阅读说明：本技术 一种纳米壳聚糖修饰棉纤维及其制备方法 (Nano chitosan modified cotton fiber and preparation method thereof ) 是由 叶泗洪 邓小楠 白雪 程邦进 李常凤 刘方志 闫晓明 于 2020-05-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种纳米壳聚糖修饰棉纤维。本发明公开了上述纳米壳聚糖修饰棉纤维的制备方法,包括：将棉纤维送入氢氧化钠溶液中搅拌,洗涤,烘干,送入高碘酸钠溶液,避光搅拌得到活化棉纤维；将纳米壳聚糖、纤维素分散剂、乙酸混合均匀,加入三异硬脂酰基钛酸异丙酯搅拌,在搅拌状态下加入正硅酸乙酯,继续搅拌,真空脱泡得到预处理纳米壳聚糖溶液；将活化棉纤维浸泡在预处理纳米壳聚糖溶液中脉冲微波处理,过滤,室温晾干得到纳米壳聚糖修饰棉纤维。本发明采用纳米壳聚糖对棉纤维进行修饰,使棉纤维具有较好的保温基础,而且具有优异的抗菌、抗紫外线性能,方法环境友好,可将其应用到医疗卫生、抗菌织物领域。(The invention discloses a nano chitosan modified cotton fiber. The invention discloses a preparation method of the nano chitosan modified cotton fiber, which comprises the following steps: putting the cotton fiber into a sodium hydroxide solution, stirring, washing, drying, putting into a sodium periodate solution, and stirring in a dark place to obtain activated cotton fiber; uniformly mixing nano chitosan, a cellulose dispersant and acetic acid, adding triisostearoyl isopropyl titanate, stirring, adding tetraethoxysilane under a stirring state, continuously stirring, and defoaming in vacuum to obtain a pretreated nano chitosan solution; and soaking the activated cotton fiber in the pretreated nano chitosan solution, performing pulse microwave treatment, filtering, and airing at room temperature to obtain the nano chitosan modified cotton fiber. The invention adopts the nano chitosan to modify the cotton fiber, so that the cotton fiber has better heat preservation foundation, excellent antibacterial and ultraviolet resistance, environment-friendly method and application in the fields of medical treatment, sanitation and antibacterial fabrics.)

1. A preparation method of nano chitosan modified cotton fiber is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, putting the cotton fiber into a sodium hydroxide solution, stirring at 70-80 ℃, washing, drying, putting into a sodium periodate solution, and stirring in the dark to obtain activated cotton fiber;

s2, uniformly mixing the nano chitosan, the cellulose dispersant and acetic acid, adding triisostearoyl isopropyl titanate, stirring at 40-50 ℃, adding tetraethoxysilane under a stirring state, continuously stirring, and carrying out vacuum defoaming to obtain a pretreated nano chitosan solution;

s3, soaking the activated cotton fiber in the pretreated nano chitosan solution, performing pulse microwave treatment for 5-15min, pausing for 5-15S every 1min of microwave treatment reaction, wherein the microwave power is 400-500W, filtering, and drying at room temperature to obtain the nano chitosan modified cotton fiber.

2. The method for preparing nano chitosan modified cotton fiber as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concentration of sodium hydroxide solution in S1 is 0.5-0.8 mol/L.

3. The method for preparing nano chitosan modified cotton fiber according to claim 1, wherein in S1, the mass fraction of the sodium periodate solution is 2.13-4.32%.

4. The method for preparing the nano chitosan modified cotton fiber according to claim 2 or 3, wherein in S1, the mass ratio of the cotton fiber to the sodium hydroxide solution to the sodium periodate solution is 10-20: 80-120: 80-120.

5. The method for preparing the nano chitosan modified cotton fiber of claim 1, wherein in S2, the mass ratio of the nano chitosan, the cellulose dispersant, acetic acid, isopropyl triisostearoyl titanate and ethyl orthosilicate is 2-4: 0.1-0.5: 20-40: 1-2: 10-20.

6. The method for preparing the nano chitosan modified cotton fiber according to claim 1, wherein in S2, the nano chitosan has a particle size of 10-80 nm.

7. The method for preparing the chitosan-modified cotton fiber of claim 6, wherein in the nano chitosan of S2, the mass percentage of chitosan with the particle size of more than or equal to 10nm and less than 30nm is 30-50%, the mass percentage of chitosan with the particle size of more than or equal to 30nm and less than 50nm is 40-60%, and the balance is chitosan with the particle size of more than or equal to 50nm and less than or equal to 80 nm.

8. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S3, the pulse microwave treatment is performed for 8-12min, the reaction time is 1min and the reaction time is 8-12S, and the microwave power is 430-470W.

9. A nano chitosan modified cotton fiber, which is characterized by being prepared by the preparation method of the nano chitosan modified cotton fiber of any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The nano chitosan modified cotton fiber as claimed in claim 9, which is applied to the fields of antibacterial fabrics or medical health.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of cotton fiber modification, in particular to a nano chitosan modified cotton fiber and preparation and application thereof.

Background

The cotton fiber is popular with consumers due to excellent moisture absorption, ventilation, comfort, softness, heat preservation, reproducibility, degradability and the like. However, cotton fibers still have insufficient functionality compared to synthetic fibers. The cotton fiber has the characteristics of large specific surface area, strong moisture absorption capacity and the like, so that microorganisms are easy to attach, reproduce and transmit in the process of taking, thereby causing the strength reduction of the cotton fiber, the generation of stains, discoloration and odor, even the transmission of diseases and influencing the health of human bodies.

