阅读说明：本技术 一种环保多孔陶瓷砖及其制备方法 (Environment-friendly porous ceramic tile and preparation method thereof ) 是由 朱义奎 于 2020-06-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种环保多孔陶瓷砖及其制备方法,属于废弃物处理及建筑材料技术领域。用于制备该多孔陶瓷砖所用的原料及其质量份数为：湖泊淤泥35～45份,河蚌壳30～40份,植物落叶15～30份。具体制备方法是先将湖泊淤泥和植物落叶按照一定配比混合,搅拌均匀,得到淤泥混合物,接着将河蚌壳破碎、球磨成粉后,按照一定配比,称量河蚌壳粉,加入淤泥浆料中,搅拌均匀,得到混合浆料,然后在室温条件下密封陈化12小时,放入制砖模具中压制成型,得到生砖胚。将生砖胚置于窑炉中,预热一段时间后,按照一定的温度制度进行烧结,接着随炉空冷至室温,得到表观密度为0.52～0.64g/cm<Sup>3</Sup>、气孔率为66.0～78.4％、抗压强度为7.8～10.5MPa的多孔陶瓷砖,实现了湖泊淤泥、河蚌壳和植物落叶等废弃物的再利用,减轻了环境污染,降低了建筑材料的生产成本。(An environment-friendly porous ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof belong to the technical field of waste treatment and building materials. The raw materials for preparing the porous ceramic tile and the parts by weight thereof are as follows: 35-45 parts of lake sludge, 30-40 parts of mussel shells and 15-30 parts of plant fallen leaves. The specific preparation method comprises the steps of firstly mixing lake silt and plant fallen leaves according to a certain proportion, uniformly stirring to obtain a silt mixture, then crushing and ball-milling the clam shells into powder, weighing the clam shell powder according to a certain proportion, and addingAdding the mixture into the sludge slurry, uniformly stirring to obtain mixed slurry, sealing and aging for 12 hours at room temperature, and putting the mixed slurry into a brick making mold for compression molding to obtain a green brick blank. Placing the green brick blank in a kiln, preheating for a period of time, sintering according to a certain temperature system, and then air-cooling to room temperature along with the kiln to obtain the green brick with the apparent density of 0.52-0.64 g/cm 3 The porous ceramic tile with the porosity of 66.0-78.4% and the compressive strength of 7.8-10.5 MPa realizes the reutilization of wastes such as lake sludge, clam shells, plant fallen leaves and the like, reduces the environmental pollution and reduces the production cost of building materials.)

1. An environment-friendly porous ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof are characterized in that the used raw materials and the mass portions thereof are as follows: 35-45 parts of lake sludge, 30-40 parts of mussel shells and 15-30 parts of plant fallen leaves.

2. The environment-friendly porous ceramic tile as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lake sludge is semi-wet sludge piled on the lake shore after dredging, and the water content is 40-60% by mass.

3. The environment-friendly porous ceramic tile as claimed in claim 1, wherein after the lake sludge is dried at 80 ℃, the dried sludge comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-35 parts of silicon dioxide, 15-20 parts of aluminum oxide, 6-12 parts of phosphorus pentoxide, 10-12 parts of calcium oxide, 5-8 parts of ferric oxide, 0-3 parts of magnesium oxide, 5-8 parts of potassium oxide, 3-5 parts of sodium oxide and 20-28 parts of organic matters.

4. The environment-friendly porous ceramic tile according to claim 1, wherein the clam shell comprises the following components in parts by weight: 95 parts of calcium carbonate and 5 parts of organic matters such as amino acid.

5. The environment-friendly porous ceramic tile as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plant fallen leaves comprise one or more semi-dry leaves of willow leaves, poplar leaves and betula leaves, and the water content is 45-65% by mass.

6. The eco-friendly porous ceramic tile according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the apparent density is 0.52 to 0.64g/cm³The porosity is 66.0 to 78.4%, and the compressive strength is 7.8 to 10.5 MPa.

