Cervical auxiliary dilator made of sponge material
阅读说明：本技术 一种海绵材质的子宫颈辅助扩张器 (Cervical auxiliary dilator made of sponge material ) 是由 吴剑 田翔 于 2019-12-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种海绵材质的子宫颈辅助扩张器,该扩张器由吸水膨胀性能的海绵条挤压成型得到,包括夹持部、主体部和弧形部,该弧形部远离夹持部一端向上呈15-20o倾斜,其中海绵条的制备方法如下：S1、将聚乙烯醇溶于水中得到聚乙烯醇水溶液；S2、在聚乙烯醇水溶液中加入催化剂和交联剂,搅拌反应15-25min；S3、加入多孔淀粉,反应15-20min,固化,得到止血海绵,然后对止血海绵进行裁切得到海绵条,其中,多孔淀粉为质量比为(1-1.5):1的土豆淀粉和木薯淀粉糊化得到。本发明具有可以将海绵条挤压成型得到使用起来更加方便、减轻受术者痛苦、而且也不会引起感染的子宫颈辅助扩张器,解决了现有扩宫棒使用起来容易引起疼痛刺激,还会引起交叉感染的问题。(The invention relates to a sponge cervical auxiliary dilator, which is obtained by extrusion molding of sponge strips with water absorption and expansion performance and comprises a clamping part, a main body part and an arc part, wherein one end of the arc part, far away from the clamping part, is inclined upwards at an angle of 15-20 degrees, and the preparation method of the sponge strips comprises the following steps: s1, dissolving polyvinyl alcohol in water to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution; s2, adding a catalyst and a cross-linking agent into the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, and stirring to react for 15-25 min; s3, adding porous starch, reacting for 15-20min, solidifying to obtain hemostatic sponge, and cutting the hemostatic sponge to obtain sponge strips, wherein the porous starch is obtained by gelatinizing potato starch and tapioca starch in a mass ratio of (1-1.5): 1. The cervical auxiliary dilator can extrude and form the sponge strips to obtain the cervical auxiliary dilator which is more convenient to use, relieves the pain of a patient, does not cause infection, and solves the problems that the existing uterine dilating rod is easy to cause pain stimulation and cross infection when in use.)
1. The utility model provides a cervix auxiliary dilator of sponge material which characterized in that: the dilator is obtained by extrusion forming of a sponge strip with water absorption and expansion performance and comprises a clamping part (3), a main body part (2) and an arc-shaped part (1), wherein one end, far away from the clamping part (3), of the arc-shaped part (1) is inclined upwards at an angle of 15-20 degrees.
2. The cervical dilator of claim 1, wherein: the clamping part (3) is far away from the arc-shaped part (1) and is provided with a through hole, and a rope is arranged at the pupil.
3. The cervical dilator made of sponge material according to claim 1, wherein: the side surface of the main body part (2) is provided with a scale groove.
4. The cervical dilator made of sponge material according to claim 1, wherein: the upper end face and the lower end face of the clamping part (3) are provided with a plurality of bulges to form strip-shaped indentations.
5. The cervical dilator made of sponge material according to claim 1, wherein: the preparation method of the sponge strip comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing materials, namely dissolving polyvinyl alcohol in water to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution;
s2, adding a catalyst and a cross-linking agent into the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, and stirring and reacting for 15-25min at the temperature of 60-65 ℃ and the rotating speed of 800-1000 rpm;
s3, adding porous starch, reacting for 15-20min, solidifying to obtain hemostatic sponge, and cutting the hemostatic sponge to obtain sponge strips, wherein the porous starch is obtained by gelatinizing potato starch and tapioca starch in a mass ratio of (1-1.5): 1.
6. The cervical dilator of claim 5, wherein the porous starch is prepared by the following steps of S3:
mixing cassava starch and potato starch with water, heating and stirring at 70-75 ℃, gelatinizing for 50-70min, cooling, pre-freezing at (-45) ~ (-35) ° C for 6-8h after cooling to room temperature, and freeze-drying under the conditions of: the freezing time is 24-36h, the freezing temperature is-60 ℃, and the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 10 Pa.
7. The cervical dilator of claim 5, wherein: the specific operation of step S1 is: dissolving polyvinyl alcohol in water at the temperature of 40-50 ℃, heating to 65-75 ℃ to form a stable polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, wherein the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol to the water is 1: (10-12).
8. The cervical dilator of claim 5, wherein: in step S2, the addition amount of the cross-linking agent is 45-50% of the mass of the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, and the addition amount of the catalyst is 2-4% of the mass of the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution.
