阅读说明：本技术 一种炻质砖坯料及其制备方法与炻质砖 (Stoneware brick blank, preparation method thereof and stoneware brick ) 是由 胡细平 詹琼璇 卢锦葵 刘传军 段国红 刘旋 于 2020-05-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种炻质砖坯料及其制备方法。按重量份计,所述炻质砖坯料包括：SiO<Sub>2</Sub>:68～70份、Al<Sub>2</Sub>O<Sub>3</Sub>:18～19份、Fe<Sub>2</Sub>O<Sub>3</Sub>:0～1.2份、CaO:0～0.5份、MgO:1～1.2份、K<Sub>2</Sub>O:2.4～2.8份、Na<Sub>2</Sub>O：1.4～1.8份。与现有炻质砖坯料相比,本发明所述炻质砖坯料以K<Sub>2</Sub>O、Na<Sub>2</Sub>O作为主要熔剂,降低了现有炻质砖坯料配方中CaO、MgO含量,使所述炻质砖坯料的收缩率在较宽的烧成温度范围(1150～1220℃)内随着烧成温度的提高以及吸水率的降低呈现出较好的线性变化,有利于实际生产中对炻质砖产品尺寸进行控制和避免出现鼓缩腰的问题。(The invention discloses a stoneware brick blank and a preparation method thereof. The stoneware brick blank comprises the following components in parts by weight: SiO 2 2 68 to 70 parts by weight、Al 2 O 3 18 to 19 parts of Fe 2 O 3 0 to 1.2 parts, 0 to 0.5 part of CaO, 1 to 1.2 parts of MgO, and K 2 2.4 to 2.8 portions of O and Na 2 O: 1.4-1.8 parts. Compared with the prior stoneware brick blank, the stoneware brick blank of the invention adopts K 2 O、Na 2 The content of CaO and MgO in the conventional stoneware brick blank formula is reduced by taking O as a main flux, so that the shrinkage rate of the stoneware brick blank shows better linear change along with the increase of the firing temperature and the reduction of the water absorption rate within a wider firing temperature range (1150-1220 ℃), and the stoneware brick is beneficial to controlling the size of a stoneware brick product in actual production and avoiding the problem of bulging and waisting.)

1. A stoneware tile blank is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: SiO 2₂68 to 70 parts of Al₂O₃18 to 19 parts of Fe₂O₃0 to 1.2 parts, 0 to 0.5 part of CaO, 1 to 1.2 parts of MgO, and K₂2.4 to 2.8 portions of O and Na₂O: 1.4-1.8 parts.

2. The stoneware tile blank of claim 1, comprising, in parts by weight: SiO 2₂69 parts of Al₂O₃18 parts of Fe₂O₃0.5 portion, 0.3 portion of CaO, 1.1 portion of MgO, K₂2.5 parts of O and Na₂O: 1.5 parts.

3. A method of preparing a stoneware tile blank as claimed in any of claims 1-2, comprising:

mixing raw materials of the green stoneware with water to prepare stoneware brick slurry;

performing spray drying on the stoneware brick slurry to prepare stoneware brick powder;

pressing and molding the stoneware tile powder to prepare a stoneware tile blank;

wherein, stoneware adobe raw materials include: plastic raw materials, high-temperature potassium sand, medium-low temperature sand, waste materials and flux raw materials.

4. The method for preparing a stoneware tile blank according to claim 3, wherein said plastic raw material is clay.

5. The method for preparing stoneware tile blank according to claim 3, wherein said high temperature potash sand comprises, in parts by weight: k₂O: 3 to 4 parts of Al₂O₃: 17 to 19 parts of Fe₂O₃:0 to 0.8 portion.

6. The method for preparing stoneware tile blank according to claim 3, wherein said medium-low temperature sand comprises, in parts by weight: al (Al)₂O₃: 16 to 18 parts of K₂O+Na₂O: 7-9 parts.

7. Method for preparing stoneware tile blank according to claim 3, characterized in that said scrap comprises: polishing edging waste material, and crushing ceramic tile waste material.

8. The method for preparing a stoneware tile blank according to claim 3, wherein said stoneware tile raw materials further comprise, in parts by weight: sodium silicate: 0.8-1.0 part of reinforcing agent: 0.1 to 0.2 portion.

