阅读说明：本技术 一种新模式鸭粪无害化、资源化利用方法 (Novel mode harmless and resource utilization method for duck manure ) 是由 袁文鹏 孙运奇 于 2020-03-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种新模式鸭粪无害化、资源化利用方法,包括如下步骤：步骤一：将鸭粪与辅料混合,剪切鸭粪与辅料的混合物使鸭粪与辅料的混合物呈半流体状态,加入黑水虻幼虫伴生菌剂,混合均匀,得鸭粪混合物,备用；步骤二：将步骤一所得鸭粪混合物平铺,然后将黑水虻3龄幼虫接至鸭粪中,处理5-7天,过筛将鲜虫与鸭粪料渣分离,鲜虫经加工作为畜禽、宠物饲料利用；步骤三：将鸭粪料渣与辅料混匀,拌入发酵菌剂,堆成堆垛,进行静态好氧堆肥发酵；步骤四：堆肥发酵处理后经陈化作为有机肥使用。本发明利用黑水虻生物转化鸭粪为昆虫蛋白,同时降低了鸭粪水分含量,更利于生物堆肥,解决了鸭粪无害化处理成本高、资源化利用效益低等问题。(A novel mode harmless and resource utilization method of duck manure comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: mixing duck manure with auxiliary materials, shearing the mixture of the duck manure and the auxiliary materials to enable the mixture of the duck manure and the auxiliary materials to be in a semi-fluid state, adding a Hermetia illucens larva associated microbial inoculum, and uniformly mixing to obtain a duck manure mixture for later use; step two: laying the duck manure mixture obtained in the step one, then inoculating 3-year-old larvae of hermetia illucens into duck manure, treating for 5-7 days, sieving to separate fresh insects from duck manure residues, and processing the fresh insects to be used as livestock and poultry and pet feed; step three: uniformly mixing the duck manure residues and auxiliary materials, adding a fermentation microbial inoculum, stacking, and performing static aerobic composting fermentation; step four: the compost is aged after fermentation treatment and is used as an organic fertilizer. According to the method, the hermetia illucens is used for biotransformation of the duck manure into insect protein, the moisture content of the duck manure is reduced, the bio-composting is facilitated, and the problems of high cost, low resource utilization benefit and the like of harmless treatment of the duck manure are solved.)

1. A novel mode harmless and resource utilization method of duck manure is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: mixing duck manure with the water content of 89-95% and auxiliary materials according to a certain mass ratio, adjusting the water content of the duck manure to 67-80%, shearing the mixture of the duck manure and the auxiliary materials to enable the mixture of the duck manure and the auxiliary materials to be in a semi-fluid state, adding a Hermetia illucens larva associated microbial inoculum, and uniformly mixing to obtain a duck manure mixture for later use;

step two: laying the duck manure mixture obtained in the step one, then inoculating 3-year-old black soldier fly larvae into duck manure, treating for 5-7 days at the room temperature of 30-32 ℃ and the relative humidity of the environment of 70-75%, and sieving to separate fresh insects from the duck manure material residues when the water content of the duck manure mixture is reduced to 43-56%;

step three: uniformly mixing the duck manure residues and auxiliary materials according to the mass ratio of 10-12:1, mixing a fermentation microbial inoculum accounting for 0.25-0.50 per thousand of the weight of the duck manure residues, then transferring the compost to an open field, piling into a long strip-shaped stack with the height of 1-1.5m and the width within 4m, covering an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene film on the surface of the compost, supplying oxygen to the compost by adopting a pipeline forced ventilation mode, and performing static aerobic composting fermentation treatment;

step four: the compost is aged after fermentation treatment and is used as an organic fertilizer.

2. The harmless and resource utilization method of the duck manure in the new mode according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the auxiliary materials in the step one or the step three are any one of bran, edible fungus dregs and crop straws or a mixture of any two of bran, edible fungus dregs and crop straws mixed in any proportion.

3. The harmless and resource utilization method of the duck manure in the new mode according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that: the particle size of the auxiliary material crushed particles is 1-1.5 mm.

4. The harmless and resource utilization method of the duck manure in the new mode according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the adding mass of the heisui river horsefly larva accompanying microbial inoculum is 0.10-0.15% of the mass of duck manure with the water content of 89-95%.

