阅读说明：本技术 一种缓解奶牛肝损伤的饲料添加剂及日粮和应用 (Feed additive for relieving liver injury of dairy cows, daily ration and application ) 是由 马燕芬 宋利文 宝华 张春华 羿静 凤英 于 2020-05-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于动物营养与日粮学领域,提供了一种缓解奶牛肝损伤的饲料添加剂及其日粮和应用。该饲料添加剂包括番茄红素和水飞蓟素。本发明提供的饲料添加剂可以缓解奶牛在围产期由于代谢应激-氧化应激-免疫应激失衡引起的肝损伤进而导致生产性能和繁殖性能降低。本发明以番茄红素和水飞蓟素作为饲料添加剂作为缓解奶牛肝损伤的重点,使得本发明提供的饲料添加剂可以有效改善奶牛代谢性能、保持奶牛体内的氧化还原平衡,降低奶牛代谢病和肝损伤的发病率,并提高了奶牛产奶量,增加养殖户经济效益。(The invention belongs to the field of animal nutrition and daily ration, and provides a feed additive for relieving liver injury of dairy cows, daily ration and application thereof. The feed additive comprises lycopene and silymarin. The feed additive provided by the invention can relieve the liver injury caused by metabolic stress-oxidative stress-immune stress imbalance of dairy cows in the perinatal period, so that the production performance and the reproductive performance are reduced. The lycopene and the silymarin are taken as the feed additives to be the key points for relieving the liver injury of the dairy cows, so that the feed additives provided by the invention can effectively improve the metabolic performance of the dairy cows, keep the redox balance in the bodies of the dairy cows, reduce the morbidity of metabolic diseases and liver injury of the dairy cows, improve the milk yield of the dairy cows and increase the economic benefit of farmers.)

1. A feed additive for relieving liver injury of milk cow comprises lycopene and silymarin.

2. The feed additive according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of lycopene to silymarin is 3-4: 6 to 7.

3. The feed additive according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the feed additive is provided in the form of a coating; the coating layer of the coating is bran;

the mass ratio of the lycopene to the silymarin to the bran is 3-4: 6-7: 100.

4. a daily ration for alleviating liver injury in dairy cows comprising the feed additive of any one of claims 1 to 3 and a basal daily ration.

5. The ration according to claim 4, wherein the mass ratio of the feed additive to the basal ration is 4-10: 2000-3500.

6. The ration of claim 5, wherein the base ration comprises, in parts by mass: 25-35 parts of corn silage, 5-10 parts of alfalfa, 10-25 parts of oat grass, 20-30 parts of corn, 1-6 parts of cottonseed meal, 1-8 parts of soybean meal, 0-10 parts of vinasse protein feed, 1-3 parts of molasses, 0.5-1 part of sodium bicarbonate and 3-5 parts of premix; the feed additive is 40-100 g/d per cow.

7. The ration of claim 6, wherein when the ration is a dairy cow prenatal ration, the basal ration consists of: 28-33 parts of corn silage, 6-10 parts of alfalfa, 20-24 parts of oat grass, 20-24 parts of corn, 2-5 parts of cottonseed meal, 3-6 parts of soybean meal, 1-2 parts of molasses, 0.5-1 part of sodium bicarbonate and 3-5 parts of premix; the feed additive is 40-60 g/d per cow.

8. The ration of claim 6, wherein when the ration is a post-partum ration for dairy cows, the basal ration consists of: 26-35 parts of corn silage, 6-10 parts of alfalfa, 10-15 parts of oat grass, 23-27 parts of corn, 3-6 parts of cottonseed, 3-5 parts of cottonseed meal, 3-8 parts of soybean meal, 6-10 parts of vinasse protein feed, 1-2 parts of molasses, 0.5-1 part of sodium bicarbonate and 3-5 parts of premix; the feed additive is 80-100 g/d per cow.

9. Use of the daily ration for alleviating liver injury in dairy cows of any one of claims 4 to 8 in dairy cows feeding.

10. The use according to claim 9, wherein when the ration is used to feed dairy cows in the prenatal period, the feed is 18-25 kg/d/head; when the daily ration is used for feeding dairy cows in the late perinatal period, the feeding amount is 30-40 kg/d/head; the feeding amount is calculated by the amount of dry matter.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of animal nutrition and feed science, in particular to a feed additive for relieving liver injury of dairy cows, daily ration and application.

Background

Under the condition that the living standard of people is continuously improved, the dairy products become indispensable products in daily life, and therefore higher requirements on the quality and quantity of the dairy products are also put forward. In the last decade, the milk yield of dairy cows has increased rapidly. Therefore, the feeding management level is improved as soon as possible, the daily ration nutrition optimization technology of the dairy cows is considered, and only by tightly combining the daily ration nutrition optimization technology and the daily ration nutrition optimization technology, the high-yield dairy cows can exert larger lactation potential, so that farmers obtain larger economic benefits.

However, metabolic stress-oxidative stress and immune stress imbalance linkage reaction easily occurs in the late perinatal period of the dairy cattle, and further the problem that the health of the dairy cattle is seriously influenced occurs. For example, excessive fat mobilization increases ketone bodies (BHBA) in blood, causes nutritional metabolic disturbance diseases, causes pathological changes of the liver of the cow, and further causes the deterioration of the cow body. The continuously deteriorated physical condition not only can influence the normal change of the breast structure of the dairy cow in the lactation period to cause mastitis, thereby causing the reduction of the yield of the dairy cow, but also can increase the treatment cost of farmers and reduce the economic benefit.

However, in view of the above situation, in the prior art, the treatment cost for the dairy cows with liver injury in the late perinatal period is high, and the effect is not good, so the prevention is mainly performed by glucose injection, oral administration of nicotinic acid or choline, injection of adrenocortical hormone and the like, but the above method still affects adverse reactions such as food consumption and the like along with the reduction of milk yield.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a feed additive for relieving the liver injury of dairy cows, a daily ration and application. The feed additive provided by the invention can effectively relieve liver injury caused by metabolic stress-oxidative stress and immune stress imbalance, and improve the health condition and the production performance of dairy cows.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a feed additive for relieving liver injury of milk cow comprises lycopene and silymarin.

Preferably, the feed additive is provided in the form of a coating; the coating layer of the coating is bran;

the mass ratio of the lycopene to the silymarin to the bran is 3-4: 6-7: 100.

the invention also provides a daily ration for relieving the liver injury of the dairy cows, which comprises the feed additive and the basic daily ration.

Preferably, the mass ratio of the feed additive to the basic ration is 4-10: 2000 to 3500.

Preferably, the basal ration comprises: corn silage, alfalfa, oat grass, corn, cottonseed meal, soybean meal, distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), molasses, sodium bicarbonate, and a premix.

Preferably, the basic ration comprises the following components in parts by mass: 25-35 parts of corn silage, 5-10 parts of alfalfa, 10-25 parts of oat grass, 20-30 parts of corn, 1-6 parts of cottonseed meal, 1-8 parts of soybean meal, 0-10 parts of DDGS (distillers dried grains with soluble), 1-3 parts of molasses, 0.5-1 part of sodium bicarbonate and 3-5 parts of premix; the feed additive is 40-100 g/d per cow.

Preferably, when the daily ration is taken as daily ration of dairy cows in the early perinatal period, the basic daily ration comprises the following components: 28-33 parts of corn silage, 6-10 parts of alfalfa, 20-24 parts of oat grass, 20-24 parts of corn, 2-5 parts of cottonseed meal, 3-6 parts of soybean meal, 1-2 parts of molasses, 0.5-1 part of sodium bicarbonate and 3-5 parts of a premix; the feed additive is 40-60 g/d per cow.

Preferably, when the daily ration is taken as daily ration for dairy cows in the late perinatal period, the basic daily ration comprises the following components: 26-35 parts of corn silage, 6-10 parts of alfalfa, 10-15 parts of oat grass, 23-27 parts of corn, 3-6 parts of cottonseed, 3-5 parts of cottonseed meal, 3-8 parts of soybean meal, 6-10 parts of DDGS, 1-2 parts of molasses, 0.5-1 part of sodium bicarbonate and 3-5 parts of premix; the feed additive is 80-100 g/d per cow.

The invention also provides application of the daily ration in dairy cow feeding.

Preferably, when the daily ration is used for feeding dairy cows in the early perinatal period, the feeding amount is 18-25 kg/d/head; when the daily ration is used for feeding dairy cows in the late perinatal period, the feeding amount is 30-40 kg/d/head; the feeding amount is calculated by the amount of dry matter.

The invention provides a feed additive for relieving the liver injury of dairy cows, which comprises lycopene and silymarin. The feed additive provided by the invention can relieve the reduction of production performance and organism health caused by liver injury of dairy cows due to metabolic stress-oxidative stress and immune stress imbalance in the late perinatal period. The lycopene and the silymarin are taken as the feed additives to be the key points for relieving the liver injury of the dairy cows, so that the feed additives provided by the invention can effectively improve the metabolic performance of the dairy cows, keep the redox balance in the dairy cows, reduce the morbidity of metabolic diseases and liver injury of the dairy cows, improve the milk yield and the health condition of organisms of the dairy cows, and increase the utilization life of the dairy cows and the economic benefits of farmers. The results of the examples show that the milk yield of the dairy cows in the perinatal period can be improved by 9.2 percent to the maximum after the dairy cows in the perinatal period eat the feed additive provided by the invention; can also relieve impaired liver function, and the content of ketone body can be reduced by 61.5% during feeding period; simultaneously, the content of malondialdehyde in the blood of the dairy cow is reduced by 26.3 percent.

Detailed Description

The invention provides a feed additive for relieving the liver injury of dairy cows, which comprises lycopene and silymarin.

In the invention, the mass ratio of lycopene to silymarin in the feed additive is preferably 3-4: 6-7, and more preferably 3.75: 6.25; in the present invention, the purity of lycopene is preferably 80% or more. The present invention has no special requirements for the sources of said lycopene and silymarin, and can be applied as is well known to those skilled in the art. According to the invention, lycopene and silymarin are mixed with the daily ration of different physiological stages of the dairy cows to match, so that the metabolism of the dairy cows in the perinatal period can be adjusted, the metabolic stress and oxidative stress of the organisms are reduced, the immunity function of the organisms is improved, the morbidity of metabolic diseases and infectious diseases of the dairy cows is reduced, the milk yield and health condition of the dairy cows are improved, and the service life of the dairy cows and the economic benefits of farmers are increased; especially, the lycopene and the silymarin are compounded and used according to a specific proportion, so that the feed additive is more beneficial to regulating the metabolism of the dairy cow organism in the late perinatal period. Lycopene and silymarin can also replace the use of feed antibiotics or other growth-promoting feed additives in daily ration in the process of breeding dairy cows, reduce the use amount of antibiotics used for treating disease morbidity, play a role of twice with half the effort in improving the health condition and production performance of the dairy cows for relieving nutritional metabolic diseases and infectious diseases of the dairy cows caused by energy negative balance, metabolic stress-oxidative stress-immune stress imbalance, and replace and reduce the use of antibiotics, further achieve the effect of reducing the antibiotic residues in milk and meat products, and have important significance for ensuring the health of the dairy cows, the safety of milk drinking and the health of human bodies.

In the present invention, the feed additive is preferably provided in the form of a coating; the coating layer of the coating is preferably bran; the mass ratio of the lycopene to the silymarin to the bran in the coating is preferably 3-4: 6-7: 100, respectively; further preferably 3.75:6.25: 100.

in the present invention, when the feed additive is in the form of a coating, the preparation method of the coating preferably comprises: and stirring and mixing the bran, the lycopene and the silymarin to obtain the feed additive in the form of the coating. In the invention, the stirring and mixing time is preferably 15-25 min, and the stirring and mixing rotating speed is preferably 100-300 rpm.

According to the invention, the physical characteristics between lycopene and silymarin are utilized in the stirring and mixing processes, so that lycopene and silymarin are uniformly coated in bran, the odor of lycopene and silymarin can be further reduced, the influence of the odor of daily ration on the palatability and the feed intake of dairy cows can be reduced, the lycopene and the silymarin can be prevented from being degraded in rumens, the additive can be ensured to smoothly reach the intestinal tracts of the dairy cows through rumens, and the lycopene and the silymarin can play roles of metabolic stress resistance, oxidative stress resistance, immune stress resistance and liver protection in the intestinal tracts and blood of the dairy cows.

After mixing and stirring, the invention preferably uses tin foil paper to wrap the coating; and (5) storing the obtained coating in a light-blocking way. The invention has no special requirements on the specific implementation mode of light-blocking storage, and adopts a mode known by persons skilled in the art; in the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to store the container in a light-proof container such as a pail or a kraft paper bag.

The invention also provides daily ration for relieving the liver injury of the dairy cows, which comprises the feed additive and the basic daily ration in the technical scheme. In the invention, the mass ratio of the feed additive to the basic ration is preferably 4-10: 2000-3500, and more preferably 4-6: 2000 or 8-10: 3500; when the daily ration is used in the early perinatal period, the mass ratio of the feed additive to the basic daily ration is adjusted to be 4-6: 2000, and when the daily ration is used in the later perinatal period, the mass ratio of the feed additive to the basic daily ration is adjusted to be 8-10: 3500. The invention adjusts the dosage of different feed additives according to different physiological stages of the dairy cow, further relieves the liver injury caused by metabolic stress-oxidative stress-immune stress, and improves the health condition and the production performance of the dairy cow.

In the present invention, the basal ration preferably comprises: corn silage, alfalfa, oat grass, corn, cottonseed meal, soybean meal, DDGS, molasses, sodium bicarbonate and premix.

Unless otherwise specified, the present invention does not require any particular source for each component, and any commercially available product known to those skilled in the art may be used.

In parts by mass, the basic daily ration in the daily ration for relieving the liver injury of the dairy cattle preferably comprises 25-35 parts of corn silage, and more preferably 26-35 parts or 28-33 parts.

Based on the mass parts of the corn silage, the basic daily ration in the daily ration for relieving the liver injury of the dairy cattle comprises 5-10 parts of alfalfa, and the preferable daily ration is 6-10 parts.

