阅读说明：本技术 力检测输入结构 (Force detection input structure ) 是由 C·M·埃利 E·G·德琼 F·R·罗斯科普夫 于 2017-06-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请涉及力检测输入结构。本发明提供了一种输入机构,所述输入机构诸如表冠检测施用力的量。在各种实施例中,包括输入机构的组件具有壳体；杆状物,该杆状物耦接到该壳体,使得该杆状物能够相对于该壳体旋转、平移和横向移动；传感器,该传感器耦接在该杆状物和外壳之间,当该杆状物相对于该外壳移动时,力被传递到该传感器；以及处理单元,该处理单元耦接到该传感器。该处理单元可操作以基于来自该传感器的信号确定力的测量。(The present application relates to a force-detecting input structure. The present invention provides an input mechanism, such as a crown, that detects the amount of applied force. In various embodiments, an assembly including an input mechanism has a housing; a shaft coupled to the housing such that the shaft is capable of rotation, translation, and lateral movement relative to the housing; a sensor coupled between the shaft and the housing, a force being transferred to the sensor when the shaft moves relative to the housing; and a processing unit coupled to the sensor. The processing unit is operable to determine a measure of force based on the signal from the sensor.)

1. An electronic watch, comprising:

a housing defining an opening;

a touch display at least partially within the opening of the housing;

a crown positioned along one side of the housing and comprising:

a cover configured to receive a force input; and

a force sensor coupled to the cover and including a first conductive element and a second conductive element spaced apart from the first conductive element; and

a processing unit located within the housing and operatively coupled to the force sensor, the processing unit configured to estimate an amount of force input based on a change in capacitance between the first conductive element and the second conductive element.

2. The electronic watch of claim 1, wherein:

the crown further comprises a shaft coupled to the cover;

the opening is a first opening;

the housing defines a second opening along the one side of the housing; and

a shaft of the crown extends into a second opening and is rotatably coupled to the housing.

3. The electronic watch of claim 2, wherein:

a force sensor located between the shaft of the crown and the cap;

a force input moves the cover relative to the shaft; and

movement of the cover causes a change in capacitance between the first conductive element and the second conductive element.

4. The electronic watch of claim 2, wherein:

the force sensor is positioned along a distal end of the shaft;

a force input moves the cover and the shaft relative to the housing; and

movement of the cover and the shaft causes a change in capacitance between the first conductive element and the second conductive element.

5. The electronic watch of claim 4, wherein:

the electronic watch further comprises a dome switch positioned along the distal end of the shaft; and

the force sensor is located between the dome switch and the shaft.

6. The electronic watch of claim 1, wherein:

the first conductive element is separated from the second conductive element by a compliant material; and

the force input deforms the compliant material, thereby bringing the first conductive element closer to the second conductive element.

7. The electronic watch of claim 6, wherein the compliant material is a silicone material.

8. An electronic watch, comprising:

a housing;

a display at least partially within the housing;

a crown rotatably coupled to the housing and configured to receive a rotational input, the crown including a force sensor configured to deform in response to a force applied to the crown; and

a processing unit positioned within the housing and operably coupled to the force sensor, the processing unit configured to estimate the amount of force in response to an output of the force sensor;

wherein:

the display is responsive to the amount of force estimated by the processing unit; and

the display is responsive to rotational input received by the crown.

9. The electronic watch of claim 8, wherein:

the force sensor includes a first conductive element and a second conductive element;

a compliant material positioned between the first conductive element and the second conductive element; and

the compliant material is configured to deform in response to a force applied to the crown.

10. The electronic watch of claim 9, wherein:

the electronic watch further includes an inner core coupled to the outer shell;

the crown includes a cover coupled to the inner core;

a first conductive element fixed relative to the inner core; and

the second conductive element is fixed relative to the cover.

11. The electronic watch of claim 8, wherein:

the crown includes a cap configured to receive a force; and

the force displaces the cover toward the housing.

12. The electronic watch of claim 8, wherein:

the force is a first force;

the crown includes a cover configured to receive a first force;

the cover is configured to displace in a first direction toward the housing in response to receiving the first force;

the cover is configured to receive a second force;

the cover is configured to be displaced in a second direction transverse to the first direction in response to a second force; and

the display is responsive to a second force applied to the crown.

13. The electronic watch of claim 8, wherein:

the display is configured to display an icon;

the processing unit is configured to determine whether an amount of force exceeds a threshold; and

in response to the force exceeding the threshold, executing an application associated with the icon.

14. An electronic watch, comprising:

a housing;

a display at least partially located within the housing and configured to display graphical output;

a crown coupled to the housing and comprising:

a cap defining an outer surface configured to receive a force; and

a force sensor coupled to the cover and configured to generate a non-binary output in response to a received force; and

a processing unit configured to modify a graphical output of a display in response to the non-binary output.

15. The electronic watch of claim 14, wherein:

the force sensor comprises a first conductive element and a second conductive element;

the first conductive element is separated from the second conductive element by a compliant dielectric material; and

the force sensor is configured to generate the non-binary output based on a change in capacitance between the first and second conductive elements caused by the received force.

