阅读说明：本技术 冰桨碰撞螺旋桨水动力性能同步测试装置及测试方法 (Device and method for synchronously testing hydrodynamic performance of ice propeller colliding propeller ) 是由 武珅 刘玉文 徐良浩 宋明太 芮伟 周剑 于 2020-05-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种冰桨碰撞螺旋桨水动力性能同步测试装置及测试方法,包括空泡水筒试验段,空泡水筒试验段横向布置,空泡水筒试验段的上部设置有空泡水筒上盖板,空泡水筒上盖板处通过定位装置安装有布放装置,布放装置的中心线与空泡水筒上盖板垂直,布放装置穿过空泡水筒上盖板伸入至空泡水筒试验段内部,并在布放装置的下端夹持试验模型冰；空泡水筒试验段内部还安装有长轴动力仪,长轴动力仪的端部安装有桨模；空泡水筒试验段的一侧壁安装有观察窗；测试方便,能够实时同步采集冰块运动位置、冰桨碰撞作用过程和螺旋桨的水动力性能,为分析不同冰桨碰撞过程对螺旋桨水动力性能影响提供可靠依据。(A synchronous testing device and a testing method for hydrodynamic performance of an ice propeller collision propeller comprise a cavitation water cylinder testing section, wherein the cavitation water cylinder testing section is transversely arranged, the upper part of the cavitation water cylinder testing section is provided with a cavitation water cylinder upper cover plate, a distributing device is arranged at the position of the cavitation water cylinder upper cover plate through a positioning device, the central line of the distributing device is perpendicular to the cavitation water cylinder upper cover plate, the distributing device penetrates through the cavitation water cylinder upper cover plate and extends into the cavitation water cylinder testing section, and test model ice is clamped at the lower end of the distributing device; a long shaft power instrument is also arranged in the test section of the cavitation water cylinder, and a paddle die is arranged at the end part of the long shaft power instrument; an observation window is arranged on one side wall of the test section of the cavitation water cylinder; the test is convenient, can gather ice-cube motion position, ice oar collision effect process and the hydrodynamic performance of screw in real time in step, provides reliable foundation for the analysis different ice oar collision processes influence the propeller hydrodynamic performance.)

1. The utility model provides a synchronous testing arrangement of ice oar collision screw hydrodynamic force performance which characterized in that: the test device comprises a cavitation water cylinder test section (3), wherein the cavitation water cylinder test section (3) is transversely arranged, a cavitation water cylinder upper cover plate (2) is arranged at the upper part of the cavitation water cylinder test section (3), a distribution device (5) is arranged at the position of the cavitation water cylinder upper cover plate (2) through a positioning device, the central line of the distribution device (5) is perpendicular to the cavitation water cylinder upper cover plate (2), the distribution device (5) penetrates through the cavitation water cylinder upper cover plate (2) to extend into the cavitation water cylinder test section (3), and a test model ice (6) is clamped at the lower end of the distribution device (5); a long shaft power instrument (7) is further installed in the cavitation water cylinder test section (3), and a paddle die (8) is installed at the end of the long shaft power instrument (7); an observation window (4) is arranged on one side wall of the cavitation water cylinder test section (3);

the outside that is located vacuole water drum test section (3) is provided with oar mould hydrodynamic force collection card (1), oar mould hydrodynamic force collection card (1) is connected through first data line with major axis dynamometer (7), and the outside of observation window (4) still is provided with high-speed camera (10), high-speed camera (10) are connected with image acquisition controller (9), and one side of high-speed camera (10) still is provided with light source (11), satisfies the light quantity of high-speed camera (10).

2. The device for testing hydrodynamic performance synchronization of an ice paddle colliding propeller as recited in claim 1, further comprising: the distribution device (5) realizes axial, vertical and lateral positioning through the positioning device.

3. The device for testing hydrodynamic performance synchronization of an ice paddle colliding propeller as recited in claim 1, further comprising: the distributing device (5) is positioned at the upper part of the test propeller model in front of the incoming flow.

4. The device for testing hydrodynamic performance synchronization of an ice paddle colliding propeller as recited in claim 1, further comprising: the long shaft power instrument (7) is positioned on an inflow upstream output shaft of the cavitation water cylinder test section (3), and the long shaft power instrument (7) is fixed with an inner wall bolt of the cavitation water cylinder test section (3) through a support frame.

5. The device for testing hydrodynamic performance synchronization of an ice paddle colliding propeller as recited in claim 1, further comprising: the high-speed camera (10) comprises a first camera and a second camera, the first camera and the second camera are connected through a second data line, the first camera is connected with the image acquisition controller (9) through a third data line, when the test model ice (6) is released, the image acquisition controller (9) gives a trigger signal to control the first camera and the second camera to start image shooting synchronously; the first camera is connected with the paddle module hydrodynamic acquisition card (1) through a fourth data line, and in the time-history change acquisition process of the paddle module pushing torque hydrodynamic force, the paddle module hydrodynamic acquisition card (1) can acquire signals for starting and ending image acquisition of the high-speed camera (10) through the fourth data line.

6. A testing method for the device for testing hydrodynamic performance synchronization of an ice paddle colliding propeller according to claim 1, wherein the testing method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following operation steps:

firstly, selecting a certain section of a cavitation water cylinder as a cavitation water cylinder test section (3);

the testing section (3) of the cavitation water cylinder is transversely arranged, the top of the testing section (3) of the cavitation water cylinder is provided with an upper cover plate (2) of the cavitation water cylinder, then the upper cover plate (2) of the cavitation water cylinder is vertically provided with a distributing device (5), and the distributing device (5) extends into the testing section (3) of the cavitation water cylinder;

then a long shaft power meter (7) and a paddle mould (8) are installed;

a paddle mould hydrodynamic acquisition card (1), an illumination light source (11), a high-speed camera (10) and an image acquisition controller (9) which are arranged outside the cavitation water cylinder test section (3);

starting the water speed of the cavitation water cylinder and the rotating speed of the propeller to operate under a specified working condition, measuring the time-varying changes of the thrust and the torque of the paddle die (8) by the long-axis power meter (7), and recording the time-varying changes on the paddle die hydrodynamic acquisition card (1); after the hydrodynamic curve of the ice cube model is stably collected, releasing test model ice (6) by a distributing device (5), then giving a trigger signal by an image collecting controller (9), and controlling a high-speed camera (10) to synchronously shoot the ice cube movement and ice cube collision action process from different visual angles;

the paddle module water power acquisition card (1) records the paddle module water power and simultaneously receives signals of the moment when the high-speed camera (10) starts and finishes image shooting;

the corresponding relation between the image acquisition of the high-speed camera (10) and the time of the paddle mold hydrodynamic acquisition card (1) and the image acquisition frame number of the high-speed camera (10) are combined, so that the ice block movement, the ice paddle collision action state and the corresponding paddle mold hydrodynamic performance results at different times can be obtained.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of test platforms, in particular to a device and a method for synchronously testing hydrodynamic performance of an ice paddle colliding propeller.

Background

When the ship sails in an ice area, the broken ice blocks slide to the stern along the side and the bottom of the ship and collide with the propeller to cut, so that the performance of the propeller is affected.

Under the comprehensive action of the rotation suction force, gravity, buoyancy and the like of the propeller, the ice block has multiple degrees of freedom of translation and rotation, and has the characteristics of transient state, randomness, uncertainty and the like in the collision action process with the propeller, so that the hydrodynamic performance of the propeller changes with time and space unsteadily.

In the performance model test of the propeller colliding with the ice propellers, if only the propeller hydrodynamic force is collected without assisting the real-time action process image of the propeller colliding, the propeller hydrodynamic force curve change at different moments is difficult to be accurately explained, and the purpose of analyzing the influence of the propeller colliding process on the performance of the ice propellers cannot be achieved.