Based on the mass parts of the corn silage, the basic ration in the daily ration for relieving the liver injury of the dairy cattle comprises 10-25 parts of oat grass, and preferably 10-15 parts or 20-24 parts.

Based on the mass parts of the corn silage, the basic ration in the daily ration for relieving the liver injury of the dairy cattle comprises 20-30 parts of corn, and preferably 20-27 parts or 20-24 parts.

Based on the mass parts of corn silage, the basic daily ration in the daily ration for relieving the liver injury of the dairy cattle comprises 1-6 parts of cottonseed, and preferably 3-6 parts or 2-5 parts.

Based on the mass parts of corn silage, the basic daily ration in the daily ration for relieving the liver injury of the dairy cattle comprises 1-6 parts of cottonseed meal, and preferably 2-5 parts or 3-5 parts.

Based on the mass parts of corn silage, the basic daily ration in the daily ration for relieving the liver injury of the dairy cattle comprises 1-8 parts of soybean meal, and preferably 3-8 parts or 3-6 parts.

The basal daily ration in the daily ration for relieving the liver injury of the dairy cows comprises 0-10 parts of DDGS (distillers dried grains with soluble) and preferably 6-10 parts or 0 part by mass based on the mass parts of corn silage.

Based on the mass parts of corn silage, the basic daily ration in the daily ration for relieving the liver injury of the dairy cattle comprises 1-3 parts of molasses, and preferably 1-2 parts.

The daily ration for relieving the liver injury of the dairy cows, provided by the invention, comprises 0.5-2 parts of sodium bicarbonate by mass, and preferably 0.5-1 part by mass based on the mass of corn silage.

The daily ration provided by the invention comprises 3-5 parts of premix based on the mass parts of corn silage. The premix preferably comprises 0.3-0.5 g of mineral element calcium, 0.2-0.6 g of phosphorus, 0.1-0.5 g of sodium, 0.2-0.5 g of magnesium, 5-10 mg of copper, 26-32 mg of zinc, 13-21 mg of manganese, 0.1-0.5 mg of cobalt, 0.6-1.0 mg of iodine, 0.2-0.5 mg of selenium, 3000-6000 IU/kg of vitamin A, 500-600 IU/kg of vitamin D and 15-30 mg/kg of vitamin E per kilogram.

The daily ration provided by the invention comprises the feed additive in the technical scheme, and when the daily ration is taken as daily ration of dairy cows in the early perinatal period, the dosage of the feed additive is preferably 40-60 g/d/cow, and more preferably 50 g/d/cow; when the daily ration is used as the daily ration of the dairy cow in the later perinatal period, the dosage of the feed additive is preferably 80-100 g/d/cow, and more preferably 90 g/d/cow.

The invention also provides application of the daily ration in the technical scheme in feeding dairy cows. The present invention preferably uses the ration for feeding perinatal cows.

When the daily ration is used for feeding the dairy cows in the perinatal period, the feeding amount of the daily ration is preferably 18-25 kg/d/head (based on the amount of dry matters), and more preferably 19-20 kg/d/head (based on the amount of dry matters). The composition of the basic ration is preferably as follows in parts by mass: 28-33 parts of corn silage, 6-10 parts of alfalfa, 20-24 parts of oat grass, 20-24 parts of corn, 2-5 parts of cottonseed meal, 3-6 parts of soybean meal, 1-2 parts of molasses, 0.5-1 part of sodium bicarbonate and 3-5 parts of premix, and further preferably 30 parts of corn silage, 8 parts of alfalfa, 22 parts of oat grass, 22 parts of corn, 3 parts of cottonseed, 5 parts of soybean meal, 3 parts of cottonseed meal, 1 part of molasses, 1 part of sodium bicarbonate and 5 parts of premix.

When the daily ration is used for feeding dairy cows in the late perinatal period, the feeding amount of the daily ration is preferably 30-40 kg/d/head (dry matter basis), and more preferably 35-37.5 kg/d/head (dry matter basis). The composition of the basic ration is preferably as follows in parts by mass: 26-35 parts of corn silage, 6-10 parts of alfalfa, 10-15 parts of oat grass, 23-27 parts of corn, 3-6 parts of cottonseed, 3-5 parts of cottonseed meal, 3-8 parts of soybean meal, 6-10 parts of DDGS, 1-2 parts of molasses, 0.5-1 part of sodium bicarbonate and 3-5 parts of premix, 80-100 g/d/cattle of coating, and further preferably 28 parts of corn silage, 7 parts of alfalfa, 10 parts of oat grass, 25 parts of corn, 5 parts of cottonseed, 5 parts of soybean meal, 5 parts of cottonseed meal, 8 parts of DDGS, 1 part of molasses, 1 part of sodium bicarbonate and 5 parts of premix.