16. The electronic watch of claim 15, wherein:

the crown includes a shaft coupled to the cover;

a first conductive element fixed relative to the cover; and

a second conductive element is fixed relative to the shaft.

17. The electronic watch of claim 14, wherein the processing unit is configured to determine whether the non-binary output exceeds a threshold.

18. The electronic watch of claim 17, wherein the electronic watch is configured to execute an application in response to the non-binary output exceeding the threshold.

19. The electronic watch of claim 14, wherein:

the force sensor comprises a strain gauge; and

the strain gauge is configured to produce the non-binary output in response to the received force.

20. The electronic watch of claim 14, wherein:

the force sensor comprises a piezoelectric element; and

the piezoelectric element is configured to generate the non-binary output in response to the received force.

21. An electronic watch, comprising:

a housing defining an opening;

a touch display configured to display graphical output and located at least partially within an opening of the housing;

a crown coupled to the housing and comprising:

a cover configured to receive a force input; and

a shaft coupled to the cover;

a force sensor coupled to the crown and configured to generate an electrical signal in response to the force input; and

a processing unit located within the housing and operably coupled to the force sensor, the processing unit configured to:

detecting a change in the electrical signal; and

modifying a graphical output of the touch display in response to a change in the electrical signal exceeding a threshold.

22. The electronic watch of claim 21, wherein modifying the graphical output comprises selecting an icon displayed on the touch display.

23. The electronic watch of claim 22, wherein:

the threshold is a first threshold; and

in response to the change in the electrical signal exceeding a second threshold, the processing unit is configured to execute an application associated with the icon.

24. The electronic watch of claim 23, wherein the second threshold is greater than the first threshold.

25. The electronic watch of claim 21, wherein the force sensor is configured to detect the change in the electrical signal in response to a force input applied along an axial direction substantially parallel to an axis of the shaft.

26. The electronic watch of claim 21, wherein the force sensor is configured to estimate a direction in which the force input is applied.

27. An electronic watch, comprising:

a housing;

a display at least partially located within the housing and configured to display graphical output;

a crown coupled with the housing and configured to receive a force input;

a force sensor coupled to the crown and configured to generate an electrical signal in response to the force input; and

a processing unit located within the housing and operably coupled to the force sensor, the processing unit configured to:

detecting a change in the electrical signal; and

modifying a graphical output of the display in response to a change in the electrical signal exceeding a threshold.

28. The electronic watch of claim 27, wherein:

the crown includes a shaft extending into an opening defined by the housing; and

the crown is configured to rotate an axis of the shaft in response to a rotational input.

29. The electronic watch of claim 28, wherein:

the graphical output of the display is responsive to the rotational input and the force input.

30. The electronic watch of claim 27, wherein:

the force sensor includes a first conductor and a second conductor separated by a dielectric; and

the dielectric includes a compliant material that deforms in response to the force input, causing the first and second conductors to move closer together.

31. The electronic watch of claim 30, wherein the electrical signal corresponds to a capacitance between the first conductor and the second conductor.

32. The electronic watch of claim 27, wherein:

the force sensor comprises a strain gauge;

the strain gauge is configured to deform in response to the force input; and

the electrical signal is a voltage.

33. The electronic watch of claim 27, wherein:

the force sensor includes a piezoelectric material that deforms in response to a force input; and

the electrical signal is one or more of: a voltage or a charge.

34. An electronic watch, comprising:

a housing defining an opening;

a display at least partially enclosed by the housing and configured to display graphical output;

a crown coupled to the housing and configured to receive a force input;

a force sensor coupled to the crown and configured to generate an electrical signal in response to the force input; and

a processing unit located within the housing and operably coupled to the force sensor, the processing unit configured to:

detecting a change in the electrical signal; and

modifying a graphical output of the display in response to a change in the electrical signal.

35. The electronic watch of claim 34, further comprising:

an optical sensor operable to detect rotational movement of the crown; and

a translation sensor operable to detect translational movement of the crown.

36. The electronic watch of claim 35, wherein:

the translational movement is in a first direction; and

the force input is applied in a second direction transverse to the first direction.

37. The electronic watch of claim 34, wherein:

the force sensor includes a first conductor spaced apart from a second conductor; and

the change in the electrical signal corresponds to a change in capacitance between the first conductor and the second conductor in response to the force input.

38. The electronic watch of claim 34, wherein the graphical output varies continuously as a function of the variation in the electrical signal.

39. The electronic watch of claim 34, wherein:

the display is a touch-sensitive display configured to receive touch input;

the crown is configured to rotate in response to a rotational input; and

the graphical output is responsive to touch input and rotation input.

40. The electronic watch of claim 39, wherein the electronic watch is configured to estimate a direction in which the force input is applied.

41. An electronic watch, comprising:

a housing;

a touch display configured to display a graphical output and coupled to the housing;

a crown coupled to the housing and configured to receive a force input;

a force sensor coupled to the crown and configured to generate an electrical signal in response to the force input; and

a processing unit located within the housing and operably coupled to the force sensor, the processing unit configured to:

in response to the electrical signal exceeding a first threshold, causing the touch display to display a first modification to a graphical output of the touch display; and

in response to the electrical signal exceeding a second threshold, causing the touch display to display a second modification to the graphical output of the touch display.

