阅读说明：本技术 一种便于去除兔皮肉里的处理方法 (Treatment method convenient for removing rabbit skin and meat ) 是由 刘强 李瑶 石佳博 张宗才 刘汉中 王颖 张凯 文斌 滕永亮 于 2020-05-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种便于去除兔皮肉里的处理方法,属于兔皮鞣制技术领域,包括以下步骤：S1.常温下,将兔皮进行浸泡,完全浸透回软至皮张回到鲜皮状态；S2.常温下,将经S1浸泡处理后的兔皮投入酸肿溶液中浸泡3-8h；S3.常温下,将经S2酸肿浸泡后的兔皮投入第一消肿溶液中浸泡16-20h；S4.30-35℃下,将经S3处理后的兔皮投入水中,再向水中加入脂肪酶；S5.常温下,将经S4处理后的兔皮投入第二消肿溶液中浸泡过夜。本发明的处理便于兔皮肉里的去除,且皮板强度无明显损失,减少了纯机械方法或人工方法的繁琐操作,操作方便,更适于工业化需求。(The invention discloses a processing method convenient for removing rabbit skin and meat, belonging to the technical field of rabbit skin tanning and comprising the following steps: s1, soaking rabbit skins at normal temperature, and completely soaking the rabbit skins to soften the rabbit skins until the skins return to a fresh skin state; s2, putting the rabbit skin soaked in the S1 into an acid swelling solution for soaking for 3-8 hours at normal temperature; s3, soaking the rabbit skin soaked in the acid swelling of S2 in the first swelling eliminating solution for 16-20 hours at normal temperature; s4, at the temperature of between 30 and 35 ℃, putting the rabbit skin treated by the S3 into water, and then adding lipase into the water; and S5, soaking the rabbit skin treated by the S4 into a second detumescence solution at normal temperature for one night. The processing of the invention is convenient for removing rabbit skin and meat, and the strength of the skin plate has no obvious loss, thereby reducing the complicated operation of a pure mechanical method or a manual method, having convenient operation and being more suitable for the industrialized demand.)

1. A treatment method for conveniently removing rabbit skins from rabbit meat is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, soaking rabbit skins at normal temperature, and completely soaking the rabbit skins to soften the rabbit skins until the skins are back to a fresh skin state, wherein the material-liquid ratio is 1: 20; wherein the soaking solution comprises 0.3-0.6mL/L of soaking aid, 0.1-30g/L of salt, 0.4-0.6mL/L of glutaraldehyde and 0.1-0.3mL/L of preservative;

s2, putting the rabbit skin soaked in the S1 into an acid swelling solution for soaking for 3-8 hours at normal temperature, wherein the material-liquid ratio is 1: 20; wherein, the acid solution comprises 0.7 to 0.8mL/L of sulfuric acid and 0.4 to 0.6g/L of sodium bisulfite;

s3, putting the rabbit skin soaked in the acid swelling of S2 into a first swelling reducing solution at normal temperature, and soaking for 16-20h, wherein the material-liquid ratio is 1: 20; wherein, the first detumescence solution comprises 3-7g/L of anhydrous sodium sulphate and 2-8g/L of salt;

s4, at the temperature of between 30 and 35 ℃, putting the rabbit skin treated by the S3 into water, wherein the material-liquid ratio is 1:20, adding 3 to 6g/L of lipase into the water, and soaking for 10 to 15 hours;

s5, soaking the rabbit skin treated by the S4 in a second detumescence solution at normal temperature for one night, wherein the material-liquid ratio is 1: 20; wherein the second detumescence solution comprises 3-6g/L of anhydrous sodium sulphate and 3-6g/L of salt.

2. The method for facilitating rabbit fur and rabbit meat removal of claim 1, wherein said soaking in S1 is performed for 30min, 5min and 55 min; repeating the above steps for 6 times and 5min, stopping for 55min, and stopping overnight.

3. The method for facilitating rabbit fur and rabbit meat removal of claim 1, wherein said soaking in S2 is performed for 30min, 5min and 55 min; repeating for 4 times, 5min, and 55 min.

4. The method for facilitating rabbit fur and rabbit meat removal of claim 1, wherein said soaking in S3 is performed for 30min, 5min and 55 min; repeating for 3 times, 5min, and 55 min.

5. The method for facilitating rabbit fur and rabbit meat removal of claim 1, wherein said soaking in S4 is performed for 30min, 5min and 55 min; the process is repeated for 8 times for 5min and stopped for 55 min.

