阅读说明：本技术 基于nvm的固态硬盘元数据管理方法及系统 (NVM-based solid state hard disk metadata management method and system ) 是由 毕鉴忠 于 2019-01-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了基于NVM的固态硬盘元数据管理方法,属于固态硬盘管理领域,解决的问题是如何满足使用者从外部了解固态硬盘的内部状况并对固态硬盘进行配置设定；其方法包括通过NVM存储闪存芯片的标识信息、闪存芯片的分配信息、闪存芯片的配置信息以及元数据信息,外部操作系统下发指令并通过硬盘控制器对NVM进行读写操作,根据指令硬盘控制器与NVM进行信息交互并对闪存芯片进行读写操作或配置操作。其结构包括外部操作系统、NVM和固态硬盘,固态硬盘至少配置有硬盘控制器、闪存芯片、总线接口、FTL层、读取操作模块和加密模块。通过NVM存储闪存芯片的相关信息,可减轻闪存的磨耗。(The invention discloses a solid state disk metadata management method based on NVM (non volatile memory), which belongs to the field of solid state disk management and solves the problem of how to satisfy the requirement of a user to know the internal condition of a solid state disk from the outside and configure and set the solid state disk, wherein the method comprises the steps of storing identification information of a flash memory chip, distribution information of the flash memory chip, configuration information of the flash memory chip and metadata information by the NVM, issuing an instruction by an external operating system, carrying out read-write operation on the NVM by a hard disk controller, carrying out information interaction with the NVM according to the instruction and carrying out read-write operation or configuration operation on the flash memory chip.)

1. The NVM-based solid state disk metadata management method is characterized by being applied to a hardware system which at least comprises an external operating system, an NVM and a solid state disk which is configured with a hard disk controller, a flash memory chip and a bus interface, wherein the NVM is a Non-NAND NVM which does not contain NAND F L ASH, the flash memory chip is a NAND flash memory chip, and the metadata management method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the steps that equipment information of a flash memory chip, distribution information of the flash memory chip, configuration information of the flash memory chip and metadata information are stored in an NVM, an external operating system issues an instruction and carries out read-write operation on the NVM through a hard disk controller, and the hard disk controller carries out information interaction with the NVM according to the instruction and carries out read-write operation or configuration operation on the flash memory chip.

2. The NVM-based solid state hard disk metadata management method according to claim 1 wherein the device information of the flash memory chip includes but is not limited to device ID, device serial number, device version number, device manufacturer, device model number, support protocol;

when the hardware is started, the flash memory chips are checked for equipment information one by one through a hard disk controller;

and storing metadata information related to the equipment information check through a page in the flash memory chip, and writing the address of the metadata information in the flash memory chip into the NVM.

3. The NVM-based solid state hard disk metadata management method according to claim 1 wherein the allocation information of the flash memory chips includes but is not limited to the number of blocks, the block capacity, the number of pages, the page capacity and the address of the page physical mapping table;

after the block reallocation and the page reallocation are carried out on the flash memory chip through the hard disk controller, the addresses of a page physical mapping table stored in the flash memory chip and a page physical mapping table stored in the NVM are updated in real time;

and storing the metadata information related to the reallocation through the flash memory chip, and writing the metadata information into the NVM at the address in the flash memory chip.

4. The NVM-based solid state disk metadata management method according to claim 3 wherein after the hardware is turned on, the allocation information stored in the NVM is loaded into the FT L related structure by the hard disk controller;

and storing the metadata information related to the loading through the flash memory chip, and writing the metadata information into the NVM at the address in the flash memory chip.

5. The NVM-based solid state hard disk metadata management method according to claim 1 wherein the allocation information further comprises a partially common page physical mapping address table.

6. The NVM-based solid state disk metadata management method of claim 1 wherein the configuration information of the flash memory chip includes, but is not limited to, a timing mode parameter for selecting and setting a timing of the flash memory chip, a chip type parameter for selecting and setting a storage granule type of the flash memory chip, and an operation mode parameter for selecting and setting an operation mode of the flash memory chip;

acquiring configuration information through a hard disk controller and configuring a flash memory chip according to the configuration information;

storing metadata information associated with the configuration by the flash memory chip and writing the metadata information to the NVM at the address in the flash memory chip.

