阅读说明：本技术 一种电动汽车的节能两档变速器 (Energy-saving two-gear transmission of electric automobile ) 是由 王玉勃 于 2019-10-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种电动汽车的节能两档变速器,包括摩擦离合器、行星单元、电机、单向离合器、C齿轮、D齿轮和差速器。本发明采用的行星单元由A内齿轮、B内齿轮、行星架和双联行星齿轮构成；行星架的两端分别与电机和摩擦离合器的输入端固定连接,摩擦离合器的输出端与A内齿轮和C齿轮固定连接,D齿轮与差速器的主动轮固定连接；C齿轮与D齿轮啮合,A内齿轮与双联行星齿轮啮合,B内齿轮受单向离合器操控与双联行星齿轮啮合；通过高速、低速两档变速使电机运行在高效转速区得以节能,通过低速档无能耗减少变速能耗的技术方案,使电动汽车的运行,达到了减少变速能耗、提高电能利用率、增强节能效果、延长续航里程的目的。(The invention discloses an energy-saving two-gear transmission of an electric automobile, which comprises a friction clutch, a planetary unit, a motor, a one-way clutch, a C gear, a D gear and a differential mechanism. The planetary unit adopted by the invention consists of an internal gear A, an internal gear B, a planet carrier and a duplex planetary gear; two ends of the planet carrier are respectively and fixedly connected with the motor and the input end of the friction clutch, the output end of the friction clutch is fixedly connected with the internal gear A and the gear C, and the gear D is fixedly connected with the driving wheel of the differential mechanism; the gear C is meshed with the gear D, the internal gear A is meshed with the duplex planetary gear, and the internal gear B is controlled by the one-way clutch to be meshed with the duplex planetary gear; the motor can save energy when running in a high-efficiency rotating speed area through high-speed and low-speed two-gear speed change, and the electric automobile can run through the technical scheme that the low-speed gear does not have energy consumption and reduces the energy consumption of speed change, so that the aims of reducing the energy consumption of speed change, improving the utilization rate of electric energy, enhancing the energy-saving effect and prolonging the endurance mileage are fulfilled.)

1. The utility model provides an energy-conserving two grades of derailleurs of electric automobile, includes friction clutch (1), planetary unit (2), motor (3), one way clutch (4), C gear (5), D gear (6), differential mechanism (7), its characterized in that: the planetary unit (2) is composed of an internal gear A (21), an internal gear B (22), a planet carrier (23) and a duplex planetary gear (24), the duplex planetary gear (24) is composed of two coaxially and fixedly connected gears which are small at the left and large at the right, and the duplex planetary gear (24) can be rotatably connected with the planet carrier (23); the A internal gear (21) and the B internal gear (22) are members with inner teeth arranged on the inner rings;

the gear C (5) and the gear D (6) are gears with external teeth;

the friction clutch (1), the planetary unit (2), the one-way clutch (4), the gear C (5), the gear D (6) and the differential (7) are all made of steel;

one end of the planet carrier (23) is fixedly connected with the output end of the motor (3), the other end of the planet carrier (23) is fixedly connected with the input end of the friction clutch (1), the output end of the friction clutch (1) is fixedly connected with the internal gear (21) of the gear A and the gear C (5), and the gear D (6) is fixedly connected with the driving wheel of the differential (7); the gear C (5) is meshed with the gear D (6), the internal gear A (21) is meshed with the duplex planetary gear (24), and the internal gear B (22) is controlled by the one-way clutch (4) to be meshed with the duplex planetary gear (24).

Technical Field

The invention relates to a transmission, in particular to an energy-saving two-gear transmission of an electric automobile, which is used for changing the speed of a new energy electric automobile.

