阅读说明：本技术 一种医用防护服专用的防水透气面料及制备方法 (Waterproof breathable fabric special for medical protective clothing and preparation method thereof ) 是由 曾军堂 陈庆 司文彬 陈涛 于 2020-05-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及医用防护服面料技术领域,特别是涉及一种医用防护服专用的防水透气面料,包括基材、熔喷布层和微孔疏水膜；微孔疏水膜包括：聚四氟乙烯微粉,木质纤维,分散剂,乙烯~醋酸乙烯共聚物。制备方法包括：将基材浸入吸湿排汗整理液浸渍,浸轧后预烘干,再将熔喷布层与基材贴合后辊压,烘干定型,得到预处理基材；再将预处理基材的熔喷布层与微孔疏水膜贴合,冷却,辊压定型,得到医用防护服专用的防水透气面料。本发明解决现有技术中医用防护服面料难以兼具防水阻隔性和透气的问题。上述防水透气面料具有良好的拒水性和阻隔性,能够有效避免病人体液、血液和分泌物的渗透；同时能够有效避免其在外力作用下破损,为医护人员提供全面保护。(The invention relates to the technical field of medical protective clothing fabrics, in particular to a waterproof breathable fabric special for medical protective clothing, which comprises a base material, a melt-blown fabric layer and a microporous hydrophobic membrane; the microporous hydrophobic membrane comprises: polytetrafluoroethylene micro powder, wood fiber, a dispersing agent and an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. The preparation method comprises the following steps: soaking the base material in the moisture absorption and sweat releasing finishing liquid, pre-drying after padding, laminating the melt-blown cloth layer with the base material, rolling, drying and shaping to obtain a pretreated base material; and then, attaching the melt-blown cloth layer of the pretreated base material to the microporous hydrophobic membrane, cooling, rolling and shaping to obtain the special waterproof breathable fabric for the medical protective clothing. The invention solves the problem that the medical protective clothing fabric in the prior art is difficult to have both waterproof and air-permeable properties. The waterproof breathable fabric has good water repellency and barrier property, and can effectively avoid the permeation of body fluid, blood and secretion of patients; meanwhile, the medical nursing bed can effectively avoid damage of the medical nursing bed under the action of external force, and provides comprehensive protection for medical care personnel.)

1. The waterproof breathable fabric special for the medical protective clothing is characterized by sequentially comprising a base material, a melt-blown cloth layer and a microporous hydrophobic membrane;

the microporous hydrophobic membrane comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-4 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene micro powder, 5-10 parts of wood fiber, 0.1-0.5 part of dispersing agent and 50-65 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer;

the waterproof breathable fabric is prepared by the following method:

step one, soaking a base material in a moisture absorption and sweat releasing finishing liquid, pre-drying after padding, then laminating a melt-blown fabric layer and the base material, rolling, drying and shaping to obtain a pretreated base material;

step two, adding polytetrafluoroethylene micro powder, wood fiber and a dispersing agent into a stirrer according to the weight parts, stirring and dispersing uniformly, adding an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, banburying uniformly in an internal mixer, taking out sheets, feeding into an extrusion calender, calendering to form a film, and stretching bidirectionally to obtain the microporous hydrophobic film; and then, attaching the melt-blown cloth layer of the pretreated base material to the microporous hydrophobic membrane, cooling, rolling and shaping to obtain the special waterproof breathable fabric for the medical protective clothing.

2. The waterproof breathable fabric special for the medical protective clothing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the waterproof breathable fabric comprises: the base material is 20D nylon fiber fabric.

3. The waterproof breathable fabric special for the medical protective clothing as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the gram weight of the 20D nylon fiber fabric is less than or equal to 60g/m²(ii) a The gram weight of the microporous hydrophobic membrane is 20-30 g/m²。

4. The waterproof breathable fabric special for the medical protective clothing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the waterproof breathable fabric comprises: the microporous hydrophobic membrane comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2.8-3.3 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene micro powder, 7-9 parts of wood fiber, 0.2-0.4 part of dispersing agent and 56-60 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.