As the ice paddle collision is a transient action process, the capturing of the detail information of ice block movement and ice paddle collision needs to be performed by means of a high-speed photography technology, and the real-time synchronization of the high-speed photography and the acquisition of the hydrodynamic performance of the propeller needs to be ensured. Therefore, in order to meet the requirements of testing and analyzing the influence of ice paddle collision on the propeller hydrodynamic performance model test, a synchronous testing platform for the propeller hydrodynamic performance of ice paddle collision needs to be established.

Disclosure of Invention

The applicant provides a device and a method for synchronously testing hydrodynamic performance of an ice blade colliding propeller aiming at the defects in the prior art, so that the motion position of ice cubes, the collision action process of the ice blade and the hydrodynamic performance of the propeller can be synchronously acquired in real time, and reliable basis is provided for analyzing the influence of different ice blade collision processes on the hydrodynamic performance of the propeller.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a synchronous testing device for hydrodynamic performance of an ice propeller collision propeller comprises a cavitation water cylinder test section, wherein the cavitation water cylinder test section is transversely arranged, a cavitation water cylinder upper cover plate is arranged at the upper part of the cavitation water cylinder test section, a distributing device is installed at the position of the cavitation water cylinder upper cover plate through a positioning device, the central line of the distributing device is perpendicular to the cavitation water cylinder upper cover plate, the distributing device penetrates through the cavitation water cylinder upper cover plate and extends into the cavitation water cylinder test section, and test model ice is clamped at the lower end of the distributing device; a long shaft power instrument is further installed in the cavitation water cylinder test section, and a paddle die is installed at the end of the long shaft power instrument; an observation window is arranged on one side wall of the test section of the cavitation water cylinder;

the outside that is located vacuole water section of thick bamboo test section is provided with oar mould hydrodynamic force collection card, oar mould hydrodynamic force collection card passes through first data line with major axis power appearance and is connected, and the outside of observation window still is provided with high-speed camera, high-speed camera is connected with the image acquisition controller, and one side of high-speed camera still is provided with illumination source, satisfies the light quantity of high-speed camera.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

the distributing device realizes axial, vertical and lateral positioning through the positioning device.

The distributing device is positioned at the upper part in front of the incoming flow of the test propeller model.

The long shaft power instrument is positioned on an inflow upstream output shaft of the cavitation water cylinder test section and is fixed with an inner wall bolt of the cavitation water cylinder test section through a support frame.

The high-speed camera comprises a first camera and a second camera, the first camera and the second camera are connected through a second data line, the first camera is connected with the image acquisition controller through a third data line, and when the test model ice is released, the image acquisition controller gives a trigger signal to control the first camera and the second camera to start image shooting synchronously; the first camera is connected with the paddle module hydrodynamic acquisition card through a fourth data line, and the paddle module hydrodynamic acquisition card can acquire signals for starting and ending image acquisition of the high-speed camera through the fourth data line in the time history change acquisition process of the paddle module pushing and twisting hydrodynamic force.

A testing method of a device for testing hydrodynamic performance synchronization of an ice paddle colliding with a propeller comprises the following operation steps:

firstly, selecting a certain section of a cavitation water cylinder as a cavitation water cylinder test section;

the test section of the cavitation water cylinder is transversely arranged, an upper cover plate of the cavitation water cylinder is arranged at the top of the test section of the cavitation water cylinder, and then a distributing device is vertically arranged on the upper cover plate of the cavitation water cylinder and extends into the test section of the cavitation water cylinder;

then installing a long shaft power meter and a paddle mould;

the paddle mold hydrodynamic acquisition card, the illumination light source, the high-speed camera and the image acquisition controller are arranged outside the cavitation water cylinder test section;

starting the water speed of the cavitation water cylinder and the rotating speed of the propeller to operate under a specified working condition, measuring the thrust and torque time-varying changes of the paddle die by a long-axis power meter, and recording the changes on a paddle die water power acquisition card;