42. The electronic watch of claim 41, wherein the force sensor comprises a first conductor separated from a second conductor by a dielectric.

43. The electronic watch of claim 42, wherein a distance between the first conductor and the second conductor varies in proportion to an amount of the force input.

44. The electronic watch of claim 42, wherein:

the crown includes a cap configured to receive the force input;

the electronic watch further includes a collar at least partially surrounded by the cover;

a first conductor is coupled to the cover; and

a second conductor is coupled to the collar.

45. The electronic watch of claim 41, wherein:

the force sensor comprises a strain gauge; and

the strain gauge is configured to generate the electrical signal in response to the force input.

46. The electronic watch of claim 45, wherein:

the crown includes an axis; and

the strain gauge is located between the shaft and the housing.

47. The electronic watch of claim 41, wherein:

the force sensor comprises a piezoelectric material; and

the force input deforms the piezoelectric material and generates the electrical signal.

48. An electronic watch, comprising:

a housing;

a display coupled to the housing;

a crown coupled to the housing and configured to receive a force input;

a force sensor configured to generate an electrical signal in response to the force input; and

a processing unit located within the housing and operably coupled to the force sensor, the processing unit configured to:

in response to detecting that the value of the electrical signal is within a first range, performing a first operation; and

in response to detecting that the value of the electrical signal is within a second range, a second operation is performed.

49. The electronic watch of claim 48, wherein:

the first operation comprises selection of a graphical element; and

the second operation includes executing an application associated with the graphical element.

50. The electronic watch of claim 48, wherein:

the display is configured to produce a graphical output;

the first operation comprises changing the graphical output in a first manner; and

the second operation includes altering the graphical output in a second manner different from the first manner.

51. The electronic watch of claim 50, wherein:

the first way comprises selecting an icon displayed on the display; and

a second way comprises executing an icon displayed on the display.

52. The electronic watch of claim 48, wherein the processing unit is configured to determine a direction in which to apply the force input.

53. The electronic watch of claim 48, wherein:

the crown is configured to receive a rotational input; and

the processing unit is configured to perform a third operation in response to the rotational input.

54. The electronic watch of claim 48, wherein:

the force sensor includes a movable conductor and a conductive element separated from the movable conductor by a dielectric; and

the electrical signal corresponds to a capacitance between the movable conductor and the conductive element.

55. An electronic watch, comprising:

a housing;

a display at least partially enclosed by the housing and configured to display graphical output;

a crown coupled to the housing and configured to receive a force input and a rotation input;

a force sensor configured to detect a force input;

a detector configured to detect a rotational input; and

a processing unit located within the housing and operably coupled to the force sensor and the detector, the processing unit configured to:

estimating an amount of force input using the force sensor;

estimating an amount of rotational input using the detector;

in response to the amount of force input exceeding a first amount, performing a first function; and

in response to the amount of force input exceeding a second amount, a second function is performed.

56. The electronic watch of claim 55, wherein:

the force sensor is configured to receive a translation input; and

the electronic watch further includes a dome switch configured to detect a translation input.

57. The electronic watch of claim 55, wherein:

the detector is an optical detector;

the crown includes a shaft having indicia; and

the optical detector is configured to detect a rotational input using the markings of the shaft.

58. The electronic watch of claim 55, wherein:

the force sensor comprises a strain sensitive material configured to generate an electrical signal in response to the force input; and

the processing unit is configured to estimate an amount of force input using the electrical signal.

59. The electronic watch of claim 55, wherein the force sensor comprises:

a first conductive layer;

a second conductive layer; and

a dielectric layer between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer.

60. The electronic watch of claim 59, wherein:

the crown includes a cap configured to receive a force input;

a first conductive layer coupled to the cover; and

a second conductive layer is coupled to the housing.

Technical Field

The described embodiments relate generally to input mechanisms such as crowns. More particularly, the present embodiments relate to an input mechanism that detects the amount of force applied, such as a crown.

Background

Many devices, such as wearable electronic devices, use various input mechanisms to receive user input. Many devices, particularly small form factor devices such as watches, smart watches, wearable devices, and the like, may have a limited number of input mechanisms.

For example, many watches include a crown or similar input mechanism. Some crowns can be rotated to wrap the watch. Other crowns may be able to translate to a time-changing position, whereupon the other crowns can be rotated to change the time of the watch.

Disclosure of Invention

The present disclosure relates to input mechanisms that detect an application force, such as a crown, button, key, surface, or the like. The input mechanism may be included in an electronic device. The user may provide input through a rotational input mechanism, a translational input mechanism, a lateral movement input mechanism, and the like. The input mechanism may include one or more force sensors that the electronic device may use to determine a non-binary amount of force applied to the input mechanism. Because the electronic device can determine non-binary amounts of force corresponding to different types of motions, the input mechanism can be used to receive a variety of different inputs.

In various embodiments, an electronic device includes a housing, a collar coupled to the housing, and an input structure extending from the collar. The collar includes a movable conductor, a conductive element, and a spacer defined between the movable conductor and the conductive element. Movement of the input structure changes the capacitance between the movable conductor and the conductive element.