6. The method for facilitating rabbit fur and rabbit meat removal of claim 1, wherein said soaking in S5 is performed for 30min, 5min and 55 min; repeating for 2 times, rotating for 5min, stopping for 55min, and stopping overnight.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the lipase is candida lipase.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of rabbit fur tanning, and particularly relates to a treatment method for conveniently removing rabbit fur and meat.

Background

Tanning is the process by which tanning agent molecules penetrate into the skin and bind to reactive groups of collagen molecules of the hide to change properties. Tanning makes cross-linking bond between collagen polypeptide chains of the skin, increases the stability of a collagen structure, improves the contraction temperature and the stability of moisture and heat resistance, and improves the capacity of resisting acid, alkali, enzyme and other chemicals. Hides are subjected to a series of preparatory steps of soaking, unhairing, liming, bating, pickling, etc., before tanning in the tanning, which leaves the hide predominantly with a web of fibres consisting of collagen, but not the leather. Tanning is generally carried out in a rotating drum.

In the tanning of fur, the raw materials are first softened to restore the fresh state and the components (subcutaneous tissue, connective tissue, meat residue, sarcolemma, etc.) unnecessary for the processing of fur are removed. The method comprises the following steps of soaking; the method is used for cutting the lining; and performing degreasing and washing. In the prior art, the lining is generally the fur after being softened by soaking, the inner side of the fur is upwards paved on a half-round wood, fat, residual meat and the like attached to the meat surface are scraped by an arched knife, and a layer of thick cloth can be paved on the round wood firstly when scraping in order to not damage hair roots. The paring is closely related to the next degreasing. Defatting is not favored if the residual fat is too high. The function of scraping the inner part by the bow-shaped knife is that residual fat in the skin rises to the surface of the skin by extrusion, which is beneficial to degreasing.

The method for removing the fur lining needs to use machinery or manpower to carry out complicated and tedious operations to completely remove the fur lining, wastes time and labor, and is not beneficial to industrial production.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to: aiming at the problems in the prior art, the processing method convenient for removing the rabbit skin and meat is provided.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a treatment method for facilitating the removal of rabbit skin and rabbit meat comprises the following steps:

s1, soaking rabbit skins at normal temperature, and completely soaking the rabbit skins to soften the rabbit skins until the skins are back to a fresh skin state, wherein the material-liquid ratio is 1: 20; wherein the soaking solution comprises 0.3-0.6mL/L of soaking aid, 0.1-30g/L of salt, 0.4-0.6mL/L of glutaraldehyde and 0.1-0.3mL/L of preservative;

s2, putting the rabbit skin soaked in the S1 into an acid swelling solution for soaking for 3-8 hours at normal temperature, wherein the material-liquid ratio is 1: 20; wherein, the acid solution comprises 0.7 to 0.8mL/L of sulfuric acid and 0.4 to 0.6g/L of sodium bisulfite;

s3, putting the rabbit skin soaked in the acid swelling of S2 into a first swelling reducing solution at normal temperature, and soaking for 16-20h, wherein the material-liquid ratio is 1: 20; wherein, the first detumescence solution comprises 3-7g/L of anhydrous sodium sulphate and 2-8g/L of salt;

s4, at the temperature of between 30 and 35 ℃, putting the rabbit skin treated by the S3 into water, wherein the material-liquid ratio is 1:20, adding 3 to 6g/L of lipase into the water, and soaking for 10 to 15 hours;

s5, soaking the rabbit skin treated by the S4 in a second detumescence solution at normal temperature for one night, wherein the material-liquid ratio is 1: 20; wherein the second detumescence solution comprises 3-6g/L of anhydrous sodium sulphate and 3-6g/L of salt.

Further, soaking in S1 in a rotary drum for 30min, rotating for 5min, and stopping for 55 min; repeating the above steps for 6 times and 5min, stopping for 55min, and stopping overnight. The solution in the rotary drum is uniform, the rabbit skin is uniformly distributed, and the rabbit skin is soaked overnight so that the rabbit skin is completely soaked and softened until the rabbit skin returns to a fresh skin state.

Further, soaking in S2 in a rotary drum for 30min, rotating for 5min, and stopping for 55 min; repeating for 4 times, 5min, and 55 min. The solution of acid swelling in the rotary drum is uniform, the rabbit skin is uniformly distributed, and the rabbit skin swells in meat after being soaked in the solution for a proper time.

