阅读说明：本技术 一种不松脱并且可自动闭锁的单向螺母 (One-way nut capable of being locked automatically without loosening ) 是由 张连科 李妙真 于 2018-09-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种可自动闭锁并且不松脱的螺母,利用已知的机械轴承单向启闭原理,将钢珠装于螺母内的预设斜形槽内,再将弹性上盖安装组合成一体,弹性上盖将钢珠保持于螺母斜形槽内,并透空裸露约4/10的钢珠球体来与螺栓的牙谷三角面的上下2个点及螺母斜形槽侧壁1个点接触；当欲将螺母锁入螺栓时,能与现况使用螺母一样手感的将螺母右旋转入,此时弹性上盖中保持的钢珠球体会被螺栓驱赶后撤为自由滚动形态；螺母经转入后无法转出,因弹性上盖将钢珠常态性的推向螺母的斜形槽内侧壁碰触,钢珠被螺母斜形槽侧壁面及螺栓牙谷的2个牙斜面,共3个点反向逼锁紧闭；当需要将螺母取下时,则依现况使用习惯,按压并左旋螺母联动钢珠保持片来推离钢珠即可旋出。(A kind of nut that can be locked automatically and not loosen, utilize the known one-way principle of opening and close of mechanical bearing, install the steel ball in the preset inclined groove in the nut, and then assemble the combination into an organic whole elastically, the elastic upper cover keeps the steel ball in the inclined groove of nut, and expose about 4/10 steel ball spheroids to come into contact with upper and lower 2 points and 1 point of the inclined groove sidewall of nut of the triangular face of tooth valley of the bolt; when the nut is locked into the bolt, the nut can be rotated rightwards with the same hand feeling as the existing nut, and the steel ball body held in the elastic upper cover is driven by the bolt and then is withdrawn into a free rolling form; the nut can not be rotated out after being rotated in, and the steel ball is normally pushed to the inner side wall of the inclined groove of the nut to touch by the elastic upper cover, and the steel ball is reversely forced to be locked by 3 points by the side wall surface of the inclined groove of the nut and 2 tooth inclined surfaces of the thread valley of the bolt; when the nut needs to be taken down, the nut is pressed and the left-handed nut is linked with the steel ball retaining sheet to push away the steel ball according to the current use habit, and then the steel ball can be screwed out.)

1. A non-loosening and self-locking one-way nut is mainly characterized by comprising:

the one-way nut is provided with a one-way nut main body (4) with a steel ball locking inclined plane, an elastic upper cover (2) is arranged above the one-way nut main body, the elastic upper cover is provided with a steel ball elastic retaining sheet (2-1), and a steel ball body (2A) is arranged between the steel ball elastic retaining sheet and the locking inclined plane of the one-way nut main body.

2. The non-releasing and self-locking one-way nut as claimed in claim 1, wherein said member one-way nut body (4) is characterized by comprising:

the nut is provided with an internal thread (4-9) of a nut main body, a steel ball body movable groove (4-1) in the nut main body is arranged above the internal thread, the inner side wall of the movable groove is provided with a steel ball body locking function inclined plane (4-7), and an opening edge of the side wall of the adjacent inclined plane is provided with a steel ball body free rolling space (4-10).

3. A one-way nut locked by multi-point steel ball braking is mainly characterized by comprising:

the one-way nut is provided with a one-way nut main body (7) with a steel ball locking inclined plane, an elastic upper cover (6) is arranged above the one-way nut main body, the elastic upper cover is provided with 2-6 steel ball elastic retaining pieces which comprise steel ball elastic retaining pieces (6-1) -steel ball elastic retaining pieces (6-6), and steel ball spheres (6A) -steel ball spheres (6F) are arranged between the steel ball elastic retaining pieces and the locking inclined plane of the one-way nut main body.

4. The multi-point steel ball detent lockout one-way nut according to claim 3, wherein said member one-way nut body (7), is characterized by:

the nut is provided with a nut main body internal thread, 2-6 holes of a nut main body internal steel ball movable groove (7-1) -a steel ball movable groove (7-6) are arranged above the internal thread, the inner side wall of each movable groove is provided with a steel ball locking inclined plane (7-10), and an opening edge of the adjacent inclined plane side wall is provided with a steel ball free rolling space (7-11).

5. A double-row multi-point steel ball braking locking one-way nut is mainly characterized by comprising:

the one-way nut is provided with a one-way nut main body (9) with a steel ball locking inclined plane, an elastic upper cover (10) is arranged above the one-way nut main body, the elastic upper cover is provided with 2-6 steel ball elastic retaining pieces and comprises steel ball elastic retaining pieces (10-1) -steel ball elastic retaining pieces (10-6), and the upper part and the lower part of each steel ball elastic retaining piece and the locking inclined plane of the one-way nut main body are provided with steel ball bodies which are adjacent to each other.