In some embodiments, the electronic device further comprises a processing unit operable to determine an amount of force applied to the input structure based on the change in capacitance. In many embodiments, the electronic device further comprises a silicone disposed within the separator.

In various embodiments, the conductive element comprises a flexible circuit that extends through at least a portion of the collar into the housing. In some embodiments, the collar includes an inner core, the conductive element coupled to the inner core; and a compliant material disposed in the spacer, the spacer coupling the conductive element and the movable conductor. In various embodiments, the input structure is operable to move without changing a capacitance between the movable conductor and the conductive element.

In some embodiments, the input mechanism assembly includes a housing, and a shaft coupled to the housing such that the shaft is rotatable relative to the housing, translatable toward and away from the housing, and laterally movable relative to the housing. The input mechanism assembly further includes a sensor coupled between the shaft and the housing that transmits a force to the sensor when the shaft is moved laterally relative to the housing; and a processing unit coupled to the sensor operable to determine a measure of force based on a signal from the sensor. The processing unit is also operable to determine a direction of lateral movement of the shaft.

In various embodiments, the sensor is a strain gauge. In other embodiments, the sensor includes a first conductor, a second conductor, and a dielectric separating the first conductor and the second conductor. The dielectric may be a compliant material.

In various embodiments, the input mechanism assembly further includes a collar coupled to the housing, and the sensor couples the shaft to the collar. In various embodiments, the input mechanism assembly further comprises a wireless transmission mechanism that wirelessly couples the processing unit and the sensor. In some embodiments, the input mechanism assembly further comprises an additional sensor coupled between the shaft and the processing unit, and the processing unit is operable to determine a measure of the force translating the shaft based on signals from the additional sensor.

In various embodiments, an electronic device includes: a main body; a coupler positioned at least partially within the body; an input mechanism connected to the coupler operable to move relative to the body; a capacitive sensor coupled to the input mechanism that transfers force to the capacitive sensor when the input mechanism moves; and a processing unit operable to determine an amount of force based on a change in capacitance of the capacitive sensor.

In various embodiments, the coupler includes a capacitive sensor. In some embodiments, a capacitive sensor includes a first capacitive element, a second capacitive element, and a compliant material positioned between the first capacitive element and the second capacitive element. In some implementations of such embodiments, the compliant material extends between the coupler and the body and seals the coupler to the body.

In some embodiments, the input mechanism moves laterally relative to the body. In various embodiments, a portion of the input mechanism moves closer to the body. In many embodiments, the change in proximity between the first conductor and the second conductor is proportional to the amount of force.

Drawings

The present disclosure will be readily understood by the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals designate like structural elements.

FIG. 1 depicts an example electronic device including a force-detecting input structure.

FIG. 2A depicts a schematic cross-sectional view of the electronic device of FIG. 1 taken along A-A of FIG. 1, showing a first embodiment of a force-detecting input structure.

FIG. 2B depicts the electronic device of FIG. 2A when a user applies a force to move the input structure laterally relative to the housing of the electronic device.

Fig. 2C depicts the electronic device of fig. 2A when a user applies a force to translate the input structure toward the housing of the electronic device.

Fig. 3 depicts a second example of a force-detecting input structure according to further embodiments.

Fig. 4 depicts a third example of a force-detecting input structure according to further embodiments.

Fig. 5 depicts a fourth example of a force-detecting input structure according to further embodiments.

Fig. 6 depicts a fifth example of a force-detecting input structure according to further embodiments.

Fig. 7 depicts a sixth example of a force-detecting input structure according to further embodiments.

Fig. 8 depicts a seventh example of a force-detecting input structure according to further embodiments.

Fig. 9 depicts an eighth example of a force-detecting input structure according to further embodiments.

FIG. 10 depicts a flow chart showing an example method for detecting a force applied to a crown. The method may be performed by the electronic device of fig. 1-6.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the following description is not intended to limit the embodiments to one preferred embodiment. On the contrary, it is intended to cover alternatives, modifications, and equivalents as may be included within the spirit and scope of the embodiments as defined by the appended claims.

The following description includes sample systems, methods, and apparatuses that embody the various elements of the present disclosure. However, it should be understood that the described disclosure may be embodied in many forms other than those set forth herein.

The following disclosure relates to a crown or other input mechanism or structure, such as buttons, keys, switches, surfaces, etc., that may be included in an electronic device. The input structure may rotate, translate, move laterally, etc. The input structure may include one or more force sensors positioned in the input structure that may be used to determine the amount of applied force applied. Because the electronic device can determine application forces corresponding to different types of motions, the input structure can be used to receive a variety of different inputs.

These and other embodiments are discussed below with reference to fig. 1-10. However, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the detailed description given herein with respect to these figures is for explanatory purposes only and should not be taken as limiting.

FIG. 1 depicts an example electronic device 100, an embodiment electronic device 100 includes a force-detecting input structure 101. The electronic device 100 is operable to receive input from a user. Electronic device 100 is also operable to perform various actions in response to inputs received via force-detecting input structure 101. The electronic device 100 may receive different inputs based on rotation of the force detection input structure 101, translation of the force detection input structure 101, lateral movement of the force detection input structure 101, application of a force to the force detection input structure 101, and so on.

