阅读说明：本技术 一种在机械压力校形中改善3d打印组织致密性的方法 (Method for improving 3D printing tissue compactness in mechanical pressure sizing ) 是由 杜传伟 刘恩超 于 2019-11-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种在机械压力校形中改善3D打印组织致密性的方法,采用机械压力校形工艺取代3D打印后的等静压工艺,对3D打印形成的金属制件进行处理,在形状校正的同时,改善3D打印组织的致密性,作为最佳实施方式,所述3D打印形成的金属制件为破碎机复合齿板(1),在操作时,将3D打印后加热到校形温度的破碎机复合齿板(1)放在所述下模(3)中,通过加压设备带动上垫板(5)和上模(6)与下模(3)合模,对破碎机复合齿板(1)施压和保压,使破碎机复合齿板(1)在组织致密的同时,形状也得到校正,起到提高3D打印复合齿板的机械性能和制造精度的双重作用。(A method for improving 3D printing organization compactness in mechanical pressure sizing adopts a mechanical pressure sizing process to replace an isostatic pressing process after 3D printing, the method is characterized in that a metal part formed by 3D printing is processed, the compactness of a 3D printing structure is improved while the shape is corrected, as a best mode, the metal part formed by 3D printing is a composite toothed plate (1) of a crusher, in operation, the crusher composite toothed plate (1) which is heated to the shape correction temperature after 3D printing is placed in the lower die (3), the upper backing plate (5) and the upper die (6) are driven by the pressurizing equipment to be matched with the lower die (3), the composite toothed plate (1) of the crusher is pressed and maintained, so that the composite toothed plate (1) of the crusher is compact in structure, the shape is also corrected, and the dual functions of improving the mechanical performance and the manufacturing precision of the 3D printing composite toothed plate are achieved.)

1. A method for improving 3D printing organization compactness in mechanical pressure shape correction is characterized in that a mechanical pressure shape correction process is adopted to replace an isostatic pressing process after 3D printing, a metal workpiece formed by 3D printing is processed, and the compactness of a 3D printing organization is improved while the shape is corrected.

2. The method for improving 3D printed texture compactness in mechanical pressure sizing according to claim 1, wherein the 3D printed metal piece is a composite toothed plate (1) of a crusher.

3. A method of improving 3D printed tissue densification in mechanical pressure profiling according to claim 2 characterized in that 3D printing forms the composite tooth plate (1) of the crusher in one of two ways: printing a supporting matrix by adopting a first metal powder material, and printing a wear-resistant layer by adopting a second metal powder material or a metal ceramic composite powder material; or, the first metal prefabricated part is used as a supporting base body, and the second metal powder material or the metal ceramic composite powder material is used for printing the wear-resistant layer.

4. A method of improving 3D printed tissue densification in mechanical pressure profiling according to claim 3 characterized in that the 3D printing is by means of Selective Laser Melting (SLM) or Selective Laser Sintering (SLS).

5. The method for improving 3D printing tissue compactness in mechanical pressure correction according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the composite toothed plate (1) of the crusher is a rectangular plate with an arc-shaped upper part, the upper part is provided with teeth, the bottom part is provided with reinforcing ribs, a pressure correction mold adopted when the mechanical pressure correction is performed on the composite toothed plate (1) of the crusher comprises a lower mold (3) and an upper mold (6), the lower mold (3) is matched with the lower part and the periphery of the composite toothed plate (1) of the crusher, the upper mold (6) is matched with the upper part of the composite toothed plate (1) of the crusher, the lower mold (3) is fixedly installed on the lower backing plate (2), a lower ejector rod (4) penetrates through the lower backing plate (2) and the lower mold (3), the upper mold (6) is fixedly installed on the upper backing plate (5), and a cover plate (8) is sequentially installed on the upper mold (6) from top to bottom, The spring (10) and the upper ejector rod (9) are used for placing the crusher composite toothed plate (1) which is heated to the shape correction temperature after 3D printing in the lower die (3), the upper base plate (5) and the upper die (6) are driven by a pressurizing device to be matched with the lower die (3), pressure is applied to and maintained on the crusher composite toothed plate (1), and the shape of the crusher composite toothed plate (1) is corrected while the structure is compact.