9. The cervical dilator made of sponge material according to claim 6, wherein: in the step S3, the mass ratio of water to the cassava starch to the potato starch in the preparation process of the porous starch is (10-12) to 1;
the mass ratio of the porous starch to the polyvinyl alcohol is (0.1-0.2): 1, the reaction temperature after adding the porous starch is 60-70 ℃, the curing temperature is 35-45 ℃, and the curing time is 20-40 h.
10. The cervical dilator of claim 5, wherein: the catalyst is selected from one or more of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid or acetic acid;
the cross-linking agent is selected from one or more of formaldehyde, glyoxal, butyraldehyde, glutaraldehyde, polyaldehyde, epichlorohydrin, citric acid and borax, and is preferably formaldehyde or/and glyoxal.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical auxiliary instruments, in particular to a cervix auxiliary dilator made of a sponge material.
Background
The cervical dilating rod is a medical appliance for gynecological operations or physical examination, and is widely used clinically. In the childbirth and abortion operation, the cervical dilator can effectively dilate and soften the cervical canal, shorten the operation time and protect the cervix and the fetus of a patient. In addition, in the diagnosis and treatment of gynecological diseases, various endoscopes, treatment equipment and medicines are required to be introduced, and the cervical orifice is required to be expanded. In conclusion, the cervical dilating rod is indispensable in gynecological operations or physical examinations.
The cervical dilatation devices which are clinically used at present are mainly divided into the following 4 types: 1) the metal or injection molding rod body is divided into different types and directly expanded; 2) the progressive dilator has no difference from the first dilator in principle, and only different models are manufactured on the same rod body, so that the models are gradually increased; 3) the air bag or the water injection type dilator gradually enlarges the cervical orifice by utilizing inflation or water injection; 4) a disposable painless dilating stick mainly comprises a achyranthes bidentata stick or a dilating stick which is made of a plurality of materials and can be dilated by absorbing water. The first two are most used and most traditional, and blunt dilatation can bring great pain to patients, prolong operation time, easily cause secondary injuries such as cervical injury, embryo injury and the like, and can easily cause cross infection due to sterilization and disinfection problems after repeated use. The third type of dilator, while somewhat addressing the discomfort, is cumbersome to manipulate and may inadvertently rupture the balloon when used. In the fourth method, the achyranthes bidentata stick is difficult to take materials and the problem of sterilization is difficult to solve, so that the clinical use is less, and therefore, the dilator which is simple in structure, more convenient to use, capable of relieving the pain of a patient and free of infection is required to be provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cervix auxiliary dilator made of sponge materials, which has the advantages of simple structure, more convenient use, alleviation of the pain of a patient and no infection, and is made of the sponge materials.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: a cervix auxiliary dilator made of sponge materials is obtained by extrusion molding of sponge strips with water absorption and expansion performance and comprises a clamping part, a main body part and an arc-shaped part, wherein one end of the arc-shaped part, which is far away from the clamping part, upwards inclines by 15-20 degrees.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, this expander adopts the sponge strip extrusion that the sponge material that has water swelling performance made, exists with the expander form of extrusion when preserving storage and transportation, in the use, directly is used for the cervix dilatation, and the water swelling plays the effect of cervix dilatation, can alleviate when the operation and receive the operation person misery, can regard as disposable expander to use moreover, can not arouse the infection, and is more convenient when using moreover. The end of the arc-shaped part of the dilator, which is far away from the clamping part, is inclined upwards by 15-20 degrees, so that the dilator is more in line with the design of human engineering, further reduces the uncomfortable feeling and relieves the pain of a patient.
The invention is further configured to: the clamping part is far away from the arc part and is provided with a through hole in a penetrating way, and a cotton rope is arranged at the through hole.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the setting of cotton rope makes things convenient for the expander to use the taking out after accomplishing more.
The invention is further configured to: the side surface of the main body part is provided with a scale groove.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the setting of recess mainly plays the effect of scale mark.
The invention is further configured to: the upper end face and the lower end face of the clamping part are provided with a plurality of bulges to form strip-shaped indentations.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, so set up the centre gripping of clamping part more be favorable to operating forceps.
The invention is further configured to: the preparation method of the sponge strip comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing materials, namely dissolving polyvinyl alcohol in water to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution;
s2, adding a catalyst and a cross-linking agent into the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, and stirring and reacting for 15-25min at the temperature of 60-65 ℃ and the rotating speed of 800-1000 rpm;
s3, adding porous starch, reacting for 15-20min, solidifying to obtain hemostatic sponge, and cutting the hemostatic sponge to obtain sponge strips, wherein the porous starch is obtained by gelatinizing potato starch and tapioca starch in a mass ratio of (1-1.5): 1.
