阅读说明：本技术 一种提高建筑外墙保温材料阻燃性能的方法 (Method for improving flame retardant property of building external wall heat insulation material ) 是由 吕灵灵 李大鹏 仉杰 孔慧 王沿森 张新功 刘晨光 于 2021-07-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种提高建筑外墙保温材料阻燃性能的方法,具体为：将高分子聚合物、改性纳米石墨颗粒和添加剂混合,在温度为150-190℃,压力为24-35MPa的条件下混炼,然后注入含超临界二氧化碳的复合发泡剂流体发泡,在温度为30-140℃,压力为8-16MPa的低温高压条件下释放压制成型的保温板,开凹槽；将防火剂和无机保温浆料混合后通过注射的方式嵌入保温板凹槽内,然后与另一个未开槽的保温板通过胶黏剂粘接。本发明通过将防火剂嵌在保温板内部的方式,完美的解决了现有防火剂与保温板结合难的问题,而且由于内部镶嵌的形式,使得在发生意外时防火剂瞬时进行灭火,大大提升了灭火时效,火势不会蔓延。(The invention discloses a method for improving the flame retardant property of a building external wall heat insulation material, which comprises the following steps: mixing a high molecular polymer, modified nano graphite particles and an additive, mixing at the temperature of 150-190 ℃ and under the pressure of 24-35MPa, injecting a composite foaming agent fluid containing supercritical carbon dioxide for foaming, releasing the pressed and formed insulation board under the conditions of low temperature and high pressure of 30-140 ℃ and under the pressure of 8-16MPa, and forming a groove; the fireproof agent and the inorganic heat-insulation slurry are mixed and then embedded into the groove of the heat-insulation plate in an injection mode, and then the heat-insulation plate is bonded with another heat-insulation plate which is not grooved through an adhesive. According to the invention, the fire-proof agent is embedded in the insulation board, so that the problem that the existing fire-proof agent is difficult to combine with the insulation board is perfectly solved, and due to the internal embedding mode, the fire-proof agent can instantly extinguish fire in case of accidents, so that the fire extinguishing time is greatly improved, and the fire can not spread.)

1. A method for improving the flame retardant property of a building external wall heat insulation material is characterized by comprising the following steps:

mixing a high molecular polymer, modified nano graphite particles and an additive, mixing at the temperature of 150-190 ℃ and under the pressure of 24-35MPa, injecting a composite foaming agent fluid containing supercritical carbon dioxide for foaming, releasing the pressed and formed insulation board under the conditions of low temperature and high pressure of 30-140 ℃ and under the pressure of 8-16MPa, and forming a groove;

mixing a fireproof agent and inorganic heat-insulating slurry, embedding the mixture into a groove of a heat-insulating plate in an injection mode, and then bonding the mixture with another heat-insulating plate which is not grooved through an adhesive;

the fireproof agent comprises, by mass, 10-16 parts of antimony trioxide, 2-4 parts of polythiol, 1.5-3 parts of mercaptoethanol and 0.5-2 parts of 2-bromoethanol.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the high molecular weight polymer is polyvinyl chloride and polyethylene.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the additives are wood fibers and nanoclay.

4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the high molecular polymer is 65-72 parts, the modified nano graphite particles are 15-20 parts, the additive is 7-10 parts, and the supercritical carbon dioxide composite foaming agent fluid is 4-6 parts by mass.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the supercritical carbon dioxide composite blowing agent fluid is obtained by extracting the supercritical carbon dioxide composite blowing agent fluid from air by a carbon dioxide gas generator and pressurizing the supercritical carbon dioxide composite blowing agent fluid by a high-pressure pump.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mixing conditions are: the temperature is 160 ℃ and 180 ℃, and the pressure is 26-30 MPa.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the conditions of low temperature and high pressure are: the temperature is 40-130 deg.C, and the pressure is 10-15 MPa.

8. A building exterior wall insulation material having flame retardant properties obtained by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of high polymer materials, in particular to a method for improving the flame retardant property of a building external wall heat insulation material.

Background

In recent years, as China puts more and more energy and financial resources into the construction industry, more and more achievements and achievements in the aspect are obtained. The application of the external wall thermal insulation material is a measure with high efficiency and low cost for building energy conservation, so that China has more and more applications to the external wall thermal insulation material, but huge fire hazards are buried at the same time.

The flame-retardant material is a material with fire-proof safety protection, is a material which is extremely difficult to burn, can prevent other inflammable substances from burning, is coated or wrapped on the surface of a material needing fire prevention, such as a battery, and can isolate the burning substances from oxygen when the substance fires, thereby extinguishing a fire source or controlling the burning range to avoid the situation of fire expansion. However, in the prior art, the flame retardant material used for the thermal insulation material is generally coated on the surface of the thermal insulation material or covered, and due to the different properties of the two raw materials, the flame retardant material and the thermal insulation material are not well combined, and are easy to separate, so that the flame retardant performance is lost.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides a method for improving the fire resistance of a thermal insulation material for an exterior wall of a building, so as to solve the problems in the background art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a method for improving the flame retardant property of a building external wall heat insulation material comprises the following steps:

mixing a high molecular polymer, modified nano graphite particles and an additive, mixing at the temperature of 150-190 ℃ and under the pressure of 24-35MPa, injecting a composite foaming agent fluid containing supercritical carbon dioxide for foaming, releasing the pressed and formed insulation board under the conditions of low temperature and high pressure of 30-140 ℃ and under the pressure of 8-16MPa, and forming a groove.