6. The utility model provides a heavy load is with full circumference steel ball braking shutting one-way nut, the key feature includes:

a one-way nut body (11) with a steel ball locking inclined plane is arranged, an elastic upper cover (12) is arranged above the one-way nut body, the elastic upper cover is provided with a plurality of steel ball elastic retaining separation sheets (12-1, 12-2) and the like, the steel ball elastic retaining separation sheets are arranged into rings at the same angle around the central axis of the nut, and each pair of adjacent steel ball elastic retaining separation sheets is provided with a steel ball body (13).

7. The full circumference steel ball braking locking one-way nut for heavy load according to claim 6, wherein said member one-way nut body (11) mainly characterized by comprising:

the nut is provided with a nut main body internal thread, a steel ball body movable groove (11-1) which is arranged in the same angle surrounding the whole circumference is arranged above the internal thread, a steel ball locking inclined plane (11-2) is arranged on the inner side wall of the movable groove, and a steel ball free rolling space area (11-3) is arranged on the side wall opening edge of the adjacent inclined plane.

8. The full circumference steel ball braking locking one-way nut for heavy load according to claim 6, wherein the member elastic upper cover (12) mainly characterized by comprising:

an elastic unlocking plate flange (12-6) having a plurality of steel ball elastic holding spacers (12-1) and an elastic upper cover.

9. The elastic upper cover (12) of the full-circumference steel ball braking locking one-way nut for heavy load according to claim 8, the added features comprising:

an elastic upper cover (12), each side edge of the hexagon of the unidirectional nut is provided with a left-handed elastic unlocking plate (12-3), the middle area of each left-handed elastic unlocking plate is provided with an elastic sheet (12-4) for resetting the left-handed elastic unlocking plate, an elastic upper cover fastener (12-5) is additionally arranged below each left-handed elastic unlocking plate, the front edge of each left-handed elastic unlocking plate is provided with an elastic unlocking plate flange (12-6), the rear edge of each left-handed elastic unlocking plate is used as an action fulcrum (12-9) when the elastic upper cover is unscrewed to unlock and apply force, and the inner circle side is provided with a steel ball assembly auxiliary hole and a window observation hole (12-8).

10. A one-way locking method for rolling steel ball in screw teeth features that the spherical surface of steel ball is in 2-point contact with V-shaped slot on the tooth valley of screw teeth of screw bolt, and the thrust of elastic retainer of steel ball is used to make the steel ball contact with 1 point on the slope of the side wall of inclined slot in the moving slot of steel ball of one-way nut to form reverse locking and forward rolling.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a fastener application technology, which is simple and convenient to improve the characteristic that a nut is locked by using and is not easy to loosen, and the convenience and the existing habituation of use are considered.

The invention solves the problem that a single nut is often gradually loosened and dropped along with time after being locked into a common standard bolt by utilizing the sliding and locking principle of a mechanical one-way bearing introduced by the market for many years; the existing application is that an elastic washer or a double nut is added below the nut to be locked with each other, but the application and the operation are inconvenient because more than 2 elements are matched on the operation site.

Background

Conventional standard nuts on the market are widely used fasteners of a low cost and low technology body frame class, and the non-loosening nut is an intellectual property product of high unit price and high processing technology.

For example, the Chinese patent authorization publication number: CN 202468645U is another anti-drop lock nut, but it needs to have special size to match with the bolt.

For example, the Chinese patent authorization publication number: CN 205533706U is another anti-drop lock nut, cites 2 nuts and spring and realizes the shutting to the bolt.

Above-mentioned utility model anti-drop lock nut has possessed the mechanism function that prevents the nut pine and take off, has served the part demand in the society, but ignores the subconscious action of screwing up and twisting the pine nut that takes off to what people daily used to, so fail 100% to provide the life application that people facilitated and experience.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows:

this would be an astronomical number if at the various nut quantities required each year around the world; the key point of the invention is to provide a nut product which can be used in the same way as the existing screw and common nut to achieve the purposes of fast and effectively locking and preventing falling.

The invention provides a one-way nut which can not be loosened and can be automatically locked, for example, the application example shown in figure 1 is that a bolt under the standard M8 standard and a nut with the standard size standard are combined and matched through being designed into the nut which can be automatically locked and can not be loosened, the nut can be completed in the existing size standard in the prior art, and the nut can be suitable for the application of the existing tool and the habitual operation method.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

the invention refers to the locking principle of the technology, mainly 'mechanical one-way bearing'.

The invention is created as shown in FIG. 12: the enlarged diagram at the lower right part of the bicycle is that the arrangement of a steel ball sphere in a nut and a bolt tooth valley (a groove between screw teeth) is used for introducing common framework in life, such as a forward locking braking function of a bicycle rear wheel hub and a mechanical one-way transmission bearing principle of reverse sliding which are all owned by households; the nut is rotated rightwards and smoothly slides and turns in by applying a one-way braking principle, and the nut can complete braking locking by the reverse thrust given to the steel ball body by the elastic upper cover and the steel ball elastic retaining sheet or the steel ball elastic retaining separation sheet after rotating in place, so that the nut cannot be loosened leftwards; as shown in fig. 11: the nut is provided with a proper amount of steel ball balls, the steel ball balls are arranged at the opposite positions of the inner tooth hole of the nut, the inclined grooves and the side walls are provided with proper numbers, the steel ball is kept in the inclined groove of the nut through a steel ball elastic retaining sheet or a steel ball retaining separation sheet of the elastic upper cover, the steel ball balls which are exposed to about 4/10 are emptied to contact with the upper point and the lower point of a triangle of a V-shaped groove of a tooth valley of the bolt, and the other side of the steel ball balls is in point contact with 1 point of the side wall of the inclined groove of the nut, so that the nut is locked on the bolt in a reverse direction stably, and the purpose.

Furthermore, the invention can properly increase the thickness of the nut to meet the requirements of various applications in the market, so as to supplement the problem that the strength of the reinforced nut is possibly weakened due to the inclined groove.

Furthermore, in order to meet the requirements of various application locking strengths of the run-on-run sample sides in the market, the invention can be provided with the hexagonal nut inclined grooves, the corresponding elastic upper covers and 6 or 12 steel ball spheres (each steel ball retaining piece of the elastic upper covers can retain 1 steel ball sphere corresponding to 1 bolt tooth groove to make 3 point contact reverse locking, or 2 steel ball spheres corresponding to 2 bolt tooth grooves on the upper and lower sides to make 6 point contact reverse locking) as long as the space of the inner diameter of the nut tooth grooves allows.

Furthermore, in order to meet the locking requirement of heavier loads, as shown in fig. 17, a full-circumference ball unidirectional locking nut for heavy loads is provided, the number of balls of the ball for locking depends on the diameter of the bolt and the pitch of the bolt, and more locking contact points are provided, so that the locking efficiency is stronger.

In order to obtain the same customary application when placing the nut, as shown in fig. 5, 10 and 18, when the elastic upper cover is provided with the torsion flange 2-5 or the torsion flange 6-9 or the torsion flange 12-6, when the nut needs to be taken down and the locking is released, any corresponding two sides synchronously press downwards and rotate leftwards to rotationally push the elastic holding piece of the linked steel ball body under the elastic upper cover, and simultaneously push the steel ball body to be separated from the inclined contact point and enter the steel ball free rolling area in the inclined groove to release the locking form.

The invention uses hand to press left turn or tool spanner left turn to open nut, the principle and form of application are the same, when finger presses or tool spanner left turn to open nut, when pressing and twisting flange 2-5 or 6-9 or 12-6, because flange and nut outer hexagonal plane have a height difference, when pressing down, it has eccentric rotation torque relative to nut central axis, impels steel ball elastic keeping sheet left turn, thus less impels steel ball to push towards oblique groove face of locking, and drives towards reverse direction, lets steel ball break away from nut oblique groove face contact locking point, completes unlocking and left turn, repeats this action until taking off nut.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the one-way nut capable of being automatically locked can be used more conveniently; the nut can be manually rotated to enter the bolt and be locked at a position where the hand can tighten the nut in one direction like the common nut application, and a tool wrench can be used for tightening an anti-loosening locking object; or the one-way locking nut is screwed into any position by fingers or a tool wrench instead of screwing, so that the object can not be separated, and therefore, a wider application range can be obtained and convenience in work or life can be better provided.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings are specifically described and detailed descriptions are provided, which can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a combination of standard bolt and nut sizes for an auto-lock and non-release system according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a combination of standard bolt and upset nut dimensions according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an exploded schematic illustration of a standard bolt and the non-loosening and self-locking one-way nut assembly of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a diagram of a nut body of an automatically lockable one-way nut embodying the invention in metric M8.

Fig. 5 is a diagram of the resilient upper cover of the self-latchable one-way nut of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram of an embodiment of an automatically lockable one-way nut, according to the present invention, implemented in metric M24.

FIG. 7 is an exploded view of the assembly of the present invention in a metric M24 embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a detailed view of various components of the self-locking one-way nut of the present invention under the metric M24.

FIG. 9 is a schematic representation of the body and detail labels of a one-way nut according to the present invention, using metric M24 as an example.