7. The NVM-based solid state disk metadata management method of claim 1 wherein the solid state disk is configured with a data reading module for storing the ReadRetry voltage corresponding to the memory granule via the NVM;

loading the ReadRetry voltage stored in the NVM to a data reading module through a hard disk controller;

storing metadata information related to the ReadRetry voltage loading through the flash memory chip, and writing the metadata information into the NVM at an address in the flash memory chip.

8. The NVM-based method for managing metadata of a solid state disk according to claim 1, wherein the solid state disk is configured with an encryption module for storing an encryption key issued by an external operating system via the NVM;

after the hardware is started, loading the encryption key to an encryption module through a hard disk controller;

and storing metadata information related to the encryption key loading through the flash memory chip, and writing the address of the metadata information in the flash memory chip into the NVM.

9. The NVM-based solid state hard disk metadata management method according to any of claims 1-8 wherein the metadata information is stored in a page of the flash memory chip and the page address of the page where the metadata information is stored in the NVM.

10. The NVM-based solid state disk metadata management system is characterized by comprising an external operating system, an NVM and a solid state disk, wherein the solid state disk is at least provided with a hard disk controller, a flash memory chip, a bus interface, an FT L layer, a reading operation module and an encryption module, the external operating system is electrically connected with the hard disk controller through the bus interface, the FT L layer is arranged on the hard disk controller, the hard disk controller is respectively and electrically connected with the NVM, the flash memory chip, the reading operation module and the encryption module, and the NVM is used for storing identification information of the flash memory chip, distribution information of the flash memory chip, configuration information of the flash memory chip and metadata information.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of solid state disk management, in particular to a solid state disk metadata management method and system based on NVM (non-volatile memory).

Background

In general, a solid state disk is implemented with Firmware (called Firmware in english, written in Flash memory by a product manufacturer during mass production), and if a user wants to know internal states of the solid state disk, such as Flash memory lifetime, wear conditions, and the like, and needs to communicate with the CPU, a controller implements FT L (FT L is an acronym for Flash translation layer, FT L is a software middle layer, originally proposed by Intel, and is used to simulate the Flash memory into a virtual block device, so that a block device file system, such as FAT, can be implemented on the Flash memory).

How to satisfy the requirement that a user knows the internal condition of the solid state disk from the outside and configures and sets the solid state disk is a technical problem to be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical task of the invention is to provide a method and a system for managing metadata of a solid state disk based on an NVM (non-volatile memory), so as to solve the problem of how to satisfy the requirement of a user to know the internal condition of the solid state disk from the outside and configure and set the solid state disk.

The technical task of the invention is realized by the following modes:

the method for managing the metadata of the solid state hard disk based on the NVM is applied to a hardware system which at least consists of an external operating system, the NVM (Chinese translated into a Non-Volatile Memory) and the solid state hard disk provided with a hard disk controller, a flash Memory chip and a bus interface, wherein the NVM is a Non-NAND NVM which does not contain NAND F L ASH, the flash Memory chip is a NAND flash Memory chip, and the metadata management method comprises the steps of storing equipment information of the flash Memory chip, distribution information of the flash Memory chip, configuration information of the flash Memory chip and metadata information through the NVM, issuing an instruction by the external operating system, carrying out read-write operation on the NVM through the hard disk controller, and carrying out information interaction and read-write operation or configuration operation on the flash Memory chip according to the instruction by the hard disk controller.

The Non-NAND NVM includes common EEPROM (chinese translated to Electrically Erasable and Programmable read-write Memory), NOR F L ASH, FRAM (chinese translated to Ferroelectric Memory), MRAM (Magnetic Random Access Memory, chinese translated to Magnetic Random Access Memory), RRAM (Resistive Random Access Memory, chinese translated to Resistive Memory), and the like.

The equipment information of the flash memory chip is used for identifying the model, the manufacturer and other information of the flash memory chip; the allocation information of the flash memory chip is used for identifying the block division and page division conditions of the flash memory chip and the page physical mapping table address, so that the access and read-write operation of the flash memory chip are facilitated; the configuration information of the flash memory chip is used for configuring the flash memory chip through parameter setting, such as the particle type of the flash memory chip and ReadRetry voltages corresponding to different particles; the metadata information is used for recording the wear-out state of the flash memory chip and performing execution feedback of read-write operation, distribution operation or configuration operation and the like on the flash memory chip through a hard disk controller. The external operating system issues an instruction to the NVM through the hard disk controller, and according to the instruction, the hard disk controller acquires relevant information from the NVM and accesses the flash memory chip to realize read-write operation, distribution operation, configuration operation and the like on the flash memory chip.