According to the technical scheme, when the polyvinyl alcohol is used for manufacturing the medical sponge, the liquid absorption performance is excellent, the surface is very soft when the polyvinyl alcohol is in contact with a human body, and the polyvinyl alcohol can be completely and naturally degraded. In addition, the raw materials of the porous starch are potato starch and tapioca starch, the potato starch has strong water absorption performance, the water retention property of the tapioca starch is excellent, the potato starch and the tapioca starch are pasted and applied to the sponge, the liquid absorption performance of the sponge is improved, the moisture retention performance of the sponge is enhanced, the defect that the polyvinyl alcohol sponge is easy to dry and harden at the same time is overcome, the sponge is more suitable for being applied to the dilator for dilating the cervix by utilizing the water absorption expansion performance, the polyvinyl alcohol sponge is not suitable for bacterial growth and has a bacteriostatic action to a certain degree, so that the final sponge strip applied to the dilation of the cervix not only has excellent liquid absorption performance and is more favorable for dilation, the pain of a patient can be relieved by utilizing the soft contact between the sponge strip and a human body after water absorption, and the infection risk of the patient is. The preparation method of the sponge strip has simple process, adopts a specific feeding reaction sequence, and adds the porous starch after the polyvinyl alcohol is crosslinked to a certain degree, so that the porous starch can fully participate in the crosslinking reaction, the falling-off condition of excessive porous starch in the obtained sponge strip can not be caused, the water absorption rate, the moisture retention rate, the humidity mechanical property and other properties of the sponge strip are ensured, and the excellent expansion effect is achieved.
The invention is further configured to: the preparation method of the porous starch in the step S3 is as follows:
mixing cassava starch and potato starch with water, heating and stirring at 70-75 ℃, gelatinizing for 50-70min, cooling, pre-freezing at (-45) ~ (-35) ° C for 6-8h after cooling to room temperature, and freeze-drying under the conditions of: the freezing time is 24-36h, the freezing temperature is-60 ℃, and the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 10 Pa.
By adopting the technical scheme, the porous starch is prepared by adopting a freeze drying method, liquid water in the starch is solidified into solid ice, materials are separated, the generated ice is directly sublimated into gas under a vacuum condition, so that the water is removed from the system, the space occupied by the original ice is formed into a pore channel in the sponge, the porous starch is obtained, in the process, the water content in the system determines the total volume of the pore channel in the sponge, the water absorption rate of the final sponge strip is influenced, a large number of tests are carried out by an inventor, the water absorption performance and the water retention performance in the whole starch system are changed by adjusting the content of potato starch and corn starch, and the sponge strip with good water absorption rate is finally obtained by combining with the control on pre-freezing, so that the sponge strip is more favorable for cervix dilatation.
The invention is further configured to: the specific operation of step S1 is: dissolving polyvinyl alcohol in water at the temperature of 40-50 ℃, heating to 65-75 ℃ to form a stable polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, wherein the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol to the water is 1: (10-12).
The invention is further configured to: in the step S2, the addition amount of the cross-linking agent is 45-50% of the mass of the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, the addition amount of the catalyst is 2-4% of the mass of the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, and the reaction temperature in the step S2 is 60-65 ℃.
The invention is further configured to: in the step S3, the mass ratio of water to the cassava starch to the potato starch in the preparation process of the porous starch is (10-12) to 1;
the mass ratio of the porous starch to the polyvinyl alcohol is (0.1-0.2): 1, the reaction temperature after adding the porous starch is 60-70 ℃, the curing temperature is 35-45 ℃, and the curing time is 20-40 h.
The invention is further configured to: the catalyst is selected from one or more of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid or acetic acid, preferably sulfuric acid;
the cross-linking agent is selected from one or more of formaldehyde, glyoxal, butyraldehyde, glutaraldehyde, polyaldehyde, epichlorohydrin, citric acid and borax, and is preferably formaldehyde or/and glyoxal.
In conclusion, the beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the dilator adopts the sponge strip made of sponge material with water-absorbing expansion performance to extrude and form the extruded dilator during storage and transportation, and is directly used for cervical dilatation when in use, the water-absorbing expansion plays a role in cervical dilatation, the pain of a patient can be relieved during operation, and the dilator can be used as a disposable dilator, cannot cause infection, and is more convenient to use;
2. in the invention, one end of the arc-shaped part of the dilator, which is far away from the clamping part, is inclined upwards by 15-20 degrees, so that the design of the dilator is more in line with the ergonomics, and the pain of a patient is further relieved.
3. The grooves mainly play a role in scale marking;
4. according to the invention, the sponge strip with a porous structure is obtained by crosslinking the porous starch and the polyvinyl alcohol, so that the porous structure of the sponge strip is further improved, and the liquid absorption performance of the sponge strip is further improved, therefore, when the dilator made of the sponge strip is used for cervical dilatation, on one hand, the dilator has better water absorption and expansion performance and is favorable for dilatation, and on the other hand, the dilator is soft when being in contact with a human body, so that the pain of a patient can be relieved;
5. according to the invention, the porous starch takes the cassava starch and the potato starch as raw materials, the potato starch has strong water absorption performance and excellent water retention property, the potato starch and the cassava starch are pasted and applied to the sponge, so that the liquid absorption performance is improved, the moisture retention performance of the sponge is enhanced, the defect that the polyvinyl alcohol sponge is easy to dry and harden at the same time is improved, and the porous starch is more suitable for being applied to the dilator for dilating cervix by utilizing the water absorption expansion performance;
6. the polyvinyl alcohol sponge is not suitable for bacterial growth and has a bacteriostatic action to a certain extent, so that the final sponge strip has excellent liquid absorption performance when being applied to cervical dilatation, and the bacteriostatic action of the sponge strip reduces the infection risk of patients.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, an arc part; 2. a main body portion; 3. a clamping portion.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the cervix auxiliary dilator made of sponge material is obtained by extrusion molding of a sponge strip with water absorption and expansion performance, and comprises a clamping part 3, a
The end of the arc part 1 far away from the clamping part 3 is inclined upwards by 15-20 degrees, so that the design more accords with the human engineering is arranged, and the pain of a patient is further relieved.
Further, the side of the
The dilator is formed by extruding the sponge strip in a mould, can be formed by extruding through a pneumatic mould provided by the invention name of 'a novel pneumatic mould for producing the cervical auxiliary dilator' filed on the same day by the applicant, and can also be formed by extruding through other moulds.
The dilator provided by the invention is mainly used for dilating cervix uteri by utilizing the water absorption expansion performance of the dilator, so the liquid absorption performance of the sponge strip as a raw material and the softness performance of the sponge strip when the dilator is contacted with a human body are very important, and based on the fact, the invention also provides a preparation method of the sponge strip, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing materials, namely dissolving polyvinyl alcohol in water of 40-50 ℃, heating to 65-75 ℃ to form a stable polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, wherein the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol to the water is 1: (10-12);
s2, adding a catalyst and a cross-linking agent into the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, and reacting for 15-25min under stirring at 60-65 ℃ and at the rotating speed of 1000rpm (800-) -, wherein the addition amount of the cross-linking agent is 45-50% of the mass of the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, and the addition amount of the catalyst is 2-4% of the mass of the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution;
s3, adding porous starch, wherein the mass ratio of the porous starch to the polyvinyl alcohol is (0.1-0.2): 1, reacting at 60-70 ℃ for 15-20min, curing at 35-45 ℃ for 20-40h to obtain the hemostatic sponge, and then cutting the hemostatic sponge to obtain the sponge strip.
Preparation example of porous starch
Preparation example 1
Mixing 1kg of cassava starch, 1kg of potato starch and 20kg of water, heating and stirring at 70 ℃, gelatinizing for 50min, cooling, pre-freezing at the temperature of minus 45 ℃ for 6h after cooling to room temperature, and then carrying out freeze drying in a freeze dryer, wherein the freeze drying conditions are as follows: the freezing time is 24h, the freezing temperature is-60 ℃, and the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 10 Pa.
Preparation example 2
Mixing 1kg of cassava starch, 1.5kg of potato starch and 30kg of water, heating and stirring at 75 ℃, gelatinizing for 70min, cooling, pre-freezing at the temperature of (-35) DEG C for 8h after cooling to room temperature, and then carrying out freeze drying in a freeze dryer, wherein the freeze drying conditions are as follows: the freezing time is 36h, the freezing temperature is-60 ℃, and the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 10 Pa.
Preparation example 3
Mixing 1kg of cassava starch, 1.2kg of potato starch and 22kg of water, heating and stirring at 70 ℃, gelatinizing for 60min, cooling, pre-freezing at the temperature of (-40) DEG C for 7h after cooling to room temperature, and then carrying out freeze drying in a freeze dryer, wherein the freeze drying conditions are as follows: the freezing time is 30h, the freezing temperature is-60 ℃, and the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 10 Pa.
Preparation example 4
The procedure of preparation example 3 was followed except that the amount of potato starch added was 1 kg.
Preparation example 5
The procedure of preparation example 3 was followed, except that the amount of potato starch added was 1.5kg and the amount of water added was 25 kg.
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