5. The waterproof breathable fabric special for the medical protective clothing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the waterproof breathable fabric comprises: the particle size of the polytetrafluoroethylene micro powder is 10-20 microns; the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is at least one of EVA 15028 and EVA 40028.

6. A preparation method of the waterproof breathable fabric special for the medical protective clothing as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising the following steps:

step one, soaking a base material in a moisture absorption and sweat releasing finishing liquid, pre-drying after padding, then laminating a melt-blown fabric layer and the base material, rolling, drying and shaping to obtain a pretreated base material;

step two, adding polytetrafluoroethylene micro powder, wood fiber and a dispersing agent into a stirrer according to the weight parts, stirring and dispersing uniformly, adding an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, banburying uniformly in an internal mixer, taking out sheets, feeding into an extrusion calender, calendering to form a film, and stretching bidirectionally to obtain the microporous hydrophobic film; and then, attaching the melt-blown cloth layer of the pretreated base material to the microporous hydrophobic membrane, cooling, rolling and shaping to obtain the special waterproof breathable fabric for the medical protective clothing.

7. The preparation method of the special waterproof and breathable fabric for the medical protective clothing, according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the moisture absorption and sweat releasing finishing liquid is Ultraphil HSD finishing liquid with the concentration of 40-50 g/l, and the pH value of the moisture absorption and sweat releasing finishing liquid is 4-5.

8. The preparation method of the special waterproof and breathable fabric for the medical protective clothing, according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the dipping temperature in the first step is 20-40 ℃, and the time is 30-60 min;

the padding temperature in the first step is 40-50 ℃, and the mangle yield is 80%;

the temperature of the pre-drying in the first step is 80-100 ℃, and the time is 1-3 min;

the drying and shaping temperature in the first step is 80-90 ℃, and the time is 5-10 min.

9. The preparation method of the special waterproof and breathable fabric for the medical protective clothing, according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the temperature of the pre-drying in the first step is 85-95 ℃, and the time is 2 min.

10. The preparation method of the special waterproof and breathable fabric for the medical protective clothing, according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the temperature of the internal mixer in the second step is less than or equal to 80 ℃; and the temperature of the extrusion calender in the second step is 100-110 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical protective clothing fabrics, in particular to a waterproof and breathable fabric special for medical protective clothing and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The medical protective clothing is worn by medical workers to isolate germs, harmful ultrafine dust, acidic solution and salt solution and keep the environment clean. The PP (polypropylene, accounting for 62 percent of the total number) non-woven fabric material is covered with a special breathable film for the protective clothing, so that the air permeability is high, the static electricity is prevented, the permeability is better, and the impact resistance is higher while the corrosion resistance of various organic solvents and acid and alkali is realized. Has strong mechanical property and soft and comfortable texture. No combustion supporting, no toxicity, no irritation and no harm to skin.

The type of non-woven fabric: 1. ordinary pp non-woven fabric; 2. SMS non-woven fabric; 3. a peritoneal non-woven fabric; 4. a breathable film nonwoven fabric. Thickness is measured in weight per square meter, in grams, as: 45g/m²，50 g/m²The larger the gram number, the thicker the nonwoven fabric.

Ordinary pp non-woven fabric protective clothing: ventilative, dustproof, waterproof, the stretching resistance is good, and the positive and negative difference is not obvious, is used for ordinary clean environment to use, for example: the dust-proof and dust-proof device is used in general environments such as electronic factories, farms, food factories and industrial production workshops.

SMS nonwoven protective clothing: the three-layer composite non-woven fabric is provided with a waterproof bacteria-isolating layer in the middle and a PP non-woven fabric with sesame dot patterns on the outer layer, is firm and has tension and a bacteria-isolating waterproof and breathable function. Generally used in 10 ten thousand grade purified environment such as bacteria culture laboratory, aseptic surgery operation room, etc.