When a force is applied to the force detection input structure 101, the electronic device 100 may determine or measure the force. Generally, the electronic device 100 may interpret different amounts of force as different inputs.

FIG. 2A depicts a schematic cross-sectional view of the electronic device 100 of FIG. 1 taken along A-A of FIG. 1, showing a first embodiment of a force-detecting input structure 101. The input structure 101 includes a shaft 203, the shaft 203 being coupled to a housing 204, body, or other casing of the electronic device 100. The input structure 101 is coupled to the housing 204 via a collar 208 or other coupler, a bushing 207, and one or more pads 209.

Referring to fig. 2A-2C, the input mechanism components related to input structure 101 will now be described in more detail. Collar 208 may be positioned in an aperture (e.g., a first aperture) defined by housing 204. The gasket 211 may be compressed between the collar 208 and the shell 204, thereby coupling the collar 208 to the shell 204. The gasket 211 may form a seal or other barrier that prevents contaminants from passing through. The seal may be a liquid seal. The collar 208 may define an aperture (e.g., a second aperture). A portion of the shaft 203 is positioned in the bore defined by the collar 208.

Collar 208 includes an inner core 225. The flex circuit 214a, flex circuit 214b, or other conductor is coupled to the inner core 225. Collar 208 also includes compliant silicone 213a, compliant silicone 213b, or other compliant dielectric material coupled to flex circuits 214a, 214 b. The compliant silicone 213a, 213b can be part of the pad 211 that extends at least partially through the collar 208. Collar 208 also includes movable conductors 212a, 212b coupled to compliant silicone 213a, 213 b.

The shaft 203 may be at least partially slidably coupled around the collar 208 by one or more bushings 207. A portion of the shaft 203 extending from the collar 208 may also be at least partially slidably coupled within the collar 208 by one or more gaskets 209, such as one or more O-rings. These slidable couplings allow shaft 203 to rotate relative to housing 204 and collar 208.

In some embodiments, the liner 207 and/or the pad 209 may be formed from a compliant material (such as high molecular weight polyethylene, an elastomer, etc.). In various embodiments, the shaft 203 and/or collar 208 may be formed of polished or coated titanium or other suitable material that also permits the shaft 203 to slide within and around the collar 208. The bushing 207 and the pad 209 can withstand most of the stresses associated with the sliding of the shaft 203.

A cover 202, knob, or similar structure may be coupled to the shaft 203. In some implementations, the shaft 203 can be snap-fit into the cover 202. In various implementations, the shaft 203 may be bonded or otherwise attached (such as by an adhesive) to the cover 202.

Force detection using the input structure 101 will now be described. Collar 208 includes a plurality of capacitive sensors formed from flex circuit 214a, flex circuit 214b, compliant silicone 213a, compliant silicone 213b, and movable conductors 212a, 212 b. The capacitance of these respective capacitive sensors may depend on the proximity of the respective capacitive elements (e.g., movable conductor 212a, movable conductor 212b and flexible circuits 214a, 214b) across the spacer defined between the respective capacitive elements. The compliant silicone 213a, 213b are positioned within the separator. The compliant silicone 213a, 213b deform under the application of force to allow the movable conductors 212a, 212b to move closer to and further away from the flexible circuits 214a, 214b, thereby altering the capacitance between these respective capacitive elements.

The movement of the movable conductors 212a, 212b relative to the flexible circuits 214a, 214b may be proportional to the force applied. Similarly, the capacitance change of the capacitive sensor may be proportional to the movement of the movable conductors 212a, 212b relative to the flexible circuits 214a, 214 b. Thus, the change in capacitance between capacitive elements may be proportional to the applied force.

The processing unit 223 is electrically coupled to the flexible circuit 214a, the flexible circuit 214b, or other conductive elements. The processing unit 223 receives signals indicative of capacitance changes between the respective capacitive elements. The processing unit 223 correlates these changes in capacitance to the amount of force to determine the force applied to the input structure 101. For example, the processing unit 223 may utilize a lookup table or other data structure stored in a non-transitory storage medium that correlates capacitance and force amounts. The processing unit 223 may be capable of determining a non-binary amount of force applied.

The lateral movement of the input structure 101 (e.g., movement in one of the directions 262 shown in fig. 2B) will now be described. The force applied to the input structure 101 is transferred through the shaft 203 to the respective movable conductor 212a, 212b and thus to the compliant silicone 213a, 213 b. This transmitted force deforms the compliant silicone 213a, 213b, thereby changing the proximity between the movable conductors 212a, 212b and the flexible circuits 214a, 214 b. These changes in proximity may alter the capacitance between the movable conductors 212a, 212b and the flexible circuits 214a, 214 b.

Fig. 2B depicts the electronic device of fig. 2A when the user 230 applies a force to move the input structure 101 laterally in one of the directions 261 shown in fig. 2B. The shaft 203 receives the applied force and transfers the applied force to the collar 208. The transmitted force deforms the compliant silicone 213a, 213 b. This biases the movable conductor 212a closer to the flex circuit 214 a. This also biases the movable conductor 212b further away from the flexible circuit 214 b. The change in proximity between the movable conductors 212a, 212b and the flexible circuits 214a, 214b changes the capacitance of the respective capacitive sensors formed thereby. The processing unit 223 analyzes these changes in capacitance to determine the amount of force exerted on the input structure 101.