Background

The electric automobile is driven by a direct current motor and a speed reducer, the direct current motor has excellent linear variable-voltage speed-regulating mechanical characteristics, the electric automobile utilizes the characteristics of the direct current motor to regulate the speed, and the direct current motor is hereinafter referred to as the motor for short; although the motor has a wide speed regulation range and large starting torque, and can meet the requirements of starting acceleration and normal driving of the electric automobile, the motor cannot be kept in an optimal rotating speed efficiency interval due to different rotating speeds of the motor during low-speed driving and high-speed driving, so that the electric energy utilization rate is poor, and the improvement of the endurance mileage of the electric automobile is influenced; in order to improve the utilization rate of electric energy and enable a motor to work in an optimal rotating speed efficiency range as far as possible, the prior art arranges a two-gear automatic transmission, namely a transmission for short, for an electric automobile so as to reduce energy consumption when the electric automobile runs at low speed and high speed; the transmission in the prior art is provided with two clutches, the electric automobile is respectively operated by one of the clutches when running at two gears of low speed and high speed, the operation of the clutch needs to consume energy, and meanwhile, one more clutch is provided, and one more clutch is provided, so that the energy consumption is provided, and the problems and the defects of large energy consumption and energy saving effect to be improved exist in the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems and the defects in the prior art, the invention adopts a device consisting of a friction clutch, a planetary unit, a motor, a one-way clutch, a gear C, a gear D and a differential mechanism, wherein the planetary unit consists of an internal gear A, an internal gear B, a planet carrier and a duplex planetary gear, the duplex planetary gear consists of two gears which are coaxially and fixedly connected and are small at the left and big at the right, and the duplex planetary gear can be rotationally connected with the planet carrier; the inner gear A and the inner gear B are members with inner teeth arranged on inner rings; the gear C and the gear D are gears provided with external teeth; the friction clutch, the planetary unit, the one-way clutch, the gear C, the gear D and the differential are all made of steel; one end of the planet carrier is fixedly connected with the output end of the motor, the other end of the planet carrier is fixedly connected with the input end of the friction clutch, the output end of the friction clutch is fixedly connected with the internal gear A and the gear C, and the gear D is fixedly connected with the driving wheel of the differential mechanism; the gear C is meshed with the gear D, the internal gear A is meshed with the duplex planetary gear, and the internal gear B is controlled by the one-way clutch to be meshed with the duplex planetary gear;

when the dual-planetary gear works at a low gear, the friction clutch does not work, the one-way clutch works, the one-way clutch is in reverse stop, so that the B internal gear is disengaged from the dual-planetary gear, the B internal gear is static, and the A internal gear is engaged with the dual-planetary gear; the power rotating speed of the motor is subjected to primary speed reduction through the planet carrier, the duplex planet gear and the internal gear A, then is transmitted to the gear C through the internal gear A, is subjected to secondary speed reduction through the gear C and the gear D, is transmitted to the differential mechanism through the gear D, and is connected with wheel ends through the differential mechanism to drive wheels on two sides of the electric automobile;

when the electric automobile works at a high-speed gear, the friction clutch works, the one-way clutch does not work, the one-way clutch rotates in the forward direction, so that the B internal gear is meshed with the duplex planetary gear, the B internal gear, the duplex planetary gear, the A internal gear and the planet carrier are connected into a whole, namely, the planetary units are connected into a whole, at the moment, no relative motion exists in the planetary units, the power rotating speed of the motor is transmitted to the C gear through the A internal gear by the planet carrier, is subjected to primary speed reduction through the C gear and the D gear, is transmitted to the differential by the D gear, and is connected with the wheel ends through the differential to drive;

in conclusion, in the low gear, the friction clutch does not work, the planetary unit decelerates, and no energy is consumed; in high gear, the friction clutch works, no planetary unit decelerates and energy consumption exists; in addition, in high gear, because the planetary unit has no relative motion, idle gears do not exist, and the problem of gear squeal does not need to be considered; the device enables the motor to run in a high-efficiency rotating speed area to save energy through high-speed and low-speed two-gear speed change, thereby improving the endurance mileage of the electric automobile; the technical scheme of reducing the energy consumption of speed change through the low-speed gear without energy consumption provides an energy-saving two-gear transmission of an electric automobile, and aims to enable the electric automobile to run, and achieve the purposes of reducing the energy consumption of speed change, improving the utilization rate of electric energy, enhancing the energy-saving effect and prolonging the endurance mileage.

The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: an energy-conserving two grades of derailleurs of electric automobile, includes friction clutch, planetary unit, motor, one way clutch, C gear, D gear, differential mechanism, wherein: the planet unit consists of an internal gear A, an internal gear B, a planet carrier and a duplex planet gear, the duplex planet gear consists of two gears which are coaxially and fixedly connected and are small at the left and big at the right, and the duplex planet gear can be rotatably connected with the planet carrier; the inner gear A and the inner gear B are members with inner teeth arranged on inner rings;

the gear C and the gear D are gears provided with external teeth;

the friction clutch, the planetary unit, the one-way clutch, the gear C, the gear D and the differential are all made of steel;

one end of the planet carrier is fixedly connected with the output end of the motor, the other end of the planet carrier is fixedly connected with the input end of the friction clutch, the output end of the friction clutch is fixedly connected with the internal gear A and the gear C, and the gear D is fixedly connected with the driving wheel of the differential mechanism; the gear C is meshed with the gear D, the internal gear A is meshed with the duplex planetary gear, and the internal gear B is controlled by the one-way clutch to be meshed with the duplex planetary gear.