FIG. 10 is a detailed illustration of the resilient top cover of the present invention in an embodiment of metric M24.

FIG. 11 is a front half-sectional view of an embodiment of the self-locking one-way nut of the present invention, in metric M24, showing the ball engaging the bolt threads.

Fig. 12 is a sectional view of the contact portion between the ball and the screw thread of the self-locking one-way nut of the present invention, which is made by metric M24, showing the principle structure of the ball rolling in the nut and the locking and braking.

FIG. 13 is a front half-sectional view of the rolling and locking portion of the double row ball and bolt threads of the present invention in accordance with the exemplary embodiment of the present invention as disclosed in metric M24.

FIG. 14 is a half-sectional view of the embodiment of the present invention, which is made in the manner of M24, showing the self-alignment of the ball balls in the single-direction nut body and the elastic top cover assembly with respect to the concealed bolt threads.

Fig. 15 is a half sectional view of the present invention, in which the steel ball body of the double row steel ball body is in a non-screwed state in the one-way nut body and the elastic upper cover assembly, the steel ball body is pushed down to the lower edge limit position by the steel ball elastic retaining piece of the elastic upper cover, using metric M24 as an embodiment.

FIG. 16 is a half-sectional view of the single direction nut body with the single direction nut body concealed and the two rows of ball balls aligned up and down on the bolt threads and the ball balls in the resilient top cover assembly with respect to the pitch of the bolt threads according to the embodiment of the present invention as disclosed in metric M24.

FIG. 17 is a schematic view of the assembled one-way nut with full circumference steel ball locking for heavy load of the present invention.

Fig. 18 is a diagram of the resilient upper cover of the heavy duty nut of the present invention.

Fig. 19 is a heavy duty one-way nut body according to the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a schematic top view of the steel ball assembled with the full circumference steel ball locking one-way nut for heavy load of the present invention.

The component number designations of the drawings are explained in further detail:

1 metric M8 bolt embodiment.

A 2 metric M8 nut.

2A steel ball 1.

2B ball body 2.

2-1 steel ball elastic holding piece (steel ball 1).

2-1A elastic holding piece, and steel balls in the inner ring contact the ring.

2-2 steel ball elastic holding pieces (steel balls 2).

2-2B elastic holding pieces, and steel balls in the inner ring contact the ring.

2-3 left-hand elastic unlocking plate.

2-4 elastic upper cover fastener, which can be fastened with the one-way nut body.

2-5 elastic unlocking plate flange (is a projection piece which is higher than the outer six sides of the nut and can produce torque force when being pressed down and aligned with the outer side of the nut, so that the steel ball elastic retaining piece can rotate at a small angle).

2-6 the elastic upper cover is unscrewed to release the action pivot when the locking force is applied.

3 one-way nut body with steel ball locking inclined plane (nut with metric M8 standard size specification, the one-way nut body of the invention with the same specification and size).

The 4 metric M8 gauge is a one-way nut body of increased thickness for reinforcement purposes.

4-1 a steel ball body movable groove in the one-way nut main body (steel ball body 1).

4-2, a steel ball body moving groove (a steel ball body 2) in the one-way nut main body.

4-3 the elastic upper cover is screwed open and the elastic upper cover is used for avoiding the groove.

4-4 resilient upper cover fastener grooves.

4-5 the one-way nut main body is screwed to the force application surface.

4-6 the elastic upper cover on the one-way nut main body is limited by the rotary protrusion.

4-7 steel ball body locking action inclined plane in the one-way nut main body.

4-8 steel ball body elastic retaining pieces in the one-way nut main body are in an avoiding space.

4-9 the one-way nut has internal screw thread.

4-10 free rolling space of the steel ball body in the one-way nut main body.

5 metric M24 bolt embodiment.

Contact point 1 of 5-1A bolt thread and 8A steel ball sphere.

5-2B bolt thread and 8A steel ball spheroid contact point 2.

A resilient upper cover of a 6 metric M24 nut embodiment.

6A steel ball 1.

6B ball 2.

6C ball body 3.

6D steel ball 4.

6E ball 5.

6F steel ball body 6.

6-1 steel ball elastic holding piece (steel ball 1).

The 6-1A steel ball elastic retaining piece is provided with an inner ring steel ball contact ring.

6-2 steel ball elastic holding pieces (steel balls 2).

6-3 steel ball elastic holding pieces (steel balls 3).

The 6-3C steel ball elastic retaining piece is provided with an inner ring steel ball contact ring.

6-4 steel ball elastic holding pieces (steel balls 4).

The 6-4D steel ball elastic retaining piece is provided with an inner ring steel ball contact ring.

6-5 steel ball elastic holding pieces (steel balls 5).

6-5E steel ball elastic retaining pieces, and steel balls in the inner ring contact the ring.