Additionally, the processing unit 223 may analyze the change in capacitance to determine other information. For example, the processing unit 223 may analyze the change in capacitance to determine a direction of application of force, additional force applied to the input structure 101, a direction of lateral movement of the input structure 101, and/or the like. For example, a force applied in the direction shown in fig. 2B may cause the capacitance of a capacitive sensor (e.g., a force sensor) formed by the movable conductor 212a and the flexible circuit 214a to increase, and the capacitance of a capacitive sensor formed by the movable conductor 212B and the flexible circuit 214B to decrease. The processing unit 223 may compare the change in capacitance to determine the force applied in the direction shown in fig. 2B.

Translational movement of the input structure 101 (e.g., movement in one of the directions 262 shown in fig. 2C) will now be described. The slidable coupling of the shaft 203 relative to the collar 208 by the bushing 207 and the pad 209 also allows the shaft 203 to move toward and/or away from the housing 204 and the collar 208 in one of the directions 262 shown in fig. 2C. Thus, the shaft 203 is translatable. Similar to the rotational movement, the bushing 207 and the pad 209 may withstand most of the stresses associated with the sliding of the shaft 203.

FIG. 2C depicts the electronic device 100 of FIG. 2A when a user 230 applies a force to move the input structure 101 toward the housing 204. Translation of the input structure 101 toward the housing 204 reduces the gap between the cover 202 and the housing 204 and/or the collar 208.

While the movable conductor 212A, 212b is illustrated and described as a separate component with respect to fig. 2A-2C, it should be understood that this is an embodiment. In various implementations, the movable conductors 212a, 212b may be a single unitary component. For example, in some implementations, the movable conductors 212a, 212b can be rings positioned around the compliant siloxanes 213a, 213 b.

In various implementations, the electronic device 100 may include additional components that interact with the motion of the input structure 101. In some embodiments, the electronic device 100 may include one or more components that resist translation of the input structure 101 toward the housing 204 and/or reverse such translation after application of a force. For example, in some implementations, the electronic device 100 can include a dome switch or similar actuator mechanism that is connected to the shaft 203 in various ways. Translation of the shaft 203 may compress the dome switch. Thus, the dome switch may resist translation of the shaft 203. However, sufficient force to translate the shaft 203 can overcome the resistance and compress the dome switch. After applying the force, the dome switch may decompress. This may reverse the translation of the shaft 203.

In various embodiments, compression of the dome switch may also provide a tactile output in response to translation of the shaft 203. In various implementations, the processing unit 223 may receive one or more signals related to the compression or activation of the dome switch. As an example, see a fourth embodiment of the force detection input structure of fig. 5.

In various embodiments, the electronic device 100 may include various mechanisms for detecting rotation, translation, or other movement of the shaft 203. For example, in various implementations, one or more detectable elements may be positioned on shaft 203 and/or other components coupled to shaft 203. The detectable element may be any mechanism that is detectable by the detector. The detector may detect the detectable elements to track the translational, rotational, and/or lateral movement of the shaft 203. In some implementations, the detector can be an optical detector and the detectable element can be a series of coded marks that the optical detector detects to determine the position and/or movement of the shaft 203 relative to the detector.

Electronic device 100 may include various additional components. For example, the cover glass 224 and/or a display, a touch screen, etc. can be coupled to the housing 204. Various configurations are possible and contemplated without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

Although fig. 2A-2C illustrate the input structure 101 as having a capacitive sensor disposed in the collar 208 that may be used to detect the amount of force applied to laterally move the input structure 101, it should be understood that this is an embodiment. Various configurations of the input structure 101 are possible and contemplated without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

For example, fig. 3 depicts a second example of a force-detecting input structure 301 according to further embodiments. Similar to the input structure 101 of fig. 2A-2C, the force-detecting input structure 301 includes a shaft 303, the shaft 303 slidably coupled to a housing 304, body, or other casing via a collar 308 or other coupler. However, in this embodiment, the collar 308 may not include a capacitive sensor. Instead, bushings 307a, 307b may comprise capacitive sensors that may be used to detect a force applied to force detection input structure 301. The capacitive sensor may include first and second conductors 341a, 341b, 343a, 343b, respectively, separated by compliant material 342a, 342 b. The compliant materials 342a, 342b allow movement of the first and second conductors 341a, 341b, 343a, 343b in response to lateral movement of the shaft 303. The flexible circuits 314a, 314b extend through the collar 308 to the bushings 307a, 307b to connect the respective capacitive sensors to the processing unit 323.

In this embodiment, the first and second conductors 341a, 341b, 343a, 343b may be formed of a material that is electrically conductive yet still allows the shaft 303 to slide relative to the collar 308. For example, a compliant capacitive material such as a metal doped polymer may be used. In other implementations, the non-slip allowing conductive material may be embedded in the slip allowing material.