Further, soaking in S3 in a rotary drum for 30min, rotating for 5min, and stopping for 55 min; repeating for 3 times, 5min, and 55 min. The solution in the rotary drum is uniform, the rabbit skin is uniformly distributed, and the rabbit skin slightly reduces swelling under the action of anhydrous sodium sulphate.

Further, soaking in S4 in a rotary drum for 30min, rotating for 5min, and stopping for 55 min; the process is repeated for 8 times for 5min and stopped for 55 min. The rabbit skins in the rotary drum are uniformly distributed, and the lipase uniformly acts on the rabbit skins, so that adipose tissues and the like between the skins and the meat of the rabbit skins are digested, and the rabbit skins are more beneficial to uncovering the skins.

Further, soaking in S5 in a rotary drum for 30min, rotating for 5min, and stopping for 55 min; repeating for 2 times, rotating for 5min, stopping for 55min, and stopping overnight. The solution in the rotary drum is uniform, the rabbit skin is uniformly distributed, and the rabbit skin is soaked overnight so that the rabbit skin can completely subside swelling under the action of anhydrous sodium sulphate.

Further, the lipase is candida lipase.

Further, the soaking aid is a soaking aid conventionally used in tanning processes.

In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the invention, the rabbit fur is soaked, under the auxiliary action of a soaking auxiliary agent and the like, the water is soaked into the rabbit fur, the rabbit fur is soaked overnight, the rabbit fur is completely soaked and softened until the fur is stretched back to a fresh fur state, and glutaraldehyde is added in the soaking process, so that the hair follicle can be slightly contracted, the hair root can be fastened, the hair fur is prevented from unhairing in the subsequent operation, and the method has important significance for keeping the fur quantity of the rabbit fur in the processing process and ensuring the attractiveness of a processed final product and difficulty in hair falling.

Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that other processes only soak water, so that swelling and swelling are avoided, a meat removing cutter is needed in meat removal in the conventional process, but hairy roots are extremely easy to hurt, and problems of skin plate hole breaking, skin plate thickness difference and the like are easily caused due to high operation difficulty; in addition, the swelling is most prohibited in the production process of the leathers, and the leathers are easy to reduce in strength due to excessive swelling, so that irreversible quality damage is caused, and therefore, the swelling method is dare to be tried in the conventional process.

The swelling is alkali swelling and acid swelling, but because the protection of fur needs to be considered in the processing of fur such as rabbit fur, the fur quilt can be damaged under the alkaline condition, and the fur quilt properties such as the luster and the uprightness of the fur quilt are influenced, so the method adopts the acid swelling. According to the invention, the rabbit fur is soaked in the mixed solution of sulfuric acid and sodium bisulfite, so that the rabbit fur is gradually swelled under the action of the acid solution, the rabbit fur is easy to uncover, the sulfuric acid and the sodium bisulfite do not damage the rabbit fur, the strength of a leather plate is not obviously lost in the swelling process, the fur is ensured to be soft, the strength of the obtained leather plate is high, and the damage to the fur is small.

In addition, the invention controls the acid swelling degree in a timing and quantitative manner, and performs the swelling reducing operation when the swelling end point is reached, only under the condition adopted by the invention, the meat lining and the skin plate can be separated and easily removed, and the strength of the skin plate is not reduced

According to the rabbit fur swelling reducing agent, the rabbit fur is subjected to preliminary swelling reduction through the first swelling reducing solution under the action of the high permeability of the anhydrous sodium sulphate, the swelling can relax and destroy the structure in the rabbit fur meat, the proper swelling reduction after the swelling is beneficial to the next process, namely the exposure of the rabbit fur collagen fibers is facilitated, and the fat among the rabbit fur collagen fibers is removed through adding the lipase, so that the fur is soft and good in elasticity, and the fastness and the thickness of the leather are not influenced; and finally, the fur is completely detumescence by using a second detumescence solution, when the rabbit fur is recovered to the original shape, the structure in the rabbit fur meat is loosened and damaged by acid swelling, and the fat between the collagen fibers is digested and damaged by lipase, so that the rabbit fur treated by the method can be easily uncovered and peeled off to remove the fur meat, if the subsequent manual operation is adopted, the working strength of the manual operation can be greatly reduced, if the subsequent mechanical equipment is adopted for cutting, the fur can be removed by simple one-step cutting without residue, and the fur is uniform after the fur is uncovered, and has no broken hole, no mechanical scratch and the like.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It is noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.