Straightening method for correcting unbalance of camshaft
阅读说明:本技术 用于对凸轮轴的不平衡进行校正的矫直方法 (Straightening method for correcting unbalance of camshaft ) 是由 马克·米勒 于 2018-08-31 设计创作,主要内容包括:本发明涉及一种用于对凸轮轴的不平衡进行校正的矫直方法。上述矫直方法包括,a)利用用于确定不平衡的测量装置(50)测量凸轮轴(10),并且b)借助于变形装置(20)向所述凸轮轴(10)的表面施加至少局部形成的塑性表面变形(30),由此校正所述凸轮轴(10)的不平衡。(The invention relates to a straightening method for correcting an imbalance of a camshaft. The straightening method comprises a) measuring the camshaft (10) with a measuring device (50) for determining the unbalance, and b) applying an at least locally formed plastic surface deformation (30) to the surface of the camshaft (10) by means of a deformation device (20), thereby correcting the unbalance of the camshaft (10).)
1. A straightening method for correcting an imbalance of a camshaft (10), the method comprising the steps of:
a) measuring the camshaft (10) with a measuring device (50) for determining the unbalance, and
b) at least partially formed plastic surface deformations (30) are applied to the surface of the camshaft (10) by means of a deformation device (20), whereby an imbalance of the camshaft (10) is corrected.
2. Straightening method according to claim 1, characterized in that the plastic surface deformation (30) is carried out with a needle device (22).
3. Straightening method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the camshaft (10) is measured again with the measuring device (50) for determining a continuous unbalance after the local plastic surface deformation (30) has been applied to the camshaft (10).
4. Straightening method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that further local plastic surface deformations (50) are applied to the camshaft (10) in order to correct a continuous imbalance of the camshaft (10).
5. Straightening method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actual axis of rotation of the camshaft (10) is determined by the measuring device (50) when measuring the camshaft (10).
6. Straightening method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, when measuring the camshaft (10), the measuring device (50) determines the suitable position on the camshaft (10) for the local surface deformation (30) and the stress required for correcting the unbalance of the camshaft (10).
7. Straightening method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the camshaft (10) is measured with a laser scanner.
8. Straightening method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the camshaft (10) is formed as a toothed camshaft (12), the local plastic surface deformation (30) being applied in the dedendum of the toothed camshaft (12).
9. Straightening method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the local surface deformation (30) is carried out by means of a shot peening process.
10. A method of using a needle device (22) for correcting imbalance of a camshaft (10).
11. A camshaft (10), the camshaft (10) comprising a local plastic surface deformation (30) caused by a needle device (22).
12. A camshaft (10) as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that the camshaft (10) comprises a toothed camshaft (12).
Technical Field
The invention relates to a straightening method for correcting an unbalance of a camshaft, in which the camshaft is measured with a measuring device to determine the unbalance and then the camshaft is machined with a deformation device, so that the unbalance of the camshaft is corrected. Furthermore, the invention relates to the use of the needle device for correcting an unbalance of a camshaft and a camshaft machined with the needle device.
Background
Camshafts are subjected to application-specific loads during various manufacturing and machining steps. Such machining steps may include machining, gear shaping, drilling, grinding or at least partially hardening. Through the individual machining steps, the camshaft sometimes experiences considerable shape deviations and must then be readjusted in order to reduce the shape deviations to tolerable levels.
Disclosure of Invention
The task of the invention is to provide an efficient straightening method which is neither cost-intensive nor time-consuming and which in addition meets the high requirements of straightening quality.
This object is solved according to the invention by a straightening method according to claim 1, by a needle device using the object of
Advantageous and appropriate designs of the smart straightening method are indicated in the dependent claims.
The invention is based on the idea of first measuring the camshaft with a measuring device to determine its unbalance. In a subsequent step, an at least locally formed plastic surface deformation is applied to the surface of the camshaft by means of a deformation device, so that an imbalance of the camshaft is corrected.
The advantage of the clever straightening method is that the exact unbalance of the camshaft can be determined by measurement. Due to the locally formed plastic surface deformation, a certain stress is applied to the circumference of the shaft. The voltage corrects the unbalance previously measured, thereby compensating for shape deviations of the camshaft with high alignment quality.