6-6 steel ball elastic holding pieces (steel balls 6).

6-6F steel ball elastic retaining pieces, and steel balls in the inner ring contact the ring.

6-7 elastic unlocking plate.

6-8 elastic upper cover fasteners which can be buckled with the one-way nut main body.

6-9 elastic unlocking plate flange (a protruding piece which is higher than the outer six sides of the nut and can generate torque force when being pressed down and aligned with the outer side of the nut, so that the steel ball elastic retaining piece can rotate at a small angle). 6-10 the elastic upper cover is rotatably protruded from the guide plate.

6-11 the elastic upper cover is unscrewed to release the action fulcrum when the locking force is applied.

The 7 metric M24 reinforced upset one-way nut body.

Contact locking point of 7-1A steel ball sphere 1 and inclined groove surface of nut

Contact locking point of 7-2B steel ball sphere 2 and nut inclined groove surface

Contact locking point of 7-3C steel ball sphere 3 and nut inclined groove surface

Contact locking point of 7-4D steel ball 4 and nut inclined groove surface

Contact locking point of 7-5E steel ball sphere 5 and inclined groove surface of nut

Contact locking point of 7-6F steel ball sphere 6 and nut inclined groove surface

7-1 the steel ball body 1 in the one-way nut main body is correspondingly provided with a movable groove (the steel ball body 1).

7-2 the steel ball body 2 in the one-way nut main body is correspondingly provided with a movable groove (the steel ball body 2).

7-3 the steel ball body 3 in the one-way nut main body is correspondingly provided with a movable groove (the steel ball body 3).

7-4 the steel ball body 4 in the one-way nut main body is correspondingly provided with a steel ball body 4.

7-5 the steel ball body 5 in the one-way nut main body is correspondingly provided with a movable groove (the steel ball body 5).

7-6 the steel ball body 6 in the one-way nut main body is correspondingly provided with a steel ball body 6.

7-7 elastic upper cover fastener grooves.

7-8 the elastic upper cover is screwed open and the elastic upper cover is used for avoiding the groove.

7-9 the one-way nut body is equipped with a groove for the convex plate of the elastic upper cover to guide and limit the rotation.

7-10 steel ball body locking function inclined plane in the one-way nut main body.

7-11 the steel ball body in the one-way nut main body is free rolling space.

8 steel ball bodies in a double-row steel ball locking mode.

The 8A steel ball body rolls along the thread valley and the thread pitch of the bolt.

The 8B steel ball body rolls along the thread valley and the thread pitch of the bolt.

9 a one-way nut body in the form of a double row of steel balls.

10 resilient upper cover in the form of double rows of steel balls.

The steel ball elastic retaining sheet of the 10W elastic upper cover has an inclination angle and has an elastic force for pushing the steel balls to concentrate towards the lower end.

The position size of the inner front edge of the steel ball elastic retaining sheet of the 10R elastic upper cover is smaller than the radius of a screw crest relative to the axis position, and when the screw bolt rotates to enter, the inner front edge of the steel ball elastic retaining sheet is jacked open by a preposed oblique guide angle, so that the outer side of the inner front edge presents elastic compression deviation and the limitation on a steel ball sphere is synchronously increased.

10-1 steel ball elastic holding piece and appointed inner front edge position.

The 10-1A steel ball elastic retaining piece is internally provided with a circular groove edge, the width of the circular groove edge is smaller than the diameter of the steel ball, and the circular groove edge is used for limiting the rolling displacement of the steel ball in a steel ball movable groove arranged on the inner side of the nut.

10-2 steel ball elastic holding pieces and the position of the specified inner front edge.

The 10-2B steel ball elastically keeps the edge of a circular groove hole in the sheet, the width of the circular groove hole is smaller than the diameter of the steel ball, and the circular groove hole is used for limiting the rolling displacement of the steel ball in a steel ball movable groove arranged on the inner side of the nut.

10-3 steel ball elastic holding pieces.

10-4 steel ball elastic holding pieces.

10-5 steel ball elastic holding pieces.

10-6 steel ball elastic holding pieces.

11 the one-way nut body of the one-way locking of full circumference steel ball for heavy load.

11-1 steel ball movable groove in full circle surrounding shape.

11-2, an inner side wall steel ball locking inclined plane (a contact point/contact surface of a steel ball and a nut lock) on the one-way nut.

11-3 free rolling space region (when the left-handed nut is reversed, the steel ball body is pushed out by 10-1, and the steel ball body can freely roll in the space).

12 full circumference steel ball elastic upper cover for heavy load.

12-1 the steel balls of the elastic upper cover elastically keep the separating sheet.

12-2 steel balls of the elastic upper cover elastically keep the separating sheet.