In other implementations, bushings 307a, 307b may not include such conductive materials, but may be compliant to allow movement of shaft 303 and collar 308. In such other implementations, the shaft 303 and portions of the collar 308 may be first and second conductors that form respective capacitive sensors. For example, the entire bushing 307a, 307b may be formed from such compliant materials, bushing 307a, 307b may include compliant materials within bushing 307a, 307b that allow movement, and so forth.

While bushings 307a, 307b are illustrated as comprising components that form the capacitive sensor in the embodiment shown in fig. 3, it should be understood that this is an embodiment. In other implementations, the capacitive sensor may be formed from elements in other components (such as pad 309) without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In addition, while the input structures 101 and 301 of fig. 2A-2C and 3 illustrate capacitive sensors for detecting the amount of force that laterally moves the input structures 101 and 301, it should be understood that these are embodiments. The input structures in other implementations may be configured to detect the amount of force applied in other directions without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

For example, fig. 4 depicts a third example of a force-detecting input structure 401 according to further embodiments, wherein the amount of force translating the input structure 401 toward and/or away from the housing 404 can be detected. Similar to the input structure 101 of fig. 2A-2C, the input structure 401 includes a compliant material 444a, a compliant material 444b, a movable portion 412A, and a flexible circuit 414a, a flexible circuit 414b, or other conductive material. However, in this embodiment, the movable portions 412a, 412b may be moved by translation of the input structure 401. Thus, a capacitive sensor formed by the movable portion 412a, the movable portion 412b, the flexible circuit 414a, the flexible circuit 414b, and the compliant materials 444a, 444b can be used to detect the amount of force translating the input structure 401.

In other embodiments, the capacitive sensor may be formed by other components of the input structure 401 and/or an electronic device that includes such an input structure 401. Fig. 5 depicts a fourth example of a force-detecting input structure 501 according to further embodiments, in which a shear plate 521 positioned between a shaft 503 and a dome switch 522 or other actuator includes such a capacitive sensor.

In this embodiment, structure 517 couples collar 508 to housing 504. Dome switch 522 is mounted to structure 517 such that translation of shaft 503 compresses dome switch 522. The shear plate 521 separates the dome switch 522 from the shaft 503. A flexible circuit 518 and/or other electrical connections connect dome switch 522 and processing unit 523.

In this embodiment, the shear plate 521 includes a capacitive sensor formed from a first conductor 545 separated from a second conductor 547 by a compliant material 546. A capacitive sensor may be used to detect the amount of force translating the input structure 501.

In contrast to the input structure 101 of fig. 2A-2C, this implementation may allow for the use of the input structure 501 to detect forces while allowing for the use of the integral collar 508. This implementation may also allow the force to be detected using the input structure 501 without extending the flexible circuit 514 through the collar 508, the pad 511, etc.

Although the embodiments illustrated in fig. 2A-5 directly connect processing units 223-523 to respective capacitive sensors, it should be understood that these are embodiments. Other configurations are possible and contemplated without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. For example, in various implementations, a wireless connection and/or wireless transmission mechanism may be used to allow integral collar 208-integral collar 508 and/or not to extend an electrical connection through pad 211-pad 511 and/or other components.

For example, fig. 6 depicts a fifth example of a force-detecting input structure 601 according to further embodiments, the force-detecting input structure 601 using an induction coil 649, an induction coil 650 as a wireless transmission mechanism to electrically connect the capacitive sensor (via flex circuit 648 and/or other electrical connections) with the processing unit 623. In this embodiment, inductive coil 649, inductive coil 650 inductively exchange power such that processing unit 623 receives changes in capacitance of the capacitive sensor formed by movable portion 612a, movable portion 612b, compliant material 613a, compliant material 613b, flex circuit 614a, flex circuit 614b, and/or other electrical connections. In this way, the processing unit 623 may determine the applied force without extending the flexible circuit 648 through the pad 611.

While the embodiments illustrated in fig. 2A-6 use various respective capacitive sensors to detect forces applied to various input structures 101-601, it should be understood that these are embodiments. In various implementations, force detection sensors other than and/or in addition to capacitive sensors may be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. For example, in various implementations, piezoelectric materials that generate a voltage when deformed may be used. In such embodiments, the voltage may be proportional to the amount of deformation, and thus the force applied. Likewise, the voltage generated by the piezoelectric material may be correlated to the amount of force to determine the applied force.

As another example, a strain gauge may be used in various implementations as a force detection sensor in place of and/or in addition to a capacitive sensor. Fig. 7 depicts a sixth example of a force-detecting input structure 701 according to further embodiments, the force-detecting input structure 701 utilizing strain gauges 751a, 751b to determine the force exerted on the input structure 701.

In this embodiment, collar 708 may be formed of a material that can be subjected to a force strain transmitted by shaft 703. Strain gauges 751a, 751b are disposed on collar 708 in the region of collar 708 that is strained by the transmitted force. The processing unit 723 receives signals indicative of strain via the flexible circuit 714a, the flexible circuit 714b, and/or the electrical connections, and may correlate the strain to an amount of force to determine the force applied to the input structure 701.

While fig. 7 shows a specific configuration of strain gauges 751a, 751b, it should be understood that this is an embodiment. In various implementations, various components may be applied to the force strain of the input structure 701, and the strain gauges 751a, 751b may be disposed on and/or in such components.