5. The method for harmless and resource utilization of duck manure in a new mode according to claim 1, wherein the first black soldier fly larva accompanying microbial inoculum consists of bacillus subtilis and bacillus amyloliquefaciens and is prepared by LB culture medium culture, wherein the content of each strain is 1 × 10⁸-1×10⁹cfu/mL。

6. The harmless and resource utilization method of the duck manure in the new mode according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the second step, the addition amount of the black soldier fly 3-instar larvae to the duck manure mixture is 100-150 g/t.

7. The harmless and resource utilization method of the duck manure in the new mode according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and in the second step, the thickness of the spread duck manure mixture is 5-10 cm.

8. The harmless and resource utilization method of the duck manure in the new mode according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the addition quality of the zymophyte agent added in the third step is 0.25-0.50 per mill of the weight of the duck manure residues.

9. The harmless and resource utilization method of the duck manure in the new mode according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the third step, the time of the static aerobic composting fermentation treatment is 15 to 20 days, and the fermentation temperature is 70 to 75 ℃.

10. The harmless and resource utilization method of the duck manure in the new mode according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the hermetia illucens obtained in the second step can be used for feeding poultry and aquatic bird species after being cleaned and sterilized, or can be prepared into protein feed through processes of drying, crushing, degreasing or non-degreasing, and the like, so that fish meal, meat and bone meal and the like are replaced, and the utilization rate of resources is improved.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of duck manure treatment, and particularly relates to a novel mode method for harmless treatment and resource utilization of duck manure.

Background

Along with the large-scale and intensive cultivation of meat ducks, the problem of environmental pollution caused by duck manure in duck farms is more and more prominent, and the duck manure becomes one of the bottlenecks which disturb the healthy development of the meat duck industry.

The duck belongs to water poultry, the excrement is high in water content and rich in nutrient substances (see table 1), but nitrogen in the duck excrement is mainly in a uric acid state, uric acid cannot be directly absorbed and utilized by crops, the growth of root systems of the crops is harmful, meanwhile, underground pests are easily attracted by fresh manure, and harmless treatment is needed. The main material content of the duck manure is shown in the table I:

average water content

Average solid content

Organic dry matter

Crude protein

Salinity

Total carbon content

Carbon to nitrogen ratio

90-92%

8-10%

76%TS

27g/100g

0.2-1%

400g/kg

15

Watch 1

Currently, the harmless treatment of duck manure has the following modes:

1. composting, namely composting duck manure refers to a method for decomposing, decomposing and converting organic matters in the duck manure into stable humus-like soil under the condition of manual control by virtue of biochemical action of microorganisms. Aerobic fermentation is mostly adopted, and is a method for decomposing organic matters to stabilize the organic matters by turning piles and forcibly sending air to draw air, and products comprise carbon dioxide, water, humus soil and the like. The method for treating the duck manure has the biggest problems of large straw use amount, long period, large occupied area, peculiar smell, high cost and poor operability.

2. Building a sewage plant: the treated excrement and sewage reaches the discharge standard of urban sewage, and a sewage treatment plant needs to be built. The disadvantages are as follows: the cost is high, and enterprises are difficult to bear. Take a standard cultivation base for 700 ten thousand large meat ducks as an example. A standard sewage treatment plant of 100 tons needs to be invested and constructed, the investment cost is about 250 ten thousand yuan, the operation cost is 10-20 yuan/ton, namely the operation cost of 1000-. Such high costs are prohibitive for the enterprise.

3. The duck manure with the methane tank can be used for preparing methane, and the methane is mixed gas generated by decomposing carbon-containing organic matters in the manure by anaerobic microorganisms (mainly methane bacteria). Biogas is an energy source and can be used for illumination, fuel, power generation and the like. The fermented biogas residues can be used as fertilizer, and the biogas slurry can be discharged into a fishpond for biological treatment. The disadvantages are as follows: large investment, poor feasibility (low northern temperature), and difficult treatment of biogas slurry and biogas residues.

The treatment mode and method for the duck manure have poor economic benefits and high treatment cost, and the invention realizes a new mode and method for harmless treatment and resource utilization of the duck manure.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a harmless and resource utilization method of duck manure in a new mode, which is used for overcoming the defects in the prior art.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a novel mode harmless and resource utilization method of duck manure comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: mixing duck manure with the water content of 89-95% and auxiliary materials according to a certain mass ratio, adjusting the water content of the duck manure to 67-80%, shearing the mixture of the duck manure and the auxiliary materials to enable the mixture of the duck manure and the auxiliary materials to be in a semi-fluid state, adding a Hermetia illucens larva associated microbial inoculum, and uniformly mixing to obtain a duck manure mixture for later use;

