阅读说明：本技术 一种具有良好染色性能的腈纶纤维的制备方法 (Preparation method of acrylic fiber with good dyeing property ) 是由 陈全新 于 2019-12-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种具有良好染色性能的腈纶纤维的制备方法,首先将聚丙烯腈干粉溶解在溶剂中形成腈纶原液,然后加入交联剂二缩水甘油二醇醚,在加热条件下,缓慢加入氨基酸的盐酸溶液,得到纺丝液；然后经过纺丝、水洗、牵伸、上油、烘干和定型,即可得到具有良好染色性能的腈纶纤维。由于本发明中加入的氨基酸,精氨酸、天冬酰胺、谷氨酸或天冬氨酸均含有氨基和羧基,且分子式中不含苯环,为单纯的链式结构,反应后分子中的氨基和羧基更容易被保留；故本发明制备的腈纶纤维与天然植物染料具有非常好的反应效果,反应时不需要加热任何的化学添加剂,就可以达到良好的色牢度。(The invention discloses a preparation method of acrylic fiber with good dyeing property, which comprises the steps of firstly dissolving dry polyacrylonitrile powder in a solvent to form acrylic fiber stock solution, then adding a cross-linking agent of diglycidyl glycol ether, and slowly adding hydrochloric acid solution of amino acid under the heating condition to obtain spinning solution; then spinning, washing, drafting, oiling, drying and shaping are carried out, and the acrylic fiber with good dyeing property can be obtained. Because the added amino acid, arginine, asparagine, glutamic acid or aspartic acid all contain amino and carboxyl, and the molecular formula does not contain benzene ring, and is a simple chain structure, the amino and carboxyl in the molecule are easier to be reserved after the reaction; therefore, the acrylic fiber prepared by the invention has very good reaction effect with natural plant dye, and good color fastness can be achieved without heating any chemical additive during reaction.)

1. The preparation method of the acrylic fiber with good dyeing property is characterized by comprising the following steps:

A. preparing acrylic fiber stock solution: dissolving polyacrylonitrile dry powder in a solvent to form an acrylic fiber stock solution;

B. preparing an amino acid solution: dissolving amino acid in 0.2-0.5wt% hydrochloric acid, adjusting pH of the solution to 5-6, and stirring to dissolve completely to obtain amino acid solution;

C. and (3) crosslinking reaction: adding a cross-linking agent of diglycidyl glycol ether into the acrylic fiber stock solution, uniformly stirring, heating, keeping the temperature to 60-70 ℃, and slowly adding an amino acid solution within 40-60min to obtain a spinning solution;

D. spinning: heating the spinning solution to 82-90 ℃, extruding the heated spinning solution from a rectangular hole of a spinneret plate, and forming nascent fiber by double diffusion in a coagulating bath;

E. washing and drafting: washing the nascent fiber with water, drafting by a drafting machine,

F. oiling, drying and shaping: oiling, drying, curling, cutting and packing the washed and drafted tows at 65-70 ℃ to obtain the acrylic fibers.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step A, the molecular weight of the polyacrylonitrile dry powder is 60000-100000; the weight concentration of polyacrylonitrile in the acrylic fiber stock solution is 20-35%.

3. The method for preparing acrylic fiber with good dyeing property as claimed in claim 1, wherein in said step a, said solvent is any one of dimethylacetamide, dimethylformamide or dimethylsulfoxide.

4. The method for preparing acrylic fiber with good dyeing property as claimed in claim 1, wherein in said step B, the mass ratio of amino acid to hydrochloric acid solution is (0.5-2): 1.

5. the method for preparing acrylic fiber with good dyeing property as claimed in claim 1, wherein in said step B, said amino acid is any one of arginine, asparagine, glutamic acid or aspartic acid.

6. The method for preparing acrylic fiber with good dyeing property as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that in step C, the addition amount of the cross-linking agent diglycidyl glycol ether is 1-2% of the stock solution of acrylic fiber.

7. The method for preparing acrylic fiber with good dyeing property as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step E, the temperature of the water tank is 80-100 ℃ and the washing flow rate is 2500-.