9. The method for preparing a stoneware tile blank according to claim 3, wherein the weight percentage of water in the stoneware tile powder is 6.6-7.2%.

10. A stoneware tile produced by using a green stoneware comprising a stoneware tile according to any of claims 1-2.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of ceramic tiles, in particular to a stoneware tile blank, a preparation method thereof and a stoneware tile.

Background

The primary side ceramic tile is relative to the ceramic tile with the edge polished, namely the ceramic tile with the edge kept in the appearance shape during molding without post-edging treatment after the green body is molded and sintered.

Primary side wood grain ceramic tile products are important components in ceramic decorative materials. The wood grain brick decorative surface of the primary side wood grain ceramic brick has the advantages of wood-like effect, more wood-like effect, vivid vision, fine texture, real wood-like texture mechanism, anti-skid effect of the surface texture, and obvious advantages.

Primary side wood grain ceramic tiles are popular among young consumers in recent years due to the fact that surface colors and effects of the primary side wood grain ceramic tiles are rich and colorful. Most of the primary wood grain brick products are long-strip-shaped, and the control difficulty of the edge straightness (bulging and shrinking) of the products is very high and is also particularly important. Most of primary side wood grain ceramic tile products in the market are stoneware tiles, the primary side wood grain ceramic tiles are manufactured by a one-time quick firing method, the water absorption rate is mostly controlled to be more than 6%, and most of blank formulas use quick-firing raw materials such as wollastonite, diopside and the like. However, when the water absorption of the stoneware product is greatly reduced due to requirements, the shrinkage of the stoneware blank is no longer linear, the product size is difficult to control, the problem of drum and waist shrinkage is easy to occur, and the actual production control is not facilitated.

Accordingly, the prior art is yet to be improved and developed.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a stoneware brick blank, a preparation method thereof and a stoneware brick, and aims to solve the problem that bulging and waisting are easy to occur in the preparation process of the conventional stoneware brick.

A stoneware tile blank comprises the following components in parts by weight: SiO 2₂68 to 70 parts of Al₂O₃18 to 19 parts of Fe₂O₃0 to 1.2 parts, 0 to 0.5 part of CaO, 1 to 1.2 parts of MgO, and K₂2.4 to 2.8 portions of O and Na₂O: 1.4-1.8 parts.

The stoneware brick blank comprises the following components in parts by weight: SiO 2₂69 parts of Al₂O₃18 parts of Fe₂O₃0.5 portion, 0.3 portion of CaO, 1.1 portion of MgO, K₂2.5 parts of O and Na₂O: 1.5 parts.

A method for preparing a stoneware tile blank comprises the following steps:

s100, mixing raw materials of the green stoneware tiles with water to prepare stoneware tile slurry;

s200, performing spray drying on the stoneware brick slurry to prepare powder, and preparing stoneware brick powder;

s300, pressing and molding the stoneware brick powder to prepare a stoneware brick blank;

wherein, stoneware adobe raw materials include: plastic raw materials, high-temperature potassium sand, medium-low temperature sand, waste materials and flux raw materials.

The preparation method of the stoneware brick blank comprises the step of preparing a ceramic tile blank from a ceramic raw material, wherein the ceramic tile blank is prepared from clay.

The preparation method of the stoneware tile blank comprises the following steps of: k₂O: 3 to 4 parts of Al₂O₃: 17 to 19 parts of Fe₂O₃:0 to 0.8 portion.

The preparation method of the stoneware brick blank comprises the following steps of: al (Al)₂O₃: 16 to 18 parts of K₂O+Na₂O: 7-9 parts.

The preparation method of the stoneware tile blank comprises the following steps: polishing edging waste material, and crushing ceramic tile waste material.

The preparation method of the green stoneware comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: sodium silicate: 0.8-1.0 part of reinforcing agent: 0.1 to 0.2 portion.

The preparation method of the stoneware brick blank comprises the step of mixing stoneware brick powder with water in a weight percentage of 6.6-7.2%.

A stoneware tile is prepared by adopting the stoneware tile blank.