Meanwhile, excessive ultraviolet irradiation can cause skin damage, aging and even canceration. Therefore, in order to fully exploit the potential functions of the cotton fibers and improve the technical content and the product added value of the cotton fibers, the functional modification of the cotton fibers becomes an important research direction.

The nano material is a material with the size of 1-100nm, has the advantages of uniform particle size, multiple functions and the like, and has wide research and application in the fields of biology, medicine, textile, printing and dyeing and the like. Among various types of nano materials, nano chitosan is a natural biological polymer obtained by deacetylation of chitin, and widely exists in shells of natural crustaceans, skins of insects and the like, skeletons of mollusks and cell walls of fungal algae plants, and the natural polymer is widely concerned by various industries due to excellent performances such as biocompatibility, safety, microbial degradability and the like. However, at present, the nano chitosan and the cotton fiber lack firm acting force combination, and the washing fastness is weak, so that the antibacterial and ultraviolet resistance of the cotton fiber is continuously poor.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides a nano chitosan modified cotton fiber and a preparation method and application thereof.

A preparation method of nano chitosan modified cotton fiber comprises the following steps:

s1, putting the cotton fiber into a sodium hydroxide solution, stirring at 70-80 ℃, washing, drying, putting into a sodium periodate solution, and stirring in the dark to obtain activated cotton fiber;

s2, uniformly mixing the nano chitosan, the cellulose dispersant and acetic acid, adding triisostearoyl isopropyl titanate, stirring at 40-50 ℃, adding tetraethoxysilane under a stirring state, continuously stirring, and carrying out vacuum defoaming to obtain a pretreated nano chitosan solution;

s3, soaking the activated cotton fiber in the pretreated nano chitosan solution, performing pulse microwave treatment for 5-15min, pausing for 5-15S every 1min of microwave treatment reaction, wherein the microwave power is 400-500W, filtering, and drying at room temperature to obtain the nano chitosan modified cotton fiber.

Preferably, in S1, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 0.5-0.8 mol/L.

Preferably, in S1, the mass fraction of the sodium periodate solution is 2.13-4.32%.

Preferably, in S1, the mass ratio of the cotton fiber to the sodium hydroxide solution to the sodium periodate solution is 10-20: 80-120: 80-120.

Preferably, in S2, the mass ratio of the nano chitosan, the cellulose dispersant, the acetic acid, the triisostearoyl isopropyl titanate and the tetraethoxysilane is 2-4: 0.1-0.5: 20-40: 1-2: 10-20.

The cellulose dispersant is prepared by the following process: dissolving sodium carboxymethylcellulose with a substitution degree of 0.2-0.4 in deionized water, wherein the weight ratio of the sodium carboxymethylcellulose to the deionized water is 1: 3-5, adding white carbon black in the stirring process, wherein the adding amount of the white carbon black is 0.2-0.4 time of that of the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and performing ball milling dispersion for 10-30min at the ball milling rotation speed of 800-1000r/min to obtain the cellulose dispersing agent.

The cellulose dispersant has a particle size of 0.1-0.15 μm, a viscosity of 10-14mPa.s, and a centrifugal stability of 88-90%.

The cellulose dispersing agent has good dispersibility, small particle size and high stability, can promote the nano chitosan to be uniformly dispersed in an acetic acid solution, and can activate the nano chitosan to enhance the bonding strength with the nano silicon dioxide.

Preferably, in S2, the nano chitosan has a particle size of 10-80 nm.

Preferably, in the nano chitosan of S2, the mass percentage of chitosan with a particle size of 10nm or more and less than 30nm is 30-50%, the mass percentage of chitosan with a particle size of 30nm or more and less than 50nm is 40-60%, and the balance is chitosan with a particle size of 50nm or more and 80nm or less.

Preferably, in S3, the pulse microwave treatment is carried out for 8-12min, the reaction is suspended for 8-12S every 1min of microwave treatment, and the microwave power is 430-470W.

A nano chitosan modified cotton fiber is prepared by the preparation method of the nano chitosan modified cotton fiber.

The nano chitosan modified cotton fiber is applied to the fields of antibacterial fabrics or medical treatment and health.

The technical effects of the invention are as follows:

(1) because the surface of the nano chitosan contains a large amount of cations, and the tetraethoxysilane is hydrolyzed into silicon dioxide with negative charges in an acetic acid solution, the nano silicon dioxide obtained by hydrolysis is tightly adsorbed on the surface of the nano chitosan by utilizing the interaction of the nano chitosan and the tetraethoxysilane, and the triisostearoyl isopropyl titanate promotes the chemical bonding between the nano silicon dioxide and the chitosan, so that the nano chitosan has excellent anti-aging and chemical resistance; meanwhile, the method can effectively avoid the agglomeration phenomenon of the nano silicon dioxide, and the nano chitosan is uniformly grafted on the surface;

(2) the invention grafts the pretreated nano chitosan on the surface of the activated cotton fiber, and can form a protective film on the surface of the activated cotton fiber, so that the product has good antibacterial and ultraviolet resistance performances, good mechanical property and difficult shedding in the washing process, thereby having lasting antibacterial and ultraviolet resistance performances;

(3) the fiber obtained by the invention has a large amount of nano-scale gaps, obtains excellent heat preservation effect, enables the heat preservation effect of the product to be controllable by controlling the addition amount of nano-silica, has a heat conductivity coefficient of 0.01-0.014W/(m.K) at normal temperature, and has more stable thermodynamic performance compared with other materials.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples.