阅读说明：本技术 一种织物超疏水表面的制备方法 (Preparation method of fabric super-hydrophobic surface ) 是由 刘艳花 崔佩 王彦平 史雪婷 冯利邦 于 2020-05-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种织物超疏水表面的制备方法,包括如下步骤：步骤一,以十八胺为囊芯,聚多巴胺为囊壁,制备聚多巴胺@十八胺微胶囊(PDA@ODA)整理剂；步骤二,利用真空抽滤法将所述PDA@ODA微胶囊整理剂抽滤沉积至织物表面；步骤三,将修饰PDA@ODA微胶囊整理剂的织物加热干燥,即可在织物上形成超疏水表面。本发明提供的真空抽滤沉积制备织物超疏水表面的方法,与传统方法相比,不需要复杂的仪器设备,不需要复杂的合成过程,不需要过长的时间,具有操作简单、方便等优点,且制备的织物超疏水表面具有良好的超疏水性能和良好的耐久性能。(The invention discloses a preparation method of a fabric super-hydrophobic surface, which comprises the following steps: preparing a poly-dopamine @ octadecylamine microcapsule (PDA @ ODA) finishing agent by taking octadecylamine as a capsule core and poly-dopamine as a capsule wall; step two, performing suction filtration and deposition on the PDA @ ODA microcapsule finishing agent to the surface of the fabric by using a vacuum filtration method; and step three, heating and drying the fabric modified with the PDA @ ODA microcapsule finishing agent to form a super-hydrophobic surface on the fabric. Compared with the traditional method, the method for preparing the fabric super-hydrophobic surface by vacuum filtration deposition provided by the invention does not need complex instruments and equipment, does not need complex synthesis process, does not need too long time, and has the advantages of simple and convenient operation and the like, and the prepared fabric super-hydrophobic surface has good super-hydrophobic performance and good durability.)

1. A preparation method of a fabric super-hydrophobic surface is characterized by comprising the following steps:

preparing a polydopamine @ octadecylamine microcapsule finishing agent by taking octadecylamine as a capsule core and polydopamine as a capsule wall;

step two, carrying out suction filtration and deposition on the polydopamine @ octadecylamine microcapsule finishing agent to the surface of the fabric by using a vacuum filtration method;

and step three, heating and drying the fabric modified with the polydopamine @ octadecylamine microcapsule finishing agent to form a super-hydrophobic surface on the fabric.

2. The method for preparing the fabric superhydrophobic surface according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, the octadecylamine capsule core is prepared by emulsifying octadecylamine in water, wherein the emulsifying ratio of octadecylamine and water is that 1-5g of octadecylamine is mixed with each 100m of L water.

3. The method for preparing the fabric superhydrophobic surface according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, the polydopamine capsule wall is formed by self-polymerization of dopamine hydrochloride in a Tris solution, wherein the concentration of the dopamine hydrochloride is 0.5-1mg/m L.

4. The method for preparing the fabric superhydrophobic surface according to claim 1, wherein: in the first step, the polydopamine @ octadecylamine microcapsule finishing agent is prepared in an interfacial polymerization reaction for 2-10 hours.

5. The method for preparing the fabric superhydrophobic surface according to claim 1, wherein: in the second step, the fabric is one of commercially available cotton fabric, polyester fabric and nylon fabric.

6. The method for preparing the fabric superhydrophobic surface according to claim 1, wherein: in the second step, the mass ratio of the polydopamine @ octadecylamine microcapsule finishing agent to the fabric is 10-50: 1.

7. The method for preparing the fabric superhydrophobic surface according to claim 1, wherein in the second step of vacuum filtration, the vacuum degree is 0.098MPa, the vacuum pumping speed is 60L/min, and the filtration time is 10-60 min.

8. The method for preparing the fabric superhydrophobic surface according to claim 1, wherein: in the third step, the heating temperature for heating and drying the fabric is 50-80 ℃, and the heating time is 30-60 min.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of super-hydrophobic materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a super-hydrophobic fabric.

Background

Based on the inspiration of the super-hydrophobic surfaces of natural lotus leaves, water strider legs, butterfly wings, mosquito compound eyes and the like, the bionic construction of the super-hydrophobic surface becomes an important research direction in the surface interface field in recent years. The bionic super-hydrophobic surface has wide application prospect in the fields of self-cleaning, antifouling, drag reduction, antifogging, icing prevention, corrosion resistance, oil-water separation and the like. However, most artificial superhydrophobic surfaces are complex in construction process, poor in stability of surface microstructures and low-surface-energy chemical substances, short in service life, and prone to losing superhydrophobic performance under the action of external force, so that preparation and application of superhydrophobic materials are limited. Therefore, the development of a simple and easy method for constructing a superhydrophobic surface, and the improvement of the durability of the superhydrophobic surface are urgent needs for the practicability of the superhydrophobic material, and are important problems to be solved urgently in the field of surface interfaces.