Has the advantages that: compared with the prior stoneware brick blank, the stoneware brick blank of the invention adopts K₂O、Na₂The O is used as a main flux, so that the contents of CaO and MgO in the conventional stoneware tile blank formula are reduced, the high-temperature firing performance is greatly improved, and the method is suitable for producing stoneware original-mold wood grain tiles with the water absorption rate of 1-9%. The green stoneware brick material has a sintering water absorption of about 7% at about 1190 ℃ and a shrinkage of about 5.3-5.6%, and after the temperature is continuously increased by 20-30 ℃, the water absorption is gradually reduced to 3.5-5%, and the shrinkage is 6.3-6.8%. Therefore, the shrinkage rate of the stoneware brick blank shows good linear change along with the increase of the firing temperature and the reduction of the water absorption rate within a wider firing temperature range (1150-1220 ℃), and the stoneware brick blank is beneficial to controlling the dimension of the stoneware brick product in actual production and avoiding the problem of bulging and waisting.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing a stoneware tile blank.

Detailed Description

The invention provides a stoneware brick blank, a preparation method thereof and a stoneware brick, and the invention is further described in detail below in order to make the purpose, technical scheme and effect of the invention clearer and clearer. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

In the production and preparation process, when the water absorption of the stoneware brick is greatly reduced, the high content of CaO and MgO in the stoneware brick can cause poor high-temperature firing performance and narrow high-temperature firing range of a stoneware brick blank, so that the shrinkage of the stoneware brick blank in the high-temperature firing process is not linear change any more, and the problems of difficulty in controlling the size of the stoneware brick and drum shrinkage are caused.

The invention provides a stoneware brick blank, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: SiO 2₂68 to 70 parts of Al₂O₃18 to 19 parts of Fe₂O₃0 to 1.2 parts, 0 to 0.5 part of CaO, 1 to 1.2 parts of MgO, and K₂2.4 to 2.8 portions of O and Na₂O: 1.4-1.8 parts.

Compared with the prior stoneware brick blank, the stoneware brick blank of the invention adopts K₂O、Na₂And the O is used as a main flux, so that the contents of CaO and MgO in the stoneware tile blank formula are reduced, the high-temperature firing performance is greatly improved, and the method is suitable for producing stoneware original mold wood grain tiles with the water absorption rate of 1-9%. The green stoneware brick material has a sintering water absorption of about 7% at about 1190 ℃ and a shrinkage of about 5.3-5.6%, and after the temperature is continuously increased by 20-30 ℃, the water absorption is gradually reduced to 3.5-5%, and the shrinkage is 6.3-6.8. Therefore, the shrinkage rate of the stoneware brick blank shows good linear change along with the increase of the firing temperature and the reduction of the water absorption rate within a wider firing temperature range (1150-1220 ℃), and the stoneware brick blank is beneficial to controlling the product size in actual production and avoiding the problem of bulging and waisting.

It is noted that Fe in the stoneware tile blank₂O₃:01.2 parts of Fe in the weight parts of the components of the stoneware brick blank₂O₃Not more than 1.2 parts, i.e. Fe₂O₃Less than or equal to 1.2 portions; 0-0.5 part of CaO in the green stoneware brick refers to that CaO is not more than 0.5 part, namely CaO is not more than 0.5 part, in the weight parts of the components of the green stoneware brick. Particularly, Fe is contained in the weight portion proportion of each component of the stoneware brick blank₂O₃0 portion of CaO, namely the stoneware brick blank does not contain Fe completely₂O₃And CaO.

In one embodiment of the invention, the stoneware tile blank comprises the following components in parts by weight: SiO 2₂69 parts of Al₂O₃18 parts of Fe₂O₃0.5 portion, 0.3 portion of CaO, 1.1 portion of MgO, K₂2.5 parts of O and Na₂O: 1.5 parts. Compared with the existing stoneware brick blank, the stoneware brick blank has lower contents of CaO and MgO, can realize that the shrinkage rate of the stoneware brick blank is linearly changed along with the reduction of water absorption rate in the firing process, and avoids the problem of shrinkage of the drum. Meanwhile, the content of CaO in the green stoneware is not zero, so that the selection range of raw materials of the green stoneware is widened.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the stoneware tile blank, which comprises the following steps:

adding water into raw materials of the stoneware green bricks, and mixing to prepare stoneware brick slurry;

performing spray drying on the stoneware brick slurry to prepare stoneware brick powder;

pressing and molding the stoneware tile powder to prepare a stoneware tile blank;

wherein, stoneware adobe raw materials include: plastic raw materials, high-temperature potassium sand, medium-low temperature sand, waste materials and flux raw materials.