Peritoneal non-woven fabric protective clothing: the medical film is airtight, waterproof, good in bacteria isolation effect, obvious in front and back distinguishing, non-woven fabric on one side contacting with a body, free of allergy, good in hand feeling, and a plastic film layer on the outer side for preventing liquid leakage, and is used in the places with pollution and viruses, and the film-covered non-woven fabric protective clothing is mainly used in hospital infectious wards.

Breathable film non-woven fabric protective clothing: the medical protective clothing is a medical protective clothing with highest grade, the inner layer is 40g of high-grade filament non-woven fabric, and the outer layer is provided with a 20g unidirectional breathable PE film on the abdomen. It features that the sweat of human body can be diffused outwards, but the harmful gas and water can not be invaded.

The medical protective clothing enables medical staff to be used as protective articles for protecting and blocking foreign bacteria, dust and the like. When in contact with a patient, protective clothing is required to be capable of blocking blood, body fluid, spray, bacteria and the like and preventing the penetration of the bacteria and the like. When the fabric of the medical protective clothing is selected in actual use, on one hand, the protective clothing is required to have strong barrier property; on the other hand, the fabric of the protective clothing is required to be breathable and moisture permeable, but the two functions are difficult to be simultaneously obtained.

For example, nonwoven fabrics used for achieving good air permeability, nonwoven fabrics used for manufacturing medical protective clothing are mainly produced by a spunbond method, a spunlace method, a flash evaporation method, SMS composite materials, and the like. The non-woven fabric is produced through spinning chemical fiber to form long polypropylene filament, and through airflow or mechanical process to form filament web, spunlace process to form non-woven fabric with hand feeling and performance similar to that of traditional fabric, high pressure water column and high speed water jet to the fiber web of dacron, chinlon, polypropylene, etc. to rearrange and combine the fibers in the web to form fabric, and flash evaporation process to form non-woven fabric with polyolefin as main material and static filament to make the filaments rub with each other during stretching to form static filament, which keeps the state of single fiber mutually exclusive and makes the fibers agglomerate into web with static device. SMS composite non-woven fabrics, at present mainly adopt spunbonded fabric and melt-blown cloth layer to compound, promote the separation effect, but this type of protective fabric snugness of fit is relatively poor. In order to achieve both wearing comfort and barrier property, composite fabrics have been provided which employ a barrier layer coated on the surface of the fabric, and such fabrics have high hydrostatic pressure, good barrier property, but poor air permeability.

Chinese patent CN201710690507.8 discloses a medical protective clothing fabric and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of textile fabrics, the medical protective clothing fabric comprises a base fabric, a hydrophobic layer is arranged on the outer surface of the base fabric, the base fabric is woven by warps and wefts, the warp density of the base fabric is 65-75 pieces/cm, the weft density of the base fabric is 30-35 pieces/cm, the warps are 70-80D/34-38F polyester filaments, and the wefts are 70-80D/34-38F polyester filaments. According to the medical protective clothing fabric, the hydrophobic layer is arranged on the base cloth, and the air permeability of the base cloth is not enhanced, so that the fabric is high in hydrostatic pressure, good in barrier property and poor in air permeability.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above disadvantages of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a waterproof and breathable fabric for medical protective clothing, which is used to solve the problem that the fabric of the medical protective clothing in the prior art is difficult to combine waterproof barrier property and breathability, and at the same time, the present invention also provides a method for preparing the waterproof and breathable fabric for medical protective clothing. The waterproof breathable fabric special for the medical protective clothing has good water repellency and barrier property, and can effectively avoid the permeation of body fluid, blood and secretion of patients; meanwhile, the medical nursing wear can effectively avoid damage of the medical nursing wear under the action of external force, provides comprehensive protection for medical workers and is comfortable to wear.