7. The environmentally friendly porous ceramic tile according to any one of claims 1-6, comprising the following preparation steps:

(1) weighing lake sludge and plant fallen leaves according to the proportion, mixing the lake sludge and the plant fallen leaves, and uniformly stirring the mixture by using a mortar stirrer to obtain sludge slurry A;

(2) crushing the waste clam shells into small fragments by a crusher, then ball-milling and sieving by a 80-mesh sieve to obtain clam shell powder;

(3) weighing the clam shell powder according to the proportion, adding the clam shell powder into the sludge slurry A, stirring, obtaining mixed slurry B after uniformly stirring, and sealing and aging for 12 hours at room temperature;

(4) putting the aged mixed slurry B into a brick making mold for pressing and molding to obtain a green brick blank;

(5) and placing the green brick blank in a kiln, preheating for a period of time, sintering, and then air-cooling to room temperature along with the kiln to obtain the porous ceramic brick.

8. The environment-friendly porous ceramic tile according to claim 7, wherein the preheating step in step (5) is to heat the ceramic tile to 120-135 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min, and then to keep the temperature for 5-8 hours.

9. The eco-friendly porous ceramic tile as claimed in claim 7, wherein the sintering process of step (5) is to set up two sintering processes to the kiln, the first sintering process is to heat up to 700-800 ℃ at a rate of 3 ℃/min and to preserve heat for 120 min, and the second sintering process is to heat up to 1350-1450 ℃ at a rate of 3 ℃/min and to preserve heat for 90 min.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of waste treatment and building materials, and particularly relates to an environment-friendly porous ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The method is characterized in that fresh water lakes in middle and downstream areas of Yangtze river in China are abundant, natural soft soil at the bottom of the lake naturally deposits in water for a long time, in addition, waterweeds are propagated and rotted in a large quantity and are decomposed under the chemical action of microorganisms to generate sludge slurry with ultrahigh water content, organic matters in the sludge are decomposed under the anoxic condition to be acidic to inhibit the growth of fishes, once the sludge at the bottom of the lake is accumulated to a certain degree, the organic matters are consumed too much, the lower-layer water is in an anoxic state for a long time, and the fishes are anoxic and even die in summer and autumn, so in winter or spring, people usually use an excavator to desilt, the excavated large amount of sludge causes serious pollution to the surrounding environment, and how to treat the sludge as soon as possible becomes the problem to be solved urge.

The porous ceramic tile has the characteristics of small volume density, high specific surface area, low thermal conductivity, acid resistance, alkali resistance, high temperature and pressure resistance and no secondary pollution due to the unique porous structure, so that the porous ceramic tile is a green and environment-friendly functional material and is widely applied to the fields of energy conservation and environmental protection, industrial smelting, chemical biology, food and pharmaceutical industry and the like, and if the sludge can be used for preparing the porous ceramic tile, the manufacturing cost of building materials can be greatly saved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides an environment-friendly porous ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof, wherein sludge waste is used as a main raw material, waste clam shells and leaves are used as auxiliary materials, and the processes of crushing, weighing, mixing, stirring, aging, press forming, preheating, sintering, cooling and the like are carried out to prepare the ceramic tile with the apparent density of 0.52-0.64 g/cm³The porous ceramic tile with the porosity of 66.0-78.4% and the compressive strength of 7.8-10.5 MPa realizes the beneficial utilization of wastes, solves the problem of waste pollution, reduces the environmental pollution, and has good social and economic benefits.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technology of the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the invention relates to an environment-friendly porous ceramic tile, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-45 parts of lake sludge, 30-40 parts of mussel shells and 15-30 parts of plant fallen leaves.

The lake sludge is semi-wet sludge piled on the lake shore after dredging, and the water content is 40-60% by mass.

Preferably, after the lake sludge is dried at the temperature of 80 ℃, the components and parts by weight of the dry sludge are as follows: 20-35 parts of silicon dioxide, 15-20 parts of aluminum oxide, 6-12 parts of phosphorus pentoxide, 10-12 parts of calcium oxide, 5-8 parts of ferric oxide, 0-3 parts of magnesium oxide, 5-8 parts of potassium oxide, 3-5 parts of sodium oxide and 20-28 parts of organic matters.