The super-hydrophobic fabric with the lotus leaf effect can be widely used as clothes and decorative materials for water resistance, oil resistance, stain resistance and the like due to the advantages of dirt resistance, no washing and the like, and has wide development and application prospects. The existing super-hydrophobic fabric is based on a bionic concept and a rough structure formed by fibers on the surface of the fabric, a nano-scale rough structure is constructed on the surface of a micro-scale structure to obtain a micro-nano double-stage structure, and the fabric with super-hydrophobic performance is obtained by modifying a low-surface-energy substance. However, the existing method for constructing the surface of the superhydrophobic fabric is relatively complex, and the fabric is easily damaged by mechanical scraping, abrasion or chemical action, so that the superhydrophobic fabric easily loses the hydrophobic function and the functional property of the superhydrophobic fabric is lost, thereby limiting the practical application of the superhydrophobic fabric. Therefore, there is a need to design and manufacture a fabric that is easy to manufacture and has long lasting performance.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems that the existing preparation method of the super-hydrophobic fabric is relatively complex, and the super-hydrophobic performance of the super-hydrophobic fabric is easily damaged by the actions of mechanical force, chemical action, ultraviolet light, high temperature and the like to cause failure, the invention provides a simple preparation method of the durable super-hydrophobic fabric.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for preparing a super-hydrophobic fabric surface at least comprises the following steps:

preparing a poly-dopamine @ octadecylamine microcapsule (PDA @ ODA) finishing agent by taking octadecylamine as a capsule core and poly-dopamine as a capsule wall;

step two, performing suction filtration and deposition on the PDA @ ODA microcapsule finishing agent to the surface of the fabric by using a vacuum filtration method;

and step three, heating and drying the fabric modified with the PDA @ ODA microcapsule finishing agent to form a super-hydrophobic surface on the fabric.

Preferably, in the first step, the octadecylamine capsule core is formed by emulsifying octadecylamine in water, wherein the emulsifying ratio of octadecylamine to water is 1-5:100(g/m L).

Preferably, in the first step, the polydopamine capsule wall is formed by self-polymerization of dopamine hydrochloride in a Tris solution, wherein the concentration of the dopamine hydrochloride is 0.5-1 mg/ml.

Preferably, in the first step, the PDA @ ODA microcapsule finishing agent takes octadecylamine as a capsule core and polydopamine as a capsule wall, the preparation method is interfacial polymerization, and the polymerization time is 2-10 h.

Preferably, in the second step, the fabric is one of commercially available cotton fabric, polyester fabric and nylon fabric.

Preferably, in step two, the mass ratio of PDA @ ODA microcapsule finish to fabric is 10-50: 1.

Preferably, in the second step, the deposition mode is vacuum filtration, and when the PDA @ ODA microcapsule finishing agent is subjected to vacuum filtration, the vacuum degree is 0.098MPa, the vacuum pumping speed is 60L/min, and the filtration time is 10-60 min.

Preferably, in the third step, after vacuum filtration, the fabric modified with the PDA @ ODA microcapsule finishing agent is heated and dried, wherein the heating temperature is 50-80 ℃, and the heating time is 30-60 min.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the spherical structure of the PDA @ ODA microcapsule finishing agent deposited on the surface of the fabric through vacuum filtration and the chemical characteristic of the surface alkyl chain of the PDA @ ODA microcapsule finishing agent have a synergistic effect with the chemical characteristic of low surface energy, so that the micro-nano double-stage structure and the low surface free energy of the surface of the fabric are endowed, the super-hydrophobic property of the surface of the fabric is realized, and the static contact angle of the prepared super-hydrophobic surface can reach 151 degrees. In addition, the super-hydrophobic fabric prepared by the method has good performances of friction resistance, washing resistance and ultraviolet resistance.

The preparation method of the fabric super-hydrophobic surface provided by the invention has the advantages of less used instruments and equipment, concise steps, short time and simple and convenient operation. The preparation process is carried out in a water system, and the preparation method is a simple and environment-friendly green preparation method.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a total reflection infrared spectrum of a blank cotton fabric and the superhydrophobic fabric prepared in example 1. It can be seen that the blank cotton fabric is 2921cm^-1And 2852cm^-1There was no significant C-H stretching peak, whereas the example 1PDA @ ODA suction-filtered deposited superhydrophobic fabric was 2921cm^-1And 2852cm^-1An obvious C-H stretching vibration peak appears, which indicates that the PDA @ ODA successfully modifies the cotton fabric.

FIG. 2 is a scanning electron microscope picture of a blank cotton fabric and the superhydrophobic fabric prepared in example 1: (a) the magnification of the blank fabric is 5000 times; (b) the magnification of the blank fabric is 30000 times; (c) the super-hydrophobic fabric prepared in example 1 has a magnification of 5000 times; (d) the super-hydrophobic fabric prepared in example 1 was magnified 30000 times. It can be seen that the fiber surface of the blank cotton fabric is relatively smooth, the surface of the super-hydrophobic fabric fiber deposited by the PDA @ ODA suction filtration in the embodiment 1 is provided with the nano-wires, and the two-stage structure of the cooperation of the micron-sized cotton fiber and the nano-sized capsule provides a structural basis for realizing super-hydrophobicity.

Fig. 3 is a photograph of the drop wetting of the surface of a blank cotton fabric and the superhydrophobic fabric prepared in example 1: (a) wetting the liquid drops on the surface of the blank sample, wherein the liquid drops completely soak the cotton fabric; (b) the liquid drops on the surface of the super-hydrophobic fabric prepared in example 1 are in a spherical shape.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the contact angle and the number of rubbing times of the superhydrophobic fabric prepared in example 1 after rubbing.

Fig. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the contact angle and the number of times of washing after the superhydrophobic fabric prepared in example 1 was washed.

FIG. 6 is a graph of contact angle versus dwell time for a superhydrophobic fabric prepared in example 1 exposed to 365nm ultraviolet light.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.