memory express (NVMe) protocols. In one embodiment, the connector 2300 may be defined by at least one of the various communication protocols described above.

In one embodiment, memory device 2200 may be implemented as any of a variety of non-volatile memory devices, such as electrically erasable programmable rom (eeprom), NAND flash, NOR flash, phase change RAM (pram), resistive RAM (reram), ferroelectric RAM (fram), and spin transfer torque magnetic RAM (STT-MRAM).

In one embodiment, the memory controller 2100 and the memory device 2200 may be integrated into a single semiconductor device to form a memory card. For example, the memory controller 2100 and the memory device 2200 may be integrated into a single semiconductor device to form a memory card, such as a Personal Computer Memory Card International Association (PCMCIA), a compact flash Card (CF), a smart media card (e.g., SM or SMC), a memory stick, a multimedia card (e.g., MMC, RS-MMC, or MMCmicro), a Secure Digital (SD) card (e.g., SD, miniSD, microSD, or SDHC), or a universal flash memory (UFS).

Fig. 22 is a block diagram illustrating a Solid State Drive (SSD) system 3000 including storage devices according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

Referring to fig. 22, SSD system 3000 may include host 3100 and SSD 3200. SSD 3200 may exchange signals SIG with host 3100 via signal connector 3001 and may receive power PWR via power connector 3002. The SSD 3200 may include an SSD controller 3210, a plurality of flash memories 3221 to 322n, an auxiliary power supply 3230, and a buffer memory 3240.

In one embodiment, SSD controller 3210 may perform the functions of memory controller 200 described above with reference to fig. 1.

The SSD controller 3210 may control the plurality of flash memories 3221 to 322n in response to a signal SIG received from the host 3100. In one embodiment, signal SIG may be a signal based on the interface between host 3100 and SSD 3200. For example, the signal SIG may be a signal defined by at least one of various interfaces, such as Universal Serial Bus (USB), multi-media card (MMC), embedded MMC (emmc), Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI), PCI-express (PCI-e or PCIe), Advanced Technology Attachment (ATA), serial ATA (sata), parallel ATA (pata), Small Computer System Interface (SCSI), Enhanced Small Disk Interface (ESDI), Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE), firewire, universal flash memory (UFS), Wi-Fi, bluetooth, and non-volatile memory express (NVMe) interface.

The auxiliary power supply 3230 may be coupled to the host 3100 via a power connector 3002. The auxiliary power supply 3230 may be supplied with power PWR from the host 3100, and may be charged by the power PWR. When the power supply from the host 3100 cannot be smoothly performed, the auxiliary power supply 3230 may supply the power of the SSD 3200. In one embodiment, auxiliary power supply 3230 may be located inside SSD 3200 or outside SSD 3200. For example, the auxiliary power supply 3230 may be provided in a main board and may supply auxiliary power to the SSD 3200.

The buffer memory 3240 serves as a buffer memory of the SSD 3200. For example, buffer memory 3240 may temporarily store data received from host 3100 or data received from the plurality of flash memories 3221 to 322n, or may temporarily store metadata (e.g., mapping tables) of flash memories 3221 to 322 n. The buffer memory 3240 may include volatile memory such as DRAM, SDRAM, DDR SDRAM, LPDDR SDRAM, and GRAM, or non-volatile memory such as FRAM, ReRAM, STT-MRAM, and PRAM.

Fig. 23 is a block diagram illustrating a user system 4000 including a storage device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Referring to fig. 23, the user system 4000 may include an application processor 4100, a memory module 4200, a network module 4300, a storage module 4400, and a user interface 4500.

The application processor 4100 may run components included in the user system 4000, an Operating System (OS), or user programming. In one embodiment, the application processor 4100 may include a controller, interface, graphics engine, etc. for controlling components included in the user system 4000. The application processor 4100 may be provided as a system on chip (SoC).

The memory module 4200 may be used as a main memory, a working memory, a buffer memory, or a cache memory of the user system 4000. The memory module 4200 may include volatile RAM (such as DRAM, SDRAM, DDR2 SDRAM, DDR3 SDRAM, LPDDR SDARM, and LPDDR3 SDRAM) or non-volatile RAM (such as PRAM, ReRAM, MRAM, and FRAM). In one embodiment, the application processor 4100 and the memory module 4200 may be packaged based on a Package On Package (POP) and then may be provided as a single semiconductor package.

The network module 4300 may communicate with an external device. For example, the network module 4300 may support wireless communications, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), global system for mobile communications (GSM), wideband CDMA (wcdma), CDMA-2000, Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Long Term Evolution (LTE), WiMAX, WLAN, UWB, bluetooth, or Wi-Fi communications. In one embodiment, the network module 4300 may be included in the application processor 4100.

The memory module 4400 may store data therein. For example, the memory module 4400 may store data received from the application processor 4100. Alternatively, the memory module 4400 may transmit data stored in the memory module 4400 to the application processor 4100. In one embodiment, the memory module 4400 may be implemented as a non-volatile semiconductor memory device, such as a phase change ram (pram), a magnetic ram (mram), a resistive ram (rram), a NAND flash memory, a NOR flash memory, or a NAND flash memory having a three-dimensional (3D) structure. In one embodiment, the storage module 4400 may be provided as a removable storage medium (i.e., a removable drive), such as a memory card or an external drive of the user system 4000.

In one embodiment, the memory module 4400 may include a plurality of non-volatile memory devices, and each of the plurality of non-volatile memory devices may operate in the same manner as the memory device 100 described above with reference to fig. 10-13. The memory module 4400 may operate in the same manner as the memory device 50 described above with reference to fig. 1.

The user interface 4500 may include an interface for inputting data or instructions to the application processor 4100 or outputting data to an external device. In one embodiment, the user interface 4500 can include a user input interface such as a keyboard, keypad, button, touch panel, touch screen, touch pad, touch ball, camera, microphone, gyroscope sensor, vibration sensor, and piezoelectric device. The user interface 4500 may further include a user output interface such as a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), an Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) display device, an active matrix OLED (amoled) display device, an LED, a speaker, and a motor.

As described above, various embodiments of the present disclosure may provide a memory controller capable of generating mapping data with improved reliability, and a method of operating the memory controller.

Although embodiments of the present disclosure have been disclosed, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, additions and substitutions are possible, without departing from the scope and spirit of the disclosure.

The scope of the disclosure, therefore, is not to be restricted except in light of the foregoing description, by the appended claims and their equivalents.

In the embodiments discussed above, all steps may be selectively performed or skipped. Additionally, the steps in each embodiment may not always be performed in a regular order. Furthermore, the embodiments disclosed in the present specification and drawings are intended to help those of ordinary skill in the art clearly understand the present disclosure, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present disclosure pertains will readily appreciate that various modifications are possible based on the technical scope of the present disclosure.

The embodiments of the present disclosure have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, and specific terms or words used in the description should be construed according to the spirit of the present disclosure without limiting the subject matter of the present disclosure. It should be understood that many variations and modifications of the basic inventive concepts described herein will still fall within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

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