阅读说明：本技术 一种含中药渣的全混合日粮及其制备和应用 (Total mixed ration containing traditional Chinese medicine residues and preparation and application thereof ) 是由 圣平 计少石 何力 黄江丽 张志红 王东升 张国华 汪艳霞 于 2020-06-01 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及家畜饲料领域,特别是涉及一种含中药渣的全混合日粮及其制备和应用。本发明通过利用以下原料：中药渣、花生蔓、豆粕、玉米粉、玉米酒糟蛋白饲料、过瘤胃赖氨酸和复合预混料来制备全混合日粮。不仅可以降低饲料的制备成本,还可以有效促进家畜的生长发育,降低料肉比提高养殖者的经济收益。(The invention relates to the field of livestock feed, in particular to a total mixed ration containing traditional Chinese medicine residues and preparation and application thereof. The invention utilizes the following raw materials: the full-mixed daily ration is prepared from the traditional Chinese medicine residues, peanut vines, bean pulp, corn flour, corn vinasse protein feed, rumen bypass lysine and compound premix. Not only can reduce the preparation cost of the feed, but also can effectively promote the growth and development of livestock, reduce the feed-meat ratio and improve the economic benefit of culturists.)

1. The total mixed ration containing the traditional Chinese medicine residues is characterized by comprising the following raw materials: traditional Chinese medicine residues, peanut vines, bean pulp, corn flour, corn vinasse protein feed, rumen bypass lysine and compound premix.

2. The total mixed ration according to claim 1, comprising the following raw materials in parts by mass: 3.60-3.96 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues, 2.40-2.64 parts of peanut vines, 0.81-0.95 part of soybean meal, 1.5-1.77 parts of corn flour, 1.01-1.19 parts of corn vinasse protein feed, 0.04-0.047 part of rumen bypass lysine and 0.04-0.047 part of compound premix.

3. The total mixed ration of claim 2, wherein the pomace and peanut vine are wet materials; the soybean meal, the corn vinasse protein feed, the rumen bypass lysine and the compound premix are dry substances.

4. The total mixed ration according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the herb residue is non-toxic herb residue.

5. A method of preparing a total blended ration according to any of claims 1 to 4 comprising the steps of: mixing the raw materials to obtain a mixture; and (5) micro-storing the mixture to obtain the total mixed ration.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, wherein the fermentation bacteria used in the micro-storage process comprise lactic acid bacteria, the amount of the lactic acid bacteria is 0.5-1.0% of the weight of the raw materials, and the effective viable count of the lactic acid bacteria is not less than 5 × 10⁹CFU/g。

7. The method of claim 5 or 6, wherein the moisture content of the mix during micro-storage is 60-65 wt.%.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, wherein the fermentation temperature in the micro-storage process is (20,35 ℃), and the fermentation time is 10-15 days;

or

The fermentation temperature is less than or equal to 20 ℃, and the fermentation time is 15-20 days.

9. Use of a total mixed ration according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or prepared by a preparation method according to any one of claims 5 to 8 in animal feeding.

10. The use of claim 9 wherein the fed animals comprise livestock animals.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of livestock feed, in particular to a total mixed ration containing traditional Chinese medicine residues and preparation and application thereof.

Background

With the improvement of living standard, the consumption of mutton in China is increased year by year, and the gap of mutton yield in China is more than 30%. Therefore, the increasing market demand provides a huge development space for the mutton sheep breeding industry in China.

However, the traditional main production area of mutton sheep in north China has little production space because of grassland degeneration and environmental deterioration, and the south movement of mutton sheep is an important way for increasing the effective supply of mutton, which also provides unprecedented development opportunity for mutton sheep breeding industry in south China. The local farming area mutton sheep breeding variety is mainly local goats for a long time, the scale is small and scattered, the mutton sheep are bred in the local farming area in a free-ranging manner, the mutton sheep growth efficiency is low, and the ecological environment of mountain forests is damaged. Therefore, in order to protect the ecological environment and improve the feeding efficiency of the mutton sheep, the whole barn feeding is a necessary mode for the large-scale cultivation of the mutton sheep in the south. However, the southern agricultural area has more people and less land, and the fertile field is used for planting rice, only the marginal land of hills can be used for planting pasture, the mechanical cultivation difficulty is high, and the cultivation cost under the condition of whole barn feeding is high. Therefore, the development of grain-saving and green animal husbandry and the development of pure natural, green and environment-friendly feed resources are imperative.