The camshaft is a machine component in the form of a lever to which at least one circular projection (cam) is attached. The shaft rotates on its own axis, which rotational motion is repeatedly converted into short longitudinal motion by the cam(s) mounted thereon. The camshaft is usually cast in one piece of cast iron or forged from steel. In certain applications, the camshaft is also referred to as a sliding camshaft or a gear shaft.
The measuring device is a measuring system adapted to perform a complete measurement of the camshaft. This requires, for example, geometric measurements, weight measurements and determination of the rotational properties. In addition, the measurement device may determine the location and level of stress to be applied to the surface of the shaft from the detected imbalance of the shaft, which may result in a correction of the detected imbalance. For example, the measuring device may comprise a laser scanner.
The deforming means is a means adapted to plastically deform the surface of the shaft. Thus, any object having a hardness higher than the hardness of the surface to be deformed is suitable for plastically influencing the microstructure on the surface. Due to the fact that the stresses to be applied in individual cases are limited to precisely defined locations on the surface of the shaft, the deformation device must be suitable for achieving plastic deformation with local limitations in the range of a few millimeters.
According to a preferred design, the plastic surface is deformed by the fact that the needle device is deformed. The needle device offers the possibility of plastic deformation at a precisely defined point. The resulting stresses correct the imbalance measured previously, so that deviations in the shape of the camshaft can be compensated for with a high alignment quality. Thus, accurate positioning can be achieved with relatively little effort and readily available technical means.
According to a further embodiment, after the local plastic surface deformation has been applied to the camshaft, the camshaft is measured again with the measuring device to determine the permanent imbalance. By means of a further measurement it can be checked whether the applied plastic deformation has in fact sufficiently corrected the imbalance.
After another design form, other localized plastic surface deformations are applied to the camshaft to correct for continued imbalance of the camshaft. This ensures that the required straightening quality is achieved by a new process with the forming apparatus.
In order to determine the specific shape deviations of the camshaft precisely, the actual axis of rotation of the camshaft is determined when the camshaft is measured with the measuring device. Thus, the actual axis of rotation is used to align with the actual desired axis of rotation.
According to a further preferred embodiment, when measuring the camshaft with the measuring device, a suitable position on the camshaft for local surface deformations and the necessary stresses for correcting an unbalance of the camshaft are determined. This has the technical advantage that the plastic surface deformation is only applied to the extent absolutely necessary to achieve straightening quality. In this way, the desired straightening quality is achieved very efficiently and reliably.
In order to be able to measure efficiently and to achieve as high a precision as possible, the camshaft is measured with a laser scanner.
According to a further embodiment, the camshaft is designed as a toothed camshaft, whereby local plastic surface deformations are applied in the tooth root of the camshaft. This has the technical advantage that, for example, even if the toothed camshaft is reground, the applied stresses can be prevented. Since the plastic deformation is arranged in the tooth root, the shape correction by grinding is still contained in the toothed camshaft.
According to a variant, the local surface deformation is carried out by shot peening. This enables plastic deformation to be imparted to the camshaft by the shot peening process. A prerequisite for this is that the particles used, which are sprayed onto the surface, have a sufficient hardness to cause the required plastic deformation.
With regard to the method of use of the needle device, this object is achieved by the features of
The smart use of such a needle device makes it possible to correct the unbalance of the camshaft. With similar advantages to those already explained in connection with the clever straightening method for correcting the unbalance of the camshaft.
With regard to the camshaft, this object is achieved by the subject matter of claim 11.
Such smart camshafts include localized plastic surface deformation caused by the needle device. Has similar advantages to those already associated with the smart straightening method for correcting the unbalance of the camshaft and when using the needle device for correcting the unbalance of the camshaft.
Drawings
The invention is explained in more detail below using design examples with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings. Shown in the drawings are:
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a camshaft having an imbalance;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a camshaft having an imbalance, in which plastic surface deformation is partially applied;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of a toothed camshaft with plastic surface deformation partially applied;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a toothed camshaft with sliding cams; and
fig. 5 shows a perspective view of a toothed camshaft with sliding cams.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a
Fig. 2 shows a schematic view of a
FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of a
The
Fig. 4 shows a schematic view of a
Fig. 5 shows a perspective view of the
List of reference numerals
10 camshaft
12 cam shaft with teeth
20 deforming device
22-needle device
30 surface deformation
40 sliding cam
50 measuring the device.
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