after the hydrodynamic curve of the paddle model is stably collected, releasing the test model ice by the distributing device, then giving a trigger signal by the image collecting controller, and controlling the high-speed camera to synchronously shoot the ice block movement and ice paddle collision action process from different viewing angles;

the paddle mould water power acquisition card records the paddle mould water power and receives time signals of starting and ending image shooting of the high-speed camera;

the corresponding relation between the image acquisition of the high-speed camera and the time of the paddle mold hydrodynamic acquisition card and the image acquisition frame number of the high-speed camera are combined, so that the ice block movement, the ice paddle collision action state and the corresponding paddle mold hydrodynamic performance results at different times can be obtained.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

the ice crushing device is compact and reasonable in structure and convenient to operate, and when a ship sails in an ice area, the crushed ice blocks slide to the stern along the side and the bottom of the ship and collide with the propeller to cut, so that the performance of the propeller is affected. Under the comprehensive action of the rotation suction force, gravity, buoyancy and the like of the propeller, the ice block has multiple degrees of freedom of translation and rotation, and has the characteristics of transient state, randomness, uncertainty and the like in the collision action process with the propeller, so that the hydrodynamic performance of the propeller changes with time and space unsteadily. In the performance model test of the propeller colliding with the ice propellers, if only the propeller hydrodynamic force is collected without assisting the real-time action process image of the propeller colliding, the propeller hydrodynamic force curve change at different moments is difficult to be accurately explained, and the purpose of analyzing the influence of the propeller colliding process on the performance of the ice propellers cannot be achieved. The motion state of the ice of the test model can be conveniently captured by the test device, and then the time-space multi-characteristic change information of ice paddle collision can be obtained by a synchronous test method, so that a reliable basis is provided for comprehensively analyzing the influence of the ice paddle collision on the hydrodynamic performance of the propeller.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for testing hydrodynamic performance synchronization of an ice paddle colliding with a propeller according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a graph illustrating the synchronization signal curves of the propeller hydrodynamic and high speed cameras of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a typical synchronous test result of an ice blade collision process and a propeller hydrodynamic performance according to the present invention

(embodiment one).

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a typical synchronous test result of an ice blade collision process and a propeller hydrodynamic performance according to the present invention

(example two).

Wherein: 1. a paddle mould water power acquisition card; 2. an upper cover plate of the hollow water cylinder; 3. a test section of a cavitation water cylinder; 4. an observation window; 5. a laying device; 6. testing model ice; 7. a long axis dynamometer; 8. a paddle mold; 9. an image acquisition controller; 10. a high-speed camera; 11. an illumination source.

Detailed Description

The following describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, the device for synchronously testing hydrodynamic performance of an ice-slurry colliding propeller of the present embodiment includes a cavitation water cylinder test section 3, the cavitation water cylinder test section 3 is transversely arranged, a cavitation water cylinder upper cover plate 2 is arranged on the upper portion of the cavitation water cylinder test section 3, a distribution device 5 is installed on the cavitation water cylinder upper cover plate 2 through a positioning device, the central line of the distribution device 5 is perpendicular to the cavitation water cylinder upper cover plate 2, the distribution device 5 penetrates through the cavitation water cylinder upper cover plate 2 and extends into the cavitation water cylinder test section 3, and a test model ice 6 is clamped at the lower end of the distribution device 5; a long shaft power instrument 7 is further installed in the cavitation water cylinder test section 3, and a paddle mold 8 is installed at the end part of the long shaft power instrument 7; an observation window 4 is arranged on one side wall of the test section 3 of the cavitation water cylinder;

the paddle mold hydrodynamic acquisition card 1 is arranged outside the cavitation water cylinder test section 3, the paddle mold hydrodynamic acquisition card 1 is connected with the long shaft power instrument 7 through a first data line, the high-speed camera 10 is further arranged outside the observation window 4, the high-speed camera 10 is connected with the image acquisition controller 9, and the illumination light source 11 is further arranged beside the high-speed camera 10 to meet the light quantity of the high-speed camera 10.

The distribution device 5 realizes axial, vertical and lateral positioning through the positioning device.

The distributing device 5 is positioned at the upper part of the test propeller model in front of the incoming flow.

The long shaft power instrument 7 is positioned on an upstream outgoing shaft of the incoming flow of the cavitation water cylinder test section 3, and the long shaft power instrument 7 is fixed with the inner wall bolt of the cavitation water cylinder test section 3 through a support frame.

The high-speed camera 10 comprises a first camera and a second camera, the first camera and the second camera are connected through a second data line, the first camera is connected with the image acquisition controller 9 through a third data line, when the test model ice 6 is released, the image acquisition controller 9 gives a trigger signal to control the first camera and the second camera to start image shooting synchronously; the first camera is connected with the paddle module hydrodynamic acquisition card 1 through a fourth data line, and in the process of acquiring the time history change of the paddle module pushing torque hydrodynamic force, the paddle module hydrodynamic acquisition card 1 can acquire signals for starting and ending image acquisition of the high-speed camera 10 through the fourth data line.

The testing method of the device for testing hydrodynamic performance synchronization of the ice paddles impacting the propeller comprises the following operation steps:

firstly, selecting a certain section of a cavitation water cylinder as a cavitation water cylinder test section 3;

the testing section 3 of the cavitation water cylinder is transversely arranged, an upper cover plate 2 of the cavitation water cylinder is arranged at the top of the testing section 3 of the cavitation water cylinder, then a distributing device 5 is vertically arranged on the upper cover plate 2 of the cavitation water cylinder, and the distributing device 5 extends into the testing section 3 of the cavitation water cylinder;

then a long shaft power meter 7 and a paddle mold 8 are installed;

the paddle mould hydrodynamic force acquisition card 1, the illumination light source 11, the high-speed camera 10 and the image acquisition controller 9 are arranged outside the cavitation water cylinder test section 3;

starting the water speed of the cavitation water cylinder and the rotating speed of the propeller to operate under a specified working condition, measuring the time-lapse change of the thrust and the torque of the paddle die 8 by the long-axis power meter 7, and recording the time-lapse change on the paddle die hydrodynamic acquisition card 1;

after the hydrodynamic curve of the ice cube model is stably collected, releasing test model ice 6 by a distributing device 5, then giving a trigger signal by an image collecting controller 9, and controlling a high-speed camera 10 to synchronously shoot the ice cube movement and ice cube collision process from different visual angles;

the paddle module water power acquisition card 1 records the paddle module water power and simultaneously receives signals of the moment when the high-speed camera 10 starts and finishes image shooting;

the corresponding relation between the image acquisition of the high-speed camera 10 and the time of the paddle mold hydrodynamic acquisition card 1 and the image acquisition frame number of the high-speed camera 10 are combined, so that ice block movement, ice paddle collision action states and corresponding paddle mold hydrodynamic performance results at different times can be obtained.

The specific structure and function of the invention are as follows:

the distributing device 5 is fixed on an upper cover plate 2 of the cavitation water cylinder test section 3, the distributing device 5 is located on the upper portion of the incoming flow front of the test propeller model after being axially, vertically and laterally positioned, the test model ice 6 is clamped and fixed at the lower end of the distributing device 5, the initial position positioning and distributing of the test model ice 6 are achieved, and the test model ice 6 freely moves towards the downstream of the cavitation water cylinder under the action of the rotary suction force, the buoyancy force, the gravity and the like of the propeller after being released.

The long shaft power meter 7 is fixed with a bolt on the inner wall of the cavity water cylinder through a support frame by an upstream outgoing shaft of the incoming flow of the cavity water cylinder, a test propeller model (a propeller mould 8) is fixed at the end part of the long shaft, a propeller mould driving device and a thrust torque balance are arranged in the hollow of the long shaft, and the time history change of thrust and torque of the propeller mould in the rotating process can be measured.

The paddle mould water power acquisition card 1 is positioned outside the cavity bubble water cylinder and is connected with the long shaft power instrument 7 through a first data line.