12-3 a left-hand elastic unlocking plate of the elastic upper cover.

12-4 nuts and an elastic sheet for resetting the left-handed elastic unlocking plate of the elastic upper cover.

12-5 elastic upper cover fastener which can be fastened with the one-way nut body.

12-6 elastic unlocking plate flange of elastic upper cover (is a projection piece which is higher than external six sides of nut, and when it is pressed down and aligned with external side of nut, it can produce torque force to make the steel ball elastically retain separation blade to make a small-angle rotation).

12-7 the resilient upper cover is rotatably protruded out of the guide plate.

12-8 steel ball body assembling auxiliary holes and window observing holes.

12-9 the elastic upper cover is unscrewed to release the action fulcrum when the locking force is applied.

13 steel ball spheres (full circle, 12 steel ball spheres in this embodiment are in synchronous limit mode).

13-1 schematic position of the steel ball when locked.

Detailed Description

A non-releasing and self-locking one-way nut, please refer to fig. 1: the invention provides a one-way nut which is suitable for being operated by hand rotation or common tool wrench and can be automatically locked on a metric M8 bolt 1 of the embodiment, comprising a one-way nut body 3, an upper combined elastic upper cover 2 (the embodiment is the standard specification of a common metric M8 nut); please refer to fig. 2: comprises a thickened one-way nut body 4 and an elastic upper cover 2 combined above; please refer to fig. 3: and steel ball spheres 2A and 2B arranged between the steel ball elastic retaining pieces 2-1 and 2-2 of the (one-way nut body 3 or the one-way nut body 4) and the elastic upper cover 2; please refer to fig. 4: the thickened one-way nut body 4 is provided with a movable groove 4-1 of a steel ball body 2A and a movable groove 4-2 of a steel ball body 2B, the inner side wall of the movable groove is provided with a locking inclined surface 4-7, when the nut is rotated into the bolt 1 by the right hand, the steel ball bodies 2A and 2B are brought into tooth valleys in a V-shaped groove of a thread 4-9 of the bolt 1 and form 2-point contact rolling friction (refer to contact point positions 5-1A and 5-2A shown in figure 14) with two side surfaces of the V-shaped groove and roll towards a free rolling space 4-10 of a left opening area, but when the nut stops or rotates leftwards, the steel ball bodies 2A and 2B are pushed back under the elastic limit of steel ball elastic retaining sheets 2-1 and 2-2 of the elastic upper cover, and stop after the steel balls 2A and 2B are in contact with the inner side wall of the movable groove formed at the original positions, at the moment, the steel ball bodies 2A and 2B and the inclined plane 4-7 with the locking function form point contact to form 3-point braking form locking, which is an important principle of the design theory of the invention, namely, the one-way nut which can not be loosened after being turned into a bolt and can be automatically locked at any position is formed.

The functional and physical dimensions of a self-locking one-way nut body and its upper elastic cover are as follows, please refer to fig. 4: the thickened one-way nut body 4 is provided with an elastic upper cover abdicating groove 4-3 for unscrewing of six sides of the outer side wall of the one-way nut body and an elastic upper cover fastener groove 4-4 below; please refer to fig. 5: the elastic upper cover abdicating groove 4-3 is matched with the elastic upper cover left-hand elastic unlocking plate 2-3, and the elastic upper cover fastener 2-4 is buckled with the elastic upper cover fastener groove 4-4 six surfaces, when in installation, the steel ball elastic retaining sheets 2-1 and 2-2 of the elastic upper cover are required to be aligned and are oppositely inserted and combined with the steel ball movable groove 4-1 and the steel ball movable groove 4-2, wherein the steel ball spheres 2A and 2B are in point contact with the steel ball contact rings 2-1A and 2-2B of the inner ring of the steel ball elastic retaining sheet for limiting, and the width of the steel ball contact ring is smaller than the diameter of the steel ball; in addition, the front edge of the left-hand elastic unlocking plate 2-3 of the elastic upper cover is provided with an elastic unlocking plate flange 2-5 which is a force application point when the automatic locking one-way nut is to be taken down, and the rear edge of the left-hand elastic unlocking plate 2-3 is provided with an action fulcrum 2-6 when the locking force is released by screwing; when the pressure is applied on the force application point of the elastic unlocking plate flange 2-5, because the nut main body at the inner side of the left-handed elastic unlocking plate 2-3 is the retreating elastic upper cover abdicating groove 4-3 for unscrewing (as can be clearly understood by referring to the upper cross section of figure 12), the action fulcrum 2-6 becomes the circumgyration central axis, when the elastic unlocking plate flange 2-5 at the two opposite sides of the one-way nut is pressed, a torque is formed with the central axis of the one-way nut, the elastic upper cover 2 makes a circumferential left-handed small angle displacement along the rotation convex limit 4-6 of the elastic upper cover on the one-way nut main body 4, and the steel ball bodies 2A and 2B limited by the steel ball elastic retaining pieces 2-1 and 2-2 are linked, so that the steel ball bodies are pushed to move leftwards to the open steel ball free rolling space 4-10 area by the locking action 4-7 point contact with the steel ball inclined plane, at the moment, partial materials of the steel ball elastic retaining pieces 2-1 and 2-2 enter the avoidance space 4-8, and the steel ball spheres 2A and 2B are still under the limit control of the steel ball elastic retaining pieces 2-1 and 2-2.