By way of example, fig. 8 depicts a seventh example of a force-detecting input structure 801 according to further embodiments. In this embodiment, the shaft of the shaft 803 may be formed of a material that is strained by the force exerted on the shaft 803, and the strain gauges 852a, 852b may be disposed on the shaft. Processing unit 823 may wirelessly receive strain data from strain gauges 852a, 852b via induction coils 853, 854 (processing unit 823 may be coupled to induction coils 853, 854 via flex circuit 814 and/or other electrical connections). The processing unit 823 may correlate strain with the amount of force to determine the force applied to the input structure 801.

As another example, fig. 9 depicts an eighth example of a force-detecting input structure 901 according to further embodiments. In this embodiment, arms 955a, 955b of shaft 903 may be formed of a material that is strained by the force exerted on shaft 903, and strain gauges 952a, 952b may be disposed on arms 955a, 955 b. The processing unit 923 may wirelessly receive strain data via the induction coil 953, induction coil 954 and flexible circuit 914 and/or other electrical connections and correlate strain to an amount of force.

While fig. 2A-9 illustrate and describe various force sensors that are configured and positioned differently to detect the amount of force applied to the respective input structure 101-input structure 901 in various directions, it should be understood that these are embodiments. In various implementations, any variety of force sensors may be located in a variety of different areas to detect a variety of different amounts of force that may be exerted on the input structure 101-the input structure 901, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

In addition, while input structure 101-input structure 901 are illustrated as a crown with respect to fig. 2A-9, it should be understood that these are embodiments. In various implementations, the techniques discussed herein may be utilized with a variety of different input mechanisms and/or input mechanism components without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Such input mechanisms may be operable to receive translational inputs, rotational inputs, inputs related to lateral movement, and/or a variety of different movement-related inputs.

Additionally, although the electronic device 100 of fig. 1-9 is illustrated as a smart watch, it should be understood that these are embodiments. In various implementations, the techniques illustrated and described herein may be utilized with a variety of different devices without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Such devices may include wearable electronic devices, laptop computing devices, cellular phones, displays, tablet computing devices, mobile computing devices, smart phones, digital media players, desktop computing devices, printers, speakers, input devices, and so forth.

FIG. 10 depicts a flow diagram illustrating an embodiment method 1000 for detecting a force applied to a crown or other input structure. The method 1000 may be performed by the electronic device 100 of fig. 1-6.

At 1010, the electronic device operates. Flow proceeds to 1020 where the electronics monitor the capacitance of one or more capacitive sensors associated with the force exerted on an input mechanism, such as a crown. Next, flow proceeds to 1030 where the electronics determine whether the capacitance has changed.

If the capacitance has not changed, flow returns to 1010 where the electronic device continues to operate. Otherwise, flow proceeds to 1040.

At 1040, after the electronic device determines that the capacitance of one or more capacitive sensors associated with the force applied on the input mechanism, such as a crown, has changed, the electronic device correlates the change in capacitance to an amount of force. Flow then proceeds to 1050 where the electronic device performs one or more actions corresponding to the force.

For example, the electronic device may interpret the amount of force as an input indicating selection of an icon displayed on the display and/or execution of an application associated with such an icon. In some embodiments, the electronic device may interpret the amount of force as an input indicating that an icon displayed on the display is selected if the amount of force exceeds a first force threshold, and execute an application associated with the icon if the amount of force exceeds a second, greater threshold. In this way, the application force can be used by the user to signal the actions typically triggered by a single mouse click and a double mouse click of an icon without utilizing the mouse as an input device.

From 1050, after the electronic device performs one or more actions corresponding to the amount of force, flow returns to 1010. At 1010, the electronic device continues to operate.

Although embodiment method 1000 is illustrated and described as including particular operations performed in a particular order, it should be understood that this is an embodiment. In various implementations, various orders of the same, similar, and/or different operations may be performed without departing from the scope of the disclosure.

For example, embodiment method 1000 is illustrated and described as monitoring changes in capacitance of a capacitive sensor and determining an amount of force based on such changes. However, in various implementations, force sensors other than capacitive sensors may be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Using such other force sensors may include monitoring a voltage generated by deformation of the piezoelectric material, receiving signals from one or more strain gauges, and so forth.

As described above and illustrated in the figures, the present disclosure relates to a crown or other input mechanism, such as buttons, keys, switches, surfaces, etc., included in an electronic device. The crown is capable of rotation, translation, lateral movement, and the like. The crown may include one or more force sensors positioned in the input mechanism, which may be used to determine an amount of force applied to the crown. In this manner, the crown may be used to receive a variety of different inputs from the user.

In the present disclosure, the disclosed methods may be embodied as a set of instructions or software readable by a device. Additionally, it should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the methods disclosed are examples of sample methods. In other embodiments, the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the methods may be rearranged while remaining within the disclosed subject matter. The accompanying method claims present elements of the various steps in a sample order, and are not necessarily meant to be limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented.

In the description above, for purposes of explanation, specific nomenclature is used to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that these specific details are not required in order to practice the embodiments. Thus, the foregoing descriptions of specific embodiments described herein are presented for purposes of illustration and description. They are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the embodiments to the precise forms disclosed. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching.