阅读说明：本技术 一种晶体材料破碎洁净预处理装置及洁净预处理方法 (Crystal material crushing and cleaning pretreatment device and cleaning pretreatment method ) 是由 杜茂松 于 2020-03-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种晶体材料破碎洁净预处理装置及洁净预处理方法,属于晶体材料破碎领域,用于材料在高洁净条件下的加热及水冷处理,包括气氛置换部分、加热部分和冷爆部分；气氛置换部设置在加热部材料的入口端；加热部包括入口端和出口端；气氛置换部设置于加热部入口端,用于将材料表面吸附的空气及进料时由通道进入的空气抽吸排除并置换为惰性气体。隔绝加热部与大气的连通,防止空气进入加热部。并调节加热部的气氛；冷爆部设置在加热部的出口端,加热后的晶体材料在可控气氛下的水冷。该装置以将高温区域内的气氛调整为少、无氧状态。使晶体材料在高温态下均与空气隔离并置于可控气氛保护之下,以实现连续加热工艺、大规模工业化生产。(The invention provides a clean pretreatment device and a clean pretreatment method for crystal material crushing, which belong to the field of crystal material crushing and are used for heating and water-cooling treatment of materials under a high-cleanness condition, wherein the device comprises an atmosphere replacement part, a heating part and a cold explosion part; the atmosphere replacement part is arranged at the inlet end of the heating part material; the heating part comprises an inlet end and an outlet end; the atmosphere replacement part is arranged at the inlet end of the heating part and used for sucking and removing air adsorbed on the surface of the material and air entering from the channel during feeding and replacing the air with inert gas. The heating part is isolated from the communication with the atmosphere, and air is prevented from entering the heating part. And adjusting the atmosphere of the heating part; the cold explosion part is arranged at the outlet end of the heating part, and the heated crystal material is cooled by water under a controllable atmosphere. The device is used for adjusting the atmosphere in a high-temperature area to be in a less oxygen-free state. The crystal material is isolated from the air at high temperature and is placed under the protection of controllable atmosphere, so as to realize continuous heating process and large-scale industrial production.)

1. A crystal material crushing and cleaning pretreatment device is used for crushing pretreatment of materials and is characterized by comprising an atmosphere replacement part, a heating part and a cold explosion part;

the atmosphere replacement part is provided with a feed inlet for material to enter;

the heating part comprises an inlet end and an outlet end;

the atmosphere replacement part is arranged at the inlet end of the heating part and is used for sucking and removing air adsorbed on the surface of the material and air entering from the channel during feeding and replacing the air with inert gas;

the cold explosion part is arranged at the outlet end of the heating part and used for water cooling of the heated crystal material.

2. The crystal material crushing, cleaning and pretreating device according to claim 1, wherein the atmosphere replacing part comprises an isolatable replacing chamber and a front chamber;

the feed inlet is arranged in front of the replacement chamber, one end of the front chamber is communicated with the replacement chamber, and the other end of the front chamber is communicated with the heating part;

the feeding door can be opened and closed and is arranged at the feeding port;

the replacement chamber is used for connecting the vacuum system and the replacement gas supply pipeline.

3. The clean pretreatment device for crushing crystalline materials according to claim 2, wherein the front chamber is arranged above the replacement chamber, and a lifting material table is arranged at the bottom of the replacement chamber, and has a low position state at the same height as the feeding gate and a high position state at the same height as the heating part.

4. The crystal material crushing, cleaning and pretreating device according to claim 3, wherein a furnace feeding mechanism for pushing the material into the heating part is further arranged in the front chamber;

the furnace feeding mechanism is provided with a material pushing station facing the lifting material platform in the high position state.

5. The clean pretreatment device for crushing crystalline materials according to claim 1, wherein the heating part comprises a stepping assembly for horizontally conveying the materials;

the stepping assembly comprises a stepping frame, a stepping lifting mechanism and a horizontal displacement mechanism;

the stepping lifting mechanism is arranged at the lower part of the stepping frame;

the horizontal displacement mechanism is connected with the stepping frame and is used for driving the stepping frame to move in a reciprocating manner in the heating part in each stepping cycle.

6. The crystal material crushing, cleaning and pretreating device according to claim 5, wherein a first horizontal sliding part is arranged on one surface of the stepping frame close to the stepping lifting mechanism, and a second horizontal sliding part matched with the first horizontal sliding part is arranged on the stepping lifting mechanism;

the first horizontal sliding piece is matched with the second horizontal sliding piece to guide the stepping frame to perform reciprocating displacement along a connecting line of the inlet end and the outlet end.

7. The clean pretreatment device for crushing crystalline materials according to claim 5, wherein the horizontal displacement mechanism comprises a horizontal telescopic piece and a hinged rod;

the horizontal extensible member has the end that can the level is flexible, the end with the articulated setting of one end of articulated arm, the other end of articulated arm with one side of step-by-step frame is articulated.

8. The crystal material crushing, cleaning and pretreating device according to claim 5, wherein the heating part comprises a heating furnace body, the stepping assembly is arranged inside the heating furnace body, a working opening for the stepping frame to enter is further arranged below the heating furnace body,

and a water seal mechanism is arranged at the working port.

9. The clean pretreatment device for crushing the crystal material according to claim 8, wherein the heating furnace body is provided with an inner lining made of a non-metal material; the stepping frame comprises a stepping beam extending into the heating furnace body, and a liner made of a non-metal material is arranged above the stepping beam.

10. The crystal material crushing, cleaning and pretreating device according to claim 1, wherein the cold blasting portion comprises a dumping mechanism and a cold blasting liquid tank;

the dumping mechanism comprises a pushing head and a rotatable dumping platform;

the outlet end of the heating part is provided with a discharge hole;

the dumping mechanism is arranged at one end of the discharge hole, which is far away from the heating part; the pushing head is arranged towards the dumping table;

the cold explosion liquid tank is arranged below the pouring table.

11. The crystal material crushing, cleaning and pretreating device according to claim 10, wherein the pushing head is fixedly connected with a rear bin gate, and the rear bin gate is used for shielding and sealing the discharge port.

12. The crystal material crushing, cleaning and pretreating device according to claim 10, wherein a lifter is further arranged in the cold explosion liquid tank, one end of the lifter extends into the bottom of the cold explosion liquid tank, and the other end of the lifter extends out of the cold explosion liquid tank.

13. The clean pretreatment device for crushing the crystal material according to claim 1, further comprising a tray for carrying the material;

a material tray recovery assembly for material tray circulation is further arranged between the cold explosion part and the feeding hole of the atmosphere replacement part, and the material tray recovery assembly comprises a material tray returning device and a material tray water sealing device for discharging and sealing the material tray;

the material tray returning device conveys the material tray from the cold explosion part to the feeding hole of the atmosphere replacement part;

the charging tray water sealing device is arranged at one end of the charging tray returning device, which is close to the atmosphere replacement part.

14. The crystal material crushing, cleaning and pretreating device according to claim 13, wherein the tray water-sealing device comprises a water tank and a lifting conveyor belt,

the water tank body is arranged at one end of the material tray returning device, which is far away from the cold explosion part;

the feeding port is provided with a turnover table, one end of the lifting conveyor belt is arranged at the bottom of the water tank body, and the other end of the lifting conveyor belt is arranged on the turnover table.

15. The clean pretreatment device for crushing the crystal material according to claim 13, wherein the tray has a stop side surface and an inclined bottom surface;

an acute material positioning angle is formed between the stop side surface and the inclined bottom surface.

16. A clean pretreatment method for crystalline material, characterized in that a clean pretreatment apparatus for crushing crystalline material according to any one of claims 2 to 4 is used, comprising the steps of:

feeding material from the feed inlet into the displacement chamber, closing the feed inlet;

isolating the replacement chamber and the front chamber;

vacuumizing the replacement bin to a preset vacuum degree through the vacuum system;

introducing replacement gas into the replacement chamber through the replacement gas supply pipeline until the gas pressure of the replacement chamber is balanced with that of the front chamber;

communicating the replacement chamber with the front chamber and delivering material from the replacement chamber to the front chamber;

pushing the material from the front chamber into the heating part for heating;

the material is pushed out from the heating section and crushed in the cold explosion section.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of crystal material cold explosion crushing pretreatment, in particular to a crystal material crushing clean pretreatment device and a crystal material clean pretreatment method.

Background

In the photovoltaic and electronic industries, a large amount of silicon crystal materials are used. Such as monocrystalline silicon or polycrystalline silicon, are mostly massive blocks or cylindrical bodies with large volumes due to the production process. The large-size crystal material needs to be crushed into blocks with certain volume in the subsequent processing, and the finished product can be further processed after sorting. Monocrystalline silicon or polycrystalline silicon of photovoltaic production enterprises are mainly processed by adopting a traditional hammering mode in lump material crushing. In the process of using metal hammering crushing equipment and hammering, hammer body materials are easily mixed into silicon materials, so that the silicon materials are polluted. Meanwhile, the randomness of the action points on the silicon material is larger during hammering, so that the particle size distribution of the crushed silicon material is large, more fine materials are available, and the loss is large. In recent years, a 'cold explosion cracking' method is provided, wherein a silicon material is heated in a natural atmosphere furnace and then is put into water for quenching, namely, the material generates stress through rapid heating and then rapid water cooling, a large number of spontaneous cracks are formed in the silicon material, and a small external force is applied to achieve the purpose of natural cracking. However, in the high-temperature heating process, elemental ions released by a hearth, a carrier and a moving machine in the furnace at high temperature pollute the silicon material, and meanwhile, a series of problems such as high-temperature oxidation and continuous production operation of the silicon material troubles the water explosion treatment mode, so that the cold explosion fragmentation mode cannot realize industrialization.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a crystal material crushing and cleaning pretreatment device and a crystal material cleaning pretreatment method, and aims to solve the problems of the crystal material crushing device and the crystal material cleaning pretreatment method in the prior art.

The invention is realized by the following steps:

a crystal material crushing and cleaning pretreatment device is used for crystal material heating, quenching and crushing pretreatment and comprises an atmosphere replacement part, a heating part and a cold explosion part;

the atmosphere replacement part is provided with a feed inlet for material to enter;

the heating part comprises an inlet end and an outlet end; the atmosphere replacement part is arranged at the inlet end of the heating part and used for sucking and removing air adsorbed on the surface of the material and air entering from the channel during feeding and replacing the air with inert gas. The heating part is isolated from the communication with the atmosphere, and air is prevented from entering the heating part.

In one embodiment of the invention, the atmosphere replacement section comprises an isolatable replacement chamber and a front chamber;

the feed inlet is arranged on the front side surface of the replacement chamber, one port of the front chamber is communicated with the replacement chamber, and the other port of the front chamber is communicated with the heating part;

the feeding door can be opened and closed and is arranged at the feeding port;

the replacement chamber is connected with the vacuum system and the replacement gas supply pipeline.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the front chamber is disposed above the replacement chamber, and a lifting material table is disposed at the bottom of the replacement chamber, and the lifting material table has a low position state at the same height as the feeding gate and a high position state at the same height as the heating part.

In one embodiment of the invention, a furnace feeding mechanism for pushing the material into the heating part is further arranged in the front chamber;

the furnace feeding mechanism pushes materials towards the lifting material platform in the high position state.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the heating part includes a stepping assembly for horizontally conveying the material;

the stepping assembly comprises a stepping frame, a stepping lifting mechanism and a horizontal displacement mechanism;

the stepping lifting mechanism is arranged at the lower part of the stepping frame;

the horizontal displacement mechanism is connected with the stepping frame and drives the stepping frame to reciprocate in the heating part in each stepping cycle.

In an embodiment of the present invention, a first horizontal sliding part is disposed on one surface of the stepping frame close to the stepping lifting mechanism, and a second horizontal sliding part engaged with the first horizontal sliding part is disposed on the stepping lifting mechanism;

the first horizontal sliding piece is matched with the second horizontal sliding piece to guide the stepping frame to perform reciprocating displacement along a connecting line of the inlet end and the outlet end.

In one embodiment of the invention, the horizontal displacement mechanism comprises a horizontal telescopic member and a hinged rod;

the horizontal extensible member has the end that can the level is flexible, the end with the articulated setting of one end of articulated arm, the other end of articulated arm with one side of step-by-step frame is articulated.

In one embodiment of the invention, the cold explosion part comprises a dumping mechanism and a cold explosion liquid tank;

the dumping mechanism comprises a pushing head and a rotatable dumping platform;

the outlet end of the heating part is provided with a discharge hole;

the dumping mechanism is arranged at one end of the discharge port, which is far away from the heating part, and the pushing head and the dumping platform are respectively arranged at two sides of the discharge port; the pushing head is arranged towards the dumping table;

the cold explosion liquid tank is arranged below the pouring table.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the pushing head is fixedly connected to a rear door, and the rear door is used for shielding and sealing the discharge hole.

In an embodiment of the invention, the heating part includes a heating furnace body, the stepping assembly is arranged inside the heating furnace body, a working opening for the stepping frame to enter is further arranged below the heating furnace body, and a water sealing mechanism is arranged at the working opening.

In an embodiment of the invention, a lifting machine is further arranged in the cold explosion liquid tank, one end of the lifting machine extends into the bottom of the cold explosion liquid tank, and the other end of the lifting machine extends out of the cold explosion liquid tank.

In one embodiment of the invention, the device further comprises a tray for carrying materials;

for surface structured materials, the tray can be eliminated.

A material tray recovery assembly for material tray circulation is further arranged between the cold explosion part and the feeding hole of the atmosphere replacement part, and the material tray recovery assembly comprises a material tray returning device and a material tray water sealing device for sealing the material tray outlet;

the material tray returning device conveys the material tray from the cold explosion part to the feeding hole of the atmosphere replacement part;

the charging tray water sealing device is arranged on one side of the charging tray returning device, which is close to the atmosphere replacement part.

In one embodiment of the invention, the tray water sealing device comprises a water tank body and a lifting conveyor belt,

the water tank body is arranged at one end of the material tray returning device, which is far away from the cold explosion part;

the feeding port is provided with a turnover table, one end of the lifting conveyor belt is arranged at the bottom of the water tank body, and the other end of the lifting conveyor belt is arranged on the turnover table.

In one embodiment of the invention, the tray is provided with a stop side surface and an inclined bottom surface;

an acute material positioning angle is formed between the stop side surface and the inclined bottom surface.

A crystal material clean pretreatment method is characterized in that the crystal material crushing clean pretreatment device comprises the following steps:

when the lifting material platform is in a low position state, the material is conveyed into the replacement bin from the feed inlet, and the feed inlet is closed;

isolating the replacement chamber and the front chamber;

vacuumizing the replacement bin to a preset vacuum degree through the vacuum system;

introducing replacement gas into the replacement chamber through the replacement gas pipeline until the gas pressure of the replacement chamber is balanced with that of the front chamber;

the lifting material platform enters a high-position state, the replacement bin and the front bin are communicated, and materials are conveyed into the front bin from the replacement bin;

pushing the material from the front chamber into the heating part for heating;

and the material is pushed out from the heating part and is water-cooled in the cold explosion part. .

And discharging the materials from the cold explosion liquid tank by a lifter to enter a crushing process.

And the material tray returns from the cold explosion part to enter the next working cycle.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the crystal material cold explosion crushing clean pretreatment device and the crystal material clean pretreatment method, air entering in the feeding process is extracted through the atmosphere replacement part and replaced by inert gas, so that the crystal material is isolated from the air at a high temperature and is placed under a controllable atmosphere, and oxidation is avoided. And the continuous heating process can be realized through the stepping assembly arranged in the heating furnace body, and large-scale industrial production can be carried out. The stepping mode ensures that no metal transmission component is arranged in the high-temperature area of the system, avoids the pollution of metal ions released by the metal component at high temperature in the traditional conveying mode on the heating crystal material, and realizes the clean heating of PPM-level crystal material by configuring high-purity non-metal furnace lining material. The cold explosion part is butted with the heating furnace mouth, and the cold explosion liquid tank has water sealing function, so that the air tightness is ensured, the heated crystal material is not contacted with air before entering water, and the non-oxidation quick water cooling is realized. The material tray automatically returns to enter the next working period, the automation degree of the whole process is high, and the material tray can automatically and circularly run. And the crystal material after the pretreatment in the cold explosion liquid tank is directly lifted to the next station by the lifter for crushing, thereby realizing the clean crushing pretreatment of the crystal material. For the material with regular surface, the device does not need to use a material tray, and the crystal material is directly fed from the feed inlet, so that the heating and quenching pretreatment is realized.

The high-value high-quality material (with the grain diameter of 6-50mm) obtained from the silicon crystal material after the pretreatment and the crushing accounts for more than 97 percent, the secondary raw material with the grain diameter less than or equal to 3mm accounts for only 1 percent, the proportion of the high-quality material is improved by more than 10 percent compared with the traditional direct hammering mode, and the method has very obvious economic benefit. And the total metal intake on the surface of the processed silicon crystal material is less than or equal to 5PPbw, the impurity requirements of GB/T12963-2014 electronic grade polysilicon on 8 metals (Fe, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Al, K and Na) are completely met, and the method is lower than the traditional direct hammering mode.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of a first view angle of a crystal material crushing and cleaning pretreatment device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second view angle of a crystal material crushing and cleaning pretreatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a tray provided by an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an embodiment of the invention providing a third perspective of a heated portion;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a third view of a cold blast portion according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a third view angle of the tray recovery assembly according to the embodiment of the invention.

Icon: 010-atmosphere replacement section; 030-a heating portion; 050-cold explosion part; 070-material tray; 071-stop side; 073-inclined bottom surface; 100-a displacement chamber; 200-a front chamber; 031-inlet end; 033-outlet end; 110-a vacuum system; 130-replacement gas supply pipe; 150-lifting the material platform; 170-a feeding mechanism; 210-a furnace feeding mechanism; 310-heating furnace body; 330-inner lining; 350-an electric heating element; 400-a stepping assembly; 410-a stepping frame; 430-step lifting mechanism; 450-horizontal displacement mechanism; 370-water seal mechanism; 371-water seal circulating pipe; 411-a first horizontal slide; 431-a second horizontal slide; 451-horizontal telescoping piece; 453-a hinged lever; 413-frame body; 415-a walking beam; 417-a pad; 500-a dumping mechanism; 600-cold explosion liquid tank; 510-a push head; 530-a dumping table; 810-rear door; 610-a steam processor; 630-circulating water pipe; 650-hoisting machine; 730-tray water seal tank; 711-tray return push rod; 713-return channel; 731-water trough body; 733 — lifting the conveyor; 7311-a circulating feed line; 800-rear chamber; 900-turnover table; 035-correction mechanism.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms indicating an orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature may be present on or under the second feature in direct contact with the first and second feature, or may be present in the first and second feature not in direct contact but in contact with another feature between them. Also, the first feature being above, on or above the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature that underlies, and underlies a second feature includes a first feature that is directly under and obliquely under a second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lesser level than the second feature.