The stoneware green brick raw material does not use traditional wollastonite, diopside and other materials suitable for fast firing, reduces the content of CaO and MgO in the formula, uses the conventional feldspar raw material, greatly improves the high-temperature firing performance, and is suitable for producing stoneware prototype wood grain bricks with the water absorption rate of 1-9%.

The traditional method for preparing wood grain brick blanks by using quick-firing raw materials such as wollastonite is only suitable for producing products with water absorption rate of more than 6%, the actual water absorption rate is usually about 7%, the corresponding shrinkage rate is about 4.0-4.5%, the firing temperature is about 1180 ℃, if the firing temperature is continuously increased by 20-30 ℃, the water absorption rate is reduced sharply, the water absorption rate is easily reduced to within 3%, and the shrinkage rate is about 5.0%. It can be seen that the traditional stoneware green brick formula is too sensitive to firing temperature when the water absorption is reduced to be within 6%, so that the method is not suitable for the production of products with water absorption within 6%.

The blank is sintered at a temperature of about 1190 ℃, the water absorption rate is about 7 percent, the shrinkage rate is about 5.3-5.6 percent, the water absorption rate is gradually reduced to 3.5-5 percent after the temperature is continuously increased for 20-30 ℃, and the shrinkage rate is changed to 6.3-6.8 and shows linear change. Therefore, the shrinkage rate of the blank shows good linear change along with the increase of temperature and the reduction of water absorption within a wider sintering temperature range (1150-1220 ℃), and the method is beneficial to controlling the size of a stoneware brick product in actual production and avoiding the problem of bulging and waisting.

The stoneware brick blank is prepared by mixing plastic raw materials, high-temperature potassium sand, medium-low temperature sand, waste materials and flux raw materials according to a certain proportion, spray drying, press forming and the like. Namely, the invention can obtain the stoneware brick blank with low content of CaO and MgO by reasonably matching the plastic raw material, the high-temperature potassium sand, the medium-low temperature sand, the waste material and the flux, and further effectively control the size of the stoneware brick product. Specifically, in one embodiment of the invention, the stoneware green brick raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: plastic raw materials: 33 parts of high-temperature potassium sand: 25 parts of medium-low temperature sand: 23 parts of waste material: 18 parts and 2 parts of flux raw materials.

In one embodiment of the invention, the stoneware green brick raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: plastic raw materials: 30-35 parts of high-temperature potassium sand: 22-28 parts of medium-low temperature sand: 20-25 parts of waste material: 15-20 parts of flux raw material and 2-3 parts of flux raw material.

The plastic raw material is mainly pug, such as clay, which is named kaolin. The plastic raw material mainly plays a role in plasticity in raw materials of green stoneware bricks, and the plasticity is very high. In one embodiment of the present invention, the plastic raw material is clay, but is not limited thereto.

The high-temperature potassium sand can play a role of a framework when being sintered, and the high-temperature strength of the blank is improved. In one embodiment of the present invention, the high temperature potash sand includes, in parts by weight: k₂O: 3 to 4 parts of Al₂O₃: 17 to 19 parts of Fe₂O₃:0 to 0.8 portion. Wherein, the weight portion of the Fe is₂O₃:0 to 0.8 part of Fe₂O₃The content of (A) is not more than 0.8 part.

Further, the high-temperature potassium sand comprises the following components in parts by weight: k₂O: 4 parts of Al₂O₃:18 parts of Fe₂O₃:0.5 part.

The medium-low temperature sand contains potassium feldspar and albite, so that the initial melting temperature of a blank can be reduced, and quick sintering is facilitated. In one embodiment of the present invention, the medium and low temperature sand comprises, in parts by weight: al (Al)₂O₃: 16 to 18 parts of K₂O+Na₂O: 7-9 parts. Wherein, K is₂O+Na₂O means K₂O and Na₂Sum of the weight of O.

Further, the medium-low temperature sand comprises the following components in parts by weight: al (Al)₂O₃: 17 parts, K₂O+Na₂O: 8 parts.

In one embodiment of the invention, the waste material comprises: polishing edging waste material, and crushing ceramic tile waste material. The polishing edging waste is ceramic waste generated when a polishing edging procedure is carried out in the production and preparation process of ceramic products. The broken ceramic tile waste refers to ceramic fragments generated after ceramic tiles are broken. Furthermore, the waste material may also be various waste materials generated in the raw material section, such as kaolin waste material, solvent waste material. Optionally, before the material preparation, the method further comprises performing ball milling treatment on the waste material to obtain the waste material meeting the fineness requirement.

The flux raw material is mainly a talc raw material. The flux raw material mainly functions to reduce the sintering temperature of the ceramic. The green stoneware brick contains flux raw materials, so that the firing temperature is reduced, and the loss of firing energy is reduced. In one embodiment of the present invention, the MgO content in the flux material is 21 to 24% by weight.

In one embodiment of the invention, the stoneware green brick raw material further comprises the following components in parts by weight: sodium silicate: 0.8-1.0 part of reinforcing agent: 0.1 to 0.2 portion. The sodium silicate and the reinforcing agent are used as additives of the stoneware brick blank. Wherein the sodium silicate is used for improving the fluidity in the process of preparing the green stoneware; the reinforcing agent improves the strength of the stoneware tile.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the reinforcing agent is selected from at least one of sodium lignosulfonate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol and cellulose ether. The reinforcing agent can play a role in preventing stoneware tiles from cracking.

The S100 is specifically: batching according to a preset proportion of raw materials of the green stoneware, adding a certain amount of water, and then carrying out ball milling on a mixture of the raw materials of the green stoneware and the water in a ball mill to prepare semi-finished slurry; sieving the semi-finished product slurry to prepare stoneware tile slurry (finished product slurry); and then, carrying out slurry tank batch on the finished slurry.

In S100, in an embodiment of the present invention, the weight ratio of the raw stoneware tile to water is 1: 0.46. the weight proportion of the raw materials of the green stoneware and water can directly influence the weight percentage content, viscosity and specific gravity of water in the stoneware slurry, and the weight proportion of the raw materials of the green stoneware (dry materials) and water is 1: 0.46, which is beneficial to obtaining stoneware slurry with proper viscosity and specific gravity.

In the ball milling process of S100, the loading capacity of the ball mill is 45 tons; the ball milling time is 10-11 hours. The longer the ball milling time is, the smaller the fineness of the semi-finished slurry prepared by the ball milling time is.

Further, the fineness of the semi-finished slurry is controlled to be 1.4-1.8% of the residue of a 250-mesh (inlet) sieve. The fineness of the semi-finished slurry can ensure that the prepared stoneware brick blank has a proper shrinkage rate range, has good mechanical strength after firing, and has lower electricity consumption per unit consumption when ball milling is carried out.

And S100, sieving the semi-finished product slurry to prepare finished product slurry, and specifically, sieving the semi-finished product slurry by a 70-mesh sieve to prepare the finished product slurry. And screening the semi-finished slurry to avoid the condition that the quality of the stoneware tile product is influenced by oversize particles of the prepared stoneware tile blank.

In the S100 pulp pond group batch, the pulp pond group batch is kept above 500 tons as much as possible so as to ensure the stability of the stoneware brick blank.

In the S100, in one embodiment of the invention, the stoneware slurry contains 31-34 wt% of water; the viscosity of the stoneware tile slurry is 40-90 seconds; the specific gravity of the stoneware tile slurry is 1.7-1.75.

And S200, specifically, spray-drying the stoneware brick slurry by using a spray-drying tower to prepare powder, and obtaining stoneware brick powder.

In one embodiment of the invention, the weight percentage of water in the stoneware powder is 6.6-7.2%, the particles with more than 40 meshes in the stoneware powder are controlled to be 40-46%, and the volume weight of the powder is controlled to be more than 0.94g/mL, so that the stoneware powder is beneficial to press forming and preparation of stoneware tiles.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the S200 further includes: and (3) ageing the stoneware tile powder for more than 24 hours.

And S100, specifically, pressing and molding the stoneware tile powder under the unit pressure of 400-430 bar to obtain a stoneware tile blank with good green strength, easy drying and easy firing.

The invention also provides a stoneware brick, wherein the stoneware brick is prepared by adopting the stoneware brick blank. For example, the stoneware brick blank after being pressed and formed is sent to be sintered at high temperature to prepare the stoneware brick. Wherein the high-temperature sintering temperature is 1150-1220 ℃. In addition, before firing, glazing can also be carried out on the green stoneware. The glaze for glazing can be a protective glaze and/or a pattern decorative glaze.

The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.