阅读说明：本技术 一种用于超临界水热合成纳米粉体的螺旋缠绕式急冷器 (Spiral winding type quencher for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nano powder ) 是由 王树众 张熠姝 王栋 张宝权 于 2020-04-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明一种用于超临界水热合成纳米粉体的螺旋缠绕式急冷器,包括筒体,在筒体中设置有若干层螺旋缠绕的换热管,在筒体内的上部设置带有向下喷淋孔的喷淋管,各换热管底端与热流体入口连通,顶端与热流体出口连通,喷淋管连接冷却水入口,筒体下部设置冷却水出口。每层换热管由倾斜向上或向下缠绕的若干根管道组成,相邻两层换热管倾斜方向相反,且缠绕形成的螺旋均与筒体保持同轴。换热管上可设置螺旋结构翅片,筒体底端可设置分流集箱,顶端可设置汇集集箱,本发明采用螺旋缠绕式排列的换热器结构,并增设喷淋结构,从而强化换热,提高急冷器冷却效率；并充分利用换热面积,大大减小急冷器占地面积,实现超临界水热合成纳米粉体工艺的急冷需求。(The invention relates to a spiral winding type quencher for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nano-powder, which comprises a cylinder body, wherein a plurality of layers of spirally wound heat exchange tubes are arranged in the cylinder body, a spray pipe with downward spray holes is arranged at the upper part in the cylinder body, the bottom end of each heat exchange tube is communicated with a hot fluid inlet, the top end of each heat exchange tube is communicated with a hot fluid outlet, the spray pipe is connected with a cooling water inlet, and the lower part of the cylinder body is provided with a cooling water outlet. Each layer of heat exchange tube is composed of a plurality of pipelines which are obliquely wound upwards or downwards, the inclination directions of the adjacent two layers of heat exchange tubes are opposite, and the spiral formed by winding is coaxial with the cylinder. The heat exchange tube can be provided with fins with a spiral structure, the bottom end of the cylinder body can be provided with a shunting collecting box, and the top end of the cylinder body can be provided with a collecting box; and the heat exchange area is fully utilized, the occupied area of the quencher is greatly reduced, and the quenching requirement of the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis nano powder process is met.)

1. The utility model provides a spiral wound quench cooler for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis nanometer powder, includes barrel (1), a plurality of layers spiral winding's heat exchange tube (2) is provided with in barrel (1), upper portion in barrel (1) sets up shower (5) that have downward spray hole (6), the bottom and hot-fluid entry (20) intercommunication of each heat exchange tube (2), the top communicates with hot-fluid export (19), cooling water entry (21) are connected in shower (5), the lower part of barrel (1) sets up cooling water outlet (22).

2. The spiral wound quencher for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nanopowder as recited in claim 1, wherein each layer of heat exchange tubes (2) is composed of a plurality of tubes wound obliquely upwards or obliquely downwards, the inclination directions of two adjacent layers of heat exchange tubes (2) are opposite, and the spiral formed by winding is coaxial with the cylinder (1).

3. The spiral winding type quencher for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nano-powder as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein each heat exchange tube (2) is provided with a fin (3) with a spiral structure, the fins (3) are connected with the outer wall surface of the heat exchange tube (2) and are equidistantly distributed at the periphery of the heat exchange tube (2).

4. The spiral wound quencher for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nanopowder as recited in claim 3, wherein the height of the fins (3) is 2-5 mm, and the inner diameter of the heat exchange tubes (2) is 1-3 mm.

5. The spiral winding type quencher for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nano-powder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom end of the cylinder (1) is provided with a flow distribution plate (4), the flow distribution plate (4) is of a porous structure, the aperture is the same as the outer diameter of each heat exchange tube (2), the edge of the flow distribution plate (4) is connected with the inner wall of the cylinder (1), and each hole is respectively used for each heat exchange tube (2) to pass through to form an integral structure; a shunting collection box (12) is arranged below the shunting plate (4), the shunting collection box (12) is composed of a shunting cavity (13) and a plurality of shunting runners (14), the shunting cavity (13) is positioned at the bottom and communicated with the shunting runners (14), the diameter of the shunting cavity (13) is larger than the coiled outer diameter of the outermost heat exchange tube (2), the caliber of the shunting runner (14) is the same as the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube (2), the distribution positions are in one-to-one correspondence with the distribution positions of the bottom ends of the heat exchange tubes (2), the bottom ends of the heat exchange tubes (2) penetrate through the shunting runners (14) to be communicated with the shunting cavity (13), or the heat exchange tubes (2) are communicated with the shunting cavity (13) through the shunting runners (14).

6. The spiral wound quencher for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nanopowders according to claim 5, wherein the flow-dividing header (12) is configured with a lower end cap (16), the lower end cap (16) is mounted at the bottom end of the flow-dividing header (12) through a fastening bolt (17) and a sealing gasket (18), the top end of the flow-dividing header (12) is mounted at the bottom end of the barrel (1) through a fastening bolt (17) and a sealing gasket (18), and the hot fluid inlet (20) is opened at the center of the lower end cap (16).

7. The spiral wound quencher for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nanopowders according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the top end of the barrel (1) is provided with a collection tank (9), the collection tank (9) is composed of a collection cavity (10) and a plurality of collection channels (11), the collection cavity (10) is located at the top and is communicated with the collection channels (11), wherein the diameter of the collection cavity (10) is larger than the coiled outer diameter of the outermost heat exchange tube (2), the caliber of the collection channel (11) is the same as the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube (2), the distribution positions are in one-to-one correspondence with the distribution positions of the top end of the heat exchange tube (2), and the top end of each heat exchange tube (2) passes through the collection channel (11) to be communicated with the collection cavity (10), or each heat exchange tube (2) is communicated with the collection cavity (10) through the collection channel (11).

8. The spiral wound quencher for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nanopowders according to claim 7, wherein the collection tank (9) is configured with an upper end cap (15), the upper end cap (15) is mounted on the top end of the collection tank (9) through a fastening bolt (17) and a sealing washer (18), the bottom end of the collection tank (9) is mounted on the top end of the barrel (1) through a fastening bolt (17) and a sealing washer (18), and the hot fluid outlet (19) is opened at the center of the upper end cap (15).

9. The spiral winding type quencher for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nano-powder according to claim 5 or 8, wherein the type of the sealing washer (18) is a V-shaped sealing washer, an octagonal sealing washer, a U-shaped sealing washer, a rectangular sealing washer or an O-shaped sealing washer.

10. The spiral wound quencher for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nano-powder as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spray pipe (5) is connected and fixed with the cylinder (1) through U-shaped bolts (7) and triangular steel (8), the spray holes (6) are uniformly distributed on the lower half surface of the spray pipe (5), and the diameter of the spray holes (6) is 2-5 mm.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a quencher used in the technical fields of energy, chemical engineering and materials, in particular to a spiral winding type quencher for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nano-powder.

Background

The supercritical hydrothermal synthesis method is a new technology for preparing nano powder materials and has wide development prospect. The nano powder material has wide application prospect in the aspects of magnetic materials, electronic materials, optical materials, high-density materials and the like because the nano powder material presents the characteristics which are not possessed by the conventional materials in the aspects of light, electricity, magnetism and the like, and the preparation of nano particle powder becomes a new field for the research of the fields of chemical engineering and energy. The existing methods for preparing nano-powder are divided into two main categories, namely physical methods and chemical methods, wherein the chemical methods are divided into gas phase methods, liquid phase methods and solid phase methods. In recent years, supercritical fluid technology is combined with hydrothermal synthesis in liquid phase method, and a new nano powder preparation method, namely supercritical hydrothermal synthesis, is generated.

Compared with other nano powder preparation methods, the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis technology has many special advantages: (1) under the supercritical condition, the reaction rate of the hydrothermal synthesis is improved by several orders of magnitude compared with that of the conventional method; (2) can obtain extremely high nucleation rate and is beneficial to the formation of ultrafine particles; (3) powder with good crystallization can be directly obtained without high-temperature glow-hot treatment, thereby avoiding hard agglomeration of the powder which is possibly formed in the process, grain growth, impurity introduction and the like in the sintering process; (4) the phase and morphology of the powder grains can be controlled by controlling process parameters such as the temperature, pressure, residence time, etc.

In addition, the particles prepared in the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis process have the characteristics of uniform particle size distribution, complete crystal grain development, high purity, light particle agglomeration, suitability for cheap raw materials and the like. Moreover, the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis is carried out in a closed environment by taking water as a medium, so that other pollutants are not introduced in the reaction process, and the method is considered to be an environment-friendly nano powder preparation technology.

However, because the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis technology has a very high reaction rate, the nano powder is formed in a very short time, and if the time under a high-temperature condition is increased, the nano powder can be rapidly aggregated into large particles, so that the product quality of the nano powder is affected, so that the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis technology process usually requires a very short reaction time and rapid cooling, which puts a strict requirement on a quenching device in a process system, and the temperature of a reactant fluid is rapidly reduced to below the crystal growth critical temperature within a period of time.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a spiral winding type quencher for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nano-powder, which breaks through the limitations of the traditional heat exchanger and quencher structure, designs a spiral winding type arranged heat exchanger structure and designs a spraying structure in the heat exchanger, thereby strengthening heat exchange, fully contacting cooling water with hot fluid and greatly improving the cooling efficiency of the quencher; and the heat exchange area can be fully utilized, so that the occupied area of the quencher is greatly reduced, and the quenching requirement of the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis nano powder process is finally realized.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

the utility model provides a spiral wound quench cooler for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis nanometer powder, includes barrel 1, is provided with a plurality of layers spiral winding's heat exchange tube 2 in barrel 1, and upper portion setting in barrel 1 has spray pipe 5 of spraying hole 6 downwards, and the bottom and the hot-fluid entry 20 intercommunication of each heat exchange tube 2, top and hot-fluid outlet 19 intercommunication, cooling water entry 21 are connected to spray pipe 5, and the lower part of barrel 1 sets up cooling water outlet 22.

Further, each layer of the heat exchange tube 2 is composed of a plurality of tubes which are obliquely wound upwards or obliquely wound downwards, the inclination directions of the adjacent two layers of the heat exchange tubes 2 are opposite, and the spiral formed by winding is coaxial with the barrel 1.

Furthermore, each heat exchange tube 2 is provided with a fin 3, and the fins 3 are connected with the outer wall surface of the heat exchange tube 2 and are distributed on the periphery of the heat exchange tube 2 at equal intervals.

Further, the height of the fin 3 is 2-5 mm, and the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube 2 is 1-3 mm.

The spray pipe 5 is connected and fixed with the barrel 1 through a U-shaped bolt 7 and a triangular steel 8, the spray holes 6 are uniformly distributed on the lower half surface of the spray pipe 5, and the hole diameter is 2-5 mm.

The aperture of the spraying hole 6 is 2-5 mm.

Furthermore, a flow distribution plate 4 is arranged at the bottom end of the cylinder body 1, the flow distribution plate 4 is of a porous structure, the pore diameter of the flow distribution plate 4 is the same as the outer diameter of each heat exchange tube 2, the edge of the flow distribution plate 4 is connected with the inner wall of the cylinder body 1, and each hole is respectively used for each heat exchange tube 2 to penetrate through to form an integral structure; a shunting header 12 is arranged below the shunting plate 4, the shunting header 12 is composed of a shunting cavity 13 and a plurality of shunting runners 14, the shunting cavity 13 is positioned at the bottom and is communicated with the shunting runners 14, the diameter of the shunting cavity 13 is larger than the coiled outer diameter of the outermost heat exchange tube 2, the caliber of the shunting runner 14 is the same as the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube 2, the distribution positions are in one-to-one correspondence with the distribution positions at the bottom end of the heat exchange tube 2, the bottom end of each heat exchange tube 2 penetrates through the shunting runner 14 to be communicated with the shunting cavity 13, or each heat exchange tube 2 is communicated with the shunting cavity 13 through the shunting runner 14.

Further, the flow dividing header 12 is provided with a lower end cover 16, the lower end cover 16 is mounted at the bottom end of the flow dividing header 12 through a fastening bolt 17 and a sealing washer 18, the top end of the flow dividing header 12 is mounted at the bottom end of the cylinder 1 through the fastening bolt 17 and the sealing washer 18, and the hot fluid inlet 20 is opened at the center of the lower end cover 16.

Furthermore, a collecting box 9 is arranged at the top end of the barrel 1, the collecting box 9 is composed of a collecting cavity 10 and a plurality of collecting channels 11, the collecting cavity 10 is located at the top and is communicated with the collecting channels 11, the diameter of the collecting cavity 10 is larger than the coiled outer diameter of the heat exchange tube 2 at the outermost layer, the distribution positions of the collecting cavity 10 correspond to the distribution positions of the top ends of the heat exchange tubes 2 one by one, the bottom end of each heat exchange tube 2 penetrates through the collecting channels 11 to be communicated with the collecting cavity 10, or each heat exchange tube 2 is communicated with the collecting cavity 10 through the collecting channels 11.

Further, the collecting header 9 is provided with an upper end cover 15, the upper end cover 15 is mounted on the top end of the collecting header 9 through a fastening bolt 17 and a sealing washer 18, the bottom end of the collecting header 9 is mounted on the top end of the cylinder 1 through the fastening bolt 17 and the sealing washer 18, and the hot fluid outlet 19 is opened in the center of the upper end cover 15.

Further, the type of the sealing washer 18 is a V-shaped sealing washer, an octagonal sealing washer, a U-shaped sealing washer, a rectangular sealing washer or an O-shaped sealing washer.

Compared with the traditional heat exchanger or the water-spraying type quencher for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nano powder, the spiral winding type quencher for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nano powder has obvious advantages and mainly comprises the following components in percentage by weight: firstly, the whole heat exchange tube adopts a staggered spiral winding structure, so that the heat exchange area can be fully utilized, and the floor area of a quencher is greatly reduced; secondly, the spiral fins distributed at equal intervals are additionally arranged on the outer wall surface of the heat exchange tube, so that the heat exchange surface can be further expanded, and the effect of heat exchange enhancement is achieved; thirdly, a spray pipeline with a large number of spray holes is arranged at the top inside the heat exchanger, so that cooling water falls in the form of atomized liquid drops and is fully contacted with the tightly wound heat exchange tube, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency and playing a role in quickly cooling hot fluid in the heat exchange tube; fourthly, the structural design of the flow dividing collecting box and the collecting box is adopted, so that the flow of hot fluid in each heat exchange pipe is equal, the heat exchange in the whole space is average, and the whole heat exchange efficiency is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a spiral wound chiller according to the present invention.

Wherein: 1 is a cylinder body; 2 is a heat exchange tube; 3 is a fin; 4 is a flow distribution plate; 5 is a spray pipe; 6 is a spray hole; 7 is a U-shaped bolt; 8 is triangular steel; 9 is a collecting header; 10 is a collection cavity; 11 is a collecting flow channel; 12 is a shunt header; 13 is a shunting cavity; 14 is a flow dividing channel; 15 is an upper end cover; 16 is a lower end cover; 17 is a fastening bolt; 18 is a sealing gasket; 19 is a hot fluid outlet; 20 is a hot fluid inlet; 21 is a cooling water inlet; and 22 is a cooling water outlet.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

referring to fig. 1, the spiral winding type quencher for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nano-powder of the invention comprises a cylinder 1, wherein a plurality of layers of spirally wound heat exchange tubes 2 are arranged in the cylinder 1, a spray tube 5 with downward spray holes 6 is arranged at the upper part in the cylinder 1, the bottom end of each heat exchange tube 2 is communicated with a hot fluid inlet 20, the top end is communicated with a hot fluid outlet 19, the spray tube 5 is connected with a cooling water inlet 21, and the lower part of the cylinder 1 is provided with a cooling water outlet 22.

According to the structure, after reaction, hot fluid enters each heat exchange tube 2 from the hot fluid inlet 20, and fully exchanges heat with atomized liquid drops ejected from the plurality of spray holes 6 at the lower half part of the spray tube 5 in the process that the hot fluid in the heat exchange tubes 2 spirally rises from bottom to top to form a stroke of countercurrent heat exchange, and the whole quenching process can be completed within 1 second; the heat fluid after finishing quenching flows out from the heat fluid outlet 19, cooling water enters through the cooling water inlet 21, and cooling water droplets after heat exchange are converged in the cylinder 1 and then flow out from the cooling water outlet 22.

In the detailed scheme of the invention, the spray pipe 5 and the cylinder 1 are connected and fixed through a U-shaped bolt 7 and a triangular steel 8, and the spray holes 6 are uniformly distributed on the lower half surface of the spray pipe 5 and have the aperture of 2-5 mm.

In a further improvement scheme of the invention, each layer of heat exchange tubes 2 consists of a plurality of tubes which are obliquely wound upwards or obliquely wound downwards, the inclination directions of two adjacent layers of heat exchange tubes 2 are opposite, and the spirals formed by winding are coaxial with the cylinder 1.

In a further improvement scheme of the invention, each heat exchange tube 2 is provided with a fin 3 with a spiral structure, the fins 3 are connected with the outer wall surface of the heat exchange tube 2 and are equidistantly distributed on the periphery of the heat exchange tube 2 to play a role in expanding the heat exchange surface, the height of the fins 3 is generally 2-5 mm, and the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube 2 is generally 1-3 mm.

In a further improvement scheme of the invention, the bottom end of the cylinder body 1 is provided with a flow distribution plate 4, the flow distribution plate 4 is of a porous structure, the aperture is the same as the outer diameter of each heat exchange tube 2, the edge of the flow distribution plate 4 is connected with the inner wall of the cylinder body 1, and each hole is respectively penetrated by each heat exchange tube 2 to form an integral structure; a shunting header 12 is arranged below the shunting plate 4, the shunting header 12 is composed of a shunting cavity 13 (which can be cylindrical) and a plurality of shunting runners 14, the shunting cavity 13 is positioned at the bottom and is communicated with the shunting runners 14, the diameter of the shunting cavity 13 is larger than the coiled outer diameter of the outermost heat exchange tube 2, the caliber of the shunting runner 14 is the same as the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube 2, the distribution positions are in one-to-one correspondence with the distribution positions of the bottom ends of the heat exchange tubes 2, the bottom ends of the heat exchange tubes 2 penetrate through the shunting runners 14 to be communicated with the shunting cavities 13, or the heat exchange tubes 2 are communicated with the shunting cavities 13 through the shunting runners.

The lower end cover 16 is disposed on the split flow header 12, the lower end cover 16 is mounted on the bottom end of the split flow header 12 through a fastening bolt 17 and a sealing washer 18, the top end of the split flow header 12 is mounted on the bottom end of the cylinder 1 through the fastening bolt 17 and the sealing washer 18, and the hot fluid inlet 20 is opened in the center of the lower end cover 16.

In the structure, after reaction, hot fluid enters the diversion cavity 13 at the bottom of the diversion header 12 through the hot fluid inlet 20 on the lower end cover 16, and then the hot fluid is equally divided into the interior of each heat exchange tube 2 through the diversion flow channel 14.

In a further improvement of the invention, a collecting tank 9 is arranged at the top end of the cylinder 1, the collecting tank 9 is composed of a collecting cavity 10 (which can be cylindrical) and a plurality of collecting channels 11, the collecting cavity 10 is positioned at the top and is communicated with the collecting channels 11, wherein the diameter of the collecting cavity 10 is larger than the coiled outer diameter of the outermost heat exchange tube 2, the caliber of the collecting channel 11 is the same as the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube 2, the distribution positions are in one-to-one correspondence with the distribution positions of the top ends of the heat exchange tubes 2, the top ends of the heat exchange tubes 2 penetrate through the collecting channels 11 to be communicated with the collecting cavity 10, or the heat exchange tubes 2 are communicated with the collecting cavity 10 through.

Wherein, the collection box 9 is provided with an upper end cover 15, the upper end cover 15 is arranged at the top end of the collection box 9 through a fastening bolt 17 and a sealing washer 18, the bottom end of the collection box 9 is arranged at the top end of the cylinder 1 through the fastening bolt 17 and the sealing washer 18, and a hot fluid outlet 19 is opened at the center of the upper end cover 15.

In this configuration, the quenched hot fluid enters the collection cavity 10 at the top of the collection header 9 through the collection flow channel 11 and exits the quencher through the hot fluid outlet 19 of the upper end cap 15.

In the present invention, the type of the sealing washer 18 may be, but is not limited to, a V-shaped sealing washer, an octagonal sealing washer, a U-shaped sealing washer, a rectangular sealing washer, an O-shaped sealing washer, etc.

The heat exchange device can be divided into a heat exchange main body, a flow dividing auxiliary part, a sealing auxiliary part and a pipe connecting port according to functions, the heat exchange main body and the flow dividing auxiliary part are connected and fastened through a sealing piece, and the heat exchange main body mainly comprises a cylinder body 1, a plurality of layers of spirally wound heat exchange pipes 2, fins 3, a flow dividing plate 4, a spray pipe 5, a spray hole 6, a U-shaped bolt 7, triangular steel 8 and the like. The flow distribution auxiliary part mainly comprises a collection box 9, a collection cavity 10, a collection flow channel 11, a flow distribution box 12, a flow distribution cavity 13, a flow distribution flow channel 14 and the like. The sealing auxiliary mainly comprises an upper end cover 15, a lower end cover 16, a fastening bolt 17, a sealing gasket 18 and the like.

The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.