Working principle and beneficial effects

When the dual-planetary gear works at a low gear, the friction clutch does not work, the one-way clutch works, the one-way clutch is in reverse stop, so that the B internal gear is disengaged from the dual-planetary gear, the B internal gear is static, and the A internal gear is engaged with the dual-planetary gear; the power rotating speed of the motor is subjected to primary speed reduction through the planet carrier, the duplex planet gear and the internal gear A, then is transmitted to the gear C through the internal gear A, is subjected to secondary speed reduction through the gear C and the gear D, is transmitted to the differential mechanism through the gear D, and is connected with wheel ends through the differential mechanism to drive wheels on two sides of the electric automobile;

when the electric automobile works at a high-speed gear, the friction clutch works, the one-way clutch does not work, the one-way clutch rotates in the forward direction, so that the B internal gear is meshed with the duplex planetary gear, the B internal gear, the duplex planetary gear, the A internal gear and the planet carrier are connected into a whole, namely, the planetary units are connected into a whole, at the moment, no relative motion exists in the planetary units, the power rotating speed of the motor is transmitted to the C gear through the A internal gear by the planet carrier, is subjected to primary speed reduction through the C gear and the D gear, is transmitted to the differential by the D gear, and is connected with the wheel ends through the differential to drive;

the following is explained: in the clutch, whether the one-way clutch works or not is controlled by the friction clutch, the one-way clutch does not need extra power when working, and the friction clutch needs extra power when working;

in conclusion, in the low gear, the friction clutch does not work, the planetary unit decelerates, and no energy is consumed; in high gear, the friction clutch works, no planetary unit decelerates and energy consumption exists; in addition, in high gear, because the planetary unit has no relative motion, idle gears do not exist, and the problem of gear squeal does not need to be considered.

The device has simple structure and reliable work, and is only provided with one friction clutch; through high-speed and low-speed two-gear speed change, the motor can run in a high-efficiency rotating speed area to save energy, and the endurance mileage of the electric automobile is improved; the variable speed energy consumption is reduced through the low-speed gear without energy consumption, so that the variable speed energy consumption is reduced in the running of the electric automobile, the energy-saving effect is enhanced, and the endurance mileage is improved.

The invention adopts a device consisting of a friction clutch, a planetary unit, a motor, a one-way clutch, a gear C, a gear D and a differential mechanism, wherein the planetary unit consists of an internal gear A, an internal gear B, a planet carrier and a duplex planetary gear, the duplex planetary gear consists of two gears which are coaxially and fixedly connected and are small at the left and big at the right, and the duplex planetary gear can be rotationally connected with the planet carrier; the inner gear A and the inner gear B are members with inner teeth arranged on inner rings; the gear C and the gear D are gears provided with external teeth; the friction clutch, the planetary unit, the one-way clutch, the gear C, the gear D and the differential are all made of steel; one end of the planet carrier is fixedly connected with the output end of the motor, the other end of the planet carrier is fixedly connected with the input end of the friction clutch, the output end of the friction clutch is fixedly connected with the internal gear A and the gear C, and the gear D is fixedly connected with the driving wheel of the differential mechanism; the gear C is meshed with the gear D, the internal gear A is meshed with the duplex planetary gear, and the internal gear B is controlled by the one-way clutch to be meshed with the duplex planetary gear;

when the dual-planetary gear works at a low gear, the friction clutch does not work, the one-way clutch works, the one-way clutch is in reverse stop, so that the B internal gear is disengaged from the dual-planetary gear, the B internal gear is static, and the A internal gear is engaged with the dual-planetary gear; the power rotating speed of the motor is subjected to primary speed reduction through the planet carrier, the duplex planet gear and the internal gear A, then is transmitted to the gear C through the internal gear A, is subjected to secondary speed reduction through the gear C and the gear D, is transmitted to the differential mechanism through the gear D, and is connected with wheel ends through the differential mechanism to drive wheels on two sides of the electric automobile;

when the electric automobile works at a high-speed gear, the friction clutch works, the one-way clutch does not work, the one-way clutch rotates in the forward direction, so that the B internal gear is meshed with the duplex planetary gear, the B internal gear, the duplex planetary gear, the A internal gear and the planet carrier are connected into a whole, namely, the planetary units are connected into a whole, at the moment, no relative motion exists in the planetary units, the power rotating speed of the motor is transmitted to the C gear through the A internal gear by the planet carrier, is subjected to primary speed reduction through the C gear and the D gear, is transmitted to the differential by the D gear, and is connected with the wheel ends through the differential to drive;

in conclusion, in the low gear, the friction clutch does not work, the planetary unit decelerates, and no energy is consumed; in high gear, the friction clutch works, no planetary unit decelerates and energy consumption exists; in addition, in high gear, because the planetary unit has no relative motion, idle gears do not exist, and the problem of gear squeal does not need to be considered; the device enables the motor to run in a high-efficiency rotating speed area to save energy through high-speed and low-speed two-gear speed change, thereby improving the endurance mileage of the electric automobile; the technical scheme of reducing the speed change energy consumption by the low-speed gear without energy consumption overcomes the problems and the defects of high energy consumption and energy saving effect to be improved in the prior art, and the provided energy-saving two-gear transmission of the electric automobile enables the electric automobile to run and achieves the purposes of reducing the speed change energy consumption, improving the electric energy utilization rate, enhancing the energy saving effect and prolonging the endurance mileage.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the transmission principle of an energy-saving two-speed transmission of an electric vehicle according to the present invention.