Mixing a fireproof agent and inorganic heat-insulating slurry, embedding the mixture into a groove of a heat-insulating plate in an injection mode, and then bonding the mixture with another heat-insulating plate which is not grooved through an adhesive; the two heat preservation plates have different thicknesses, and the heat preservation plate which is not grooved is thin (0.5-1cm), and is mainly used for sealing the fireproof agent and the inorganic heat preservation slurry.

The grooves of each insulation board are provided with a plurality of grooves, so that the insulation performance is not influenced (the total volume of the grooves accounts for less than 30% of the total volume of the insulation board).

The fireproof agent comprises, by mass, 10-16 parts of antimony trioxide, 2-4 parts of polythiol, 1.5-3 parts of mercaptoethanol and 0.5-2 parts of 2-bromoethanol.

Preferably, the high molecular polymer is polyvinyl chloride and polyethylene.

The particle size of the modified nano graphite particles is 0.1-0.5 nm.

Preferably, the additive is wood fiber and nano clay. The particle size of the nano clay is 0.2-0.8 nm.

Preferably, the inorganic heat-insulating slurry is prepared from rubber powder and aggregate, and the rubber powder comprises 1-3 parts by mass of rubber powder, 5-8 parts by mass of lime, 7-11 parts by mass of cement and 0.5-1 part by mass of an accelerator.

Preferably, the high molecular polymer is 65-72 parts by weight, the modified nano graphite particles are 15-20 parts by weight, the additive is 7-10 parts by weight, and the supercritical carbon dioxide composite foaming agent fluid is 4-6 parts by weight.

Preferably, the supercritical carbon dioxide composite foaming agent fluid is prepared by pumping from air by a carbon dioxide gas making machine and pressurizing by a high-pressure pump.

Preferably, the mixing conditions are as follows: the temperature is 160 ℃ and 180 ℃, and the pressure is 26-30 MPa.

Preferably, the conditions of low temperature and high pressure are as follows: the temperature is 40-130 deg.C, and the pressure is 10-15 MPa.

The invention also provides a building external wall heat-insulating material with flame retardant property, which is obtained by the method.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the heat insulation board is a high-efficiency high-performance heat insulation material obtained by a microporous structure and a micromolecule wrapping technology, polyvinyl chloride and polyethylene are used as raw materials of the heat insulation board, the super heat conductivity of graphite enables a polymer melt temperature field to be uniform, the modified graphite is favorable for the grafting rate with a polymer, the tensile strength of the heat insulation material is improved, the addition of nano clay not only accelerates the forming speed, but also enables foam holes to be more uniform, the foam wall to be thinner, the pore closing rate is high, wood fibers are easily dispersed in the heat insulation material to form a three-dimensional space structure and can absorb moisture 6-8 times of the self weight, and the combination characteristic improves the anti-falling performance and the heat insulation and anti-cracking effects of the material.

The heat insulation board disclosed by the invention is low in heat conductivity coefficient and good in stability. The fire retardant containing antimony trioxide is injected into the groove formed in the heat-insulating plate, the antimony trioxide can generate antimony trihalide or antimony oxyhalide with hydrogen halide at high temperature, the density of antimony trihalide steam is relatively high, the antimony trihalide steam can stay in a combustion zone for a long time, the antimony oxyhalide has the functions of dilution and coverage, the substance can effectively capture free radicals generated during the combustion of the material in a wider temperature range (245-; polythiol, mercaptoethanol and 2-bromoethanol have good flame retardant property, and the polythiol, mercaptoethanol and 2-bromoethanol are injected into the groove of the heat-insulating plate to modify the inner surface of the groove, so that the flame retardant property of the heat-insulating plate can be further improved.

According to the invention, the fire-proof agent is embedded in the insulation board, so that the problem that the existing fire-proof agent is difficult to combine with the insulation board is perfectly solved, and due to the internal embedding mode, the fire-proof agent can instantly extinguish fire in case of accidents, so that the fire extinguishing time is greatly improved, and the fire can not spread. In other words, the invention utilizes the mode of strengthening the fireproof performance of the insulation board, not only solves the problem of combination of the flame retardant and the insulation board, but also improves the physical performance of the insulation material while not influencing the insulation performance of the insulation board, and reasonably realizes the purpose of improving the flame retardant performance of the insulation material by selecting different raw materials for reasonable regulation and control.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to various exemplary embodiments of the invention, the detailed description should not be construed as limiting the invention but as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the invention.

It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Further, for numerical ranges in this disclosure, it is understood that each intervening value, between the upper and lower limit of that range, is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intervening value in a stated range and any other stated or intervening value in a stated range is encompassed within the invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded in the range.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference herein for the purpose of disclosing and describing the methods and/or materials associated with the documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the present specification will control.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the specific embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the scope or spirit of the disclosure. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification. The specification and examples are exemplary only.

As used herein, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and the like are open-ended terms that mean including, but not limited to.

The total volume of the grooves formed in the following embodiments accounts for less than 30% of the total volume of the insulation board.

Example 1

Mixing 35 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 35 parts of polyethylene, 18 parts of modified nano graphite particles, 4 parts of wood fibers and 4 parts of nano clay, mixing in an environment with the temperature of 170 ℃ and the pressure of 28MPa, adjusting the pressure to 35MPa, injecting 5 parts of composite foaming agent fluid containing supercritical carbon dioxide by using a high-pressure machine for foaming, then reducing the temperature to 80 ℃ and releasing the press-formed insulation board under the pressure of 12MPa, and forming a plurality of grooves on one side of the insulation board;

the fireproof agent and the inorganic heat-insulation slurry are mixed and then embedded into the groove of the heat-insulation plate in an injection mode, and then the heat-insulation plate is bonded with another heat-insulation plate which is not grooved through an adhesive, so that the heat-insulation plate with the flame-retardant performance is obtained.

A fire retardant: 13 parts of antimony trioxide, 3 parts of polythiol, 2.5 parts of mercaptoethanol and 1.7 parts of 2-bromoethanol.

Inorganic heat-insulating slurry: 2 parts of rubber powder, 6.5 parts of lime, 9 parts of cement and 0.75 part of accelerator.

Example 2

Mixing 28 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 37 parts of polyethylene, 15 parts of modified nano graphite particles, 3 parts of wood fibers and 4 parts of nano clay, mixing in an environment with the temperature of 180 ℃ and the pressure of 30MPa, adjusting the pressure to 35MPa, injecting 6 parts of composite foaming agent fluid containing supercritical carbon dioxide by using a high-pressure machine for foaming, then reducing the temperature to 40 ℃ and the pressure to 10MPa, releasing the press-formed insulation board, and forming a plurality of grooves on one side of the insulation board;

the fireproof agent and the inorganic heat-insulation slurry are mixed and then embedded into the groove of the heat-insulation plate in an injection mode, and then the heat-insulation plate is bonded with another heat-insulation plate which is not grooved through an adhesive, so that the heat-insulation plate with the flame-retardant performance is obtained.

A fire retardant: 10 parts of antimony trioxide, 2 parts of polythiol, 1.5 parts of mercaptoethanol and 2 parts of 2-bromoethanol.

Inorganic heat-insulating slurry: 1 part of rubber powder, 5 parts of lime, 11 parts of cement and 1 part of accelerator.

Example 3

Mixing 32 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 40 parts of polyethylene, 20 parts of modified nano graphite particles, 8 parts of wood fibers and 2 parts of nano clay, mixing in an environment with the temperature of 160 ℃ and the pressure of 26MPa, increasing the pressure to 35MPa, injecting 4 parts of composite foaming agent fluid containing supercritical carbon dioxide by using a high-pressure machine for foaming, then reducing the temperature to 130 ℃ and the pressure to 15MPa, releasing the press-formed insulation board, and forming a plurality of grooves on one side of the insulation board;

the fireproof agent and the inorganic heat-insulation slurry are mixed and then embedded into the groove of the heat-insulation plate in an injection mode, and then the heat-insulation plate is bonded with another heat-insulation plate which is not grooved through an adhesive, so that the heat-insulation plate with the flame-retardant performance is obtained.

A fire retardant: 16 parts of antimony trioxide, 4 parts of polythiol, 3 parts of mercaptoethanol and 0.5 part of 2-bromoethanol.

Inorganic heat-insulating slurry: 3 parts of rubber powder, 8 parts of lime, 7 parts of cement and 0.5 part of accelerating agent.

Comparative example 1

The difference from example 1 is that a commercially available rock wool insulation board was selected for grooving, and the other processing methods were the same as example 1.

Comparative example 2

The difference from embodiment 1 is that the pressure and temperature are always set during the process of manufacturing the insulation board.

Comparative example 3

The difference from the embodiment 1 is that no additive is added into the insulation board.

Comparative example 4

The difference from example 1 is that only antimony trioxide was added to the fire retardant.

Comparative example 5

The difference from the embodiment 1 is that the insulation board is not grooved, and the fireproof agent and the inorganic insulation slurry are coated on the surface of the insulation board in a coating mode.

Comparative example 6

The difference from example 1 is that no flameproofing agent is added.

Test examples

The performances of the building heat-insulating flame-retardant materials prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-6 are tested, and the test results are shown in the following table 1.

TABLE 1

The data in the table show that the flame retardant property of the heat-insulating board is obviously improved, the combustion performance grade reaches A1 and A2 grades, the heat-insulating board has a low heat conductivity coefficient, a good heat-insulating effect and high tensile strength, and the water vapor permeability coefficient and the waterproof effect are good.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.