Preferably, a one-way nut is arranged as a multi-point steel ball brake lock, see fig. 6: the embodiment is a combination indication of a metric M24 bolt 5 and the one-way nut, the thread pitch is 3mm, the diameter of the steel ball body is set to be 2.85mm, and six steel ball bodies are arranged to be one-way brake components; please refer to fig. 7: an exploded front view of the assembled view of fig. 6, the component has a resilient top cover 6, ball bodies 6A, 6B, 6C, 6D, 6E, 6F, a one-way nut body 7 of the present invention, and a metric M24 bolt 5; please refer to fig. 8: the elastic upper cover 6 is provided with steel ball elastic retaining pieces 6-1, 6-2, 6-3, 6-4, 6-5, 6-6 which respectively correspond to the steel ball bodies 6A, 6B, 6C, 6D, 6E, 6F, and each steel ball 6A-6F is in 2-point contact with the inner ring steel ball contact ring 6-1A-6F at the outer ring side of each steel ball elastic retaining piece 6-1-6; please refer to fig. 9: the steel ball elastic holding pieces 6-1 to 6-6 need to be aligned and assembled with a steel ball body 1 movable groove 7-1 of a reinforced thickened one-way nut main body 7 and a steel ball body 6 movable groove 7-6 in a matching way, a groove rotating guide limit 7-9 for an elastic upper cover convex plate is arranged on the upper side surface of the one-way nut main body 7, the elastic upper cover rotating convex guide plate 6-10 shown in a standard figure 10 is used for driving the elastic unlocking plate 6-7 to rotate left along an action fulcrum 6-11 defined by the groove rotating guide limit 7-9 and the rotating convex guide plate 6-10 when the elastic upper cover on the rear edge side is unscrewed to release locking force application when the elastic unlocking plate flange 6-9 applies force, all steel ball bodies are linked to enter a free rolling space 7-11, and the aim of releasing the steel ball locking action inclined plane 7-10 formed by the point contact of the steel ball bodies 6A to 6E with the steel ball bodies 6A to 6E is achieved The locked configuration of (a); in addition, when the elastic upper cover 6 is combined with the one-way nut main body 7, the elastic upper cover fastener 6-8 is buckled and assembled with the elastic upper cover fastener groove 7-7 of the one-way nut main body 7; please refer to fig. 11: the steel ball sphere 6A and the opposite 6D can be clearly seen to follow the thread valley V-shaped groove of the bolt 5 through the front half section A-A, the steel ball and the V-shaped groove are in point contact with each other at 2 points, the steel ball sphere 6A is limited by an inner ring steel ball contact ring 6-1A of the steel ball elastic retaining sheet, the steel ball elastic retaining sheet 6-1 with an elastic inclination angle is in contact with the top of a bolt crest, and the traction force of the steel ball elastic retaining sheet on the steel ball is strengthened; referring again to fig. 12: the association of the relative action of the screw teeth and the respective steel balls and the operation space of the elastic upper cover 6 and the one-way nut body 7 in the unlocking function can be more clearly understood through the upper section B-B (about 6A steel ball half-section position).