The two high-speed cameras 10 are located outside the transparent observation window 4 on the side face of the bubble water cylinder and are composed of a first camera and a second camera, the visual angle of the first camera is large, the first camera is used for recording the motion track of model ice and the integral action effect of collision cutting of ice paddles, and the second camera focuses and captures the collision damage process of the model ice and the paddles.

The two high-speed cameras 10 are connected through a second data line, so that the image acquisition synchronization of the two cameras is ensured.

The first camera is connected with the image acquisition controller 9 through a third data line, and when the model ice is released, the image acquisition controller 9 gives a trigger signal to control the high-speed camera 10 to start to shoot images synchronously.

The first camera is connected with the paddle mould hydrodynamic force acquisition card 1 through a fourth data line, and in the time history change acquisition process of the paddle mould pushing torsion hydrodynamic force, the paddle mould hydrodynamic force acquisition card 1 can acquire signals of starting and ending image acquisition of the two cameras through the fourth data line so as to ensure real-time correspondence of the acquired images and the paddle mould hydrodynamic force and realize synchronous acquisition of ice block motion states, the ice paddle collision process and the paddle mould hydrodynamic force at different moments.

The illumination light source 11 is positioned outside the transparent observation window 4 of the bubble water cylinder so as to meet the requirement of high-speed camera 10 on image acquisition and high frame rate on the quantity of incoming light.

After the components of the platform device are connected and assembled, the water speed of the cavitation water cylinder and the rotating speed of the propeller are started to operate under a specified working condition, the thrust and torque changes of the paddle die are measured by the long-axis power meter 7, and the changes are recorded on the paddle die hydrodynamic collecting card 1. After the hydrodynamic curve of the paddle mold is stably collected, the test model ice 6 is released by the distributing device 5, then the image collection controller 9 gives out a trigger signal to control the two high-speed cameras 10 to synchronously shoot the ice block movement and ice paddle collision action process from different visual angles, and the paddle mold hydrodynamic collection card 1 records the hydrodynamic force of the paddle mold and receives time signals of starting and ending image shooting of the high-speed cameras 10. By combining the corresponding relationship between the image acquisition of the high-speed camera 10 and the moment of paddle mold hydrodynamic force acquisition and the number of image acquisition frames of the high-speed camera 10, the ice block movement, the ice paddle collision action state and the corresponding paddle mold hydrodynamic force performance results at different moments can be obtained.

As shown in fig. 2, a schematic diagram of a curve of a synchronous signal of thrust time-lapse change of a paddle module and high-speed shooting acquired by an ice paddle collision model test is shown, a solid line is a time-lapse signal curve of the paddle module thrust, an action process of ice paddle collision occurs in a large-amplitude fluctuation section in the curve, and a dotted line is an acquisition signal line of the high-speed camera 10. When the test model ice 6 is released, the image acquisition controller 9 gives a trigger signal, the two high-speed cameras 10 start image acquisition, and the paddle-model water power acquisition card 1 receives a rising edge voltage signal as the initial time record of image acquisition. And calculating the acquisition duration of the image according to the maximum image storage capacity and the acquisition frame number of the high-speed camera 10, and taking the acquisition duration as a falling edge signal to finish synchronous acquisition.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, for the results of the synchronous testing of the two typical ice paddle collision processes and the paddle model thrust, the two high-speed cameras 10 synchronously acquire the motion of the test model ice 6 and the ice paddle collision process from the overall and local view angles, respectively. Under different ice cube geometric dimensions, release condition and oar mould operating condition, there are different collision effect modes such as single, many times ice cube and paddle, and the thrust variation curve of oar mould also has great difference. According to the corresponding relation between the ice paddle collision image and the moment of paddle mode thrust acquisition, the time-space multi-feature change information of ice paddle collision can be obtained through the synchronous testing method, and a reliable basis is provided for comprehensively analyzing the influence of ice paddle collision on the hydrodynamic performance of the propeller.

The above description is intended to be illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, which may be modified in any manner within the scope of the invention.