The clam shell comprises the following components in parts by weight: 95 parts of calcium carbonate and 5 parts of organic matters such as amino acid.

Preferably, the fallen leaves of the plants comprise one or more semi-dry leaves of willow leaves, poplar leaves and sweet birch leaves, and the water content is 45-65% by mass.

The apparent density of the environment-friendly porous ceramic tile is 0.52-0.64 g/cm³The porosity is 66 to 78%, and the compressive strength is 7.8 to 10.5 MPa.

The invention relates to an environment-friendly porous ceramic tile, which comprises the following preparation steps:

(1) weighing lake sludge and plant fallen leaves according to the proportion, mixing the lake sludge and the plant fallen leaves, and uniformly stirring the mixture by using a mortar stirrer to obtain sludge slurry A;

(2) crushing the waste clam shells into small fragments by a crusher, then ball-milling and sieving by a 80-mesh sieve to obtain clam shell powder;

(3) weighing the clam shell powder according to the proportion, adding the clam shell powder into the sludge slurry A, stirring, obtaining mixed slurry B after uniformly stirring, and sealing and aging for 12 hours at room temperature;

(4) pouring the aged mixed slurry B into a brick making mold for pressing and molding to obtain a green brick blank;

(5) and placing the green brick blank in a kiln, preheating for a period of time, sintering, and then air-cooling to room temperature along with the kiln to obtain the porous ceramic brick.

In the step (5), the preheating process is to heat the mixture to 120-135 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min, and then to keep the temperature for 5-8 hours.

In the step (5), the sintering process is to set two sintering processes for the kiln, wherein the first sintering process is to heat up to 700-800 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min and preserve heat for 120 min, and the second sintering process is to heat up to 1350-1450 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min and preserve heat for 90 min.

The beneficial effects of the invention include:

(1) the raw materials used by the invention comprise wastes such as lake sludge and clam shells in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze river, water is not added in the slurry mixing process, and sludge and plant fallen leaves are not required to be dried, so that the environment-friendly porous ceramic brick is prepared, the ecological environment is beautified, the wastes can be utilized, the energy consumption is reduced, and the cost required for preparing building materials is saved, therefore, the environment-friendly porous ceramic brick has good social and economic benefits and has wide application prospect.

(2) The plant fallen leaves used by the invention comprise willow leaves, poplar leaves and sweet birch leaves, not only play a role of a pore-forming agent in the sintering process, but also contain rich salicylic acid in the willow leaves, the poplar leaves and the sweet birch leaves, can react with silt and mussel shell powder, and can be used as an accelerant and a binder in the aging process, so that the mussel shell powder and the silt slurry material can be better kneaded, mutually permeated and uniformly mixed, and a porous framework is favorably formed in the sintering process.

(3) The clam shells and plant fallen leaves used in the invention can both play the role of pore-forming agent.

(4) The purpose of the preheating of the invention is to fully discharge the moisture and the small molecular substances in the green brick blank.

(5) The sludge used by the invention contains rich organic matters, is beneficial to bonding all the components together during initial mixing and aging, is beneficial to forming a microstructure framework during later sintering, improves the compressive strength of the porous ceramic tile and has high durability.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.

In the following examples, the lake sludge used after drying contains the following components in parts by mass: 25 parts of silicon dioxide, 17 parts of aluminum oxide, 8.5 parts of phosphorus pentoxide, 10 parts of calcium oxide, 6 parts of iron oxide, 1.5 parts of magnesium oxide, 6.5 parts of potassium oxide, 3.5 parts of sodium oxide and 22 parts of organic matters.

In the following examples, the lake sludge used was semi-wet sludge piled up on the lake shore after dredging, and the water content was 55% by mass.

In the following examples, the plant leaves used were willow leaves containing 52% water.

The invention relates to an environment-friendly porous ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof, wherein the environment-friendly porous ceramic tile comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-45 parts of lake sludge, 30-40 parts of mussel shells and 15-30 parts of plant fallen leaves.