In order to attain the above and other related objects,

the invention provides a waterproof breathable fabric special for medical protective clothing, which sequentially comprises a base material, a melt-blown cloth layer and a microporous hydrophobic membrane;

the microporous hydrophobic membrane comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-4 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene micro powder, 5-10 parts of wood fiber, 0.1-0.5 part of dispersing agent and 50-65 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.

The waterproof breathable fabric special for the medical protective clothing has good water repellency and barrier property, and can effectively avoid the permeation of body fluid, blood and secretion of patients; meanwhile, the medical nursing wear can effectively avoid damage of the medical nursing wear under the action of external force, provides comprehensive protection for medical workers and is comfortable to wear.

The waterproof breathable fabric special for the medical protective clothing consists of a base material, a microporous hydrophobic membrane and a melt-blown fabric layer adhered between the base material and the microporous hydrophobic membrane. The base material has good air permeability and moisture permeability as an inner layer. The melt-blown cloth layer is arranged in the middle layer, so that the melt-blown cloth layer has the barrier property of various fine substances; particularly, polytetrafluoroethylene micro powder, wood fiber, a dispersing agent and an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer are extruded, calendered and stretched, and the polytetrafluoroethylene micro powder promotes the stretched film to form micropores; the wood fibers are dispersed in the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and form meshes when the film is stretched, so that the air permeability of the stretched film is improved; through dispersing polytetrafluoroethylene miropowder, wood fiber in ethylene ~ vinyl acetate copolymer extrusion calendering drawing, form the microporous membrane that has good hydrophobic effect, both guaranteed the gas permeability, guaranteed again to be used for medical protective clothing effectively to avoid the infiltration of patient's body fluid, blood and secretion, reduce medical personnel's infection risk, can perspire ventilative again, the travelling comfort that reinforcing medical personnel wore.

The melt-blown cloth layer is made of polypropylene as a main raw material, the fiber diameter can reach 1-5 mu m, and the superfine fibers with unique capillary structures increase the number and the surface area of fibers in unit area, so that the melt-blown cloth layer has good filtering property, shielding property, heat insulation property and oil absorption property, and can be used in the fields of air, liquid filtering materials, isolating materials, absorbing materials, mask materials, heat-insulating materials, wiping cloth and the like.

Further, the base material is a 20D nylon fiber fabric. The base material adopts 20D nylon fiber fabric as the base material, is light and thin and has good strength, and the inner layer ensures good air permeability and moisture elimination.

Further, the gram weight of the 20D nylon fiber fabric is less than or equal to 60g/m²(ii) a The gram weight of the microporous hydrophobic membrane is 20-30 g/m²。

Thickness is measured in weight per square meter, in grams, as: 45g/m²，50 g/m²The larger the gram number, the thicker it is. The gram weight of the 20D nylon fiber fabric is controlled to be less than or equal to 60g/m²The gram weight of the microporous hydrophobic membrane is 20-30 g/m²Therefore, the waterproof breathable fabric has the advantages of being light and thin, good in strength and good in blocking effect.

Further, the microporous hydrophobic membrane comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2.8-3.3 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene micro powder, 7-9 parts of wood fiber, 0.2-0.4 part of dispersing agent and 56-60 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.

Extruding, rolling and stretching polytetrafluoroethylene micro powder, wood fiber, a dispersing agent and an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, wherein the polytetrafluoroethylene micro powder promotes the stretched film to form micropores; the wood fibers are dispersed in the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and form meshes when the film is stretched, so that the air permeability of the stretched film is improved; through dispersing polytetrafluoroethylene miropowder, wood fiber in ethylene ~ vinyl acetate copolymer extrusion calendering drawing, form the microporous membrane that has good hydrophobic effect, both guaranteed the gas permeability, guaranteed again to be used for medical protective clothing effectively to avoid the infiltration of patient's body fluid, blood and secretion, reduce medical personnel's infection risk, can perspire ventilative again, the travelling comfort that reinforcing medical personnel wore.

Further, the particle size of the polytetrafluoroethylene micro powder is 10-20 microns; the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is at least one of EVA 15028 and EVA 40028.

The ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer adopts EVA 15028 and EVA 40028 of Exxon Mobil.

The physical properties of the EVA 40028 of exxonmobil are as follows: the EVA 40028 contains no water and no solvent. Is solid at normal temperature, and becomes liquid with good fluidity at high temperature, and is not flammable. No harm to human body and high solidifying speed. EVA 40028 can bond multiple material, and especially the cohesive force between the homogeneous material of porosity is stronger, and the glued membrane flexibility after the solidification is good, and the hot melt adhesive can heat the reuse again, and chemical resistance nature is strong moreover.

The second aspect of the invention provides a preparation method of the waterproof breathable fabric special for the medical protective clothing, which comprises the following steps:

step one, soaking a base material in a moisture absorption and sweat releasing finishing liquid, pre-drying after padding, then laminating a melt-blown fabric layer and the base material, rolling, drying and shaping to obtain a pretreated base material;

step two, adding polytetrafluoroethylene micro powder, wood fiber and a dispersing agent into a stirrer according to the weight parts, stirring and dispersing uniformly, adding an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, banburying uniformly in an internal mixer, taking out sheets, feeding into an extrusion calender, calendering to form a film, and stretching bidirectionally to obtain the microporous hydrophobic film; and then, attaching the melt-blown cloth layer of the pretreated base material to the microporous hydrophobic membrane, cooling, rolling and shaping to obtain the special waterproof breathable fabric for the medical protective clothing.

The waterproof breathable fabric special for the medical protective clothing consists of a base material, a microporous hydrophobic membrane and a melt-blown fabric layer adhered between the base material and the microporous hydrophobic membrane; the base material is light and thin and has good strength, and the base material is used as an inner layer through finishing of the moisture absorption and sweat releasing finishing liquid, so that good air permeability and moisture releasing performance are ensured. The melt-blown cloth layer is arranged in the middle layer, so that the melt-blown cloth layer has the separation of various fine substances; particularly, polytetrafluoroethylene micro powder, wood fiber, a dispersing agent and an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer are extruded, calendered and stretched, and the polytetrafluoroethylene micro powder promotes the stretched film to form micropores; the wood fibers are dispersed in the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and form meshes when the film is stretched, so that the air permeability of the stretched film is improved; through dispersing polytetrafluoroethylene miropowder, wood fiber in ethylene ~ vinyl acetate copolymer extrusion calendering drawing, form the microporous membrane that has good hydrophobic effect, both guaranteed the gas permeability, guaranteed again to be used for medical protective clothing effectively to avoid the infiltration of patient's body fluid, blood and secretion, reduce medical personnel's infection risk, can perspire ventilative again, the travelling comfort that reinforcing medical personnel wore.

The base material is used as an inner layer through the finishing of the moisture absorption and sweat releasing finishing liquid, so that good air permeability and moisture releasing performance are ensured. After pre-drying, the melt-blown cloth layer is jointed and rolled to make the two layers jointed into a whole. And then the microporous hydrophobic membrane is attached to the melt-blown cloth layer while the microporous hydrophobic membrane is hot, and the melt-blown cloth layer is rolled and shaped, so that the waterproof breathable fabric special for the medical protective clothing can be finally prepared. The whole preparation process is relatively simple in process, short in working procedure time and suitable for industrial large-scale production.

Further, the moisture absorption and sweat releasing finishing liquid is an Ultraphil HSD finishing liquid with the concentration of 40-50 g/l, and the pH value of the moisture absorption and sweat releasing finishing liquid is 4-5.

The nylon fiber fabric finished by the Ultraphil HSD finishing liquid has good antistatic, decontamination, moisture absorption and sweat releasing functions, and can increase the comfort of the inner layer of protective clothing when being used for the protective clothing. And adjusting the pH value of the finishing liquid to 4-5 by using acetic acid in the finishing process.

