阅读说明：本技术 一种电动车内温控调节系统 (Temperature control governing system in electric motor car ) 是由 刘志坤 于 2020-05-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明技术方案公开了一种电动车内温控调节系统,调节系统中包括室外换热器、室内换热器、热电装置TED和出风风门；流体回路,其被配置为使制冷剂在室外换热器和室内换热器之间循环；以及控制系统,操作调节系统使制冷剂在流体回路中循环以及调节应用于热电装置TED的电能的极性从而在加热模式和冷却模式之间选择而实现各种模式的功能。通过在电动车内温控调节系统中在空调箱以及空调箱内的室内换热器的不同位置处设置热电装置TED的冷端和热端,在系统运行过程中显著提升了热泵型空调系统的制热和制冷功能；且通过热电装置TED与出风风门之间的配合使冷风或热风通过出风风门排出或不排出空调箱外而实现低负荷制热、低负荷制冷(除湿)、制热除湿功能。(The technical scheme of the invention discloses a temperature control regulating system in an electric vehicle, which comprises an outdoor heat exchanger, an indoor heat exchanger, a thermoelectric device TED and an air outlet door; a fluid circuit configured to circulate refrigerant between the outdoor heat exchanger and the indoor heat exchanger; and a control system operating the conditioning system to circulate refrigerant in the fluid circuit and to adjust the polarity of the electrical energy applied to the thermoelectric device TED to select between a heating mode and a cooling mode to achieve the functions of the various modes. The cold end and the hot end of the thermoelectric device TED are arranged at different positions of the air conditioning box and the indoor heat exchanger in the air conditioning box in the temperature control and regulation system in the electric vehicle, so that the heating and refrigerating functions of the heat pump type air conditioning system are obviously improved in the system operation process; and cold air or hot air is discharged or not discharged from the air conditioning box through the air outlet door through the matching between the thermoelectric device TED and the air outlet door, so that the functions of low-load heating, low-load refrigeration (dehumidification) and heating dehumidification are realized.)

1. The utility model provides a temperature control governing system in electric motor car which characterized in that, the governing system includes:

an outdoor heat exchanger provided with a wind power driving device;

an indoor heat exchanger provided with a wind power driving device;

a thermoelectric device (TED) disposed in the air conditioning cabinet;

the air outlet door is arranged on the air conditioning box and close to the thermoelectric device TED;

a fluid circuit configured to circulate refrigerant between the outdoor heat exchanger and the indoor heat exchanger; and

a control system configured to operate the conditioning system to circulate the refrigerant in the fluid circuit and to adjust the polarity of the electrical energy applied to the thermoelectric device TED to select between a heating mode and a cooling mode to achieve the functions of heating, cooling, low load heating, low load cooling, dehumidification, refrigeration boost, and/or heating boost when performing heating, cooling, low load heating, low load cooling, dehumidification, refrigeration boost, and/or heating boost.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the air conditioning compartment is configured to eliminate an outlet damper disposed at the TED, and the control system operates the conditioning system to circulate the refrigerant in the fluid circuit and to adjust the polarity of the electrical energy applied to the TED to select between the heating mode and the cooling mode to achieve the heating, cooling, low load heating, low load cooling, dehumidification, cooling boost, and/or heating boost functions.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the cold and hot sides of the TED are located in front and behind the indoor heat exchanger, respectively.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the cold and hot sides of the TED are disposed in front of or behind the indoor heat exchanger or outside the air conditioning box.

5. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hot side of the TED is disposed at a defrost door of the air conditioning box.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of electric vehicles, in particular to a temperature control and adjustment system in an electric vehicle.

Background

New energy automobiles are taken as the strategic direction of the development of the automobile industry in all countries in the world. The cost, the capacity and the weight of the battery as a core component restrict the development of new energy automobiles.

Compared with the traditional fuel vehicle air conditioning system, the automobile air conditioning system of the electric automobile/new energy automobile mainly has the following differences in the loading conditions of the whole automobile:

firstly, because the engine is not provided, the air conditioner compressor is not driven by the engine, and only the electric compressor can be adopted, and the electric compressor is completely driven by electric energy.

And secondly, because an engine is not provided, the waste heat of the engine is not available during heating, the electric energy is completely relied on, or an electric heating mode (large power consumption and low efficiency) is adopted, or a heat pump type air conditioning system is adopted for heating.

The current automobile air conditioning system of the electric automobile/new energy automobile has three defects:

1. the automobile air conditioner is started to greatly influence the driving mileage of the automobile, particularly in low-temperature and low-cold areas.

2. In a non-efficient system, especially in a low temperature environment, the contradiction is more prominent, namely the system has no heat pump function or the heat pump function can not work or has insufficient heating capacity at a low temperature (minus 10 ℃ or lower), thereby affecting the comfort of the whole vehicle and affecting the use range of the whole vehicle (a non-all-weather system).

3. If the new energy automobile continues to use the air-conditioning box structural design of the traditional fuel vehicle, the design of the installation structure is more complicated and the installation cost is higher because of the existence of the structure of the temperature air door, meanwhile, the development period is longer, and the overall development cost is higher.

In addition to the three major drawbacks mentioned above, the following problems need to be solved or improved:

a non-heat pump type system, namely an electric heating system, has large power consumption and low efficiency; the heat pump type air conditioning system has the advantages of complex structure, complex control, long development period, high system cost and incomplete or unreasonable system function.

For the electric heating system, if the air heating type electric heating is adopted, high voltage electricity enters the passenger compartment; if the water heating type electric heating is adopted, an independent waterway system is needed besides the heater, the structure is complex, the control is complex, and the cost is higher.

In the case of low load (low load cooling, low load heating, low load dehumidification, etc.), there are cases where two high-pressure loads (electric compressor, electric heater) operate simultaneously, power consumption is large, and control is complicated. For adopting the heat pump air conditioning system, the problem of difficult realization also exists at the low load, for example, the defogging function is not good.

Therefore, the invention provides a temperature control and regulation system in an electric vehicle, an air conditioning box can be used for eliminating a temperature air door, particularly natural carbon dioxide is used as a refrigerant, all the problems are solved, and the system is a true simple, high-efficiency, environment-friendly, all-weather, full-functional and low-cost heat pump type air conditioning system.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention solves the technical problems that the automobile air-conditioning system of the electric automobile/new energy automobile in the prior art can not work or has insufficient heating capacity in a low-temperature environment, the heat pump type air-conditioning system has complex structure, complex control, long development period, high system cost and poor defogging function under low load.

In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme of the invention provides an electric vehicle internal temperature control adjusting system, wherein the adjusting system comprises:

an outdoor heat exchanger provided with a wind power driving device;

an indoor heat exchanger provided with a wind power driving device;

a thermoelectric device (TED) disposed in the air conditioning cabinet;

the air outlet door is arranged on the air conditioning box and close to the thermoelectric device TED;

a fluid circuit configured to circulate refrigerant between the outdoor heat exchanger and the indoor heat exchanger; and

a control system configured to operate the conditioning system to circulate the refrigerant in the fluid circuit and to adjust the polarity of the electrical energy applied to the thermoelectric device TED to select between a heating mode and a cooling mode to achieve the functions of heating, cooling, low load heating, low load cooling, dehumidification, refrigeration boost, and/or heating boost when performing heating, cooling, low load heating, low load cooling, dehumidification, refrigeration boost, and/or heating boost.

Optionally, the air conditioning cabinet is provided with an air outlet damper arranged at the thermoelectric device TED, and the control system operates the regulating system to circulate the refrigerant in the fluid circuit and regulate the polarity of the electric energy applied to the thermoelectric device TED so as to select between a heating mode and a cooling mode to realize the functions of heating, cooling, low-load heating, low-load cooling, dehumidifying, cooling and/or heating and lifting.

Optionally, the cold end and the hot end of the thermoelectric device TED are respectively located in front of and behind the indoor heat exchanger.

Optionally, the cold end and the hot end of the thermoelectric device TED are disposed in front of or behind the indoor heat exchanger or outside the air-conditioning cabinet.

Optionally, the hot end of the thermoelectric device TED is disposed at a defrost damper of the air conditioning cabinet.

The technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1) according to the invention, the cold end and the hot end of the thermoelectric device TED are arranged at different positions of the air conditioning box and the indoor heat exchanger in the air conditioning box in the temperature control and regulation system in the electric vehicle, so that the heating and refrigerating functions of the heat pump type air conditioning system are obviously improved in the system operation process;

2) the invention realizes the functions of low-load heating, low-load refrigeration (dehumidification) and heating dehumidification by matching the thermoelectric device TED with the air outlet door to ensure that cold air or hot air is discharged out of the air conditioning box through the air outlet door or not.

3) The air-conditioning box can eliminate a temperature air door structure, so that the whole volume of the air-conditioning box is more compact, and the whole cost is lower.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a temperature control adjustment system in an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser level than the second feature.

Referring to fig. 1, a temperature control system in an electric vehicle according to an embodiment is shown, wherein the temperature control system includes:

an outdoor heat exchanger 3 provided with a wind power driving device (first cooling fan 10);

an indoor heat exchanger 2 provided with a wind power driving device (second cooling fan 11);

a thermoelectric Device (TED) 4 provided in the air-conditioning case 1;

an air outlet door 12 arranged on the air conditioning box 1 and close to the thermoelectric device TED 4;

a fluid circuit (in the dotted line region) configured to circulate a refrigerant (in the present embodiment, the specific carbon dioxide is a refrigerant, but in other embodiments, other kinds of refrigerants are possible, such as R134a) between the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the indoor heat exchanger 2; and

a control system configured to operate the conditioning system to circulate refrigerant in the fluid circuit and to adjust the polarity of the electrical energy applied to the thermoelectric device TED4 to select between the heating mode and the cooling mode to achieve the functions of heating, cooling, low load heating, low load cooling, dehumidification, refrigeration boost and/or heating boost when performing heating, cooling, low load heating, low load cooling, dehumidification, refrigeration boost and/or heating boost.

In this embodiment, the air conditioning cabinet 1 is provided without the outlet damper 12 provided at the TED4, and the control system operates the regulating system to circulate the refrigerant in the fluid circuit and to regulate the polarity of the electrical power applied to the TED to select between the heating mode and the cooling mode to perform the heating, cooling, low load heating, low load cooling, dehumidification, cooling boost, and/or heating boost functions.

In this embodiment, the cold and hot sides of the TED4 are located in front and behind the indoor heat exchanger 2, respectively.

In this embodiment, the cold end and the hot end of the TED4 are disposed in front of or behind the indoor heat exchanger 2 or outside the air conditioning cabinet 1.

In this embodiment, the hot side of the thermoelectric device TED4 is disposed at the defrost damper 13 of the air conditioning cabinet 1.

The features and functions of the present invention will be further understood from the following description.

With reference to fig. 1, the fluid loop in this embodiment specifically includes a reversing valve 6, an electric compressor 5, a gas-liquid separator 7, a first throttle 8, and a second throttle 9, which are connected by a pipeline 14, respectively, the outdoor heat exchanger 3, the electric compressor 5, the gas-liquid separator 7, and the indoor heat exchanger 2 are connected to the reversing valve 6, the gas-liquid separator 7 is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger 3, the electric compressor 5, and the indoor heat exchanger 2, respectively, the first throttle 8 is installed between the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the gas-liquid separator 7, and the second throttle 9 is installed between the indoor heat exchanger 2 and the gas-liquid separator 7.

Specifically, the reversing valve 6 is a four-way reversing valve with A, B, C, D four interfaces, the gas-liquid separator 7 has a E, F, G, H interface, one end of the outdoor heat exchanger 3, one end of the electric compressor 5, the F interface of the gas-liquid separator 7 and one end of the indoor heat exchanger 2 are respectively connected to the A, D, C, B interface of the reversing valve 6, the G, E, H interface of the gas-liquid separator 7 is respectively connected to the other end of the outdoor heat exchanger 3, the other end of the electric compressor 5 and the other end of the indoor heat exchanger 2, a first throttle valve 8 is installed between the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the gas-liquid separator 7, and a second throttle valve 9 is installed between the indoor heat exchanger 2 and the gas-liquid.

The heating loop comprises an electric compressor 5, a reversing valve 6, an indoor heat exchanger 2, a second throttling valve 9, a gas-liquid separator 7, a first throttling valve 8, an outdoor heat exchanger 3, a reversing valve 6, a gas-liquid separator 7 and the electric compressor 5; the refrigeration loop comprises an electric compressor 5, a reversing valve 6, an outdoor heat exchanger 3, a first throttling valve 8, a gas-liquid separator 7, a second throttling valve 9, an indoor heat exchanger 2, a reversing valve 6, a gas-liquid separator 7 and the electric compressor 5.

The control method of the temperature control and regulation system in the electric vehicle of the embodiment comprises the following steps:

when a cooling mode is required: the low-temperature low-pressure gaseous refrigerant (such as carbon dioxide) is compressed by the electric compressor 5, then is changed into a high-temperature high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, is discharged, is guided to the outdoor heat exchanger 3 through the reversing valve 6, is cooled therein, and discharges heat to the atmosphere through air (driven by the first cooling fan 10). The cooled refrigerant passes through the first throttle valve 8 (in a fully open state) and enters the gas-liquid separator 7 (an intermediate heat exchanger (not shown) may be integrated in the gas-liquid separator 7 for further cooling to improve the cooling performance of the system). The supercooled liquid refrigerant enters the second throttle valve 9, is throttled to become low-temperature low-pressure liquid, enters the indoor heat exchanger 2, absorbs heat in air (driven by the second cooling fan 11) flowing through the surface of the indoor heat exchanger 2, so that the air in the air-conditioning box 1 is cooled and sent to a passenger compartment (as shown by an arrow in the air-conditioning box 1 in fig. 1, the direction of an outlet of a defrosting damper 13 is the passenger compartment) to achieve the purpose of refrigeration, becomes low-temperature low-pressure gas, enters the gas-liquid separator 7 through the guidance of the reversing valve 6 to be subjected to gas-liquid separation, and the gas flows back to the electric compressor 5, and the cycle is carried out.

When a heating mode is required: a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant (e.g., carbon dioxide) is compressed by the electric compressor 5, then is changed into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, is discharged, is guided to the indoor heat exchanger 2 through the reversing valve 6, is cooled therein, and is heated by air (driven by the second cooling fan 11) flowing across the surface of the indoor heat exchanger 2 to the passenger compartment, thereby achieving the purpose of heating. The cooled refrigerant enters the second throttle valve 9 (in a fully open state) and enters the gas-liquid separator 7 (an intermediate heat exchanger (not shown) may be integrated in the gas-liquid separator 7 for further cooling to improve the heating performance of the system). The supercooled liquid refrigerant enters a first throttle valve 8, is changed into low-temperature low-pressure liquid through throttling, enters an outdoor heat exchanger 3, absorbs heat in air (driven by a first cooling fan 10) flowing through the surface of the outdoor heat exchanger to realize a heat pump function, is changed into low-temperature low-pressure gas, enters a gas-liquid separator 7 through the guide of a reversing valve 6 to carry out gas-liquid separation, and flows back to an electric compressor 5, and the cycle is repeated.

When a low load refrigeration (refrigeration dehumidification) mode is required, there are two options:

1. with the refrigeration mode, motor compressor 5 works under lower rotational speed this moment, and when motor compressor 5 worked at minimum rotational speed, if its minimum refrigerating capacity still has surplus, control system stopped motor compressor work this moment, arouses the fluctuation of air conditioner air-out temperature, influences the travelling comfort.

2. A semiconductor refrigeration mode: i.e., to operate the conditioning system only in the semiconductor cooling mode of the thermoelectric device TED 4. Hot air generated at the hot end of the thermoelectric device TED4 is exhausted out of the vehicle through the air outlet door 12, the refrigerating capacity of the thermoelectric device TED4 is calculated through design, the refrigerating efficiency is higher than the efficiency of the electric compressor 5 working at a low rotating speed, and the comfort is improved while the energy is saved; and simultaneously, the service life of the electric compressor 5 and the reliability of the system are improved. Moreover, during the refrigeration, most of the user's usage time is in a low-load state, which further indicates the usage efficiency (EER) of the overall regulation system.

When a low-load heating mode is required, two options are available:

1. in the heating mode, the electric compressor 5 is operated at a lower speed. When the electric compressor 5 works at the lowest rotating speed, if the lowest heating capacity of the electric compressor is still surplus, the control system stops the work of the electric compressor at the moment, the fluctuation of the air outlet temperature of the air conditioner is caused, and the comfort is influenced.

2. Semiconductor heating mode: i.e., to operate the system only in the semiconductor heating mode of the thermoelectric device TED 4. Cold air generated by the cold end of the thermoelectric device TED4 is exhausted out of the vehicle through the air outlet door 12, the heating capacity of the thermoelectric device TED4 is calculated through design, the heating efficiency is higher than the efficiency of the electric compressor 5 working at a low rotating speed, and the comfort is improved while the energy is saved; and simultaneously, the service life of the electric compressor 5 and the reliability of the system are improved. In addition, most of the user's usage time during heating is in a low load state, and thus, the efficiency of use (EER) of the system is further presented.

When a low-load heating dehumidification (demisting) mode is required, two options are available:

1. the conditioning system operates in a cooling mode while the thermoelectric device TED4 operates in a heating mode. In such an operating state, the two power consuming components (the electric compressor 5 and the thermoelectric device TED4) operate simultaneously, and the power consumption is high, which is contrary to the design principle of low load and low power consumption. Moreover, if the electric compressor 5 works at the lowest rotation speed, the refrigerating (dehumidifying) capacity is still surplus, so that the air outlet temperature is too low, and discomfort is caused; if the solution is to be achieved by increasing the heating capacity of the TED4, the size of the TED4 must be increased, which makes it difficult to arrange the TED4 in the space of the air-conditioning case 1, and the external size of the air-conditioning case 1 must be increased, which makes it difficult to arrange the TED4 in the space of the entire vehicle. Meanwhile, the design cost of the product may also increase.

2. The semiconductor full mode, i.e. the cold side of the TED4 cools and dehumidifies, and the hot side of the TED4 heats, at which time the outlet damper 12 is closed or eliminated in design.

When a cooling boost mode is required: the system operates in a cooling mode and the thermoelectric device TED4 operates in a cooling mode. The size of the components of the system, such as the electric compressor 5, the outdoor heat exchanger 3, the air conditioning box 1 and the like, can be designed to be smaller, so that the design cost of the system is further reduced.

When a heating lifting mode is required: the system operates in a heating mode and the thermoelectric device TED4 operates in a heating mode. The size of the components of the system, such as the electric compressor 5, the outdoor heat exchanger 3, the air conditioning box 1 and the like, can be designed to be smaller, so that the design cost of the system is further reduced. Or the application range of the system in low-temperature and low-cold areas is further enlarged.

In the whole working mode and working state, the adjustment of the system capacity such as refrigeration and heating does not need the matching of the temperature air door in the air-conditioning box (unlike the traditional design), namely, the control system of the invention can realize the stepless adjustment of the electric compressor and the thermoelectric device, thereby canceling the temperature air door in the air-conditioning box (namely, not arranging the temperature air door in the air-conditioning box), and leading the structural design of the air-conditioning box to be simpler and the volume to be more compact.

In conclusion, the cold end and the hot end of the thermoelectric device TED are arranged at different positions of the air conditioning box and the indoor heat exchanger in the air conditioning box in the temperature control and regulation system in the electric vehicle, so that the heating and refrigerating functions of the heat pump type air conditioning system are obviously improved in the system operation process; and cold air or hot air is discharged out of the air conditioning box through the air outlet door through the cooperation between the thermoelectric device TED and the air outlet door, so that the low-load heating, refrigerating, heating and dehumidifying functions are realized.

While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.