阅读说明：本技术 可燃性固体半固体物零烟雾燃烧配套小型炉具炉芯及形状 (Small stove core and shape matched with combustible solid semi-solid zero smoke combustion ) 是由 不公告发明人 于 2019-01-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明是对本发明人2018.04.27申请的发明专利“烟煤褐煤生物质燃料聚烯烃等废塑料零烟雾燃烧技术”(申请号201810390637.4)当中,配套炉芯(2)及聚火板(6)、煤型和通风孔总面积扩大及合理布局三部分内容的技术性细化。1,遴选保温-耐火性能同时优良的高白度硅酸铝纤维模块作为炉芯(2)A段的内圈,采用保温-耐火性能亦较好的泡沫玻璃或泡沫陶瓷或硅酸钙模块即炉芯(17)作外圈。2,将下置煤(9)顶部内圈通风孔部位设计为凹形,以利方便、快捷地对正煤堆的通风孔。3,将通风孔总面积扩大30％,并布局为主要扩大4个内圈通风孔。如此可大为增加中小型炉具炉灶实现全过程充分、零烟雾燃烧的可靠性。(The invention relates to a technology for zero-smoke combustion of waste plastics such as bituminous coal lignite biomass fuel polyolefin and the like (application number 201810390637.4) applied by an inventor 2018.04.27, wherein the technology is technically refined by matching a furnace core (2) and a fire gathering plate (6), enlarging the total area of a coal mold and a vent hole and reasonably arranging the three contents. 1, selecting a high-whiteness aluminum silicate fiber module with excellent heat preservation and fire resistance as an inner ring of a section A of the furnace core (2), and adopting a foam glass or foam ceramic or calcium silicate module with better heat preservation and fire resistance, namely a furnace core (17), as an outer ring. 2, the air vent part of the inner ring at the top of the lower coal (9) is designed to be concave, so that the air vent of the coal pile is conveniently and quickly aligned. 3, expanding the total area of the vent holes by 30 percent and arranging to mainly expand 4 inner ring vent holes. Therefore, the reliability of full and zero smoke combustion of the small and medium-sized stove can be greatly improved.)

1. In the invention patent application of 'waste plastic zero smoke combustion technology of bituminous coal lignite biomass fuel polyolefin and the like' (application number 2018.10390637.4) in 2018, 4 and 27 of the applicant, the matched heat preservation-fire resistant furnace core (2) and fire gathering plate (6) are refined by selecting materials, structural forms, sizes and manufacturing methods, the total area of the coal type and the ventilation holes is enlarged, and the reasonable layout is also refined, and the three inventions are technically characterized in that: firstly, an inner ring (2) and a fire gathering plate (6) of a section A furnace core shown in the attached figure 1 of the specification are selected, high-whiteness aluminum silicate fiber with the best heat preservation-fire resistance effect is manufactured in a modularized mode, and an outer ring (17) of the furnace core is made of foam glass or foam ceramic or a calcium silicate module with lower cost, so that the reliability of successful ignition in a zero-smoke state is improved; secondly, as shown in the attached figure 2 of the specification, the lower coal (9) at the top of the concave part is designed to ensure that the whole coal pile vent hole is aligned simply, conveniently and quickly, and the probability of smoke generation and combustion caused by insufficient local ventilation quantity can be greatly reduced by the simple technical measure; thirdly, the total area of the vent holes is enlarged by 30 percent and is reasonably distributed so as to ensure more reasonable air distribution; the three inventions can furthest increase the reliability of the parent patent technology product of the invention, which successfully realizes the ignition combustion in a zero-smoke state, then smoothly realizes the long flame combustion in most processes, and has full whole process, high sulfur fixation, high heating efficiency and zero-smoke combustion.

2. Material consisting of a thermo-refractory core (2, 17) and a fire-trap plate (6) according to claim 1Is characterized in that: one, a thermal conductivity as high as 0.035WThe volume weight is as low as 0.1, the furnace core (2), namely the inner ring material, is continuously used for a long time at the high temperature of about 1000 ℃ in a hearth, and the high-whiteness alumina silicate fiber is selected as the furnace core (2), namely the inner ring material, because the high-whiteness alumina silicate fiber has the lowest heat conductivity coefficient, the best high-temperature resistance and high whiteness, the high-whiteness alumina silicate fiber is favorable for reflecting light and heat to a fuel pile, and the surface of the inner ring is coated with a thin layer of magnesium oxide and a liquid alkaline mixture of sodium silicate more than 2.8 moulds, so that the light and heat reflecting effect can be improved, and; secondly, one of foam glass, foam ceramic and calcium silicate which has excellent heat preservation and fire resistance is selected as the outer ring of the section A furnace core (17) so as to reduce some cost, which is very important for realizing successful ignition in a fog and smoke state (especially in cold seasons, under the unfavorable addition of minimum diameter briquette and the like) and quickly forming a large combustion chamber (7) and a high-temperature area at the top of the ignition coal (10) after ignition; thirdly, because the heat-preservation and fire-resistant materials can modularly produce the furnace cores (2, 17) and the fire-gathering plate (6) in large scale and are easy to cut and process on site, the furnace cores (2, 17) and the fire-gathering plate (6) with different shapes and sizes required by the transformation of various industrial furnaces and stoves can be assembled simply, quickly and in a low-cost way by building block combination; fourthly, the heat insulation materials (3) filled outside the furnace cores (2, 17) and the low-grade furnaces can use expanded perlite (commonly called as vitrified micro-beads) with the floating rate of more than 70 percent, the middle-grade furnaces can use fly ash floating beads and hollow glass micro-beads (produced by adding a part of waste glass materials) with the floating rate of more than 90 percent, and the particle sizes of the floating beads and the micro-beads are selected and reasonably distributed.

3. The concave roof coal (9) according to claim 1, characterized by: as long as the outer circular surfaces of the piled coal blocks are aligned visually, any outer ring vent hole is also aligned, or two radial outer ring vent holes are aligned simultaneously, the inner ring vent hole corresponding to the concave part has no risk of blockage, the method is simple, convenient and quick, and the designed ventilation quantity can be ensured, which is another favorable technical measure besides the formula for realizing long-flame, full and zero-smoke combustion.

4. The total area of the third vent holes is properly enlarged and reasonably arranged according to claim 1, the invention determines that the enlargement is properly 30%, for this reason, the diameters of 8 vent holes on the outer ring are enlarged by 1 mm respectively, and 4 vent holes on the inner ring are enlarged by 4 mm; the inner ring ventilation hole is greatly enlarged, so that the oxygen supply amount in the main discharging torch is greatly increased, a multiple combustion effect larger than that of secondary air only from the outer ring is generated, and the combustion of long flame, sufficiency and zero smoke is very favorable.

5. According to the technical characteristics of the claims 1, 2, 3 and 4, in combination with the technical characteristics of the claims of the parent patent (application No. 2018.10390637.4), except for the large and medium-sized stoves needing forced heating, various combustible solid matters and semi-solid matters can be reasonably formulated and formed by using the clean combustion control technology of the series invention, and the large and medium-sized stoves can realize long flame combustion in the large and medium-sized stoves from ignition, full process and zero smoke combustion, so that the technical characteristics are within the technical scope of the application and the parent patent application.

A, the technical field

Clean combustion control technology for combustible solid and semisolid

Second, background Art

The invention relates to a refinement of the technology of a heat preservation-fire resistant furnace core matched with a small-sized furnace which is exemplified by the attached figure 1 of the specification in the invention patent of the applicant 2018.04.27 (application number 201810390637.4) of waste plastic zero smoke combustion technology such as bituminous coal, lignite, biomass fuel, polyolefin and the like; in addition, the existing smokeless coal balls are not suitable for the problem of high oxygen consumption of the ignition coal (10) of the invention that the vent holes are not easy to align and the total cross-sectional area of the vent holes is too small, and a new technical measure is needed to solve the problem, so that the reliability of zero-smoke combustion in the whole process from the moment of ignition can be smoothly realized even in severe cold weather when the combustible solid semi-solid is added in a small simple stove or range.

It can be known from the parent patent of the invention (application No. 201810390637.4) and the specification of the invention and the attached figure 1 of the specification that, besides the core technologies of the formula and the manufacturing process of the ignition paste, the cake (8) and the ignition coal (10), the technology is equally important for realizing that solid fuel can be smoothly ignited in a zero smoke state in a small stove and stove in a severe cold weather, and a high temperature area is formed in a large combustion chamber (7) and the ignition coal (10) section as soon as possible, and the matched clean combustion state with zero smoke, long flame, full, high sulfur fixation and high heating efficiency, and the material selection and manufacturing technology of the furnace cores (2, 17) and the fire gathering plate (6) with excellent heat preservation performance and fire resistance are always kept.

In the honeycomb fuel pile determined by the parent patent of the invention, in order to maintain the requirement of long-time combustion, the lower coal (9) is often piled up by 2-3, which brings about the problem that the air vents between the upper coal block and the lower coal block are difficult to align, especially the widely used honeycomb coal (10 cm in diameter) (commonly called as coal balls in the north) has larger difficulty and is easy to cause serious accidents of smoke combustion on the surface of local or even most of the coal pile, therefore, the problem of small and large appearance caused by lack of convenience in the use process needs technical measures to be responded.

The existing smokeless coal balls with the diameter of 100 mm are ignited and combusted, the total area of the air vents is generally about 1356 square mm, the coal balls with the same diameter, especially ignition coal (10), with the volatile matter reaching more than 40 percent of the series of the invention are combusted, black smoke is easily emitted, obviously, the smoke is caused by insufficient ventilation, and technical measures are necessary to deal with the problem.

Third, the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: a, seeking excellent heat preservation-fire resistance; meanwhile, the paint can be continuously used for a long time under the high temperature condition of about 1000 ℃; the modular mass production can be realized, the furnace cores (2, 17) with different shapes and sizes and the fire gathering plate (6) which are required by the transformation of various medium and small-sized stoves and ranges and have excellent performance and low cost can be conveniently, quickly and on-site manufactured and combined in a building block mode, and the ignition in a zero smoke state can be successfully realized under the adverse conditions of severe cold weather, minimum diameter coal pile and the like, so that the reliability of full-process long flame, full and zero smoke combustion can be successfully completed.

And b, seeking a simple and quick alignment mode of the coal pile vent holes to meet the requirement that the ignition coal (10) with the volatile matter of more than 40 percent obtains enough air quantity to smoothly realize ignition and long flame, full and whole-process zero-smoke combustion in a zero-smoke state.

c, properly enlarging the total cross-sectional area of the vent holes, and reasonably distributing the vent holes by combining with multiple oxygen supply to meet the requirement of sufficient combustion.

2, the invention solves the three technical problems of paragraph [ 0006 ], [ 0007 ] and [ 0008 ]:

①, the heat preservation and fire-proof furnace core (2, 17) is made by combining the selected high-whiteness alumina silicate fiber module (2) and the combined foam glass or foam ceramic or calcium silicate module (17), the inner circle surface of the high-whiteness alumina silicate fiber module (2) is coated with a thin layer of alkaline light and heat reflection layer which is prepared by mixing magnesium oxide and sodium silicate liquid above 2.8 models, the fire gathering plate (6) is made by modularizing only the high-whiteness alumina silicate fiber in the factory, and preferably, the inner surface is also coated with a thin layer of light and heat reflection layer which is prepared by mixing magnesium oxide and sodium silicate liquid above 2.8 models.

The inner circular surface of the furnace core (2) and the inner surface of the fire gathering plate (6) should be alkaline in order to prevent them from being bonded once they contact the high-temperature strongly alkaline slag.

The good technical characteristics of the selected heat-preservation and fire-resistance materials, in particular to the high-whiteness alumina silicate fiber module are as follows: a, the heat conductivity coefficient is as low as 0.035W/m.k, the volume weight is as low as 0.1, and the material can be continuously used for a long time at the temperature of about 1000 ℃; b, the selling price is low; c, not only the furnace cores (2, 17) and the fire gathering plates (6) can be produced in a modularized and large-scale manner in a furnace core manufacturer, but also the furnace cores can be randomly cut into required shapes and sizes in the furnace hearth modification site of various small and medium-sized furnaces and stove ranges, and the combination is carried out in a building block manner, so that the method is simple, convenient and quick.

According to the requirement of the stove shown in the attached figure 1 of the specification, the section A of the novel stove core (2, 17) used by the invention is made of the materials described in the sections (0008) to (0010) of the specification of the invention, and the wall thickness is preferably 20+20 mm; the section B can be made of common refractory materials or the same materials as the section A.

As for the heat insulating materials (3) which need to be filled outside the furnace cores (2, 17), expanded perlite (namely hollow vitrified micro-beads) can be selected for the low-grade furnaces, and fly ash floating beads of a thermal power plant or hollow glass micro-beads produced in a specialized way (partial waste glass raw materials can be used) can be preferably selected for the medium-grade furnaces. The particle size of the micro beads is reasonably distributed to generate the maximum heat preservation effect.

②, see the attached figure 2 of the present specification, the top inner ring ventilation holes (13) of the lower coal (9) are pressed into concave shape, thus, when stacking the upper lower coal (9) or ignition coal (10), only by visual observation, the outer circular surfaces of the upper and lower two briquettes are aligned, and then visual observation or a small stick is aligned with any outer ring ventilation hole (12), or only aligned with two radial outer ring ventilation holes (12), all ventilation holes are not blocked, and the hole alignment becomes simple, fast and reliable.

③, see the attached figure 2 of the specification, the total area of the vent holes of the coal (9), the ignition coal (10) and the ignition cake (8) with the diameter of 100 mm is enlarged to about 1768 square mm and about 30 percent, and the layout of mainly enlarging the area of 4 vent holes in the inner ring is adopted, so as to make up the defects of secondary air intake and oxygenation from the outer ring alone and insufficient oxygen supply in the main torch, and improve the reliability of full and zero smoke combustion in the whole process.

3, after the technical measures of the sections [ 0010 ] to [ 0016 ] are adopted, the beneficial technical effects are as follows: further increases the reliability of the small simple stove which is widely used at the present stage in the zero smoke state in the severe cold weather, smoothly ignites, quickly forms a large combustion chamber (7) and a high temperature area of a pyrophoric coal (10) section, and further realizes the long flame combustion in most of the processes, full process, high sulfur fixation, high heat efficiency and zero smoke combustion; the modular mass production of standard furnace cores (2, 17) and fire gathering plates (6) can be realized, the building-block type combined furnace cores (2, 17) and fire gathering plates (6) with any shape and size can be manufactured on site, and various small and medium-sized stoves can be modified simply, conveniently and quickly at low cost.

Fourthly, the attached drawings of the specification

Fifth, detailed description of the invention

1, after the bottom of a hearth is made, putting a furnace core B section on the furnace core B section, combining a whole round or two semicircular sections A section inner circles 2 of the furnace core coated with an alkaline photothermal reflecting material thin layer and a furnace core outer circle 17 of which the inner surface is coated with an adhesive and liquid sodium silicate of more than 2.8 models, putting the combined furnace core B section on the furnace core, putting a secondary air inlet pipe (4) made of a sheet iron, and finally filling an outer heat-insulating layer (3) of the furnace core, thus forming a matched furnace for manufacturing the novel furnace core. The ash collecting hopper arranged on the air inlet pipeline at the bottom of the furnace is common and is not shown in the attached drawings.

2, manufacturing a fire gathering plate (6) according to the instruction attached figure 3.

3, placing a grate (15), sequentially clamping two lower-placed coals (9) and one ignition coal (10), and aligning the ventilation holes according to the method described in the paragraph [ 0015 ] of the specification.

4, placing an ignition cake (8) and a straw charcoal grille (11) on the ignition coal (10), easily aligning the ventilation holes by visual observation, and adjusting the main air inlet (5) to about 1/6, 1/5 or 1/4 ventilation area by an ash collecting hopper.

5, lighting a section of small paper strip with the length of the cigarette, transversely throwing the small paper strip to the surface of the lighting cake (8) which is not covered by the straw charcoal grid (11), quickly lighting up in a smokeless and mist state, immediately covering the fire gathering plate (6), and quickly forming a big torch flame.

6, about 2-5 minutes, when the ignition cake (8) is about to burn out or is burnt out, the flame length is sometimes shortened, which indicates the critical moment when the zero smoke state ignition fails; therefore, when the straw charcoal grids (11) are ignited, the straw charcoal grids play a role in preserving heat and continuously igniting the surface layer of the ignition coal (10), the long flame combustion state can be recovered quickly, and the successful ignition is a probable event; if the flame is observed to be shortened more or disappear due to reasons, the air intake is reduced immediately, and the flame can recover to the length and enter a normal combustion state later. After the operation is carried out for a plurality of times and the operation is familiar, the ignition can be achieved without worrying about flameout, and the air inlet quantity is increased after a few minutes until the firepower is suitable for the requirement.

After about 7 and 10 minutes, (it can be observed) once the surface layer of the ignition coal (10) starts to be red-hot, the large combustion chamber (7) also starts to be red-hot, and a high-temperature area at the upper part of the coal pile is formed, which indicates that the coal pile formally enters a continuous good combustion state.

8, after the coal pile is burnt out, namely the red heat state disappears, the slag is slightly stirred to fall into an ash collecting hopper, the slag is firstly poured into an outdoor place where the room cannot be drenched, the slag is naturally absorbed with oxygen and carbon dioxide for several days or more, a small amount of sulfur is solidified into calcium sulfide and potassium sulfide, the sulfur is oxidized into calcium sulfate dihydrate, namely dihydrate gypsum and potassium sulfate, the alkalinity of the slag is greatly reduced, and then the slag is mixed with retted organic fertilizer (other fertilizer components such as potassium humate and the like are additionally added when needed) to manufacture the micro-alkaline compound fertilizer, so that the micro-alkaline compound fertilizer is suitable for improving the granular structure and increasing the fertility of the acidic clay.

9, the simple small stove can use the clean molded coal by intermittent repeated ignition according to the 1-8 steps; the formula of the auxiliary materials of the briquette ensures that halogen, sulfur, nitrogen, arsenic, heavy metal elements and toxic and harmful substances are not added; static, long flame without blast, full and zero smoke combustion effect, so that the cleanness degree of tail gas is close to natural gas, and the tail gas can be directly discharged.

The simple and cheap auxiliary substances which are arranged in the chimney and used for trapping micro dust, nitrogen oxide, sulfur oxide and trace volatile organic matters further improve the cleanness of the tail gas and approach to natural gas, wherein the nitrogen oxide is even lower than the natural gas. Please be directed to later subsequent applications by the applicant.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying fig. 1 to 3 of the specification, but is not limited thereto. The medium and small-sized stove has eight doors, the molded coal has no matter of cylindrical shape or square column shape, no matter of size, and no matter of selection and proportion of the external dimension, and most of various combustible solid and semisolid materials can use the novel heat-preservation-fireproof material and the concave coal top design of the invention, and the parent patent and other technical contents of the invention are used together to improve the reliability of clean combustion of the fuel pile from the upper ignition moment, the realization of long flame combustion in most of processes, the realization of full process, high sulfur fixation, high heating efficiency and zero smoke state; although the large and medium industrial and commercial stove or range which contains halogen, more sulfur and nitrogen and has the use temperature in the furnace chamber of more than 1000 ℃ and the nitrogen in the air is oxidized into nitrogen oxide in large quantity, the large and medium industrial and commercial stove or range can not directly exhaust the tail gas like a household small stove or range, a tail gas purification device is required to be arranged, and the shapes, the structures and the sizes of the stove cores (2, 17) and the fire collecting plate (6) can be freely manufactured and combined by the method according to the requirements, thereby belonging to the technical scope of the invention. Please note that another subsequent series of patent applications of the applicant, which combines the present invention technology with straw power plant and garbage power plant to form a three-party technology, except using plant fuel such as straw and the like and combustible domestic garbage in a large proportion, the present invention is further combined with various waste plastics, waste rubber tires, oil shale, water-containing lignite, peat, coke surface, waste coal coke petroleum coke asphalt, engine oil and bituminous coal, so as to overcome the problems of too low heat value of straw, the existing scattered combustion and the insufficient combustion mode of straw power plant and garbage power plant, and the heavy load of tail gas treatment, and realize long flame, sufficient, high heating efficiency and zero smoke combustion in the whole process.