6. The method for improving 3D printing tissue compactness in mechanical pressure sizing according to claim 5, characterized in that the upper ejector rods (9) are arranged in 3 rows along the arc shape of the upper part of the composite toothed plate (1) of the crusher, 1 row is arranged in the middle of the arc shape of the composite toothed plate (1) of the crusher, 1 row is respectively arranged at two sides, and the number of the upper ejector rods (9) arranged in each row is equal to the number of the peaks of the composite toothed plate (1) of the crusher.

7. A method for improving 3D printing texture compactness in mechanical pressure sizing according to claim 5, characterized in that the upper part of the die cavity of the lower die (3) is provided with a chamfer.

8. The method for improving 3D printing tissue compactness in mechanical pressure sizing according to claim 5, characterized in that the lower ejector rods (4) are arranged on two ends or reinforcing ribs of the lower part of the composite toothed plate (1) of the crusher, and the ejection distance of the lower ejector rods (4) is greater than the distance from the bottom to the top of the die cavity of the lower die (3).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing intelligent manufacturing of metal composite wear-resistant parts, in particular to a method for improving 3D printing organization compactness in mechanical pressure sizing.

Background

The jaw crusher is widely applied in industries such as building, civil engineering, metallurgy and the like, the toothed plate of the jaw crusher is the most main stressed part in working, the shape of the toothed plate is a rectangular plate with a certain radian, teeth are arranged on one surface of the toothed plate, reinforcing ribs are arranged on the other surface of the toothed plate, and in working, the toothed plate of the movable toothed plate and the toothed peak of the toothed plate of the fixed toothed plate have a crushing effect on a material positioned between the toothed plate and the toothed peak of the toothed plate. The technology for manufacturing the toothed plate commonly used in the field comprises an integral casting technology and a composite casting technology, wherein the integral casting toothed plate uses wear-resistant cast iron of a single material for gravity casting or low-pressure casting of the toothed plate, the integral casting toothed plate is easy to break due to the fact that the integral material pursues high hardness and neglects toughness requirements, and the composite casting toothed plate is a technology for imbedding a wear-resistant material on a substrate supporting material with certain toughness as a working layer.

The development of metal 3D printing manufacturing and repairing technology provides convenient conditions for manufacturing the composite material wear-resistant toothed plate, because the 3D printing does not need to manufacture a mould, the needed wear-resistant tooth shape can be directly grown on the surface of the supporting substrate material by adopting the modes of powder layer by layer, selective melting or sintering, therefore, the method is a very quick manufacturing method of the composite toothed plate, however, the method is not completely without defects, since metal 3D printing is the shaping of solid parts by sintering or melting of loose powder laid down for each layer, the toothed plate wear-resistant layer grown in a metal 3D printing mode is often not good in product index obtained in a casting mode on density and shape precision, at present, isostatic pressing treatment after 3D printing is a post-treatment mode for making up the defects of 3D printing density and shape precision, but the requirement of isostatic pressing on equipment and media is very high.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the existing problems, the invention provides a method for improving the compactness of a 3D printing tissue in mechanical pressure correction, aiming at a composite toothed plate of a 3D printing crusher, and the mechanical pressure treatment is used for replacing isostatic pressure treatment in the prior art, so that the dual effects of improving the compactness and shape correction of the composite toothed plate in 3D printing are achieved.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.

A method for improving compactness of a 3D printing structure in mechanical pressure shape correction adopts a mechanical pressure shape correction process to replace an isostatic pressing process after 3D printing, processes a metal part formed by 3D printing, and improves compactness of the 3D printing structure while correcting the shape.

According to the method for improving the compactness of the 3D printing structure in the mechanical pressure sizing, the metal part formed by the 3D printing is the composite toothed plate of the crusher.

According to the method for improving the compactness of the 3D printing tissue in the mechanical pressure sizing, the 3D printing forming of the composite toothed plate of the crusher adopts one of the following two modes: printing a supporting matrix by adopting a first metal powder material, and printing a wear-resistant layer by adopting a second metal powder material or a metal ceramic composite powder material; or, the first metal prefabricated part is used as a supporting base body, and the second metal powder material or the metal ceramic composite powder material is used for printing the wear-resistant layer.

According to the method for improving the compactness of the 3D printing structure in the mechanical pressure sizing, the 3D printing mode is selective laser melting or selective laser sintering.

The method for improving the compactness of the 3D printing tissue in the mechanical pressure correction comprises the steps that the composite toothed plate of the crusher is a rectangular plate with an arc-shaped upper part and a tooth-shaped upper part and a reinforcing rib at the bottom, the pressure correction mold adopted when the mechanical pressure correction is carried out on the composite toothed plate of the crusher comprises a lower mold and an upper mold, the lower mold is matched with the lower part and the periphery of the composite toothed plate of the crusher, the upper mold is matched with the upper part of the composite toothed plate of the crusher, the lower mold is fixedly arranged on a lower backing plate, a lower ejector rod penetrates through the lower backing plate and the lower mold, the upper mold is fixedly arranged on an upper backing plate, a cover plate, a spring and an upper ejector rod are sequentially arranged on the upper mold from top to bottom, the composite toothed plate of the crusher, which is heated to the correction temperature after 3D printing, is placed in the lower mold, the upper backing plate, the upper mold and the lower mold are driven by a pressurizing device, the shape of the composite toothed plate of the crusher is corrected while the structure is compact.

According to the method for improving 3D printing tissue compactness in mechanical pressure sizing, the upper ejector rods are arranged in 3 rows along the arc shape of the upper portion of the composite toothed plate of the crusher, 1 row is arranged in the middle of the arc shape of the composite toothed plate of the crusher, 1 row is respectively arranged on two sides of the arc shape of the composite toothed plate of the crusher, and the number of the upper ejector rods arranged in each row is equal to the number of the tooth peaks of the composite toothed plate of the crusher.

In the method for improving 3D printing texture compactness in mechanical pressure sizing, the upper part of the cavity of the lower die is provided with a chamfer.

According to the method for improving the compactness of the 3D printing tissue in the mechanical pressure sizing, the lower ejector rods are arranged at two ends of the lower part of the composite toothed plate of the crusher or on the reinforcing ribs, and the ejection distance of the lower ejector rods is greater than the distance from the bottom to the top of the lower mold cavity.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the method for improving the compactness of the 3D printing structure in the mechanical pressure sizing can improve the compactness of the internal structure of a 3D printing piece of the composite toothed plate of the crusher, improve the performances of a base material and a wear-resistant layer in the 3D printing composite toothed plate, effectively improve the wear resistance and the service life of the toothed plate, correct the shape of the 3D printing composite toothed plate and ensure the manufacturing precision.

Drawings

The aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a composite toothed plate of a crusher.

Fig. 2 is a top view of a composite tooth plate of the crusher.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along line B-B in fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressure sizing die used in sizing a composite toothed plate of a 3D printing crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of fig. 5 in an unclamped state.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged view of the portion D in fig. 5.

The components represented by the reference numerals in the figures are:

the composite toothed plate of the crusher comprises a composite toothed plate 1, a lower cushion plate 2, a lower die 3, a lower ejector rod 4, an upper cushion plate 5, an upper die 6, an air vent 7, a cover plate 8, an upper ejector rod 9 and a spring 10.

Detailed Description

Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure can be more completely understood and fully conveyed to those skilled in the art, and the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms without being limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, fig. 1 to 4 are schematic structural views of a composite toothed plate of a 3D printing crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the shape that 3D printed breaker composite tooth board is a rectangular plate that has certain radian, and one side is equipped with the tooth, and the another side is equipped with the strengthening rib, and the during operation, the movable tooth board and fixed tooth board tooth peak play crushing effect to the tooth valley, to the material that is located between them, and this kind of structure not only has the squeezing action to the material that is in between, can also make the material take place to buckle, changes in the breakage.

The 3D that this embodiment was directed against prints breaker composite tooth plate means that the composite tooth plate of wear-resisting composite bed has been made through laser selective sintering (SLS) mode on base support material surface, and wherein the shape of above-mentioned "crest" and "trough" is obtained through laser selective sintering (SLS) mode, adopts laser selective sintering (SLS) to print the 3D shape and has belonged to mature technology, and the no longer repeated description here.

According to the method for improving the compactness of the 3D printing tissue in the mechanical pressure shape correction, aiming at the composite toothed plate of the 3D printing crusher, the mechanical pressure shape correction process is adopted to replace the isostatic pressing process after 3D printing, and the compactness of the 3D printing tissue is improved while the shape is corrected.

Referring to fig. 5 to 8, fig. 5 to 8 are schematic structural diagrams of a pressure sizing die for a composite toothed plate of a 3D printing crusher, which is used for performing the method. As shown in the figure, 3D prints breaker composite tooth plate's pressure school shape mould includes lower mould 3 and last mould 6, breaker composite tooth plate 1 is curved rectangular plate for upper portion, and there is the tooth on upper portion, and there is the strengthening rib bottom, lower mould 3 and breaker composite tooth plate 1's lower part and appearance phase-match all around, go up mould 6 and breaker composite tooth plate 1's upper portion appearance phase-match, 3 fixed mounting of lower mould are on lower bolster 2, have worn down ejector pin 4 in lower bolster 2 and the lower mould 3, go up mould 6 fixed mounting on upper bolster 5, install apron 8, spring 10 and last ejector pin 9 from last to down in proper order at upper mould 6.

In the specific shape correction process, when the upper die 6 and the lower die 3 are matched, the crusher composite toothed plate 1 heated to the shape correction temperature (lower than 1150 ℃) is placed in the lower die 3, the upper padding plate 5 and the upper die 6 and the lower die 3 are driven to be matched through a pressurizing device, a pressurizing threshold value is determined through setting of the stroke of a press machine or a pressure sensor (a stroke limiting block can also be arranged at the contact edge of the upper die 6 and the lower die 3), and the crusher composite toothed plate 1 is pressurized and maintained, so that the shape of the crusher composite toothed plate 1 is corrected while the structure is compact.

The pressure sizing mould that this embodiment adopted goes up ejector pin 9 and follows 1 upper portion arc of breaker composite tooth board sets up 3 rows, and the curved centre of breaker composite tooth board 1 sets up 1 row, and both sides respectively set up 1 row, and every row sets up the number of ejector pin 9 and equals the crest number of breaker composite tooth board 1.

According to the pressure sizing die adopted by the embodiment, the cover plate 8 is fixedly connected with the upper die 6 through bolts, the upper part of the die cavity of the lower die 3 is provided with a chamfer, and the upper die 6 can be more conveniently matched with the lower die 3 by arranging the chamfer.

In the pressure sizing die adopted in the embodiment, the length of the upper ejector rods 9 in the arc-shaped middle row of the composite toothed plate 1 of the crusher is shorter than that of the upper ejector rods 8 in the two side rows, and after the upper die 6 and the lower die 3 are closed, the lower ends of the upper ejector rods 9 in the 3 rows are matched with the arc-shaped upper part of the composite toothed plate 1 of the crusher; when the die is closed, the upper ejector rod 9 is ejected by the composite toothed plate 1 of the crusher, the spring 10 is compressed, when the upper end part of the upper ejector rod 9 abuts against the cover plate 8, the lower part of the upper ejector rod 9 is level with the die cavity of the upper die 6, when the die is opened, the upper die 6 is driven by a pressurizing device to move upwards, and at the moment, the upper ejector rod 9 is ejected downwards under the action of the spring 10 so as to eject the teeth of the composite toothed plate 1 of the crusher out of the die cavity of the upper die 6.

In the pressure sizing die adopted in the embodiment, the lower ejector rods 4 are arranged at two ends of the lower part of the composite toothed plate 1 of the crusher or on the reinforcing ribs, and the ejection distance of the lower ejector rods 4 is greater than the distance from the bottom to the top of the die cavity of the lower die 3; the lower ejector rod is used for ejecting the lower ejector rod 4 upwards by using the lower ejection function of the pressurizing equipment after the die is opened, so that the composite toothed plate 1 of the crusher is ejected out of the die cavity of the lower die 3 until the lower plane of the composite toothed plate 1 of the crusher is higher than the upper plane of the lower die 3, and the composite toothed plate 1 of the crusher is taken out of the die by using a tool.

In addition, as a further guarantee, but not by way of limitation, the pressure sizing die used in this embodiment may further select to provide a vent hole 7 on the upper die 6, where the vent hole 7 may prevent the composite toothed plate 1 of the crusher from being stuck to the die due to air stagnation, and may provide a discharge path for any gas that may be generated, because when some Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) methods are performed, a chemical binder may be used (for example, when using a cermet composite powder), and although the high temperature of the laser processing is sufficient to decompose most of the chemical binder, the possibility of remaining in the sizing process step is not excluded. Preferably, the vent holes 7 are arranged in the die cavity at positions corresponding to the tooth peaks of the composite toothed plate 1 of the crusher, and two vent holes 7 are arranged at each tooth peak and arranged at two ends of each tooth peak.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.