step two: laying the duck manure mixture obtained in the step one, then inoculating 3-year-old black soldier fly larvae into duck manure, treating for 5-7 days at the room temperature of 30-32 ℃ and the relative humidity of the environment of 70-75%, and sieving to separate fresh insects from the duck manure material residues when the water content of the duck manure mixture is reduced to 43-56%;

step three: uniformly mixing the duck manure residues and auxiliary materials according to the mass ratio of 10-12:1, mixing a fermentation microbial inoculum accounting for 0.25-0.50 per thousand of the weight of the duck manure residues, then transferring the compost to an open field, piling into a long strip-shaped stack with the height of 1-1.5m and the width within 4m, covering an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene film on the surface of the compost, supplying oxygen to the compost by adopting a pipeline forced ventilation mode, and performing static aerobic composting fermentation treatment;

step four: the compost is aged after fermentation treatment and is used as an organic fertilizer.

According to the harmless and resource utilization method of the novel-mode duck manure, the auxiliary materials in the step one or the step three are any one of bran, edible fungus dregs and crop straws or a mixture of any two of the bran, the edible fungus dregs and the crop straws in any proportion.

According to the harmless and resource utilization method of the duck manure in the new mode, the particle size of the auxiliary material crushed particles is 1-1.5 mm.

According to the harmless and resource utilization method of the duck manure in the new mode, the adding mass of the hermetia illucens larva associated microbial inoculum is 0.10-0.15% of the mass of the duck manure with the water content of 89-95%.

The duck manure with a new mode as described aboveIn the first step, the hermetia illucens larva associated microbial inoculum consists of bacillus subtilis and bacillus amyloliquefaciens and is prepared by culturing the bacillus subtilis and the bacillus amyloliquefaciens in an LB culture medium, wherein the content of each strain is 1 × 10⁸-1×10⁹cfu/mL。

According to the method for harmless and resource utilization of the duck manure in the new mode, the addition amount of the 3 rd black soldier fly larvae to the duck manure mixture in the second step is 100-150 g/t.

According to the novel mode harmless and resource utilization method for the duck manure, the thickness of the spread duck manure mixture in the second step is 5-10 cm.

According to the novel mode harmless and resource utilization method of the duck manure, the addition mass of the zymophyte agent added in the third step is 0.25-0.50 per mill of the weight of the duck manure residues.

The method for harmless and resource utilization of the duck manure in the new mode comprises the third step of fermenting the static aerobic compost for 15-20 days at a fermentation temperature of 70-75 ℃.

According to the novel mode duck manure harmless and resource utilization method, the hermetia illucens obtained in the step two can be used for feeding poultry and aquatic bird species after being cleaned and sterilized, or can be prepared into protein feed through processes of drying, crushing, degreasing or non-degreasing, and the like, so that fish meal, meat and bone meal and the like are replaced, and the utilization rate of resources is improved.

The invention provides a harmless and resource utilization method of duck manure in a new mode, which has the remarkable progress that:

1. the method realizes the full utilization of duck manure resources, the black soldier fly is utilized to biologically convert duck manure into insect protein, the insect protein can be developed into high-quality feed, the insect sand and the unused waste are subjected to composting treatment, the bio-organic fertilizer can be prepared, and high-value and resource utilization is realized while harmless treatment is carried out.

2. The method realizes the zero discharge of the duck manure, the conventional treatment of the duck manure needs solid-liquid separation, and the liquid manure needs complicated subsequent treatment and reaches the standard to be discharged, and the method does not relate to the discharge of any waste liquid.

3. The invention realizes the high-density breeding of the hermetia illucens and has obvious economic benefit. In the method, effective auxiliary materials and duck manure compound auxiliary materials are determined, the particle size of the materials is 1-1.5mm by adopting a shearing mode, and the materials are kept in a semi-fluid state, so that a good growth environment is provided for the growth of black soldier fly larvae; meanwhile, the larva associated microbial inoculum is added, so that the intestinal flora balance of the black soldier fly larvae can be adjusted, the influence of mycotoxin on the growth of the black soldier fly larvae is reduced, the survival rate of the larvae is improved, and the high-density culture is realized.

4. According to the invention, the duck manure residues are subjected to static aerobic composting fermentation treatment by using a microbial inoculum and a molecular membrane, so that the fermented product is complete in removing sundry bacteria and roundworm eggs, and good in decomposition effect; compared with the traditional compost fermentation process, the method can obviously shorten the fermentation period, has low requirement on the fermentation field, and can realize the mobile operation of a fermentation treatment system.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.