8. The method for preparing acrylic fiber with good dyeing property as claimed in claim 1, wherein in said step E, the draft multiple of the draft machine is 1.5-1.8 times, and the speed is 15-25 m/min.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of textile fibers, in particular to a preparation method of acrylic fibers with good dyeing property.

Background

Acrylic fiber is an important raw material in the wool spinning industry, is also an important variety of synthetic fiber, and can be blended with wool, terylene, viscose and cotton to prepare various fine fabrics, artificial fur and industrial products.

Acrylic is the trade name of polyacrylonitrile in China, called "Orlon" and "kesenilon" abroad, and called Orlon by dupont in the united states. Second only to polyester and polyamide synthetic fiber varieties. It is soft, light, warm, corrosion resistant and light resistant wool-like short fiber. And has a density lower than wool. There is a name of artificial wool.

The dyeing property of the acrylic fabric is obviously improved after a small amount of other components are added; however, the prior acrylic fiber dyeing still mainly uses organic synthetic dyes, and the defects of low color fastness and the like still occur after the dyeing is carried out by adopting natural dyes, so that a preparation method of acrylic fibers with good dyeing performance needs to be researched, thereby improving the environmental protection property of the acrylic fiber dyeing process.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a preparation method of acrylic fiber with good dyeing property.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a preparation method of acrylic fiber with good dyeing property comprises the following steps:

A. preparing acrylic fiber stock solution: dissolving polyacrylonitrile dry powder in a solvent to form an acrylic fiber stock solution;

B. preparing an amino acid solution: dissolving amino acid in 0.2-0.5wt% hydrochloric acid, adjusting pH of the solution to 5-6, and stirring to dissolve completely to obtain amino acid solution;

C. and (3) crosslinking reaction: adding a cross-linking agent of diglycidyl glycol ether into the acrylic fiber stock solution, uniformly stirring, heating, keeping the temperature to 60-70 ℃, and slowly adding an amino acid solution within 40-60min to obtain a spinning solution;

D. spinning: heating the spinning solution to 82-90 ℃, extruding the heated spinning solution from a rectangular hole of a spinneret plate, and forming nascent fiber by double diffusion in a coagulating bath;

E. washing and drafting: washing the nascent fiber with water, drafting by a drafting machine,

F. oiling, drying and shaping: oiling, drying, curling, cutting and packing the washed and drafted tows at 65-70 ℃ to obtain the acrylic fibers.

Preferably, in the step a, the molecular weight of the polyacrylonitrile dry powder is 60000-100000; the weight concentration of polyacrylonitrile in the acrylic fiber stock solution is 20-35%.

Preferably, in the step a, the solvent is any one of dimethylacetamide, dimethylformamide or dimethyl sulfoxide.

Preferably, in the step B, the mass ratio of the amino acid to the hydrochloric acid solution is (0.5-2): 1.

preferably, in the step B, the amino acid is any one of arginine, asparagine, glutamic acid or aspartic acid.

Preferably, in the step C, the addition amount of the cross-linking agent diglycidyl glycol ether is 1-2% of the stock solution of the acrylic fiber.

Preferably, in the step E, the temperature of the water tank during water washing is 80-100 ℃, and the water washing flow rate is 2500-3000L/h.

Preferably, in the step E, the drafting multiple of the drafting machine is 1.5 to 1.8 times, and the speed is 15 to 25 m/min.

The invention has the advantages that: firstly, dissolving polyacrylonitrile dry powder in a solvent to form an acrylic fiber stock solution, then adding a cross-linking agent of diglycidyl glycol ether, and slowly adding an amino acid hydrochloric acid solution under a heating condition to obtain a spinning solution; then spinning, washing, drafting, oiling, drying and shaping are carried out, and the acrylic fiber with good dyeing property can be obtained.

Because the added amino acid, arginine, asparagine, glutamic acid or aspartic acid all contain amino and carboxyl, and the molecular formula does not contain benzene ring, and is a simple chain structure, the amino and carboxyl in the molecule are easier to be reserved after the reaction; therefore, the acrylic fiber prepared by the invention has very good reaction effect with natural plant dye, and good color fastness can be achieved without heating any chemical additive during reaction.

Detailed Description