Still preferably, a one-way nut is arranged as a double-row multi-point steel ball brake, please refer to fig. 13: the double-row steel ball braking is set for pursuing higher locking braking force, namely the anti-loosening force of the nut, for example, as shown in the figure, the half-section C-C steel ball balls 8A and 8B run in the thread tooth valley V-shaped groove form of the bolt 5, and the running logic principle is the same as the description contents of the previous embodiments [0055], [0056] and [0057 ]; please refer to fig. 14 and fig. 15: FIG. 14 is a view showing a bolt hidden, in which a pair of rows of ball bodies 8A and 8B are arranged to be separated into respective valley V-shaped grooves to be rolled in accordance with the inter-pitch valley of the bolt 5, the contact points of the ball bodies 8A with the inter-pitch valley V-shaped grooves of the bolt 5 are 5-1A and 5-2A in a 2-point contact form, and further, when viewing FIG. 15 is a view showing no bolt 5, in which the ball bodies are in a close contact form, because the ball elastic holding piece of the elastic upper cover surrounding the center axis of the nut is inclined at an angle of 10W, an elastic force for urging the ball toward the lower end is provided, and the distance between the position 10-1 of the inner side of the ball elastic holding piece and the center axis of the nut is smaller than the radius of the bolt, so that the ball bodies 8A and 8B are in a relatively free space rolling region having an inclination angle at the positions under the ball elastic holding piece and the ball 8B before, therefore, the bolt with the steel balls concentrated on the lower part enters the position area of the starting point to be used as the previous position (sliding into the V-shaped thread groove) before the next right-handed rotation of the bolt for preparation; comparing with fig. 16, fig. 16 is a hidden diagram of the one-way nut 9, and it can be seen that the steel ball is attached to the inter-pitch valley V-shaped groove of the bolt, wherein the steel ball elastic retaining pieces 10-1 and 10-2 of the elastic upper cover 10-6 of the steel ball elastic retaining pieces 10-6, the inner side circular groove edges 10-1A and 10-2B are smaller than the diameter of the steel ball, and the width is smaller than the diameter of the steel ball, so as to contact the bolt thread through the steel ball near 4/10, and to limit the rolling displacement of the steel ball in the steel ball movable groove arranged at the inner side of the nut.

More preferably, a full circumference steel ball braking locking one-way nut for heavy load is a multi-steel ball braking one-way nut arranged around the full circumference of the bolt thread, please refer to fig. 17: comprises a one-way nut body 11, an elastic upper cover 12 and a steel ball body 13 which is arranged in a full circle; please refer to fig. 18, 19, 20: the one-way nut body 11 has a full-circle surrounding steel ball body movable groove 11-1 on one side, a plurality of inner side wall steel ball locking inclined planes 11-2 are arranged in the movable groove, and free rolling space areas 11-3 with the same number as the locking inclined planes are arranged in the movable groove; a plurality of steel ball elastic maintaining separation sheets 12-1, 12-2 and the like are arranged below the elastic upper cover 12, the compartment size of 12-1 and 12-2 is smaller than the diameter size of the steel balls, the arrangement quantity of the steel ball elastic maintaining separation sheets is determined according to the diameter of a matched bolt, the larger the diameter of the bolt is, the larger the distribution number of the steel ball elastic maintaining separation sheets is, otherwise, the smaller the diameter of the bolt is, the smaller the distribution number of the steel ball elastic maintaining separation sheets is, the calculation is needed according to the circumference of the diameter of the bolt, the center point of a steel ball sphere of the steel ball elastic maintaining separation sheet surrounding the inner hole of the central axis of the nut runs outside between the steel ball elastic maintaining separation sheets, and the running logic principle is the same as that of each description item of the specific embodiment; the left-handed elastic unlocking plate 12-3 with an elastic upper cover is flush with the sides of the hexagonal surface at the outer side of the nut, is used as a connecting component which extends out to be combined with the unidirectional nut body 11 into a whole and is used as an elastic restoring force source after being pressed, an elastic sheet 12-4 for resetting the left-handed elastic unlocking plate is used as a component for increasing the elastic force of the resetting resilience after being pressed and unlocked in the left-handed mode, an elastic upper cover fastener 12-5 at the lower part is an elastic hooking component which combines the elastic upper cover 12 with the unidirectional nut body 11, an elastic unlocking plate flange 12-6 is a force application pressing point of a left-handed rotating nut, the rotating torque force and an action fulcrum 12-9 when the locking force application is released form a torque after being pressed, the torque is limited according to the rotating guide of the rotating convex guide plate 12-7 and the groove on the nut, and the aim of the rotation according to the central axis of, and the upper part is provided with a steel ball body assembly auxiliary hole and a window observation hole 12-8 to assist the feedback of sensing signals when the automatic production equipment is assembled; as shown in fig. 20: the arrangement of the steel ball bodies on the whole circumference of the bolt can be seen as an upper view section D-D, so that a plurality of locking points are added, and the reverse loosening resistance is equivalently increased.

More specifically, in order to integrate the above embodiments, the design of the one-way nut needs to consider and calculate the pitch of the bolt, the diameter of the ball body of the steel ball needs to be designed to be equal to or less than the pitch of the bolt, which is about 0.9 to 1.0 times of the pitch, i.e., the diameter of the steel ball is preferably 1.15mm to 1.2mm when the pitch of the bolt is 1.25mm, and the diameter of the steel ball is preferably 2.8mm to 2.9mm when the pitch of the bolt is 3mm, so that the steel ball elastic retaining piece or the steel ball elastic retaining spacer can effectively control the range of locking and unlocking the ball body of the steel ball, and the design is the actual measurement application data of the 60-degree screw thread of the standard.