Further, the dipping temperature in the first step is 20-40 ℃, and the time is 30-60 min;

the padding temperature in the first step is 40-50 ℃, and the mangle yield is 80%;

the temperature of the pre-drying in the first step is 80-100 ℃, and the time is 1-3 min;

the drying and shaping temperature in the first step is 80-90 ℃, and the time is 5-10 min.

The Ultraphil HSD finishing liquid generally adopts a padding method, and the base material has better air permeability and humidity removal performance after finishing by controlling parameters such as the temperature of the padding and the like; and then the time and the temperature of pre-drying and shaping are controlled, so that the melt-blown cloth layer and the base material are laminated and rolled into a whole, and the laminating degree of the melt-blown cloth layer and the base material is high.

The pre-drying time is too long, so that the finished surface loses viscosity, and the bonding property with melt-blown fabric is reduced; the temperature is too short, the finishing liquid of the finishing layer is easy to completely soak the melt-blown fabric, so that micropores of the melt-blown fabric are blocked, and the air permeability is influenced.

Further, the temperature of the pre-drying in the first step is 85-95 ℃, and the time is 2 min. The pre-drying time is too long, so that the finished surface loses viscosity, and the bonding property with the melt-blown fabric is reduced; the temperature is too short, the finishing liquid of the finishing layer is easy to completely soak the melt-blown fabric, so that micropores of the melt-blown fabric are blocked, and the air permeability is influenced. When the pre-drying time is 2min, the viscosity and the air permeability can be well balanced.

Further, the temperature of the internal mixer in the second step is less than or equal to 80 ℃; and the temperature of the extrusion calender in the second step is 100-110 ℃.

As mentioned above, the waterproof breathable fabric special for the medical protective clothing and the preparation method thereof have the following beneficial effects:

1. the waterproof breathable fabric special for the medical protective clothing has good water repellency and barrier property, and can effectively avoid the permeation of body fluid, blood and secretion of patients; meanwhile, the medical nursing wear can effectively avoid damage of the medical nursing wear under the action of external force, provides comprehensive protection for medical workers and is comfortable to wear.

2. The waterproof breathable fabric special for the medical protective clothing consists of a base material, a microporous hydrophobic membrane and a melt-blown fabric layer adhered between the base material and the microporous hydrophobic membrane. The base material has good air permeability and moisture permeability as an inner layer. The melt-blown cloth layer is arranged in the middle layer, so that the melt-blown cloth layer has the barrier property of various fine substances; particularly, polytetrafluoroethylene micro powder, wood fiber, a dispersing agent and an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer are extruded, calendered and stretched, and the polytetrafluoroethylene micro powder promotes the stretched film to form micropores; the wood fibers are dispersed in the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and form meshes when the film is stretched, so that the air permeability of the stretched film is improved; through dispersing polytetrafluoroethylene miropowder, wood fiber in ethylene ~ vinyl acetate copolymer extrusion calendering drawing, form the microporous membrane that has good hydrophobic effect, both guaranteed the gas permeability, guaranteed again to be used for medical protective clothing effectively to avoid the infiltration of patient's body fluid, blood and secretion, reduce medical personnel's infection risk, can perspire ventilative again, the travelling comfort that reinforcing medical personnel wore.

3. The base material is used as an inner layer through the finishing of the moisture absorption and sweat releasing finishing liquid, so that good air permeability and moisture releasing performance are ensured. After pre-drying, the melt-blown cloth layer is jointed and rolled to make the two layers jointed into a whole. And then the microporous hydrophobic membrane is attached to the melt-blown cloth layer while the microporous hydrophobic membrane is hot, and the melt-blown cloth layer is rolled and shaped, so that the waterproof breathable fabric special for the medical protective clothing can be finally prepared. The whole preparation process is relatively simple in process, short in working procedure time and suitable for industrial large-scale production.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments, but it should not be construed that the scope of the present invention is limited to the following examples. Various substitutions and alterations can be made by those skilled in the art and by conventional means without departing from the spirit of the method of the invention described above.