The invention will be described in more detail hereinafter with reference to an embodiment example in the drawings, but it should not be construed as being limited thereto.

In the figure: the friction clutch 1, the planetary unit 2, the A internal gear 21, the B internal gear 22, the planet carrier 23, the duplex planetary gear 24, the motor 3, the one-way clutch 4, the C gear 5, the D gear 6, the differential 7 and the differential are connected with the wheel end 71.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1, the energy-saving two-gear transmission of an electric vehicle of the present invention includes a friction clutch 1, a planetary unit 2, a motor 3, a one-way clutch 4, a C gear 5, a D gear 6, and a differential 7, wherein: the planetary unit 2 is composed of an A internal gear 21, a B internal gear 22, a planet carrier 23 and a duplex planetary gear 24, the duplex planetary gear 24 is composed of two coaxially fixedly connected gears which are small at the left and big at the right, and the duplex planetary gear 24 is rotatably connected with the planet carrier 23; the A internal gear 21 and the B internal gear 22 are members with internal teeth arranged on the inner rings;

the C gear 5 and the D gear 6 are gears with external teeth;

the friction clutch 1, the planetary unit 2, the one-way clutch 4, the C gear 5, the D gear 6 and the differential mechanism 7 are all made of steel;

one end of the planet carrier 23 is fixedly connected with the output end of the motor 3, the other end of the planet carrier 23 is fixedly connected with the input end of the friction clutch 1, the output end of the friction clutch 1 is fixedly connected with the internal gear 21 of the A and the gear 5 of the C, and the gear 6 of the D is fixedly connected with the driving wheel of the differential mechanism 7; the C gear 5 is meshed with the D gear 6, the A internal gear 21 is meshed with the duplex planetary gear 24, and the B internal gear 22 is controlled by the one-way clutch 4 to be meshed with the duplex planetary gear 24.

Working principle and beneficial effects

When the friction clutch works at a low gear, the friction clutch 1 does not work, the one-way clutch 4 works, the one-way clutch 4 is in reverse stop, so that the B internal gear 22 is disengaged from the duplex planetary gear 24, the B internal gear 22 is static, and the A internal gear 21 is engaged with the duplex planetary gear 24; the power rotating speed of the motor 3 is subjected to primary speed reduction through the planet carrier 23, the duplex planet gear 24 and the A internal gear 21, then is transmitted to the C gear 5 through the A internal gear 21, is subjected to secondary speed reduction through the C gear 5 and the D gear 6, is transmitted to the differential 7 through the D gear 6, and is connected with the wheel end 71 through the differential to drive wheels on two sides of the electric automobile;

when the electric automobile works at a high gear, the friction clutch 1 works, the one-way clutch 4 does not work, the one-way clutch 4 rotates in the positive direction, so that the B internal gear 22 is meshed with the duplex planetary gear 24, the B internal gear 22, the duplex planetary gear 24, the A internal gear 21 and the planet carrier 23 are connected into a whole, namely, the planet unit 2 is connected into a whole, at the moment, no relative motion exists in the planet unit 2, the power rotating speed of the motor 3 is transmitted to the C gear 5 from the planet carrier 23 through the A internal gear 21, is subjected to primary speed reduction through the C gear 5 and the D gear 6, is transmitted to the differential mechanism 7 through the D gear 6, and is connected with the wheel end 71 through the differential mechanism to drive;

the following is explained: in the clutch, whether the one-way clutch 4 works or not is controlled by the friction clutch 1, the one-way clutch 4 does not need extra power when working, and the friction clutch 1 needs extra power when working;

in conclusion, in the low gear, the friction clutch 1 does not work, the planetary unit 2 decelerates, and no energy is consumed; in a high gear, the friction clutch 1 works, the planetary unit 2 does not decelerate, and energy consumption is high; in addition, in the high gear, because there is no relative motion in the planetary unit 2, there is no idle gear, and there is no need to consider the problem of gear squeal.

The device has simple structure and reliable work, and is only provided with one friction clutch 1; through high-speed and low-speed two-gear speed change, the motor can run in a high-efficiency rotating speed area to save energy, and the endurance mileage of the electric automobile is improved; the variable speed energy consumption is reduced through the low-speed gear without energy consumption, so that the variable speed energy consumption is reduced in the running of the electric automobile, the energy-saving effect is enhanced, and the endurance mileage is improved.