Further, the device information of the flash memory chip includes, but is not limited to, a device ID, a device serial number, a device version number, a device manufacturer, a device model number, a support protocol; when the hardware is started, the flash memory chips are checked for equipment information one by one through a hard disk controller;

and storing metadata information related to the equipment information check through a page in the flash memory chip, and writing the address of the metadata information in the flash memory chip into the NVM.

Further, the allocation information of the flash memory chip includes, but is not limited to, the number of blocks, the block capacity, the number of pages, the page capacity, and the address of the page physical mapping table;

after the block reallocation and the page reallocation are carried out on the flash memory chip through the hard disk controller, the addresses of a page physical mapping table stored in the flash memory chip and a page physical mapping table stored in the NVM are updated in real time;

and storing the metadata information related to the reallocation through the flash memory chip, and writing the metadata information into the NVM at the address in the flash memory chip.

Further, after the hardware is started, the allocation information stored in the NVM is loaded into the structure related to FT L by the hard disk controller;

and storing the metadata information related to the loading through the flash memory chip, and writing the metadata information into the NVM at the address in the flash memory chip.

Furthermore, the allocation information also includes a part of a common page physical mapping address table.

Further, the configuration information of the flash memory chip includes, but is not limited to, a time sequence mode parameter, a particle type parameter and an operation mode parameter, the time sequence mode parameter is used for selecting and setting a time sequence of the flash memory chip, the particle type parameter is used for selecting and setting a storage particle type of the flash memory chip, and the operation mode parameter is used for selecting and setting an operation mode of the flash memory chip; acquiring configuration information through a hard disk controller and configuring a flash memory chip according to the configuration information; storing metadata information associated with the configuration by the flash memory chip and writing the metadata information to the NVM at the address in the flash memory chip.

Furthermore, the solid state disk is provided with a data reading module, and the ReadRetry voltage corresponding to the storage particles is stored through the NVM; loading the ReadRetry voltage stored in the NVM to a data reading module through a hard disk controller;

storing metadata information related to the ReadRetry voltage loading through the flash memory chip, and writing the metadata information into the NVM at an address in the flash memory chip.

Further, the solid state disk is configured with an encryption module, and an encryption key issued by an external operating system is stored through the NVM; after the hardware is started, loading the encryption key to an encryption module through a hard disk controller;

and storing metadata information related to the encryption key loading through the flash memory chip, and writing the address of the metadata information in the flash memory chip into the NVM.

Further, the metadata information is stored in a page of the flash memory chip, and a page address of the page where the metadata information is stored in the NVM.

The NVM-based solid state disk metadata management system comprises an external operating system, an NVM and a solid state disk, wherein the solid state disk is at least provided with a hard disk controller, a flash memory chip, a bus interface, an FT L layer, a reading operation module and an encryption module, the external operating system is electrically connected with the hard disk controller through the bus interface, the FT L layer is arranged on the hard disk controller, the hard disk controller is respectively and electrically connected with the NVM, the flash memory chip, the reading operation module and the encryption module, and the NVM is used for storing identification information of the flash memory chip, distribution information of the flash memory chip, configuration information of the flash memory chip and metadata information.

The NVM-based solid state hard disk metadata management method and system of the invention have the following advantages:

1. the service life of the NVM is longer than that of the flash memory chip, and in view of the characteristic of remote updating of the flash memory chip, the address for storing the metadata cannot be fixed, so that metadata information can be conveniently searched in the flash memory chip by storing the address of the metadata in the NVM, the abrasion of the flash memory chip is reduced, and the service life of the flash memory chip is prolonged;

2. part of the commonly used page mapping address table is stored in the NVM, so that the program can be started quickly, and the loss of a flash memory chip is reduced;

3. updating the address of the page mapping address table in real time, avoiding information loss caused by accidental power failure and ensuring the normal starting of the next starting function;

4. because the addresses of the metadata are stored in the NVM and the addresses are predefined, this avoids the limitation that the first block of the NAND F L ASH is good, and flash memory manufacturers do not need to screen out the chips with bad blocks, which can greatly reduce the cost of the NAND F L ASH.

Drawings

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a NVM-based solid state disk metadata management system according to embodiment 2.

Detailed Description

The NVM-based solid state hard disk metadata management method and system of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.