Meanwhile, the discharge amount of the traditional Chinese medicine residues is huge every year, the discharge amount of the plant medicine residues is as high as 65 ten thousand tons, and a good recycling market is not formed. At present, the traditional Chinese medicine residue treatment mode mainly comprises accumulation, incineration and landfill, so that the resource waste is caused, and the serious environmental pollution problem is also caused. How to scientifically and effectively treat the Chinese medicine residues to make the Chinese medicine residues harmless, reduced and recycled becomes a problem to be solved urgently.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a total mixed ration containing traditional Chinese medicine residues and preparation and application thereof. The technical scheme provided by the invention can solve the problem of overhigh cost when sheep are raised in a house in the south, and simultaneously can solve the waste of waste Chinese medicine residues, thereby reducing the production cost of the micro-storage feed and improving the economic benefit of livestock breeding.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a total mixed ration containing traditional Chinese medicine residues, which comprises the following raw materials: traditional Chinese medicine residues, peanut vines, bean pulp, corn flour, corn vinasse protein feed, rumen bypass lysine and compound premix.

Preferably, the total mixed ration comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 3.60-3.96 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues, 2.40-2.64 parts of peanut vines, 0.81-0.95 part of soybean meal, 1.5-1.77 parts of corn flour, 1.01-1.19 parts of corn vinasse protein feed, 0.04-0.047 part of rumen bypass lysine and 0.04-0.047 part of compound premix.

Preferably, the traditional Chinese medicine residues and the peanut vines are wet substances; the soybean meal, the corn vinasse protein feed, the rumen bypass lysine and the compound premix are dry substances.

Preferably, the traditional Chinese medicine residues are nontoxic traditional Chinese medicine residues.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the total mixed ration, which comprises the following steps: mixing the raw materials to obtain a mixture; and (5) micro-storing the mixture to obtain the total mixed ration.

Preferably, the fermentation bacteria used in the micro-storage process comprise lactic acid bacteria, the dosage of the lactic acid bacteria is 0.5-1.0% of the weight of the raw materials, and the effective viable count of the lactic acid bacteria is not less than 5 × 10⁹CFU/g。

Preferably, the water content of the mixture in the micro-storage process is 60-65%.

Preferably, the fermentation temperature in the micro-storage process is (20,35 ℃) and the fermentation time is 10-15 days;

or

The fermentation temperature is less than or equal to 20 ℃, and the fermentation time is 15-20 days.

The invention also provides the application of the total mixed ration or the total mixed ration prepared by the preparation method in animal feeding.

Preferably, the fed animals include livestock.

The invention provides a total mixed ration containing traditional Chinese medicine residues.

According to the calculation, the content of crude protein (CP, g) in the total mixed ration provided by the invention is more than or equal to 52, and the digestion energy (DE, MJ) is more than or equal to 5.824. The cost of the total mixed ration provided by the application is about 1.7 yuan/d/sheep, the price of the ration in the conventional breeding is about 2.0 yuan/d/sheep, and the cost is reduced by more than 15%. The results of the examples show that when the total mixed ration provided by the invention is used for feeding Hu sheep, the average daily gain is 5.56% higher than that of a control group, the feed conversion ratio is reduced by 9.45%, the intramuscular fat content is 4.80% higher than that of the control group, and the immunoglobulin index is improved by more than 8.0%. The total mixed ration provided by the invention can effectively improve the daily gain and growth speed of livestock and poultry, reduce the morbidity and improve the quality of meat, thereby greatly reducing the production cost and improving the economic benefit.

Detailed Description

The invention provides a total mixed ration containing traditional Chinese medicine residues, which comprises the following raw materials: traditional Chinese medicine residues, peanut vines, bean pulp, corn flour, corn distillers' grain protein feed (corn DDGS), rumen bypass lysine and compound premix.

The total mixed ration provided by the invention preferably comprises 3.60-3.96 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues by mass, and more preferably 3.96 parts. In the invention, the traditional Chinese medicine residues are preferably the traditional Chinese medicine residues meeting the requirements of feed raw material catalogues, and are further preferably health-care traditional Chinese medicine residues produced in Jiangxi province; the residue is preferably wet material, and the water content of the residue is preferably less than or equal to 73 wt.%. The traditional Chinese medicine dregs used by the invention are rich in effective substances such as crude protein, crude fat, polysaccharide, organic acid, alkaloid, volatile oil and the like, so that the traditional Chinese medicine dregs have the effects of promoting growth, protecting health and the like on animals.

Based on the mass parts of the traditional Chinese medicine residues, the total mixed ration provided by the invention preferably comprises 2.40-2.64 parts of peanut vines, and further preferably 2.64 parts; the peanut vine is preferably a wet material, and the moisture content of the peanut vine is preferably less than or equal to 14 wt.%.

Based on the mass parts of the traditional Chinese medicine residues, the total mixed ration provided by the invention preferably comprises 0.81-0.95 parts of soybean meal, and more preferably 0.81 parts.

Based on the mass parts of the traditional Chinese medicine residues, the total mixed ration provided by the invention preferably comprises 1.5-1.77 parts of corn flour, and further preferably 1.5 parts of corn flour.

Based on the mass parts of the traditional Chinese medicine residues, the total mixed ration provided by the invention preferably comprises 1.01-1.19 parts of corn DDGS, and further preferably 1.01 parts of corn DDGS.

Based on the mass parts of the traditional Chinese medicine residues, the total mixed ration provided by the invention preferably comprises 0.04-0.047 parts of rumen bypass lysine, and more preferably 0.04 parts of rumen bypass lysine.

Based on the mass parts of the traditional Chinese medicine residues, the total mixed ration provided by the invention preferably comprises 0.04-0.047 parts of compound premix, and further preferably 0.04 parts of compound premix. In the invention, the compound premix is 4 percent of mutton sheep breeding premix produced by the Invitrogen corporation.

In the invention, the soybean meal, the corn vinasse protein feed, the rumen bypass lysine and the compound premix are calculated on the mass of dry matters.

In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, there is no particular requirement for the source of the starting materials for preparation, and those known in the art may be used.

The invention provides a preparation method of the full-mixed daily feed, which comprises the following steps: mixing the raw materials to obtain a mixture; and (5) micro-storing the mixture to obtain the total mixed ration.

The water content of the mixture obtained by the invention is preferably 60-65 wt.%. Although the herb residue and the peanut vine in the raw materials contain certain moisture, the moisture content of the herb residue and the peanut vine is up to 48.6 wt%, which is not beneficial to the micro-storage fermentation in the subsequent steps, so additional moisture is needed to keep the moisture content of the mixture.

In the present invention, the fermentation tubes used in the micro-storage preferably include lactic acid bacteria, and more preferably have a viable count of 5 × 10 or more⁹Lactic acid bacteria in CFU/g; the amount of lactic acid bacteria used is preferably 0.5 to 1%, more preferably 0.5% by weight of the raw material. The invention can effectively promote the process of micro-storage fermentation by using lactic acid bacteria.

In the present invention, the fermentation temperature during the micro-storage is preferably 35 ℃ or less; the fermentation time is preferably 10-15 days when the fermentation temperature is preferably (20, 35) DEG C in the micro-storage process, the fermentation time is preferably 15-20 days when the fermentation temperature is preferably less than or equal to 20 ℃, lactic acid bacteria in the micro-storage feed are used as dominant bacterial communities under the fermentation condition, the lactic acid generated in the fermentation process can inhibit the growth of mould, the feed can be effectively prevented from mildewing, the quality guarantee period of the feed is prolonged, and meanwhile, the micro-storage feed manufactured under the condition has the advantages of aromatic fermentation smell, full release of effective substances in raw materials and the like.

The invention also provides the application of the total mixed ration in the technical scheme in animal feeding; the selection of the animal species is more preferably livestock, and more preferably ruminants.

In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following examples are given to describe the total mixed ration and the preparation method and application thereof in detail, but they should not be construed as a prerequisite for the protection scope of the present invention.